The Experts below are selected from a list of 57 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Guowen Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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performance study of protective clothing against hot water splashes from bench scale test to Instrumented Manikin test
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2015Co-Authors: Guowen Song, Faming WangAbstract:Hot liquid hazards existing in work environments are shown to be a considerable risk for industrial workers. In this study, the predicted protection from fabric was assessed by a modified hot liquid splash tester. In these tests, conditions with and without an air spacer were applied. The protective perfor mance of a garment exposed to hot water spray was investigated by a spray Manikin evaluation system. Three-dimensional body scanning technique was used to characterize the air gap size between the pro tective clothing and the Manikin skin. The relationship between bench scale test and Manikin test was discussed and the regression model was established to predict the overall percentage of skin burn while wearing protective clothing. The results demonstrated strong correlations between bench scale test and Manikin test. Based on these studies, the overall performance of protective clothing against hot water spray can be estimated on the basis of the results of the bench scale hot water splashes test and the information of air gap size entrapped in clothing. The findings provide effective guides for the design and material selection while developing high performance protective clothing.
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Analysing Performance of Protective Clothing upon Hot Liquid Exposure Using Instrumented Spray Manikin
The Annals of occupational hygiene, 2013Co-Authors: Guowen SongAbstract:Hot liquid hazards existing in work environments present a common risk in workplace safety in numerous industries. In this study, a newly developed Instrumented Manikin system was used to assess the protective performance provided by protective clothing against hot liquid splash. The skin burn injury and its distribution for the selected clothing system were predicted and the effects of clothing design features (fabric properties and garment size) on protective performance were investigated. The air gap size and distribution existing between protective clothing and human skin were characterized using 3D body scanning, and their relation to skin burn injury was identified. The mechanism associated with heat and mass transfer under exposure to hot liquid splashes was discussed. The findings provided technical bases to improve the performance of protective clothing. For protective clothing design, minimizing mass transfer through clothing system is very important to provide high performance. Keeping the air gap between the garment and the human body is an essential approach to improve thermal performance. This can be achieved by proper design in size and fit, or applying functional textile materials.
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modeling the thermal protective performance of heat resistant garments in flash fire exposures
Textile Research Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Guowen Song, Patirop Chitrphiromsri, Hechmi Hamouda, A. V. Kuznetsov, Roger L. Barker, R GrimesAbstract:This research developes a numerical model to predict skin burn injury resulting from heat transfer through a protective garment worn by an Instrumented Manikin exposed to laboratory-controlled flash fire exposures. This model incorporates characteristics of the simulated flash fire generated in the chamber and the heat-induced changes in fabric thermophysical properties. The model also accounts for clothing air layers between the garment and the Manikin. The model is validated using an Instrumented Manikin fire test system. Results from the numerical model help contribute to a better understanding of the heat transfer process in protective garments exposed to intense flash fires, and to establishing systematic methods for engineering materials and garments to produce optimum thermal protective performance.
Faming Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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performance study of protective clothing against hot water splashes from bench scale test to Instrumented Manikin test
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2015Co-Authors: Guowen Song, Faming WangAbstract:Hot liquid hazards existing in work environments are shown to be a considerable risk for industrial workers. In this study, the predicted protection from fabric was assessed by a modified hot liquid splash tester. In these tests, conditions with and without an air spacer were applied. The protective perfor mance of a garment exposed to hot water spray was investigated by a spray Manikin evaluation system. Three-dimensional body scanning technique was used to characterize the air gap size between the pro tective clothing and the Manikin skin. The relationship between bench scale test and Manikin test was discussed and the regression model was established to predict the overall percentage of skin burn while wearing protective clothing. The results demonstrated strong correlations between bench scale test and Manikin test. Based on these studies, the overall performance of protective clothing against hot water spray can be estimated on the basis of the results of the bench scale hot water splashes test and the information of air gap size entrapped in clothing. The findings provide effective guides for the design and material selection while developing high performance protective clothing.
