The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

David M. Brienza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a comparison of air cell and gel surgical table pads and an evaluation of the influence of Pressure distribution and other factors on Pressure injury prevention
    Journal of Tissue Viability, 2021
    Co-Authors: Sandra Guzman, Ana Luiza Caltabiano Allegretti, Robert L Kormos, David M. Brienza
    Abstract:

    Abstract Guidelines for Pressure injury prevention consider the use of Pressure-redistributing pads to prevent tissue deformation. However, limited research exists to assess the Pressure distribution provided by the operating tables and the effectiveness of Pressure-redistributing pads in preventing Pressure injuries. In this study, we compared the Pressure distribution properties of two surgical table pads and identified parameters influencing Pressure injury outcomes after a lengthy surgical procedure. Twenty-seven patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation surgery participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to use either an air cell-based pad or a gel pad. Interface Pressure was recorded during the surgery. We analyzed the effect of surgical table pad type Interface Pressure distribution and Pressure injury outcomes and analyzed what characteristics of the patients and the Interface Pressure are most influential for the development of Pressure injuries. When compared the Interface Pressure parameters between the air-cell group and the gel group, only the peak Pressure index x time was significantly different (p

  • Interface shear and Pressure characteristics of wheelchair seat cushions
    Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jonathan S Akins, Patricia Karg, David M. Brienza
    Abstract:

    Pressure ulcer incidence rates have remained constant despite advances in support surface technology. Interface shear stress is recognized as a risk factor for Pressure ulcer development and is the focus of many shear reduction technologies incorporated into wheelchair cushions; however, shear reduction has not been quantified in the literature. We evaluated 21 commercial wheelchair seat cushions using a new methodology developed to quantify Interface shear stress, Interface Pressure, and horizontal stiffness. Interface shear stress increased significantly with applied horizontal indenter displacement, while no significant difference was found for Interface Pressure. Material of construction resulted in significant differences in Interface shear stress, Interface Pressure, and horizontal stiffness. This study shows that the existing International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 16840-2 horizontal stiffness measure provides similar information to the new horizontal stiffness measure. The lack of a relationship between Interface shear stress and the overall horizontal stiffness measure, however, suggests that a Pressure and shear force sensor should be used with the ISO 16840-2 horizontal stiffness measure to fully quantify a cushion's ability to reduce Interface shear stress at the patient's bony prominences.

  • the relationship between Pressure ulcer incidence and buttock seat cushion Interface Pressure in at risk elderly wheelchair users
    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2001
    Co-Authors: David M. Brienza, Mary Jo Geyer, Sheryl F Kelsey, Patricia Karg, Elaine Trefler
    Abstract:

    Abstract Brienza DM, Karg PE, Geyer MJ, Kelsey S, Trefler E. The relationship between Pressure ulcer incidence and buttock-seat cushion Interface Pressure in at-risk elderly wheelchair users. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82:529-33. Objective: To investigate the relation between Pressure ulcer incidence and buttock-wheelchair seat cushion Interface Pressure measurements. Design: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial. Setting: Skilled nursing facility. Patients: Thirty-two elderly patients (age, ≥ 65yr), with Braden score ≤ 18 and Braden mobility and activity subscale score ≤ 5, who used wheelchairs ≥ 6hr/d, were free of existing sitting-induced Pressure ulcers, and weighed ≤ 250lb. Interventions: Generic foam seat cushion or Pressure-reducing seat cushion. Main Outcome Measures: The incidence of sitting-induced Pressure ulcers over a 1- to 12-month period was compared with Pressure measured between patients' buttocks and wheelchair seat cushions. A flexible pad with a 15 × 15 Pressure sensor array was used to measure Interface Pressure. Results: Interface Pressure measured on wheelchair seat cushions was higher ( p ≤.01 for both peak Pressure and average of highest 4 Pressures) for patients who developed sitting-acquired Pressure ulcers compared with those patients who did not. Conclusions: Results indicated that higher Interface Pressure measurements are associated with a higher incidence of sitting-acquired Pressure ulcers for high-risk elderly people who use wheelchairs. © 2001 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

