The Experts below are selected from a list of 153 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sarah Augustine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the submissive relationship of public health to government politics and economics how global health diplomacy and engaged followership compromise humanitarian relief
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020Co-Authors: Daniel Peplow, Sarah AugustineAbstract:This paper describes efforts by public health practitioners to address a health crisis caused by economic Development policies that are unrestrained by either environmental, public health, or human rights mandates. Economic Development projects funded by international funding institutions like the Inter-American Development Bank that reduce poverty when measured in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana harm minority populations where commercial activities destroy, alter, and remove the resources upon which local communities depend. In this study, the structural causes of a community health crisis affecting Indigenous people in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana was addressed by seeking gatekeepers in government who have access to policy-making processes. We found that deeply rooted economic Development policies structured social, economic, and political alliances and made them resistant to feedback and reform. We concluded that work must be focused beyond the simple exchange of public health information. Public health practitioners must become politically active to create new policy commitments and new patterns of governance that advance Development as well as improve health outcomes. Failure to do so may result in public health practitioners becoming ‘engaged followers’ that are complicit in the inhumanity that springs from their acquiescence to the authority of government officials when their policies are the cause of preventable death, disease, and disability.
Daniel Peplow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the submissive relationship of public health to government politics and economics how global health diplomacy and engaged followership compromise humanitarian relief
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020Co-Authors: Daniel Peplow, Sarah AugustineAbstract:This paper describes efforts by public health practitioners to address a health crisis caused by economic Development policies that are unrestrained by either environmental, public health, or human rights mandates. Economic Development projects funded by international funding institutions like the Inter-American Development Bank that reduce poverty when measured in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana harm minority populations where commercial activities destroy, alter, and remove the resources upon which local communities depend. In this study, the structural causes of a community health crisis affecting Indigenous people in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana was addressed by seeking gatekeepers in government who have access to policy-making processes. We found that deeply rooted economic Development policies structured social, economic, and political alliances and made them resistant to feedback and reform. We concluded that work must be focused beyond the simple exchange of public health information. Public health practitioners must become politically active to create new policy commitments and new patterns of governance that advance Development as well as improve health outcomes. Failure to do so may result in public health practitioners becoming ‘engaged followers’ that are complicit in the inhumanity that springs from their acquiescence to the authority of government officials when their policies are the cause of preventable death, disease, and disability.
Mauricio Olivera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
public debt and social expenditure friends or foes
2006Co-Authors: Eduardo Lora, Mauricio OliveraAbstract:This paper assesses the effects of total public debt (external and domestic) on social expenditure worldwide and in Latin America using an unbalanced panel of around 50 countries for the period 1985-2003. The most robust and important finding is that higher debt ratios do reduce social expenditures, as popular opinion holds. Debt displaces social expenditures not so much because it raises the debt burden, but because it reduces the room (or the appetite) for further indebtedness. Loans from multilateral organizations like the World Bank or the Inter-American Development Bank do not seem to ameliorate the adverse consequences of debt on social expenditures. In accordance with popular wisdom, our results indicate that defaulting on debt obligations does help to increase social expenditures. The main policy implication is that there is no better way to protect social expenditures than to avoid over-indebtedness, especially in Latin America.
-
Public Debt and Social Expenditure: Friends or Foes?
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Eduardo Lora, Mauricio OliveraAbstract:This paper assesses the effects of total public debt (external and domestic) on social expenditure worldwide and in Latin America using an unbalanced panel of around 50 countries for the period 1985-2003. The most robust and important finding is that higher debt ratios do reduce social expenditures, as popular opinion holds. This effect comes mostly from the stock of debt and not from debt service payments, indicating that debt displaces social expenditures not so much because it raises the debt burden, but because it reduces the room (or the appetite) for further indebtedness. Loans from multilateral organizations like the World Bank or the Inter-American Development Bank do not seem to ameliorate the adverse consequences of debt on social expenditures. In accordance with popular wisdom, our results indicate that defaulting on debt obligations does help to increase social expenditures. Nonetheless, Latin America is different in some respects. The adverse effects of debt and debt-interest payments are significantly stronger in the region, which makes defaults more beneficial to social expenditures. While many of these conclusions are very heterodox, their main policy implication is not; there is no better way to protect social expenditures than to avoid overindebtedness, especially in Latin America.
