The Experts below are selected from a list of 25551 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John Vontas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
management of Insecticide Resistance in the major aedes vectors of arboviruses advances and challenges
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Isabelle Dusfour, John Vontas, Vincent Corbel, Dina M Fonseca, David Weetman, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Jeanphilippe David, K Raghavendra, Ademir Jesus MartinsAbstract:Background The landscape of mosquito-borne disease risk has changed dramatically in recent decades, due to the emergence and reemergence of urban transmission cycles driven by invasive Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Insecticide Resistance is already widespread in the yellow fever mosquito, Ae. Aegypti; is emerging in the Asian tiger mosquito Ae. Albopictus; and is now threatening the global fight against human arboviral diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika. Because the panel of Insecticides available for public health is limited, it is of primary importance to preserve the efficacy of existing and upcoming active ingredients. Timely implementation of Insecticide Resistance management (IRM) is crucial to maintain the arsenal of effective public health Insecticides and sustain arbovirus vector control. Methodology and principal findings This Review is one of a series being generated by the Worldwide Insecticide Resistance Network (WIN) and aims at defining the principles and concepts underlying IRM, identifying the main factors affecting the evolution of Resistance, and evaluating the value of existing tools for Resistance monitoring. Based on the lessons taken from Resistance strategies used for other vector species and agricultural pests, we propose a framework for the implementation of IRM strategies for Aedes mosquito vectors. Conclusions and significance Although IRM should be a fixture of all vector control programs, it is currently often absent from the strategic plans to control mosquito-borne diseases, especially arboviruses. Experiences from other public health disease vectors and agricultural pests underscore the need for urgent action in implementing IRM for invasive Aedes mosquitoes. Based on a plan developed for malaria vectors, here we propose some key activities to establish a global plan for IRM in Aedes spp. Author summary Arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus represent a major public health concern at a global scale. The insecticidal treatments exerted on both species have selected for various Resistance mechanisms within wild populations. Although the impact of Insecticide Resistance on the efficacy of vector control operations remains broadly unknown, it is of primary importance to implement strategies for preserving the efficacy of treatments and reducing the pathogen transmission during epidemics. For this purpose, there are urgent needs for new tools for vector control and Insecticide Resistance monitoring to improve the management of Insecticide Resistance in Aedes species.
-
insect cuticle a critical determinant of Insecticide Resistance
Current opinion in insect science, 2018Co-Authors: Vasileia Balabanidou, Linda Grigoraki, John VontasAbstract:Intense use of Insecticides has resulted in the selection of extreme levels of Resistance in insect populations. Therefore understanding the molecular basis of Insecticide Resistance mechanisms becomes critical. Penetration Resistance refers to modifications in the cuticle that will eventually slow down the penetration of Insecticide molecules within insects’ body. So far, two mechanisms of penetration Resistance have been described, the cuticle thickening and the altering of cuticle composition. Cuticular modifications are attributed to the over-expression of diversified genes or proteins, which belong to structural components (cuticular proteins mainly), enzymes that catalyze enzymatic reactions (CYP4G16 and laccase 2) or ABC transporters that promote cuticular translocation. In the present review we summarize recent studies and discuss future perspectives.
