The Experts below are selected from a list of 30597 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Colin G. Deyoung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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openness to experience and Intellect differentially predict creative achievement in the arts and sciences
Journal of Personality, 2016Co-Authors: Scott Barry Kaufman, Jordan B. Peterson, Jeremy R. Gray, Lena C Quilty, Jacob B Hirsh, Rachael G Grazioplene, Colin G. DeyoungAbstract:: The Big Five personality dimension Openness/Intellect is the trait most closely associated with creativity and creative achievement. Little is known, however, regarding the discriminant validity of its two aspects-Openness to Experience (reflecting cognitive engagement with perception, fantasy, aesthetics, and emotions) and Intellect (reflecting cognitive engagement with abstract and semantic information, primarily through reasoning)-in relation to creativity. In four demographically diverse samples totaling 1,035 participants, we investigated the independent predictive validity of Openness and Intellect by assessing the relations among cognitive ability, divergent thinking, personality, and creative achievement across the arts and sciences. We confirmed the hypothesis that whereas Openness predicts creative achievement in the arts, Intellect predicts creative achievement in the sciences. Inclusion of performance measures of general cognitive ability and divergent thinking indicated that the relation of Intellect to scientific creativity may be due at least in part to these abilities. Lastly, we found that Extraversion additionally predicted creative achievement in the arts, independently of Openness. Results are discussed in the context of dual-process theory.
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openness to experience Intellect and cognitive ability
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Colin G. Deyoung, Jordan B. Peterson, Lena C Quilty, Jeremy R. GrayAbstract:An instrument designed to separate 2 midlevel traits within each of the Big Five (the Big Five Aspect Scales [BFAS]) was used to clarify the relation of personality to cognitive ability. The BFAS measures Openness to Experience and Intellect as separate (although related) traits, and refers to the broader Big Five trait as Openness/Intellect. In 2 samples (N = 125 and 189), Intellect was independently associated with general intelligence (g) and with verbal and nonverbal intelligence about equally. Openness was independently associated only with verbal intelligence. Implications of these findings are discussed for the empirical and conceptual relations of intelligence to personality and for the mechanisms potentially underlying both Openness/Intellect and cognitive ability.
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a novel differential susceptibility gene chrna4 and moderation of the effect of maltreatment on child personality
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013Co-Authors: Rachael G Grazioplene, Colin G. Deyoung, Fred A Rogosch, Dante CicchettiAbstract:Background: The differential susceptibility hypothesis states that some genetic variants that confer risk in adverse environments are beneficial in normal or nurturing environments. The cholinergic system is promising as a source of susceptibility genes because of its involvement in learning and neural plasticity. The cholinergic receptor gene CHRNA4 has been linked to characteristics related to the personality traits Neuroticism and Openness/Intellect. Methods: The effects of interaction between CHRNA4 genotype and maltreatment status on child personality were examined in a well matched sample of 339 maltreated and 275 non-maltreated children (aged 8–13 years). Results: Variation in CHRNA4 interacted with childhood maltreatment to predict personality in a manner indicating differential susceptibility. The interaction of CHRNA4 and maltreatment status predicted Neuroticism and Openness/Intellect. Maltreated children with the rs1044396 T/T genotype scored highest on Neuroticism and showed no effect of genotype on Openness/Intellect. Non-maltreated children with this genotype scored lowest on Neuroticism and highest on Openness/Intellect. Conclusion: Variation in CHRNA4 appears to contribute to personality by affecting degree of developmental sensitivity to both normal and adverse environments. Keywords: Personality, genetics, CHRNA4, differential susceptibility, neuroticism, openness/Intellect.
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from madness to genius the openness Intellect trait domain as a paradoxical simplex
Journal of Research in Personality, 2012Co-Authors: Colin G. Deyoung, Rachael G Grazioplene, Jordan B. PetersonAbstract:A novel theory of Openness/Intellect is proposed, which integrates intelligence and positive schizotypy (or apophenia, false detection of patterns or causal connections) within the Big Five. Openness/Intellect comprises a simplex of subtraits arrayed along a single scaling dimension. Openness traits fall in one half of the simplex, bounded by apophenia; Intellect traits fall in the other half, bounded by intelligence. The simplex is paradoxical because intelligence and apophenia are negatively correlated despite both loading positively on the general Openness/Intellect factor. The model was supported in two samples and organizes theories of (1) the relation of intelligence and schizotypy to personality, (2) the psychological and biological mechanisms involved in Openness/Intellect, and (3) the costs and benefits of Openness, proximally and evolutionarily.