  • seat cushion optimization a comparison of Interface Pressure and tissue stiffness characteristics for spinal cord injured and elderly patients
    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 1998
    Co-Authors: David M. Brienza, Patricia Karg
    Abstract:

    Abstract Objective: A method for designing tissue deformation minimizing seat surfaces was evaluated. Pressure and stiffness criteria were used to optimize surface shape. The method's efficacy for patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI) and a comparison of cushion performance and Interface characteristics with a group of 30 elderly patients are presented. Design: Repeated measures, prospective study. Setting: University medical center. Patients: SCI( n = 12), elderly (age 65+ years) ( n = 30). Interventions: One flat and two custom foam seat cushions. Main Outcome Measures: Interface Pressure measured using a Pressure sensing pad; tissue stiffness and Pressure recorded on a rigid programmable seat surface. Results: Pressure distributions on contoured cushions for the SCI group contained lower values than distributions on flat cushions. A comparison of the Pressure data between the elderly and SCI showed that significant differences exist between Interface characteristics. The SCI group had higher peak Interface Pressures for all cushions tested. Tissue stiffness measurements were similar for each group. Conclusions: Results showed improved effectiveness of custom contoured foam seat cushions versus flat foam cushions. The results suggest that Pressure distributions for SCI are more sensitive to support cushion characteristics than for the elderly. Further research is needed to determine the extent of the difference between the populations represented by these groups.

Patricia Karg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Interface shear and Pressure characteristics of wheelchair seat cushions
    Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jonathan S Akins, Patricia Karg, David M. Brienza
    Abstract:

    Pressure ulcer incidence rates have remained constant despite advances in support surface technology. Interface shear stress is recognized as a risk factor for Pressure ulcer development and is the focus of many shear reduction technologies incorporated into wheelchair cushions; however, shear reduction has not been quantified in the literature. We evaluated 21 commercial wheelchair seat cushions using a new methodology developed to quantify Interface shear stress, Interface Pressure, and horizontal stiffness. Interface shear stress increased significantly with applied horizontal indenter displacement, while no significant difference was found for Interface Pressure. Material of construction resulted in significant differences in Interface shear stress, Interface Pressure, and horizontal stiffness. This study shows that the existing International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 16840-2 horizontal stiffness measure provides similar information to the new horizontal stiffness measure. The lack of a relationship between Interface shear stress and the overall horizontal stiffness measure, however, suggests that a Pressure and shear force sensor should be used with the ISO 16840-2 horizontal stiffness measure to fully quantify a cushion's ability to reduce Interface shear stress at the patient's bony prominences.

  • the relationship between Pressure ulcer incidence and buttock seat cushion Interface Pressure in at risk elderly wheelchair users
    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2001
    Co-Authors: David M. Brienza, Mary Jo Geyer, Sheryl F Kelsey, Patricia Karg, Elaine Trefler
    Abstract:

    Abstract Brienza DM, Karg PE, Geyer MJ, Kelsey S, Trefler E. The relationship between Pressure ulcer incidence and buttock-seat cushion Interface Pressure in at-risk elderly wheelchair users. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82:529-33. Objective: To investigate the relation between Pressure ulcer incidence and buttock-wheelchair seat cushion Interface Pressure measurements. Design: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial. Setting: Skilled nursing facility. Patients: Thirty-two elderly patients (age, ≥ 65yr), with Braden score ≤ 18 and Braden mobility and activity subscale score ≤ 5, who used wheelchairs ≥ 6hr/d, were free of existing sitting-induced Pressure ulcers, and weighed ≤ 250lb. Interventions: Generic foam seat cushion or Pressure-reducing seat cushion. Main Outcome Measures: The incidence of sitting-induced Pressure ulcers over a 1- to 12-month period was compared with Pressure measured between patients' buttocks and wheelchair seat cushions. A flexible pad with a 15 × 15 Pressure sensor array was used to measure Interface Pressure. Results: Interface Pressure measured on wheelchair seat cushions was higher ( p ≤.01 for both peak Pressure and average of highest 4 Pressures) for patients who developed sitting-acquired Pressure ulcers compared with those patients who did not. Conclusions: Results indicated that higher Interface Pressure measurements are associated with a higher incidence of sitting-acquired Pressure ulcers for high-risk elderly people who use wheelchairs. © 2001 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