-
contemporary status of Insecticide Resistance in the major aedes vectors of arboviruses infecting humans
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Catherine L. Moyes, Joao Pinto, John Vontas, Isabelle Dusfour, Vincent Corbel, K Raghavendra, Ademir Jesus Martins, Sin Ying Koou, Jeanphilippe DavidAbstract:Both Aedes aegytpi and Ae. albopictus are major vectors of 5 important arboviruses (namely chikungunya virus, dengue virus, Rift Valley fever virus, yellow fever virus, and Zika virus), making these mosquitoes an important factor in the worldwide burden of infectious disease. Vector control using Insecticides coupled with larval source reduction is critical to control the transmission of these viruses to humans but is threatened by the emergence of Insecticide Resistance. Here, we review the available evidence for the geographical distribution of Insecticide Resistance in these 2 major vectors worldwide and map the data collated for the 4 main classes of neurotoxic Insecticide (carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates, and pyrethroids). Emerging Resistance to all 4 of these Insecticide classes has been detected in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Target-site mutations and increased Insecticide detoxification have both been linked to Resistance in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus but more work is required to further elucidate metabolic mechanisms and develop robust diagnostic assays. Geographical distributions are provided for the mechanisms that have been shown to be important to date. Estimating Insecticide Resistance in unsampled locations is hampered by a lack of standardisation in the diagnostic tools used and by a lack of data in a number of regions for both Resistance phenotypes and genotypes. The need for increased sampling using standard methods is critical to tackle the issue of emerging Insecticide Resistance threatening human health. Specifically, diagnostic doses and well-characterised susceptible strains are needed for the full range of Insecticides used to control Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus to standardise measurement of the resistant phenotype, and calibrated diagnostic assays are needed for the major mechanisms of Resistance.
-
Insecticide Resistance in the major dengue vectors Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2012Co-Authors: John Vontas, E. Kioulos, Nena Pavlidi, Evangelia Morou, A. Della Torre, Hilary RansonAbstract:Aedes mosquitoes are major vectors of human diseases, such as the dengue fever, chikungunya and yellow fever. Their control largely relies on Insecticides applied to mosquito larvae habitats, or indoors against adult mosquitoes. However, Insecticide Resistance has evolved in many Aedes aegypti mosquito populations worldwide and there is evidence that it has compromised the success of control interventions. The levels of Resistance in Aedes albopictus is relatively low at present compared to Ae. aegypti, possibly due to the reduced exposure of this more exophilic species to Insecticides, particularly those targeting the adult stage. This paper reviews Ae. albopictus susceptibility/Resistance status, as well as reports some new bioassay data from European populations (Greece and Italy). The most recent molecular research into Ae. aegypti Insecticide Resistance mechanisms is also reviewed, with emphasis on neurotoxic Insecticides.
-
The Anopheles gambiae detoxification chip: A highly specific microarray to study metabolic-based Insecticide Resistance in malaria vectors
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005Co-Authors: J. P. David, John Vontas, C. Strode, D. Nikou, A. Vaughan, P. M. Pignatelli, C. Louis, J. Hemingway, H. RansonAbstract:Metabolic pathways play an important role in Insecticide Resistance, but the full spectra of the genes involved in Resistance has not been established. We constructed a microarray containing unique fragments from 230 Anopheles gambiae genes putatively involved in Insecticide metabolism [cytochrome P450s (P450s), GSTs, and carboxylesterases and redox genes, partners of the P450 oxidative metabolic complex, and various controls]. We used this detox chip to monitor the expression of the detoxifying genes in Insecticide resistant and susceptible An. gambiae laboratory strains. Five genes were strongly up-regulated in the dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane-resistant strain ZAN/U. These genes included the GST GSTE2, which has previously been implicated in dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane Resistance, two P450s, and two peroxidase genes. GSTE2 was also elevated in the pyrethroid-resistant RSP strain. In addition, the P450 CYP325A3, belonging to a class not previously associated with Insecticide Resistance, was expressed at statistically higher levels in this strain. The applications of this detox chip and its potential contribution to malaria vector Insecticide Resistance management programs are discussed.
Hilary Ranson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
averting a malaria disaster will Insecticide Resistance derail malaria control
The Lancet, 2016Co-Authors: Janet Hemingway, Maureen Coetzee, Hilary Ranson, Alan J Magill, Jan H Kolaczinski, Christen Fornadel, John E Gimnig, Frederic Simard, Dabire K Roch, Clement Kerah HinzoumbeAbstract:World Malaria Day 2015 highlighted the progress made in the development of new methods of prevention (vaccines and Insecticides) and treatment (single dose drugs) of the disease. However, increasing drug and Insecticide Resistance threatens the successes made with existing methods. Insecticide Resistance has decreased the efficacy of the most commonly used Insecticide class of pyrethroids. This decreased efficacy has increased mosquito survival, which is a prelude to rising incidence of malaria and fatalities. Despite intensive research efforts, new Insecticides will not reach the market for at least 5 years. Elimination of malaria is not possible without effective mosquito control. Therefore, to combat the threat of Resistance, key stakeholders need to rapidly embrace a multifaceted approach including a reduction in the cost of bringing new Resistance management methods to market and the streamlining of associated development, policy, and implementation pathways to counter this looming public health catastrophe.