Gavin D Perkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of chest compression rates on quality of chest compressions a Manikin study
Resuscitation, 2012Co-Authors: Richard A Field, Jasmeet Soar, Robin P Davies, Naheed Akhtar, Gavin D PerkinsAbstract:PURPOSE Chest compressions are often performed at a variable rate during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The effect of compression rate on other chest compression quality variables (compression depth, duty-cycle, leaning, performance decay over time) is unknown. This randomised controlled cross-over Manikin study examined the effect of different compression rates on the other chest compression quality variables. METHODS Twenty healthcare professionals performed 2 min of continuous compressions on an Instrumented Manikin at rates of 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 min(-1) in a random order. An electronic metronome was used to guide compression rate. Compression data were analysed by repeated measures ANOVA and are presented as mean (SD). Non-parametric data was analysed by Friedman test. RESULTS At faster compression rates there were significant improvements in the number of compressions delivered (160(2) at 80 min(-1) vs. 312(13) compressions at 160 min(-1), P<0.001); and compression duty-cycle (43(6)% at 80 min(-1) vs. 50(7)% at 160 min(-1), P<0.001). This was at the cost of a significant reduction in compression depth (39.5(10)mm at 80 min(-1) vs. 34.5(11)mm at 160 min(-1), P<0.001); and earlier decay in compression quality (median decay point 120 s at 80 min(-1) vs. 40s at 160 min(-1), P<0.001). Additionally not all participants achieved the target rate (100% at 80 min(-1) vs. 70% at 160 min(-1)). Rates above 120 min(-1) had the greatest impact on reducing chest compression quality. CONCLUSIONS For Guidelines 2005 trained rescuers, a chest compression rate of 100-120 min(-1) for 2 min is feasible whilst maintaining adequate chest compression quality in terms of depth, duty-cycle, leaning, and decay in compression performance. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of the Guidelines 2010 recommendation for deeper and faster chest compressions.
Martin Descarreaux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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learning spinal manipulation a comparison of two teaching models
The Journal of Chiropractic Education, 2011Co-Authors: Mariepierre Harvey, Shari Wynd, Lance Richardson, Claude Dugas, Martin DescarreauxAbstract:Purpose: The goal of the present study was to quantify the high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation biomechanical parameters in two cohorts of students from different teaching institutions. The first cohort of students was taught chiropractic techniques in a patient–doctor positioning practice setting, while the second cohort of students was taught in a “complete practice” manipulation setting, thus performing spinal manipulation skills on fellow student colleagues. It was hypothesized that the students exposed to complete practice would perform the standardized spinal manipulation with better biomechanical parameters. Methods: Participants (n = 88) were students enrolled in two distinct chiropractic programs. Thoracic spine manipulation skills were assessed using an Instrumented Manikin, which allowed the measurement of applied force. Dependent variables included peak force, time to peak force, rate of force production, peak force variability, and global coordination. Results: The results reveale...
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learning spinal manipulation skills assessment of biomechanical parameters in a 5 year longitudinal study
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 2010Co-Authors: Martin Descarreaux, Claude DugasAbstract:Abstract Objective Teaching spinal manipulation (SM) is a fundamental aspect of chiropractic training. Recent works have identified various biomechanical variables as indicators of SM performance and learning. However, only data from cross-sectional studies are available, limiting conclusions regarding the persistence of SM performance over the years. Therefore, the main objective of this investigation was to quantify the evolution of biomechanical parameters of SM over a 5-year learning period. Methods Thirty-three students enrolled in a chiropractic program participated in the present study. They were tested each year at the beginning of each fall semester by performing 10 SMs on an Instrumented Manikin while standing on a force plate. The procedure allowed us to measure various force-time parameters. Results Overall, significant time effects were noted for most dependent variables. The results indicated rapid improvement in the peak force applied and the rate of force production during the first 2 years. Time to peak force decreased drastically during the first year, whereas preload forces reached satisfactory levels during the third year. When various force-time requirements of bimanual task components were met, learners significantly reduced trial-to-trial variability of SM peak and preload forces, indicating automaticity of performance. Although global coordination improved in all learning processes, it was only in the later phase that learners reached values approaching those of experts. Conclusion Overall, these results highlighted the importance of considering learning principles in the development of didactic strategies related to SM motor skills.