  • seat cushion optimization a comparison of Interface Pressure and tissue stiffness characteristics for spinal cord injured and elderly patients
    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 1998
    Co-Authors: David M. Brienza, Patricia Karg
    Abstract:

    Abstract Objective: A method for designing tissue deformation minimizing seat surfaces was evaluated. Pressure and stiffness criteria were used to optimize surface shape. The method's efficacy for patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI) and a comparison of cushion performance and Interface characteristics with a group of 30 elderly patients are presented. Design: Repeated measures, prospective study. Setting: University medical center. Patients: SCI( n = 12), elderly (age 65+ years) ( n = 30). Interventions: One flat and two custom foam seat cushions. Main Outcome Measures: Interface Pressure measured using a Pressure sensing pad; tissue stiffness and Pressure recorded on a rigid programmable seat surface. Results: Pressure distributions on contoured cushions for the SCI group contained lower values than distributions on flat cushions. A comparison of the Pressure data between the elderly and SCI showed that significant differences exist between Interface characteristics. The SCI group had higher peak Interface Pressures for all cushions tested. Tissue stiffness measurements were similar for each group. Conclusions: Results showed improved effectiveness of custom contoured foam seat cushions versus flat foam cushions. The results suggest that Pressure distributions for SCI are more sensitive to support cushion characteristics than for the elderly. Further research is needed to determine the extent of the difference between the populations represented by these groups.

Hugo Partsch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a new two component compression system turning an elastic bandage into an inelastic compression device Interface Pressure stiffness and haemodynamic effectiveness
    European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 2018
    Co-Authors: Giovanni Mosti, Hugo Partsch
    Abstract:

    Introduction Bandage application does not exert consistent compression Pressure, leading to extremely variable compression when applied to patients. A new elastic bandage can exert a predefined Pressure independently of healthcare providers and the size of the wrapped limb. The bandage system includes a series of non-stretchable patches that when applied to the bandage make it stiff. The aim of this work was to assess, in an experimental setting, the venous ejection fraction (EF) from the lower leg and the tolerability of this new bandage in a group of patients affected by superficial venous incompetence. Methods EF was measured using strain gauge plethysmography under baseline conditions and the bandage was applied with a supine Pressure of 20 and 30 mmHg, with and without the stiff patches, in 25 patients with severe venous reflux in the great saphenous vein. The Interface Pressure of the bandages was measured simultaneously in the medial gaiter area. Results All patients showed EF values that were significantly reduced compared with normal individuals. Elastic bandages with an average Pressure of 20 and 30 mmHg in the supine position achieved a slight improvement in EF, and, after applying non-stretchable patches on the same bandage with similar resting Pressure, EF was restored to its normal range ( p Conclusion This study confirms that inelastic is much more effective than elastic compression for improving impaired venous haemodynamics. The test material can be applied with a predetermined Pressure, which considerably enhances the consistency of application, and it is easily transformed into an inelastic system just by applying stiff patches without any stretch and without significantly increasing the comfortable supine Pressure.