-
Insecticide Resistance in the major dengue vectors Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2012Co-Authors: John Vontas, E. Kioulos, Nena Pavlidi, Evangelia Morou, A. Della Torre, Hilary RansonAbstract:Aedes mosquitoes are major vectors of human diseases, such as the dengue fever, chikungunya and yellow fever. Their control largely relies on Insecticides applied to mosquito larvae habitats, or indoors against adult mosquitoes. However, Insecticide Resistance has evolved in many Aedes aegypti mosquito populations worldwide and there is evidence that it has compromised the success of control interventions. The levels of Resistance in Aedes albopictus is relatively low at present compared to Ae. aegypti, possibly due to the reduced exposure of this more exophilic species to Insecticides, particularly those targeting the adult stage. This paper reviews Ae. albopictus susceptibility/Resistance status, as well as reports some new bioassay data from European populations (Greece and Italy). The most recent molecular research into Ae. aegypti Insecticide Resistance mechanisms is also reviewed, with emphasis on neurotoxic Insecticides.
-
dynamics of Insecticide Resistance in malaria vectors in benin first evidence of the presence of l1014s kdr mutation in anopheles gambiae from west africa
Malaria Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Innocent Djegbe, Fabrice Chandre, Hilary Ranson, Olayide Boussari, Aboubakar Sidick, Thibaud Martin, Martin Akogbeto, Vincent CorbelAbstract:Background Insecticide Resistance monitoring is essential to help national programmers to implement more effective and sustainable malaria control strategies in endemic countries. This study reported the spatial and seasonal variations of Insecticide Resistance in malaria vectors in Benin, West Africa.
-
Insecticide Resistance in dengue vectors
2010Co-Authors: Hilary Ranson, Joseph Burhani, Nongkran Lumjuan, William C. BlackAbstract:Background: Most national dengue control programmes rely extensively on Insecticides to control the mosquito vectors of this disease. Objectives: The objective of this review is to describe current knowledge of the extent of Insecticide Resistance in dengue vectors and the potential impact of this Resistance on control activities. Methods: We searched Web of Science and PubMed for studies that included data on Resistance to the four major classes of Insecticides: organochlorines, carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids, in the dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Insecticide bioassy data were extracted from the published literature and the methods used to obtain, analyse and interpret this data were critically evaluated. Emphasis was placed on the two Insecticide classes most widely used in dengue control, organophosphates and pyrethroids. The use of biochemical and molecular tools for Resistance monitoring was also reviewed. Results: 66 studies met our inclusion criteria and were uploaded on to a public databse (IRBase). There is a stong geographical bias in published studies with nearly half originating from three countries (Thailand, India and Brazil). Bioassay data demonstrates that Resistance to the organophosphate temephos and to pyrethroids is widespread in Ae. aegypti and Resistance has also been reported in Ae. albopictus. Assessing the impact of Insecticide Resistance on vector control is complicated by variations in the methodology used to measure and report Resistance, and by the lack of studies into the epidemiological consequences of insecticicde Resistance. Conclusions: The lack of publicly accessible standardized data sets dcoumenting levels of Insecticide Resistance in many dengue endemic countries, and the absence of studies on the operational impact of Resistance, preculdes a comprehensive analysis of the current global threat that Insecticide Resistance poses to dengue control. However, several countries with active Resistance monitoring programmes have shown that Insecticide Resistance is reducing our ability to control dengue vectors. This situation is likely to worsen unless effective strategies are rapidly implemented to mitigate these effects.
