The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rafael Fernández - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Some Scenarios for Russian Oil Exports up to 2020
Europe-Asia Studies, 2009Co-Authors: Rafael FernándezAbstract:Abstract This article analyses the potential for Russian oil export growth through the next decade. It concludes that supply for exports will continue to grow, albeit moderately. The greater or lesser intensity of that growth will depend on the evolution of both production and Internal Consumption, and especially on the reaction by investors to sector changes promoted by government energy policy. From this analysis, we find three likely scenarios for Russian oil exports. The most positive envisages it will be possible to diversify exports while the most negative suggests that Russia will have scant opportunity to develop an export diversification strategy.
-
Russian gas exports have potential to grow through 2020
Energy Policy, 2009Co-Authors: Rafael FernándezAbstract:This paper analyzes the potential for Russian gas export growth through the next decade and concludes that supply for exports will continue to grow, albeit moderately. The greater or lesser intensity of that growth will depend on the evolution of both production and Internal Consumption. From the production side, the pace of growth depends on the status of gas reserves and, more importantly, on the investment program pursued by the State-owned gas giant Gazprom. From the demand side, evolution depends on the way Russia's wide potential for gas savings is managed. Through this analysis, we find three likely scenarios for Russian gas exports. In the most positive, diversification of exports will be possible. In the most negative, Russia will have scant opportunity to develop an export diversification strategy.
Gerald Albaum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The misplaced controversy about Internal Consumption: Not just a direct selling phenomenon
Business Horizons, 2015Co-Authors: Victoria L. Crittenden, Gerald AlbaumAbstract:Abstract Internal Consumption in the direct selling industry has been at the heart of many debates over the past couple of decades. In this article, we contend that Internal Consumption is a widespread practice at all levels of the distribution channel and not something limited to the direct selling or the multilevel marketing (MLM) retail arena. While government regulators in some countries attempt to use this practice in MLM as prima facie evidence of illegal pyramiding, the results presented here provide evidence of the widespread use of Internal Consumption in all aspects of retailing. Thus, to attribute Internal Consumption as a negative aspect solely within the direct selling marketplace shows a misplaced understanding with regard to personal use, discounts, and company recruiting efforts. At the same time, however, our research shows that discounted purchasing of product for personal use likely brings little value to the company since it does not appear to result in increased job satisfaction or organizational loyalty from either the affected employees or the customer base.
-
On the Ethicality of Internal Consumption in Multilevel Marketing
Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 2007Co-Authors: Robert A. Peterson, Gerald AlbaumAbstract:This paper examines the ethicality of Internal Consumption in multilevel marketing. Internal Consumption occurs when distributors in a multilevel marketing organization purchase and personally consume the products and services of their multilevel marketing firm. The paper documents that Internal Consumption is a common, widespread phenomenon found in all types of firms and that criticism of this aspect of multilevel marketing as being unethical and fraudulent is misplaced.
N. Prakash - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A Review of integrating solar collectors to solar still
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Ravishankar Sathyamurthy, S.a. El-agouz, P.k. Nagarajan, J. Subramani, Thirugnanasambantham Arunkumar, D. Mageshbabu, B. Madhu, R. Bharathwaaj, N. PrakashAbstract:Abstract Water is one of the important sources for the survival of living species on the earth. As earth having only a small amount of water resources for drinking purpose people in rural and urban areas are getting affected by consuming contaminated water that leads to water-borne diseases. Even ground water has to be properly treated before its use for Internal Consumption. Salt water contains dissolved and undissolved contents and hence it is not suitable for domestic purpose (cleaning, washing, bathing, etc.). This paper completely deals with the detailed review of a solar still integrated to solar collectors for augmenting the yield of fresh water. However, these methods appear to be uneconomical to the middle and low-income families. The yield, economic aspects and payback period of different solar still are reviewed, and a possible conclusion with the integration of low-cost solar water heater and nanofluids in solar water heater are arrived.
Kaile Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Forecasting of electricity price subsidy based on installed cost of distributed photovoltaic in China
Energy Procedia, 2019Co-Authors: Changhui Yang, Rui Yao, Kaile ZhouAbstract:Abstract In China, the installed cost of distributed photovoltaic (DPV) is declining rapidly. However, the level of subsidy per kWh for DPV is adjusted less frequently by the Chinese government. This paper proposed a linkage model to forecast subsidy per kWh of DPV based on net present value (NPV) method. The results show that the increase of subsidy duration, Internal Consumption proportion and sunshine hours will reduce subsidy level. Therefore, it is suggested that the Chinese government should take varied and targeted measures, such as reducing different subsidies for new DPV users who install DPV in different years, choosing a longer subsidy duration and setting different subsidy levels in different regions. These varied and targeted measures are beneficial to both government and users, because they can reduce the annual financial burden for the government and the surcharges of electricity purchase for users.
Stephan Hausl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Energy Supply for Buildings with Focus on Solar Power in the Urban Context – An Interactive Webtool for Citizens
Energy Procedia, 2016Co-Authors: Bernhard Castellazzi, Markus Biberacher, Stephan HauslAbstract:Abstract Many cities nowadays offer Web-GIS applications to view data about solar potentials for buildings. However, the actual benefit of such solar data can only be investigated, if it is not considered singularly, but in combination with information about temporal appearance of energy demand (heat & electricity), type of heating system, hourly Internal Consumption of photovoltaic power and other aspects. Hence, the presented analysis tool addresses citizens, who are interested in the integration of solar power in buildings and would like to have an extended view on related impacts. The tool was developed within the Central Europe project „Cities on Power”.