  • compression therapy clinical and experimental evidence
    Annals of Vascular Diseases, 2012
    Co-Authors: Hugo Partsch
    Abstract:

    Aim: A review is given on the different tools of compression therapy and their mode of action. Methods: Interface Pressure and stiffness of compression devices, alone or in combination can be measured in vivo. Hemodynamic effects have been demonstrated by measuring venous volume and flow velocity using MRI, Duplex and radioisotopes, venous reflux and venous pumping function using plethysmography and phlebodynamometry. Oedema reduction can be measured by limb volumetry. Results: Compression stockings exerting a Pressure of ~20 mmHg on the distal leg are able to increase venous blood flow velocity in the supine position and to prevent leg swelling after prolonged sitting and standing. In the upright position, an Interface Pressure of more than 50 mmHg is needed for intermittent occlusion of incompetent veins and for a reduction of ambulatory venous hypertension during walking. Such high intermittent Interface Pressure peaks exerting a “massaging effect” may rather be achieved by short stretch multilayer bandages than by elastic stockings. Conclusion: Compression is a cornerstone in the management of venous and lymphatic insufficiency. However, this treatment modality is still underestimated and deserves better understanding and improved educational programs, both for patients and medical staff.

  • compression therapy in breast cancer related lymphedema a randomized controlled comparative study of relation between volume and Interface Pressure changes
    Journal of Vascular Surgery, 2009
    Co-Authors: Robert J Damstra, Hugo Partsch
    Abstract:

    Objective Short stretch bandages are very effective in the initial management of arm lymphedema. However, no studies to date have measured the Pressure required to achieve specific amounts of volume reduction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a difference between low and high-Pressure bandaging in terms of therapeutically intended volume reduction of the compressed arm. Methods Experimental, randomized and comparative study with two study-groups consisting of high and low initial Interface Pressure bandages. Thirty-six hospitalized patients in Nij Smellinghe hospital suffering from moderate to severe unilateral breast cancer-related lymphedema not responsive to outpatient treatment were included. Bilateral arm volume was measured by inverse water volumetry before, after two hours and after 24 hours of bandaging. The amount of edema was calculated by subtracting the volume of the diseased arm from that of the contralateral side. Sub-bandage Pressure was measured after bandage application and two hours later. Bandages were then re-applied and the Pressure was measured again. Twenty-four hours later, the Pressure measurement was repeated and bandages were removed for final volumetry. Patients were randomized into two groups: group A received low Pressure bandages (20-30 mm Hg) and group B received high Pressure bandages (44-58 mm Hg). The main outcome measures were reduction of arm volume and edema volume in the affected arm in both study groups. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in sub-bandage Pressure and patient comfort. Results Median arm volume reduction after two and 24 hours was 104.5 mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 51.2-184.2) (−2.5%) ( P P P Conclusions Inelastic, multi-layer, multi-component compression bandages with lower Pressure (20-30 mm Hg) are better tolerated and achieve the same amount of arm volume reduction as bandages applied with higher Pressure (44-58 mm Hg) in the first 24 hours.

  • Interface Pressure and stiffness of ready made compression stockings comparison of in vivo and in vitro measurements
    Journal of Vascular Surgery, 2006
    Co-Authors: Hugo Partsch, Bernhard Partsch, Walter Braun
    Abstract:

    Objective It is unknown if the Pressure values of compression stockings indicated by the producers correspond to the actual compression Pressure exerted in vivo. This study compared Pressure and stiffness of ready-made compression stockings (Venosan) of different classes, measured on the leg and by laboratory testing. Methods This was an experimental study conducted in a textile laboratory of a company that manufactures compression stockings. Twelve legs from healthy volunteers were fitted with ready-made calf-length compression stockings of the European classes I, II and III. In addition, two class I stockings were applied over each other. The in vivo Interface Pressure was measured using the medical stocking tester (MST) in position B1, eight cm proximal to the inner ankle. Stiffness was defined by an increase of Pressure due to an increase of stretch that reflects the elastic property of the textile and was assessed by measuring the difference of Interface Pressure between standing and supine position at B1. In the laboratory, the MST was used to check the Pressure of these stockings on wooden leg models. Then circular slices were cut out from the stockings at the B1 level and stretched by a Zwick dynamometer in the transverse direction. Force/extension-curves were plotted, from which the Pressure and stiffness of each individual stocking was calculated. Results The Pressure profile measured on four positions along the leg by MST showed a degressive gradient on the wooden model but not on the human leg due to the measuring geometry in the ankle region. Pressure values on the leg correspond to the in vitro measurements calculated from the force/extension-curve with a bias (difference of the means) of –2.1 and 4.1 mm Hg. In 95% of the subjects, the difference was between –10.1 and 5.8 mm Hg (Bland Altman plot). The correlation between in vivo and in vitro measurement was highly significant ( P r = .8161). In vivo and in vitro measurement shows an increase of stiffness with increasing compression classes. The highest values are found for two class I stockings applied over each other. Conclusion Pressure and stiffness can be measured in vivo, correlate well with laboratory findings, and should be used in future studies, especially when different compression devices are to be compared.