-
lessons from the past managing Insecticide Resistance in malaria control and eradication programmes
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2008Co-Authors: Louise A Kellyhope, Hilary Ranson, Janet HemingwayAbstract:The distribution of Insecticide-treated bednets to help combat the burden of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa has accelerated in the past 5 years. Additionally, many countries are also considering, or have already begun, indoor residual spraying campaigns. These are positive developments, since vector control has repeatedly proven to be an effective means of reducing malaria transmission. However, the sustainability of these Insecticide-based interventions relies on the continuing susceptibility of the anopheles vectors to the limited number of available Insecticides. Continual monitoring for early signs of Insecticide Resistance and the adoption of carefully considered Resistance management strategies are therefore required. Regrettably, this essential monitoring component is frequently given a low priority in the push to meet ambitious coverage targets. We outline the key requirements for establishing an Insecticide Resistance surveillance system and urge all those involved in malaria vector control, either directly or as facilitators, to ensure that these measures are incorporated into control programmes. Failure to act now will inevitably lead to a future breakdown in disease control and jeopardise hopes of eradicating this major public-health problem.
R N C Guedes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Insecticide Resistance in the tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta: patterns, spread, mechanisms, management and outlook
Journal of Pest Science, 2019Co-Authors: R N C Guedes, Emmanouil Roditakis, M. R. Campos, K. Haddi, P. Bielza, H. A. A. Siqueira, A. Tsagkarakou, J. Vontas, R. NauenAbstract:The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an invasive pest difficult to control. Insecticide application is quite common and remains the prevalent control method particularly in open-field cultivation systems. As a result, Insecticide Resistance to many chemical classes of Insecticides has been described both in South America and in Europe. The development of Insecticide Resistance is relatively fast in this species, and the main mechanisms involved are altered target-site sensitivity and/or enhanced detoxification, depending on the chemical class. However, Insecticide Resistance mechanisms do not differ between South America and Europe and are mainly due to simple genotype variations leading to high levels of Resistance. The presence of Resistance alleles at low frequency, especially against newer chemistry, is of major concern, as they tend to spread with the invasions making tomato pinworm particularly difficult to control. The monitoring methods and management programmes developed for the species benefited from the pro-activity of the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee and its country groups, particularly in Brazil and Spain. Bioassay methods were developed, Resistance monitoring activities initiated and Resistance management guidance was provided. The implementation of integrated control programmes and appropriate Resistance management strategies as part of such programs is of utmost importance to keep tomato pinworm infestations under economic damage thresholds, thus guaranteeing sustainable yields.
-
Insecticide Resistance and control failure likelihood of the whitefly bemisia tabaci meam1 b biotype a neotropical scenario
Annals of Applied Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Romulo Augusto Cotta Dângelo, R N C Guedes, M Micherefffilho, Mateus R Campos, P H S Da SilvaAbstract:Insecticide Resistance is a standing concern for arthropod pest species, which may result in Insecticide control failure. Nonetheless, while Insecticide Resistance has remained a focus of attention for decades, the incurring risk of Insecticide control failure has been neglected. The recognition of both problems is paramount for arthropod pest management and particularly so when invasive species notoriously difficult to control and exhibiting frequent cases of Insecticide Resistance are considered. Such is the case of the putative whitefly species Middle East-Asia Minor I (MEAM1) (Bemisia tabaci b-biotype), for which little information is available in the Neotropics.