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sources of cognitive exploration genetic variation in the prefrontal dopamine system predicts openness Intellect
Journal of Research in Personality, 2011Co-Authors: Colin G. Deyoung, Jeremy R. Gray, Dante Cicchetti, Fred A Rogosch, Maria Eastman, Elena L GrigorenkoAbstract:The personality trait Openness/Intellect reflects the tendency to be imaginative, curious, perceptive, artistic, and Intellectual-all characteristics that involve cognitive exploration. Little is known about the biological basis of Openness/Intellect, but the trait has been linked to cognitive functions of prefrontal cortex, and the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a key role in motivation to explore. The hypothesis that dopamine is involved in Openness/Intellect was supported by examining its association with two genes that are central components of the prefrontal dopaminergic system. In two demographically different samples (children: N = 608; adults: N = 214), variation in the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) predicted Openness/Intellect, as main effects in the child sample and in interaction in adults.
Daniel J Costello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mutation of scarb2 in a patient with progressive myoclonus epilepsy and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy
JAMA Neurology, 2011Co-Authors: Leanne M Dibbens, Ioannis Karakis, Marta A Bayly, Daniel J Costello, Andrew J Cole, Samuel F BerkovicAbstract:Objective To report the detection of mutations in the SCARB2 gene in a previously described patient with progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. Design Case report. Setting Epilepsy Genetics Research Laboratory and Epilepsy Service in a tertiary care center. Patient A 27-year old male patient with PME with preserved Intellect and peripheral neuropathy. Results We have solved a previously reported case of PME, preserved Intellect, and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. The patient is a compound heterozygote for 2 mutations in the SCARB2 gene, which has recently been found to be a cause of PME. Conclusions Demyelinating neuropathy is a clinical clue to the presence of SCARB2 mutations in PME.
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Progressive myoclonus epilepsy with demyelinating peripheral neuropathy and preserved Intellect: a novel syndrome.
JAMA Neurology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J Costello, Keith H. Chiappa, Peter SiaoAbstract:Background The progressive myoclonic epilepsies (PMEs) are a disparate group of syndromes whose common features include disabling myoclonus, progressive cognitive decline, and seizures, typically with a relentless deterioration over time. Objective To report a novel PME syndrome. Design Case report. Setting Epilepsy service in a tertiary care urban medical center. Patient A 24-year-old man with progressive myoclonus, seizures, and unique features of preserved Intellect and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. Main Outcome Measure Detailed clinical assessment, electrophysiologic studies, and survey of the literature. Results We characterize an unusual PME phenotype with unique features of preserved Intellect and electrophysiologic evidence of a generalized demyelinating peripheral neuropathic condition. An extensive diagnostic evaluation did not reveal an underlying cause, and a literature survey did not identify other, similar clinical reports. Conclusion We describe a novel PME syndrome with preserved Intellect and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.
Samuel F Berkovic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mutation of scarb2 in a patient with progressive myoclonus epilepsy and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy
JAMA Neurology, 2011Co-Authors: Leanne M Dibbens, Ioannis Karakis, Marta A Bayly, Daniel J Costello, Andrew J Cole, Samuel F BerkovicAbstract:Objective To report the detection of mutations in the SCARB2 gene in a previously described patient with progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. Design Case report. Setting Epilepsy Genetics Research Laboratory and Epilepsy Service in a tertiary care center. Patient A 27-year old male patient with PME with preserved Intellect and peripheral neuropathy. Results We have solved a previously reported case of PME, preserved Intellect, and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. The patient is a compound heterozygote for 2 mutations in the SCARB2 gene, which has recently been found to be a cause of PME. Conclusions Demyelinating neuropathy is a clinical clue to the presence of SCARB2 mutations in PME.
Peter Siao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Progressive myoclonus epilepsy with demyelinating peripheral neuropathy and preserved Intellect: a novel syndrome.
JAMA Neurology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J Costello, Keith H. Chiappa, Peter SiaoAbstract:Background The progressive myoclonic epilepsies (PMEs) are a disparate group of syndromes whose common features include disabling myoclonus, progressive cognitive decline, and seizures, typically with a relentless deterioration over time. Objective To report a novel PME syndrome. Design Case report. Setting Epilepsy service in a tertiary care urban medical center. Patient A 24-year-old man with progressive myoclonus, seizures, and unique features of preserved Intellect and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. Main Outcome Measure Detailed clinical assessment, electrophysiologic studies, and survey of the literature. Results We characterize an unusual PME phenotype with unique features of preserved Intellect and electrophysiologic evidence of a generalized demyelinating peripheral neuropathic condition. An extensive diagnostic evaluation did not reveal an underlying cause, and a literature survey did not identify other, similar clinical reports. Conclusion We describe a novel PME syndrome with preserved Intellect and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.