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learning spinal manipulation the importance of augmented feedback relating to various kinetic parameters
The Spine Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Martin Descarreaux, Claude Dugas, Kim Lalanne, Mireille Vincelette, Martin C NormandAbstract:Abstract Background context Spinal manipulation is a widely accepted therapeutic approach in the treatment of back pain. In standard training programs, feedback on student performances is provided by an instructor based on teaching and clinical experience. Systematic study of the type of augmented feedback provided and skill learning is lacking in the literature. Purpose The goal of this investigation is to compare the performance of two groups of chiropractic students, one receiving traditional training from experienced instructors, and the other, augmented feedback on specific biomechanical aspects of spinal manipulation therapy using an Instrumented Manikin. Study design Randomized controlled study. Patient sample Thirty-one fourth-year students from the Department of Chiropractic of Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres participated in this study. Outcome measures Kinetic parameters (force-time curves) of spinal manipulation were evaluated. Methods Spinal manipulation parameters were measured before and after a 5-week training period in which one group received standard chiropractic training while a second group received augmented feedback about specific biomechanical parameters of spinal manipulation. For both groups, practice scheduling and time duration were similar and consisted of a weekly practice session of 90 minutes for five consecutive weeks. Both groups had to practice thoracic spine manipulation throughout the training period. Results Both groups showed a decrease in peak force applied, with a diminution in the number of trials where a downward incisural point was present in preload force. Participants in the feedback training group significantly reduced their peak force variability and significantly increased their preload force. No significant difference was observed for time to peak force. Conclusions The results of this study highlight the merits of practicing with an Instrumented Manikin or other Instrumented training aids. Such a device can provide specific feedback on specific parameters of the task during learning; it can also serve as a tool to assess the progress of students and eliminate the risks relating to repetitive spinal manipulative therapy practice on student colleagues.
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kinetic analysis of expertise in spinal manipulative therapy using an Instrumented Manikin
Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Martin Descarreaux, Claude Dugas, Jean Raymond, Martin C NormandAbstract:Objective The goals of this study were to measure the kinetic profile of thrust in different groups of subjects with various levels of expertise and to quantify general coordination while performing thoracic spine manipulation.
Martin C Normand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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learning spinal manipulation the importance of augmented feedback relating to various kinetic parameters
The Spine Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Martin Descarreaux, Claude Dugas, Kim Lalanne, Mireille Vincelette, Martin C NormandAbstract:Abstract Background context Spinal manipulation is a widely accepted therapeutic approach in the treatment of back pain. In standard training programs, feedback on student performances is provided by an instructor based on teaching and clinical experience. Systematic study of the type of augmented feedback provided and skill learning is lacking in the literature. Purpose The goal of this investigation is to compare the performance of two groups of chiropractic students, one receiving traditional training from experienced instructors, and the other, augmented feedback on specific biomechanical aspects of spinal manipulation therapy using an Instrumented Manikin. Study design Randomized controlled study. Patient sample Thirty-one fourth-year students from the Department of Chiropractic of Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres participated in this study. Outcome measures Kinetic parameters (force-time curves) of spinal manipulation were evaluated. Methods Spinal manipulation parameters were measured before and after a 5-week training period in which one group received standard chiropractic training while a second group received augmented feedback about specific biomechanical parameters of spinal manipulation. For both groups, practice scheduling and time duration were similar and consisted of a weekly practice session of 90 minutes for five consecutive weeks. Both groups had to practice thoracic spine manipulation throughout the training period. Results Both groups showed a decrease in peak force applied, with a diminution in the number of trials where a downward incisural point was present in preload force. Participants in the feedback training group significantly reduced their peak force variability and significantly increased their preload force. No significant difference was observed for time to peak force. Conclusions The results of this study highlight the merits of practicing with an Instrumented Manikin or other Instrumented training aids. Such a device can provide specific feedback on specific parameters of the task during learning; it can also serve as a tool to assess the progress of students and eliminate the risks relating to repetitive spinal manipulative therapy practice on student colleagues.
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kinetic analysis of expertise in spinal manipulative therapy using an Instrumented Manikin
Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Martin Descarreaux, Claude Dugas, Jean Raymond, Martin C NormandAbstract:Objective The goals of this study were to measure the kinetic profile of thrust in different groups of subjects with various levels of expertise and to quantify general coordination while performing thoracic spine manipulation.