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Elad Yom-tov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Real-world evidence on the effect of missing a dose of oral contraceptive: An examination of Internet Search Engine queries (Preprint)
Journal of medical Internet research, 2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Sharon Orshalimy, Elad Yom-tovAbstract:BACKGROUND Oral contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication with which a memory slip may result in a threat that could change a person's life course. Subjective concerns of missed OC doses among women have been addressed infrequently. Anonymized queries to Internet Search Engines provide unique access to concerns and information gaps faced by a large number of Internet users. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantitate the frequency of queries by women seeking information in an Internet Search Engine, after missing one or more doses of an OC; their further queries on emergency contraception, abortion, and miscarriage; and their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. METHODS We extracted all English-language queries submitted to Bing in the United States during 2018, which mentioned a missed OC and subsequent queries of the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives, and week of pregnancy. RESULTS We identified 26,395 Bing users in the United States who queried about missing OC pills and the fraction that further queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive, and week of pregnancy. Users under the age of 30 years who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (1.5 times) and emergency contraception (1.7 times) (P
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Internet Search Engine queries on abortion and miscarriage peak after a query on missing a dose of oral contraceptive
Endocrine Abstracts, 2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Elad Yom-tovAbstract:Objective: Oral Contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication where a slip of memory may be experienced as a threat that could change the life course of a person. Internet Search Engine queries provide a unique access to concerns and information gaps in a large number of Internet users. We sought to quantitate Internet Search Engine queries on missing one or more doses of an OC and subsequent queries on emergency contraception, abortion and miscarriage. We also quantified their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. Study design: We extracted all Bing English-language queries submitted in the US during 2018 mentioning a missed OC, and further queries by the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives and week of pregnancy and analyzed temporal trends and query frequency in different age groups. Results: We identified 26.395 Bing users in the US who Searched Bing on missing OC pills and the subfraction who queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive and week of pregnancy after their initial missed OC query. Users under the age of 30 who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (× 1.5) and emergency contraception (× 1.7) (P-value = 0.00 006 and 0.00 001, respectively), while at ages 30–34 queries about pregnancy (× 2.1) and miscarriage (× 5.4) were more likely (P-value = 0.000002 and 0.000004, respectively). Conclusion(s): A large number of women ask about missing a dose of OC, either because they have not have received sufficient information from their healthcare providers or because they preferred to obtain information online. Queries about abortion and miscarriage peaking in subsequent days may indicate a common worry of possible pregnancy.
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Real-World Evidence on the Effect of Missing an Oral Contraceptive Dose: Analysis of Internet Search Engine Queries (Preprint)
2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Sharon Orshalimy, Elad Yom-tovAbstract:BACKGROUND Oral contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication with which a memory slip may result in a threat that could change a person’s life course. Subjective concerns of missed OC doses among women have been addressed infrequently. Anonymized queries to Internet Search Engines provide unique access to concerns and information gaps faced by a large number of Internet users. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantitate the frequency of queries by women seeking information in an Internet Search Engine, after missing one or more doses of an OC; their further queries on emergency contraception, abortion, and miscarriage; and their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. METHODS We extracted all English-language queries submitted to Bing in the United States during 2018, which mentioned a missed OC and subsequent queries of the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives, and week of pregnancy. RESULTS We identified 26,395 Bing users in the United States who queried about missing OC pills and the fraction that further queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive, and week of pregnancy. Users under the age of 30 years who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (1.5 times) and emergency contraception (1.7 times) (<i>P</i><.001 for both), while users at ages of 30-34 years were more likely to query about pregnancy (2.1 times) and miscarriage (5.4 times) (<i>P</i><.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that many women missing a dose of OC might not have received sufficient information from their health care providers or chose to obtain it online. Queries about abortion and miscarriage peaking in the subsequent days indicate a common worry of possible pregnancy. These results reinforce the importance of providing comprehensive written information on missed pills when prescribing an OC.
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Respiratory syncytial virus tracking using Internet Search Engine data.
BMC public health, 2018Co-Authors: Eyal Oren, Justin J. Frere, Eran Yom-tov, Elad Yom-tovAbstract:Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in children less than 1 year of age in the United States. Internet Search Engine queries may provide high resolution temporal and spatial data to estimate and predict disease activity. After filtering an initial list of 613 symptoms using high-resolution Bing Search logs, we used Google Trends data between 2004 and 2016 for a smaller list of 50 terms to build predictive models of RSV incidence for five states where long-term surveillance data was available. We then used domain adaptation to model RSV incidence for the 45 remaining US states. Surveillance data sources (hospitalization and laboratory reports) were highly correlated, as were laboratory reports with Search Engine data. The four terms which were most often statistically significantly correlated as time series with the surveillance data in the five state models were RSV, flu, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis. Using our models, we tracked the spread of RSV by observing the time of peak use of the Search term in different states. In general, the RSV peak moved from south-east (Florida) to the north-west US. Our study represents the first time that RSV has been tracked using Internet data results and highlights successful use of Search filters and domain adaptation techniques, using data at multiple resolutions. Our approach may assist in identifying spread of both local and more widespread RSV transmission and may be applicable to other seasonal conditions where comprehensive epidemiological data is difficult to collect or obtain.