Shona L Halson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • confounding compression the effects of posture sizing and garment type on measured Interface Pressure in sports compression clothing
    Journal of Sports Sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Ned Brophywilliams, Matthew W Driller, Cecilia Mary Shing, J W Fell, Shona L Halson
    Abstract:

    AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to measure the Interface Pressure exerted by lower body sports compression garments, in order to assess the effect of garment type, size and posture in athletes. Twelve national-level boxers were fitted with sports compression garments (tights and leggings), each in three different sizes (undersized, recommended size and oversized). Interface Pressure was assessed across six landmarks on the lower limb (ranging from medial malleolus to upper thigh) as athletes assumed sitting, standing and supine postures. Sports compression leggings exerted a significantly higher mean Pressure than sports compression tights (P < 0.001). Oversized tights applied significantly less Pressure than manufacturer-recommended size or undersized tights (P < 0.001), yet no significant differences were apparent between different-sized leggings. Standing posture resulted in significantly higher mean Pressure application than a seated posture for both tights and leggings (P < 0.001 and P ...

  • confounding compression the effects of posture sizing and garment type on measured Interface Pressure in sports compression clothing
    Journal of Sports Sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Ned Brophywilliams, Matthew W Driller, Cecilia Mary Shing, J W Fell, Shona L Halson
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this investigation was to measure the Interface Pressure exerted by lower body sports compression garments, in order to assess the effect of garment type, size and posture in athletes. Twelve national-level boxers were fitted with sports compression garments (tights and leggings), each in three different sizes (undersized, recommended size and oversized). Interface Pressure was assessed across six landmarks on the lower limb (ranging from medial malleolus to upper thigh) as athletes assumed sitting, standing and supine postures. Sports compression leggings exerted a significantly higher mean Pressure than sports compression tights (P < 0.001). Oversized tights applied significantly less Pressure than manufacturer-recommended size or undersized tights (P < 0.001), yet no significant differences were apparent between different-sized leggings. Standing posture resulted in significantly higher mean Pressure application than a seated posture for both tights and leggings (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Pressure was different across landmarks, with analyses revealing a Pressure profile that was neither strictly graduated nor progressive in nature. The Pressure applied by sports compression garments is significantly affected by garment type, size and posture assumed by the wearer.

Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparison study of the prosthetics Interface Pressure profile of air splint socket and icrc polypropylene socket for upper limb prosthetics
    Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, 2015
    Co-Authors: N Abd A Razak, Hossein Gholizadeh, N. Abu A. Osman, Sadeeq Ali, Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study examined the Interface Pressure differences at the stump socket between an ICRC polypropylene socket and an air splint socket for a common wearer of transhumeral amputee using F-socket transducers. Two F-socket sensors arrays were attached to the residual limb. The subject was asked to complete the following tasks: Normal position, stand in a normal position without conducting any motion and shoulder movements, flexion/extension and abduction. The results revealed that the Interface Pressure applied using ICRC polypropylene socket was maximize at the end distal of the residual limb and give more Pressure contact to any shoulder movements. Conversely, while using air splint socket, the socket was able to auto-adjust for required socket fitting even for any change while doing shoulder movements. Our result demonstrated how the comparison of Pressure applied at the stump socket may lead in chosen the suitable prosthetic's socket for the amputee. The impending development of an auto-adjusted socket that uses an air splint system will provide the prosthetic socket with a less contact Pressure at the residual limb.