-
sublethal exposure Insecticide Resistance and community stress
Current opinion in insect science, 2017Co-Authors: R N C Guedes, Spencer S Walse, James E ThroneAbstract:Insecticides are an invaluable pest management tool and anthropogenic stressors of widespread environmental occurrence that are subject to biased perceptions based on the targeted application, market value of use, and regulatory requirements. As a result, short-term and simplistic efforts focusing on lethal effects toward individual species and populations prevail. Holistic and comprehensive studies exploring rather common sublethal Insecticide exposures are rare, particularly considering their potential role in structuring populations and communities in diverse environmental settings and potentially interfering in a range of ecological interactions. Studies on Insecticide Resistance, for example, do not go beyond population-based studies, disregarding temporal and spatial effects in the associated community, and rarely considering the whole of sublethal exposure. Some of these knowledge gaps are here recognized and explored.
-
control failure likelihood and spatial dependence of Insecticide Resistance in the tomato pinworm tuta absoluta
Pest Management Science, 2011Co-Authors: Gerson Adriano Silva, Marcelo Coutinho Picanco, Leandro Bacci, Andre L B Crespo, Jander Fagundes Rosado, R N C GuedesAbstract:BACKGROUND: Insecticide Resistance is a likely cause of field control failures of Tuta absoluta, but the subject has been little studied. Therefore, Resistance to ten Insecticides was surveyed in seven representative field populations of this species. The likelihood of control failures was assessed, as well as weather influence and the spatial dependence of Insecticide Resistance. RESULTS: No Resistance or only low Resistance levels were observed for pyrethroids (bifenthrin and permethrin), abamectin, spinosad, Bacillus thuringiensis and the mixture deltamethrin + triazophos (<12.5-fold). In contrast, indoxacarb exhibited moderate levels of Resistance (up to 27.5-fold), and chitin synthesis inhibitors exhibited moderate to high levels of Resistance (up to 222.3-fold). Evidence of control failures was obtained for bifenthrin, permethrin, diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron and B. thuringiensis. Weather conditions favour Resistance to some Insecticides, and spatial dependence was observed only for bifenthrin and permethrin. CONCLUSION: Insecticide Resistance in field populations of the tomato pinworm prevails for the Insecticides nowadays most frequently used against them—the chitin synthesis inhibitors (diflubenzuron, triflumuron and teflubenzuron). Local selection favoured by weather conditions and dispersal seem important for pyrethroid Resistance evolution among Brazilian populations of T. absoluta and should be considered in designing pest management programmes. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
-
control failure likelihood and spatial dependence of Insecticide Resistance in the tomato pinworm tuta absoluta
Pest Management Science, 2011Co-Authors: Gerson Adriano Silva, Marcelo Coutinho Picanco, Leandro Bacci, Andre L B Crespo, Jander Fagundes Rosado, R N C GuedesAbstract:BACKGROUND: Insecticide Resistance is a likely cause of field control failures of Tuta absoluta, but the subject has been little studied. Therefore, Resistance to ten Insecticides was surveyed in seven representative field populations of this species. The likelihood of control failures was assessed, as well as weather influence and the spatial dependence of Insecticide Resistance. RESULTS: No Resistance or only low Resistance levels were observed for pyrethroids (bifenthrin and permethrin), abamectin, spinosad, Bacillus thuringiensis and the mixture deltamethrin + triazophos (<12.5-fold). In contrast, indoxacarb exhibited moderate levels of Resistance (up to 27.5-fold), and chitin synthesis inhibitors exhibited moderate to high levels of Resistance (up to 222.3-fold). Evidence of control failures was obtained for bifenthrin, permethrin, diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron and B. thuringiensis. Weather conditions favour Resistance to some Insecticides, and spatial dependence was observed only for bifenthrin and permethrin. CONCLUSION: Insecticide Resistance in field populations of the tomato pinworm prevails for the Insecticides nowadays most frequently used against them—the chitin synthesis inhibitors (diflubenzuron, triflumuron and teflubenzuron). Local selection favoured by weather conditions and dispersal seem important for pyrethroid Resistance evolution among Brazilian populations of T. absoluta and should be considered in designing pest management programmes. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Maureen Coetzee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
averting a malaria disaster will Insecticide Resistance derail malaria control
The Lancet, 2016Co-Authors: Janet Hemingway, Maureen Coetzee, Hilary Ranson, Alan J Magill, Jan H Kolaczinski, Christen Fornadel, John E Gimnig, Frederic Simard, Dabire K Roch, Clement Kerah HinzoumbeAbstract:World Malaria Day 2015 highlighted the progress made in the development of new methods of prevention (vaccines and Insecticides) and treatment (single dose drugs) of the disease. However, increasing drug and Insecticide Resistance threatens the successes made with existing methods. Insecticide Resistance has decreased the efficacy of the most commonly used Insecticide class of pyrethroids. This decreased efficacy has increased mosquito survival, which is a prelude to rising incidence of malaria and fatalities. Despite intensive research efforts, new Insecticides will not reach the market for at least 5 years. Elimination of malaria is not possible without effective mosquito control. Therefore, to combat the threat of Resistance, key stakeholders need to rapidly embrace a multifaceted approach including a reduction in the cost of bringing new Resistance management methods to market and the streamlining of associated development, policy, and implementation pathways to counter this looming public health catastrophe.