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Predicting Drug Recalls From Internet Search Engine Queries
IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Elad Yom-tovAbstract:Batches of pharmaceuticals are sometimes recalled from the market when a safety issue or a defect is detected in specific production runs of a drug. Such problems are usually detected when patients or healthcare providers report abnormalities to medical authorities. Here, we test the hypothesis that defective production lots can be detected earlier by monitoring queries to Internet Search Engines. We extracted queries from the USA to the Bing Search Engine, which mentioned one of the 5195 pharmaceutical drugs during 2015 and all recall notifications issued by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) during that year. By using attributes that quantify the change in query volume at the state level, we attempted to predict if a recall of a specific drug will be ordered by FDA in a time horizon ranging from 1 to 40 days in future. Our results show that future drug recalls can indeed be identified with an AUC of 0.791 and a lift at 5% of approximately 6 when predicting a recall occurring one day ahead. This performance degrades as prediction is made for longer periods ahead. The most indicative attributes for prediction are sudden spikes in query volume about a specific medicine in each state. Recalls of prescription drugs and those estimated to be of medium-risk are more likely to be identified using Search query data. These findings suggest that aggregated Internet Search Engine data can be used to facilitate in early warning of faulty batches of medicines.
Elad Yomtov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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real world evidence on the effect of missing a dose of oral contraceptive an examination of Internet Search Engine queries preprint
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Sharon Orshalimy, Elad YomtovAbstract:BACKGROUND Oral contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication with which a memory slip may result in a threat that could change a person's life course. Subjective concerns of missed OC doses among women have been addressed infrequently. Anonymized queries to Internet Search Engines provide unique access to concerns and information gaps faced by a large number of Internet users. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantitate the frequency of queries by women seeking information in an Internet Search Engine, after missing one or more doses of an OC; their further queries on emergency contraception, abortion, and miscarriage; and their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. METHODS We extracted all English-language queries submitted to Bing in the United States during 2018, which mentioned a missed OC and subsequent queries of the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives, and week of pregnancy. RESULTS We identified 26,395 Bing users in the United States who queried about missing OC pills and the fraction that further queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive, and week of pregnancy. Users under the age of 30 years who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (1.5 times) and emergency contraception (1.7 times) (P<.001 for both), while users at ages of 30-34 years were more likely to query about pregnancy (2.1 times) and miscarriage (5.4 times) (P<.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that many women missing a dose of OC might not have received sufficient information from their health care providers or chose to obtain it online. Queries about abortion and miscarriage peaking in the subsequent days indicate a common worry of possible pregnancy. These results reinforce the importance of providing comprehensive written information on missed pills when prescribing an OC.
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can Internet Search Engine queries be used to diagnose diabetes analysis of archival Search data
Acta Diabetologica, 2019Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Deeb Daoud, Naim Shehadeh, Elad YomtovAbstract:Diabetes is often diagnosed late. This study aimed to assess the possibility for earlier detection of diabetes from Search data, using predictive models trained on large-scale data. We extracted all English-language queries made by people in the USA to Bing during 1 year and identified queries containing symptoms of diabetes. We compared the ability of four different prediction models (linear regression, logistic regression, decision tree and random forest) to distinguish between users who stated that they were diagnosed with diabetes and users who did not refer to diabetes or diabetes drugs but queried about at least one of the symptoms. We identified 11,050 “new diabetes users” who stated they had been diagnosed with diabetes and approximately 11.5 million “control users” who queried about symptoms without querying for terms related to diabetes. Both the logistic regression and the random forest models were able to distinguish between the populations with an area under curve of 0.92 which translates to a positive predictive value of 56% at a false-positive rate of 1%. The model could identify patients up to 240 days before they mentioned being diagnosed. Some undiagnosed diabetes patients can be detected accurately according to their symptom queries to a Search Engine. Such earlier diagnosis, especially in cases of type 1 diabetes, could be clinically meaningful. The ability of Search Engines to serve as a population-wide screening tool could potentially be improved using additional data provided by users.