Jordan B. Peterson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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openness to experience and Intellect differentially predict creative achievement in the arts and sciences
Journal of Personality, 2016Co-Authors: Scott Barry Kaufman, Jordan B. Peterson, Jeremy R. Gray, Lena C Quilty, Jacob B Hirsh, Rachael G Grazioplene, Colin G. DeyoungAbstract:: The Big Five personality dimension Openness/Intellect is the trait most closely associated with creativity and creative achievement. Little is known, however, regarding the discriminant validity of its two aspects-Openness to Experience (reflecting cognitive engagement with perception, fantasy, aesthetics, and emotions) and Intellect (reflecting cognitive engagement with abstract and semantic information, primarily through reasoning)-in relation to creativity. In four demographically diverse samples totaling 1,035 participants, we investigated the independent predictive validity of Openness and Intellect by assessing the relations among cognitive ability, divergent thinking, personality, and creative achievement across the arts and sciences. We confirmed the hypothesis that whereas Openness predicts creative achievement in the arts, Intellect predicts creative achievement in the sciences. Inclusion of performance measures of general cognitive ability and divergent thinking indicated that the relation of Intellect to scientific creativity may be due at least in part to these abilities. Lastly, we found that Extraversion additionally predicted creative achievement in the arts, independently of Openness. Results are discussed in the context of dual-process theory.
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openness to experience Intellect and cognitive ability
Journal of Personality Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Colin G. Deyoung, Jordan B. Peterson, Lena C Quilty, Jeremy R. GrayAbstract:An instrument designed to separate 2 midlevel traits within each of the Big Five (the Big Five Aspect Scales [BFAS]) was used to clarify the relation of personality to cognitive ability. The BFAS measures Openness to Experience and Intellect as separate (although related) traits, and refers to the broader Big Five trait as Openness/Intellect. In 2 samples (N = 125 and 189), Intellect was independently associated with general intelligence (g) and with verbal and nonverbal intelligence about equally. Openness was independently associated only with verbal intelligence. Implications of these findings are discussed for the empirical and conceptual relations of intelligence to personality and for the mechanisms potentially underlying both Openness/Intellect and cognitive ability.
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from madness to genius the openness Intellect trait domain as a paradoxical simplex
Journal of Research in Personality, 2012Co-Authors: Colin G. Deyoung, Rachael G Grazioplene, Jordan B. PetersonAbstract:A novel theory of Openness/Intellect is proposed, which integrates intelligence and positive schizotypy (or apophenia, false detection of patterns or causal connections) within the Big Five. Openness/Intellect comprises a simplex of subtraits arrayed along a single scaling dimension. Openness traits fall in one half of the simplex, bounded by apophenia; Intellect traits fall in the other half, bounded by intelligence. The simplex is paradoxical because intelligence and apophenia are negatively correlated despite both loading positively on the general Openness/Intellect factor. The model was supported in two samples and organizes theories of (1) the relation of intelligence and schizotypy to personality, (2) the psychological and biological mechanisms involved in Openness/Intellect, and (3) the costs and benefits of Openness, proximally and evolutionarily.
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compassionate liberals and polite conservatives associations of agreeableness with political ideology and moral values
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2010Co-Authors: Jacob B Hirsh, Colin G. Deyoung, Xiaowen Xu, Jordan B. PetersonAbstract:Political conservatism has been characterized by resistance to change and acceptance of inequality, with liberalism characterized by the polar opposite of these values. Political attitudes are heritable and may be influenced by basic personality traits. In previous research, conservatism (vs. liberalism) has been associated positively with Conscientiousness and negatively with Openness-Intellect, consistent with the association of conservatism with resistance to change. Less clear, however, are the personality traits relating to egalitarianism. In two studies, using a personality model that divides each of the Big Five into two aspects, the present research found that one aspect of Agreeableness (Compassion) was associated with liberalism and egalitarianism, whereas the other (Politeness) was associated with conservatism and traditionalism. In addition, conservatism and moral traditionalism were positively associated with the Orderliness aspect of Conscientiousness and negatively with Openness-Intellect. ...
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sources of openness Intellect cognitive and neuropsychological correlates of the fifth factor of personality
Journal of Personality, 2005Co-Authors: Colin G. Deyoung, Jordan B. Peterson, Daniel M HigginsAbstract:We characterize Openness/Intellect as motivated cognitive flexibility, or cognitive exploration, and develop a neuropsychological model relating it to dopaminergic function and to the functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Evidence is reviewed for sources of Openness/Intellect shared with Extraversion and sources unique to Openness/Intellect. The hypothesis that the cognitive functions of the dorsolateral PFC are among the latter was tested using standard measures of cognitive ability and a battery of tasks associated with dorsolateral PFC function (N=175). Dorsolateral PFC function, as well as both fluid and crystallized cognitive ability, was positively related to Openness/Intellect but no other personality trait. Additionally, facet level analysis supported the characterization of Openness/Intellect as a primarily cognitive trait.