-
vectorial status and Insecticide Resistance of anopheles funestus from a sugar estate in southern mozambique
Parasites & Vectors, 2011Co-Authors: Maureen Coetzee, Graham R Kloke, Eduardo Nhamahanga, R. H. HuntAbstract:Background The dual problems of rising Insecticide Resistance in the malaria vectors and increasing human malaria cases since 2001 in southern Mozambique are cause for serious concern. The selection of Insecticides for use in indoor residual spraying (IRS) programmes is highly dependent on the extent to which local mosquitoes are susceptible to the approved classes of Insecticides. The Insecticide Resistance status and role in malaria transmission of Anopheles funestus was evaluated at the Maragra Sugar Estate in southern Mozambique where an IRS vector control programme has been in operation for seven years using the carbamate Insecticide bendiocarb.
-
fungal infection counters Insecticide Resistance in african malaria mosquitoes
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009Co-Authors: Marit Farenhorst, R. H. Hunt, Joel C Mouatcho, Christophe K Kikankie, Basil D Brooke, Matthew B Thomas, Lizette L Koekemoer, Bart G J Knols, Maureen CoetzeeAbstract:The evolution of Insecticide Resistance in mosquitoes is threatening the effectiveness and sustainability of malaria control programs in various parts of the world. Through their unique mode of action, entomopathogenic fungi provide promising alternatives to chemical control. However, potential interactions between fungal infection and Insecticide Resistance, such as cross-Resistance, have not been investigated. We show that Insecticide-resistant Anopheles mosquitoes remain susceptible to infection with the fungus Beauveria bassiana. Four different mosquito strains with high Resistance levels against pyrethroids, organochlorines, or carbamates were equally susceptible to B. bassiana infection as their baseline counterparts, showing significantly reduced mosquito survival. Moreover, fungal infection reduced the expression of Resistance to the key public health Insecticides permethrin and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane. Mosquitoes preinfected with B. bassiana or Metarhizium anisopliae showed a significant increase in mortality after Insecticide exposure compared with uninfected control mosquitoes. Our results show a high potential utility of fungal biopesticides for complementing existing vector control measures and provide products for use in Resistance management strategies.