  • review of the socket design and Interface Pressure measurement for transtibial prosthesis
    The Scientific World Journal, 2014
    Co-Authors: Gh Pirouzi, Hossein Gholizadeh, N. Abu A. Osman, Sadeeq Ali, Arezoo Eshraghi, Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas
    Abstract:

    Socket is an important part of every prosthetic limb as an Interface between the residual limb and prosthetic components. Biomechanics of socket-residual limb Interface, especially the Pressure and force distribution, have effect on patient satisfaction and function. This paper aimed to review and evaluate studies conducted in the last decades on the design of socket, in-socket Interface Pressure measurement, and socket biomechanics. Literature was searched to find related keywords with transtibial amputation, socket-residual limb Interface, socket measurement, socket design, modeling, computational modeling, and suspension system. In accordance with the selection criteria, 19 articles were selected for further analysis. It was revealed that Pressure and stress have been studied in the last decaeds, but quantitative evaluations remain inapplicable in clinical settings. This study also illustrates prevailing systems, which may facilitate improvements in socket design for improved quality of life for individuals ambulating with transtibial prosthesis. It is hoped that the review will better facilitate the understanding and determine the clinical relevance of quantitative evaluations.

  • clinical investigation of the Interface Pressure in the trans tibial socket with dermo and seal in x5 liner during walking and their effect on patient satisfaction
    Clinical Biomechanics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Sadeeq Ali, Hossein Gholizadeh, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, Niyousha Mortaza, Arezoo Eshraghi, Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background The Interface Pressure between the residual limb and prosthetic socket has a significant effect on an amputee's satisfaction and comfort. Liners provide a comfortable Interface by adding a soft cushion between the residual limb and the socket. The Dermo and the Seal-In X5 liner are two new Interface systems and, due to their relative infancy, very little are known about their effect on patient satisfaction. The aim of this study was to compare the Interface Pressure with these two liners and their effect on patient satisfaction. Methods Nine unilateral transtibial amputees participated in the study. Two prostheses were fabricated for each amputee, one with the Seal-In liner and one with the Dermo liner. Interface Pressure was measured at the anterior, posterior, medial and lateral regions during walking on the level ground. Each subject filled in a Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) regarding the satisfaction with the two liners. Findings The mean peak Pressures with the Seal-In liner was 34.0% higher at the anterior, 24.0% higher at the posterior and 7.0% higher at the medial regions of the socket ( P  = 0.008, P  = 0.046, P  = 0.025) than it was with the Dermo Liner. There were no significant differences in the mean peak Pressures between the two liners at the lateral regions. In addition, significant difference was found between the two liners both for satisfaction and problems ( P Interpretation There was less Interface Pressure between the socket and the residual limb with the Dermo liner. The results indicated that the Dermo liner provides more comfort in the socket than the Seal-In liner.

  • Interface Pressure profile analysis for patellar tendon bearing socket and hydrostatic socket
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Eng Kuan Moo, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, W.d. Spence, Belinda Pingguanmurphy, Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas, S.e. Solomonidis
    Abstract:

    Conventionally, patellar tendon-bearing (PTB) sockets, which need high dexterity of prosthetist, are widely used. Lack of chartered and experienced prosthetist has often led to painful experience of wearing prosthesis and this will in turn deter the patients to wear the prosthesis, which will further aggravate stump shrinkage. Thus, the hydrostatic socket which demands relatively lower level of fabricating skill is proposed to replace the PTB socket in order to produce the equivalent, if not better, quality of support to the amputee patients. Both sockets' Pressure profiles are studied and compared using finite element analysis (FEA) software. Three-dimensional models of both sockets were developed using MIMICS software. The analysis results showed that hydrostatic socket did exhibit more uniform Pressure profiles than that of PTB socket. PTB socket showed Pressure concentration near the proximal brim of the socket and also at the distal fibula. It was also found that the Pressure magnitude in hydrostatic socket is relatively lower than that of PTB socket.