The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andrew M. Ryan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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grade pending the effect of the new york city restaurant sanitary grades Inspection Program on salmonellosis
Journal of Public Health, 2020Co-Authors: Sam Krinsky, Josh Errickson, Andrew M. RyanAbstract:New York City began public reporting of restaurant sanitary Inspection grades in 2010. The policy’s impact on the incidence of foodborne illness has not been previously studied. We used a retrospective cohort design to evaluate whether the introduction of sanitary grades in 2010 reduced the incidence of Salmonellosis. To estimate the policy impact, we performed a difference-in-differences analysis in which in New York City was compared to a “synthetic control group” consisting of a weighted sample of comparison geographies. We evaluated reported Salmonellosis cases from April 2003 through December 2015 from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDS) (National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, Weekly Tables of Infectious Disease Data n.d.). Our main outcome measure was quarterly risk-adjusted cases of reported Salmonellosis per 100,000 residents. Results of our difference-in-differences analysis found that the New York City restaurant sanitary grades Program was associated with a non-significant reduction in risk-adjusted cases of reported Salmonellosis per 100,000 (−0.31, 95% confidence interval = (−1.41, 0.80)). This finding was robust across all specifications. Consistent with recent evidence that public reporting has had little impact on public health, public reporting of restaurant sanitary Inspection grades did not appear to decrease the incidence of Salmonellosis.
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grade pending lessons for hospital quality reporting from the new york city restaurant sanitation Inspection Program
Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Andrew M. Ryan, Allan S DetskyAbstract:Public quality reporting Programs have been widely implemented in hospitals in an effort to improve quality and safety. One such Program is Hospital Compare, Medicare's national quality reporting Program for US hospitals. The New York City sanitary grade Inspection Program is a parallel effort for restaurants. The aims of Hospital Compare and the New York City sanitary Inspection Program are fundamentally similar: to address a common market failure resulting from consumers' lack of information on quality and safety. However, by displaying easily understandable information at the point of service, the New York City sanitary Inspection Program is better designed to encourage informed consumer decision making. We argue that this Program holds important lessons for public quality reporting of US hospitals.
Zhiqiang Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bridging the Semantic Gap in Virtual Machine Introspection via Online Kernel Data Redirection
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security, 2013Co-Authors: Zhiqiang LinAbstract:It is generally believed to be a tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone process to develop a virtual machine introspection (VMI) tool because of the semantic gap. Recent advance shows that the semantic-gap can be largely narrowed by reusing the executed code from a trusted OS kernel. However, the limitation for such an approach is that it only reuses the exercised code through a training process, which suffers the code coverage issues. Thus, in this article, we present Vmst, a new technique that can seamlessly bridge the semantic gap and automatically generate the VMI tools. The key idea is that, through system wide instruction monitoring, Vmst automatically identifies the introspection related data from a secure-VM and online redirects these data accesses to the kernel memory of a product-VM, without any training. Vmst offers a number of new features and capabilities. Particularly, it enables an in-VM Inspection Program (e.g., ps) to automatically become an out-of-VM introspection Program. We have tested Vmst with over 25 commonly used utilities on top of a number of different OS kernels including Linux and Microsoft Windows. The experimental results show that our technique is general (largely OS-independent), and it introduces 9.3X overhead for Linux utilities and 19.6X overhead for Windows utilities on average for the introspected Program compared to the native in-VM execution without data redirection.
Timothy C. Haab - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Welfare Effects of Pfiesteria-Related Fish Kills in Seafood Markets: A Contingent Behavior Analysis.” Agricultural and Resource Economic Review
2015Co-Authors: George R. Parsons, John C. Whitehead, Ash Morgan, Timothy C. HaabAbstract:We use contingent behavior analysis to study the effects of pfiesteria-related fish kills on the demand for seafood in the Mid-Atlantic region. We estimate a set of demand difference mod-els based on individual responses to questions about seafood consumption in the presence of fish kills and with different amounts of information provided about health risks. We use a ran-dom-effects Tobit model to control for correlation across each observation and to account for censoring. We find that (i) pfiesteria-related fish kills have a significant negative effect on the demand for seafood even though the fish kills pose no known threat to consumers through sea-food consumption, (ii) seafood consumers are not responsive to expert risk information de-signed to reassure them that seafood is safe in the presence of a fish kill, and (iii) a mandatory seafood Inspection Program largely eliminates the welfare loss incurred due to misinformation
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The Welfare Effects of Pfiesteria-Related Fish Kills: A Contingent Behavior Analysis of Seafood Consumers
Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, 2006Co-Authors: George R. Parsons, Ash O. Morgan, John C. Whitehead, Timothy C. HaabAbstract:We use contingent behavior analysis to study the effects of pfiesteria-related fish kills on the demand for seafood in the Mid-Atlantic region. We estimate a set of demand difference models based on individual responses to questions about seafood consumption in the presence of fish kills and with different amounts of information provided about health risks. We use a random-effects Tobit model to control for correlation across each observation and to account for censoring. We find that (i) pfiesteria-related fish kills have a significant negative effect on the demand for seafood even though the fish kills pose no known threat to consumers through seafood consumption, (ii) seafood consumers are not responsive to expert risk information designed to reassure them that seafood is safe in the presence of a fish kill, and (iii) a mandatory seafood Inspection Program largely eliminates the welfare loss incurred due to misinformation.