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can Internet Search Engine queries be used to diagnose diabetes analysis of archival Search data
Acta Diabetologica, 2019Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Deeb Daoud, Naim Shehadeh, Elad YomtovAbstract:AIMS Diabetes is often diagnosed late. This study aimed to assess the possibility for earlier detection of diabetes from Search data, using predictive models trained on large-scale data. METHODS We extracted all English-language queries made by people in the USA to Bing during 1 year and identified queries containing symptoms of diabetes. We compared the ability of four different prediction models (linear regression, logistic regression, decision tree and random forest) to distinguish between users who stated that they were diagnosed with diabetes and users who did not refer to diabetes or diabetes drugs but queried about at least one of the symptoms. RESULTS We identified 11,050 "new diabetes users" who stated they had been diagnosed with diabetes and approximately 11.5 million "control users" who queried about symptoms without querying for terms related to diabetes. Both the logistic regression and the random forest models were able to distinguish between the populations with an area under curve of 0.92 which translates to a positive predictive value of 56% at a false-positive rate of 1%. The model could identify patients up to 240 days before they mentioned being diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS Some undiagnosed diabetes patients can be detected accurately according to their symptom queries to a Search Engine. Such earlier diagnosis, especially in cases of type 1 diabetes, could be clinically meaningful. The ability of Search Engines to serve as a population-wide screening tool could potentially be improved using additional data provided by users.
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information is in the eye of the beholder seeking information on the mmr vaccine through an Internet Search Engine
American Medical Informatics Association Annual Symposium, 2014Co-Authors: Elad Yomtov, Luis FernandezluqueAbstract:Vaccination campaigns are one of the most important and successful public health programs ever undertaken. People who want to learn about vaccines in order to make an informed decision on whether to vaccinate are faced with a wealth of information on the Internet, both for and against vaccinations. In this paper we develop an automated way to score Internet Search queries and web pages as to the likelihood that a person making these queries or reading those pages would decide to vaccinate. We apply this method to data from a major Internet Search Engine, while people seek information about the Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. We show that our method is accurate, and use it to learn about the information acquisition process of people. Our results show that people who are pro-vaccination as well as people who are anti-vaccination seek similar information, but browsing this information has differing effect on their future browsing. These findings demonstrate the need for health authorities to tailor their information according to the current stance of users.
David G. Ingram - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal trends in sleep disordered breathing evidence from Internet Search Engine query data
Sleep and Breathing, 2015Co-Authors: Camilla K Matthews, David G. Ingram, David T. PlanteAbstract:Objective The primary aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that there is a seasonal component to snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through the use of Google Search Engine query data.
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Seasonal trends in tinnitus symptomatology: evidence from Internet Search Engine query data.
European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated wi, 2014Co-Authors: David T. Plante, David G. IngramAbstract:The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the symptom of tinnitus demonstrates a seasonal pattern with worsening in the winter relative to the summer using Internet Search Engine query data. Normalized Search volume for the term ‘tinnitus’ from January 2004 through December 2013 was retrieved from Google Trends. Seasonal effects were evaluated using cosinor regression models. Primary countries of interest were the United States and Australia. Secondary exploratory analyses were also performed using data from Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada, Sweden, and Switzerland. Significant seasonal effects for ‘tinnitus’ Search queries were found in the United States and Australia (p < 0.00001 for both countries), with peaks in the winter and troughs in the summer. Secondary analyses demonstrated similarly significant seasonal effects for Germany (p < 0.00001), Canada (p < 0.00001), and Sweden (p = 0.0008), again with increased Search volume in the winter relative to the summer. Our findings indicate that there are significant seasonal trends for Internet Search queries for tinnitus, with a zenith in winter months. Further reSearch is indicated to determine the biological mechanisms underlying these findings, as they may provide insights into the pathophysiology of this common and debilitating medical symptom.
