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Peter Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • gilbert murray and international relations hellenism liberalism and international Intellectual Cooperation as a path to peace
    Review of International Studies, 2011
    Co-Authors: Peter Wilson
    Abstract:

    Gilbert Murray was one of the towering figures of 20th century cultural and Intellectual life, and the foremost Hellenist of his generation. He was also a tireless campaigner for peace and international reconciliation, and a pioneer in the development of international Intellectual Cooperation, not least in the field of International Relations (IR). Yet in IR today he is largely forgotten. This article seeks to put Murray back on the historiographical map. It argues that while in many ways consistent with the image of the inter-war ‘utopian’, Murray's thinking in certain significant ways defies this image. It examines the twin foundations of his international thought – liberalism and Hellenism – and their manifestation in a version of international Intellectual Cooperation that while aristocratic and outmoded in some respects, nonetheless contains certain enduring insights.

Martin Grandjean - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Archives Distant Reading: Mapping the Activity of the League of Nations' Intellectual Cooperation
    2016
    Co-Authors: Martin Grandjean
    Abstract:

    Founded in 1922 by the League of Nations upon observation that the pacification of Europe may benefit from a better collaboration between scientific elites, the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation (ICIC) is responsible for coordinating the restructuration of knowledge circulation. Bringing together leading researchers at the height of their career, such as Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and George Hale, chaired by Henri Bergson, the Committee weaves a complex network between transnational scientific institutions and societies, congresses and individuals (Pernet 2014). This paper proposes an analysis of the work and functioning of the organization between 1919 and 1927 by setting up a database containing metadata of thousands of documents contained by the ICIC funds (United Nations Archives, Geneva). Visualized as a network of 3.200 people (tens of thousands of relationships), this work provides a new understanding of the internal organization of the Intellectual Cooperation, as well as completely new insights about its relations with the rest of the scientific and diplomatic world. In particular, we will show the necessity to compare the “micro” structure of relationships as mapped by the archive with the “macro” formal structure of the institution. Do the thousands of documents, in a distant reading approach (Moretti 2013), confirm the internal organization of the League of Nations or do they show individuals/communities that bypass the official hierarchy? As an opening to an epistemological debate, this research questions the relationship between the researcher, the database and its sources: are the metadata of an archive corpus usable information, regardless of their unique qualitative content? More technically, it also addresses the issue of data visualization and modeling in the historical sciences.

  • Social Network Analysis of the League of Nations' Intellectual Cooperation, an Historical Distant Reading
    2016
    Co-Authors: Martin Grandjean
    Abstract:

    Founded in 1922 by the League of Nations on the observation that the pacification of Europe may pass through a better collaboration between scientific elites, the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation (ICIC) is responsible for coordinating the restructuration of knowledge circulation. Bringing together leading researchers at the height of their career, as Albert Einstein, Marie Curie or George Hale, chaired by Henri Bergson, the Committee weaves a complex network between transnational scientific institutions and societies, congresses and individuals (Pernet 2014). This paper proposes an analysis of the work and functioning of the organization between 1919 and 1927 by setting up a database containing metadata of thousands of documents contained in the ICIC funds (United Nations Archives, Geneva). Visualized as a network of 3.200 people (tens of thousands of relationships), this work provides a new understanding of the internal organization of the Intellectual Cooperation, as well as completely new insights about its relations with the rest of the scientific and diplomatic world. In particular, we will show the necessity to compare the “micro” structure of relationships as mapped by the archive with the “macro” formal structure of the institution: does the thousands of documents, in a distant reading approach (Moretti 2013), confirm the internal organization of the League of Nations or do they show individuals/communities that bypass the official hierarchy?

Daniel Laqua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • internationalism and nationalism in the league of nations work for Intellectual Cooperation
    2018
    Co-Authors: Daniel Laqua
    Abstract:

    How did Intellectuals and politicians confirm or reinforce national categories, even when they ostensibly promoted visions of an international community? The chapter addresses this question through a case study of the League of Nations’ mechanisms for Intellectual Cooperation. After a brief discussion of institutional aspects, namely the establishment of League-affiliated committees and institutes in the 1920s, the article focuses on the interplay of transnational and national practices. National actors—for instance Intellectuals and organisations from Central and Eastern Europe—targeted the League bodies, evoking both cultural internationalism and national interests. Furthermore, nationhood was projected at international congresses—sometimes openly, sometimes in more subtle terms—with the pronouncements of delegates from Fascist Italy providing an interesting case in point. Finally, the chapter discusses how individuals sought to reconcile the multi-layered nature of their activities; to this end, it considers several figures who were involved in the League’s efforts to foster a “societe des esprits.”