Vincent Corbel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
management of Insecticide Resistance in the major aedes vectors of arboviruses advances and challenges
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Isabelle Dusfour, John Vontas, Vincent Corbel, Dina M Fonseca, David Weetman, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Jeanphilippe David, K Raghavendra, Ademir Jesus MartinsAbstract:Background The landscape of mosquito-borne disease risk has changed dramatically in recent decades, due to the emergence and reemergence of urban transmission cycles driven by invasive Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Insecticide Resistance is already widespread in the yellow fever mosquito, Ae. Aegypti; is emerging in the Asian tiger mosquito Ae. Albopictus; and is now threatening the global fight against human arboviral diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika. Because the panel of Insecticides available for public health is limited, it is of primary importance to preserve the efficacy of existing and upcoming active ingredients. Timely implementation of Insecticide Resistance management (IRM) is crucial to maintain the arsenal of effective public health Insecticides and sustain arbovirus vector control. Methodology and principal findings This Review is one of a series being generated by the Worldwide Insecticide Resistance Network (WIN) and aims at defining the principles and concepts underlying IRM, identifying the main factors affecting the evolution of Resistance, and evaluating the value of existing tools for Resistance monitoring. Based on the lessons taken from Resistance strategies used for other vector species and agricultural pests, we propose a framework for the implementation of IRM strategies for Aedes mosquito vectors. Conclusions and significance Although IRM should be a fixture of all vector control programs, it is currently often absent from the strategic plans to control mosquito-borne diseases, especially arboviruses. Experiences from other public health disease vectors and agricultural pests underscore the need for urgent action in implementing IRM for invasive Aedes mosquitoes. Based on a plan developed for malaria vectors, here we propose some key activities to establish a global plan for IRM in Aedes spp. Author summary Arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus represent a major public health concern at a global scale. The insecticidal treatments exerted on both species have selected for various Resistance mechanisms within wild populations. Although the impact of Insecticide Resistance on the efficacy of vector control operations remains broadly unknown, it is of primary importance to implement strategies for preserving the efficacy of treatments and reducing the pathogen transmission during epidemics. For this purpose, there are urgent needs for new tools for vector control and Insecticide Resistance monitoring to improve the management of Insecticide Resistance in Aedes species.
-
second win international conference on integrated approaches and innovative tools for combating Insecticide Resistance in vectors of arboviruses october 2018 singapore
Parasites & Vectors, 2019Co-Authors: Vincent Corbel, Fabrice Chandre, Nicole L. Achee, Isabelle Dusfour, Dina M Fonseca, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Jeanphilippe David, Claire Durot, Gregor J Devine, John GriegoAbstract:The past 40 years have seen a dramatic emergence of epidemic arboviral diseases transmitted primarily by mosquitoes. The frequency and magnitude of the epidemics, especially those transmitted by urban Aedes species, have progressively increased over time, accelerating in the past 10 years. To reduce the burden and threat of vector-borne diseases, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recently adopted the Global Vector Control Response (GVCR) in order to support countries in implementing effective sustainable vector control. The evidence-base to support vector control is however limited for arboviral diseases which make prioritization difficult. Knowledge gaps in the distribution, mechanisms and impact of Insecticide Resistance on vector control impedes the implementation of locally tailored Aedes control measures. This report summarizes the main outputs of the second international conference of the Worldwide Insecticide Resistance Network (WIN) on “Integrated approaches and innovative tools for combating Insecticide Resistance in arbovirus vectors” held in Singapore, 1–3 October 2018. The aims of the conference were to review progress and achievements made in Insecticide Resistance surveillance worldwide, and to discuss the potential of integrated vector management and innovative technologies for efficiently controlling arboviral diseases. The conference brought together 150 participants from 26 countries.
-
contemporary status of Insecticide Resistance in the major aedes vectors of arboviruses infecting humans
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Catherine L. Moyes, Joao Pinto, John Vontas, Isabelle Dusfour, Vincent Corbel, K Raghavendra, Ademir Jesus Martins, Sin Ying Koou, Jeanphilippe DavidAbstract:Both Aedes aegytpi and Ae. albopictus are major vectors of 5 important arboviruses (namely chikungunya virus, dengue virus, Rift Valley fever virus, yellow fever virus, and Zika virus), making these mosquitoes an important factor in the worldwide burden of infectious disease. Vector control using Insecticides coupled with larval source reduction is critical to control the transmission of these viruses to humans but is threatened by the emergence of Insecticide Resistance. Here, we review the available evidence for the geographical distribution of Insecticide Resistance in these 2 major vectors worldwide and map the data collated for the 4 main classes of neurotoxic Insecticide (carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates, and pyrethroids). Emerging Resistance to all 4 of these Insecticide classes has been detected in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Target-site mutations and increased Insecticide detoxification have both been linked to Resistance in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus but more work is required to further elucidate metabolic mechanisms and develop robust diagnostic assays. Geographical distributions are provided for the mechanisms that have been shown to be important to date. Estimating Insecticide Resistance in unsampled locations is hampered by a lack of standardisation in the diagnostic tools used and by a lack of data in a number of regions for both Resistance phenotypes and genotypes. The need for increased sampling using standard methods is critical to tackle the issue of emerging Insecticide Resistance threatening human health. Specifically, diagnostic doses and well-characterised susceptible strains are needed for the full range of Insecticides used to control Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus to standardise measurement of the resistant phenotype, and calibrated diagnostic assays are needed for the major mechanisms of Resistance.