Juan Luis Londono - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
asset inequality matters an assessment of the world Bank s approach to poverty reduction
The American Economic Review, 1997Co-Authors: Nancy Birdsall, Juan Luis LondonoAbstract:The fight against poverty has been adopted by the multilateral Development Banks as their principal objective. Almost three decades after Robert McNamara announced that the World Bank's fundamental work was to improve the lives of the poor, its new president, James Wolfensohn, has reiterated that poverty reduction is the World Bank's principal purpose. Similarly, in 1994 the Inter-American Development Bank set social progress and social equity as its central objective. The emphasis in the international institutions contrasts with disappointing results in the real world. Although life expectancy, school enrollmuent, and other indicators of social wellbeing have improved dramatically across the developing world, and although the proportion of the poor has declined in the last few decades, the absolute number of poor people in the world has actually increased. Today about 1.3 billion people in less developed countries still subsist on less than $1 per day (World Bank, 1980, 1990, 1996). The case of Latin America is dramatic. While in the 1970's the number of poor fell, it nearly doubled in the 1980's, increasing from about 80 to almost 150 million; and in the last few years, the number of poor, now 33 percent of the total population, has failed to fall despite economic recovery (Birdsall and Londofio, 1997). The contrast between the multilateral Banks' goals and these disappointing results suggests the need for a critical reassessment of their approach to poverty reduction. In this paper we describe the approach reflected in the work of World Bank economists and, based on new empirical work, assess its relevance for Latin America.'
Eduardo Lora - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
public debt and social expenditure friends or foes
2006Co-Authors: Eduardo Lora, Mauricio OliveraAbstract:This paper assesses the effects of total public debt (external and domestic) on social expenditure worldwide and in Latin America using an unbalanced panel of around 50 countries for the period 1985-2003. The most robust and important finding is that higher debt ratios do reduce social expenditures, as popular opinion holds. Debt displaces social expenditures not so much because it raises the debt burden, but because it reduces the room (or the appetite) for further indebtedness. Loans from multilateral organizations like the World Bank or the Inter-American Development Bank do not seem to ameliorate the adverse consequences of debt on social expenditures. In accordance with popular wisdom, our results indicate that defaulting on debt obligations does help to increase social expenditures. The main policy implication is that there is no better way to protect social expenditures than to avoid over-indebtedness, especially in Latin America.
-
Public Debt and Social Expenditure: Friends or Foes?
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Eduardo Lora, Mauricio OliveraAbstract:This paper assesses the effects of total public debt (external and domestic) on social expenditure worldwide and in Latin America using an unbalanced panel of around 50 countries for the period 1985-2003. The most robust and important finding is that higher debt ratios do reduce social expenditures, as popular opinion holds. This effect comes mostly from the stock of debt and not from debt service payments, indicating that debt displaces social expenditures not so much because it raises the debt burden, but because it reduces the room (or the appetite) for further indebtedness. Loans from multilateral organizations like the World Bank or the Inter-American Development Bank do not seem to ameliorate the adverse consequences of debt on social expenditures. In accordance with popular wisdom, our results indicate that defaulting on debt obligations does help to increase social expenditures. Nonetheless, Latin America is different in some respects. The adverse effects of debt and debt-interest payments are significantly stronger in the region, which makes defaults more beneficial to social expenditures. While many of these conclusions are very heterodox, their main policy implication is not; there is no better way to protect social expenditures than to avoid overindebtedness, especially in Latin America.