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The Welfare Effects of Pfiesteria-Related Fish Kills in Seafood Markets: A Contingent Behavior Analysis
2005Co-Authors: George R. Parsons, Ash O. Morgan, John C. Whitehead, Timothy C. HaabAbstract:We use contingent behavior analysis to study the effects of Pfiesteria related fish kills on the demand for seafood in the Mid-Atlantic region. We use a phone-mail-phone survey to look at the effects of various information provision mechanisms used to ameliorate the effects of misinformation regarding fish kills. A set of demand difference models are estimated based on individual responses to multiple questions about seafood consumption with and without fish kills present and with various health risk information treatments. Random effects Tobit models are used to control for the panel nature of responses and natural censoring of the stated responses. We find that 1) Pfiesteria related fish kills have a significant negative effect on the demand for seafood, 2) seafood consumers are nonresponsive to expert risk information designed to reassure consumers that seafood is safe in the presence of a fish kill, and 3) a mandatory seafood Inspection Program completely eliminates avoidance costs incurred due to misinformation. We estimate that the aggregate avoidance costs incurred in the month immediately following a Pfiesteria related fish kill is $50-$130 million.
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A Contingent Behavior Analysis of Seafood Consumers
2005Co-Authors: George R. Parsons, Ash O. Morgan, John C. Whitehead, Timothy C. HaabAbstract:We used contingent behavior analysis to study the effects of pfiesteria-related fish kills on the demand for seafood in the Mid-Atlantic region. We estimated a set demand difference models based on individual responses to questions about seafood consumption in the presence of fish kills and with different amounts of information provided about health risks. We used a random-effects Tobit model to control for correlation across each observation and to account for censoring. We found that 1) pfiesteria-related fish kills had a significant negative effect on the demand for seafood even though the fish kills pose no known threat to consumers through seafood consumption, 2) seafood consumers were not responsive to expert risk information designed to reassure them that seafood is safe in the presence of a fish kill, and 3) a mandatory seafood Inspection Program largely eliminated the welfare loss incurred due to misinformation. Key words: pfiesteria, seafood demand, non-market valuation
Allan S Detsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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grade pending lessons for hospital quality reporting from the new york city restaurant sanitation Inspection Program
Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Andrew M. Ryan, Allan S DetskyAbstract:Public quality reporting Programs have been widely implemented in hospitals in an effort to improve quality and safety. One such Program is Hospital Compare, Medicare's national quality reporting Program for US hospitals. The New York City sanitary grade Inspection Program is a parallel effort for restaurants. The aims of Hospital Compare and the New York City sanitary Inspection Program are fundamentally similar: to address a common market failure resulting from consumers' lack of information on quality and safety. However, by displaying easily understandable information at the point of service, the New York City sanitary Inspection Program is better designed to encourage informed consumer decision making. We argue that this Program holds important lessons for public quality reporting of US hospitals.
Andrej Atrens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of service stress corrosion cracking in a natural gas transmission pipeline active or dormant
Engineering Failure Analysis, 2004Co-Authors: Joseph Wang, Andrej AtrensAbstract:Abstract Stress corrosion cracks (SCC) had been found in a natural gas transmission pipeline during a dig-up and Inspection Program. The question was raised as to whether the SCC was active or dormant. This paper describes the resultant investigation to determine if a particular service crack was actively growing. The strategy adopted was to assess the appearance of the fracture surface of the service crack and to compare with expectations from laboratory specimens with active SCC. The conclusions from this study are as follows. To judge whether a crack in the service pipe is active or dormant, it is reasonable to compare the very crack tip of the service crack and a fresh crack in a laboratory sample. If the crack tip of the active laboratory sample is similar to that of the service pipe, it means the crack in the service pipe is likely to be active. From the comparison of the crack tip between the service pipe and the laboratory samples, it appears likely that the cracks in the samples extracted from service were most likely to have been active intergranular stress corrosion cracks.
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Analysis of service stress corrosion cracking in a natural gas transmission pipeline, active or dormant?
Engineering Failure Analysis, 2004Co-Authors: Joseph Wang, Andrej AtrensAbstract:Stress corrosion cracks (SCC) had been found in a natural gas transmission pipeline during a dig-up and Inspection Program. The question was raised as to whether the SCC was active or dormant. This paper describes the resultant investigation to determine if a particular service crack was actively growing. The strategy adopted was to assess the appearance of the fracture surface of the service crack and to compare with expectations from laboratory specimens with active SCC. The conclusions from this study are as follows. To judge whether a crack in the service pipe is active or dormant, it is reasonable to compare the very crack tip of the service crack and a fresh crack in a laboratory sample. If the crack tip of the active laboratory sample is similar to that of the service pipe, it means the crack in the service pipe is likely to be active. From the comparison of the crack tip between the service pipe and the laboratory samples, it appears likely that the cracks in the samples extracted from service were most likely to have been active intergranular stress corrosion cracks. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