  • transnational Intellectual Cooperation the league of nations and the problem of order
    Journal of Global History, 2011
    Co-Authors: Daniel Laqua
    Abstract:

    This article examines the political and cultural contexts of the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation and the International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation. These two League of Nations bodies were charged with fostering international understanding through the promotion of educational, scientific, and cultural exchange. Whereas previous studies have revealed the institutional and diplomatic processes that shaped these bodies, the present article considers their Intellectual genealogies and trajectories. Adopting a transnational perspective, it argues that the multi-layered quest for order is central to understanding Intellectual Cooperation in the interwar years. This concern was reflected in the role of cultural relations within the post-war order, and in the aim of strengthening Intellectuals’ position in the social order (both through legal instruments and through new tools for ‘Intellectual labour’).

Magali Romero Sa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • medicine science and power relations between france germany and brazil in the period 1919 1942
    Historia Ciencias Saude-manguinhos, 2009
    Co-Authors: Magali Romero Sa, Jaime Larry Benchimol, Simone Petraglia Kropf, Larissa Viana, Andre Felipe Cândido Da Silva
    Abstract:

    This research note proposes hypotheses and frameworks for the study of the dynamics of the German and French medical and scientific movement aimed at Latin America, and Brazil in particular, between 1919 and 1942. It also seeks to comprehend to what extent the efforts at Intellectual Cooperation and the concomitant flow of ideas, institutional models, common research agendas, and action strategies aimed at expanding the Franco-Germanic field of influence in this part of the American continent, were put into practice.

  • medicine science and power relations between france germany and brazil during 1919 1942
    2009
    Co-Authors: Magali Romero Sa, Jean Louis Benchimol
    Abstract:

    , Rio de Janeiro, v.16, n.1, Jan.- Mar. 2009.Available at: http://www.scielo.br.AbstractThis research note presents hypotheses and frameworks regarding thestudy of the dynamics of the German and French medical-scientificmovement that targeted Latin America, and especially Brazil, between1919 and 1942. The research goal is to understand the actual impactand implementation of the Intellectual Cooperation efforts andconcomitant flow of ideas, institutional models, common researchagendas, and strategies that were meant to expand the field of Franco-German influence in Latin America.KeywordsInternational Scientific Relations; Medicine; Latin America; Germany;France; Scientific Journals.

Joanne Pemberton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Intellectual Cooperation in war time and plans for reconstruction
    2020
    Co-Authors: Joanne Pemberton
    Abstract:

    The executive committee of the ISC met in Geneva in February 1940 in order to review work undertaken on the topic of its new study cycle: international organisation. In November 1941, it met in New York whereupon it suspended the conference’s activities: the war had placed too many obstacles in the way of international collaboration and its secretariat in Paris had been closed. The suspension was not intended to be definitive: there was an urgent need to study international organisation in preparation for post-war reconstruction. Members of the IPR assembled at Mont Tremblant in December 1942. All were from countries either at war or occupied by enemy forces. Many urged that the United Nations should stimulate war morale in the Pacific through making it clear that the Atlantic Charter’s clause on the right to self-government applied to the whole world and not just to Europe. At Hot Springs in January 1945, members heard that if there was one major issue on which the Dumbarton Oaks’s plan for international security parted company with the League, it was on this issue: that any serious organisation aimed at preventing aggression must insist on the necessity of being prepared to use force.

  • the changing shape of Intellectual Cooperation from the league of nations to unesco
    Australian Journal of Politics and History, 2012
    Co-Authors: Joanne Pemberton
    Abstract:

    This article elaborates on some of the key ideas that gave rise to and animated the International Commission on Intellectual Cooperation, a body which was among the last permanent organisations of the League of Nations. Although the Commission's efforts to cement Intellectual relations among nations often went unappreciated, its proponents considered Intellectual Cooperation to be the very heart and soul of the League's Covenant. From the outset, the Commission sought to harmonise the world's various Intellectual and cultural currents while maintaining respect for diversity. During its life, the Commission also became increasingly aware of the issue of its own cultural particularity and the vital need to incorporate perspectives and traditions other than those in which its origins lay. It was in grappling with these issues, and not just in pursuing its broader mandate, that the Commission can be said to be the forerunner of UNESCO.