-
International workshop on Insecticide Resistance in vectors of arboviruses, December 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Parasites & Vectors, 2017Co-Authors: Vincent Corbel, Joseph Grieco, Fabrice Chandre, Joao Pinto, Nicole L. Achee, Isabelle Dusfour, Dina M Fonseca, David Weetman, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Waraporn JuntarajumnongAbstract:Vector-borne diseases transmitted by insect vectors such as mosquitoes occur in over 100 countries and affect almost half of the world’s population. Dengue is currently the most prevalent arboviral disease but chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever show increasing prevalence and severity. Vector control, mainly by the use of Insecticides, play a key role in disease prevention but the use of the same chemicals for more than 40 years, together with the dissemination of mosquitoes by trade and environmental changes, resulted in the global spread of Insecticide Resistance. In this context, innovative tools and strategies for vector control, including the management of Resistance, are urgently needed. This report summarizes the main outputs of the first international workshop on Insecticide Resistance in vectors of arboviruses held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 5–8 December 2016. The primary aims of this workshop were to identify strategies for the development and implementation of standardized Insecticide Resistance management, also to allow comparisons across nations and across time, and to define research priorities for control of vectors of arboviruses. The workshop brought together 163 participants from 28 nationalities and was accessible, live, through the web (> 70,000 web-accesses over 3 days).
-
Insecticide Resistance in the dengue vector aedes aegypti from martinique distribution mechanisms and relations with environmental factors
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Sebastien Marcombe, Romain Blanc Mathieu, Nicolas Pocquet, Muhammadasam Riaz, Rodolphe Poupardin, Serge Selior, Frederic Darriet, Stephane Reynaud, Andre Yebakima, Vincent CorbelAbstract:Dengue is an important mosquito borne viral disease in Martinique Island (French West Indies). The viruses responsible for dengue are transmitted by Aedes aegypti, an indoor day-biting mosquito. The most effective proven method for disease prevention has been by vector control by various chemical or biological means. Unfortunately Insecticide Resistance has already been observed on the Island and recently showed to significantly reduce the efficacy of vector control interventions. In this study, we investigated the distribution of Resistance and the underlying mechanisms in nine Ae. aegypti populations. Statistical multifactorial approach was used to investigate the correlations between Insecticide Resistance levels, associated mechanisms and environmental factors characterizing the mosquito populations. Bioassays revealed high levels of Resistance to temephos and deltamethrin and susceptibility to Bti in the 9 populations tested. Biochemical assays showed elevated detoxification enzyme activities of monooxygenases, carboxylesterases and glutathione S-tranferases in most of the populations. Molecular screening for common Insecticide target-site mutations, revealed the presence of the "knock-down Resistance" V1016I Kdr mutation at high frequency (>87%). Real time quantitative RT-PCR showed the potential involvement of several candidate detoxification genes in Insecticide Resistance. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) performed with variables characterizing Ae. aegypti from Martinique permitted to underline potential links existing between Resistance distribution and other variables such as agriculture practices, vector control interventions and urbanization. Insecticide Resistance is widespread but not homogeneously distributed across Martinique. The influence of environmental and operational factors on the evolution of the Resistance and mechanisms are discussed.