Irit Hochberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Real-world evidence on the effect of missing a dose of oral contraceptive: An examination of Internet Search Engine queries (Preprint)
Journal of medical Internet research, 2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Sharon Orshalimy, Elad Yom-tovAbstract:BACKGROUND Oral contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication with which a memory slip may result in a threat that could change a person's life course. Subjective concerns of missed OC doses among women have been addressed infrequently. Anonymized queries to Internet Search Engines provide unique access to concerns and information gaps faced by a large number of Internet users. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantitate the frequency of queries by women seeking information in an Internet Search Engine, after missing one or more doses of an OC; their further queries on emergency contraception, abortion, and miscarriage; and their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. METHODS We extracted all English-language queries submitted to Bing in the United States during 2018, which mentioned a missed OC and subsequent queries of the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives, and week of pregnancy. RESULTS We identified 26,395 Bing users in the United States who queried about missing OC pills and the fraction that further queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive, and week of pregnancy. Users under the age of 30 years who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (1.5 times) and emergency contraception (1.7 times) (P
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Internet Search Engine queries on abortion and miscarriage peak after a query on missing a dose of oral contraceptive
Endocrine Abstracts, 2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Elad Yom-tovAbstract:Objective: Oral Contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication where a slip of memory may be experienced as a threat that could change the life course of a person. Internet Search Engine queries provide a unique access to concerns and information gaps in a large number of Internet users. We sought to quantitate Internet Search Engine queries on missing one or more doses of an OC and subsequent queries on emergency contraception, abortion and miscarriage. We also quantified their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. Study design: We extracted all Bing English-language queries submitted in the US during 2018 mentioning a missed OC, and further queries by the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives and week of pregnancy and analyzed temporal trends and query frequency in different age groups. Results: We identified 26.395 Bing users in the US who Searched Bing on missing OC pills and the subfraction who queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive and week of pregnancy after their initial missed OC query. Users under the age of 30 who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (× 1.5) and emergency contraception (× 1.7) (P-value = 0.00 006 and 0.00 001, respectively), while at ages 30–34 queries about pregnancy (× 2.1) and miscarriage (× 5.4) were more likely (P-value = 0.000002 and 0.000004, respectively). Conclusion(s): A large number of women ask about missing a dose of OC, either because they have not have received sufficient information from their healthcare providers or because they preferred to obtain information online. Queries about abortion and miscarriage peaking in subsequent days may indicate a common worry of possible pregnancy.
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Real-World Evidence on the Effect of Missing an Oral Contraceptive Dose: Analysis of Internet Search Engine Queries (Preprint)
2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Sharon Orshalimy, Elad Yom-tovAbstract:BACKGROUND Oral contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication with which a memory slip may result in a threat that could change a person’s life course. Subjective concerns of missed OC doses among women have been addressed infrequently. Anonymized queries to Internet Search Engines provide unique access to concerns and information gaps faced by a large number of Internet users. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantitate the frequency of queries by women seeking information in an Internet Search Engine, after missing one or more doses of an OC; their further queries on emergency contraception, abortion, and miscarriage; and their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. METHODS We extracted all English-language queries submitted to Bing in the United States during 2018, which mentioned a missed OC and subsequent queries of the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives, and week of pregnancy. RESULTS We identified 26,395 Bing users in the United States who queried about missing OC pills and the fraction that further queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive, and week of pregnancy. Users under the age of 30 years who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (1.5 times) and emergency contraception (1.7 times) (<i>P</i><.001 for both), while users at ages of 30-34 years were more likely to query about pregnancy (2.1 times) and miscarriage (5.4 times) (<i>P</i><.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that many women missing a dose of OC might not have received sufficient information from their health care providers or chose to obtain it online. Queries about abortion and miscarriage peaking in the subsequent days indicate a common worry of possible pregnancy. These results reinforce the importance of providing comprehensive written information on missed pills when prescribing an OC.
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real world evidence on the effect of missing a dose of oral contraceptive an examination of Internet Search Engine queries preprint
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2020Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Sharon Orshalimy, Elad YomtovAbstract:BACKGROUND Oral contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication with which a memory slip may result in a threat that could change a person's life course. Subjective concerns of missed OC doses among women have been addressed infrequently. Anonymized queries to Internet Search Engines provide unique access to concerns and information gaps faced by a large number of Internet users. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantitate the frequency of queries by women seeking information in an Internet Search Engine, after missing one or more doses of an OC; their further queries on emergency contraception, abortion, and miscarriage; and their rate of reporting a pregnancy timed to the cycle of missing an OC. METHODS We extracted all English-language queries submitted to Bing in the United States during 2018, which mentioned a missed OC and subsequent queries of the same users on miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptives, and week of pregnancy. RESULTS We identified 26,395 Bing users in the United States who queried about missing OC pills and the fraction that further queried about miscarriage, abortion, emergency contraceptive, and week of pregnancy. Users under the age of 30 years who asked about forgetting an OC dose were more likely to ask about abortion (1.5 times) and emergency contraception (1.7 times) (P<.001 for both), while users at ages of 30-34 years were more likely to query about pregnancy (2.1 times) and miscarriage (5.4 times) (P<.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that many women missing a dose of OC might not have received sufficient information from their health care providers or chose to obtain it online. Queries about abortion and miscarriage peaking in the subsequent days indicate a common worry of possible pregnancy. These results reinforce the importance of providing comprehensive written information on missed pills when prescribing an OC.
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can Internet Search Engine queries be used to diagnose diabetes analysis of archival Search data
Acta Diabetologica, 2019Co-Authors: Irit Hochberg, Deeb Daoud, Naim Shehadeh, Elad YomtovAbstract:Diabetes is often diagnosed late. This study aimed to assess the possibility for earlier detection of diabetes from Search data, using predictive models trained on large-scale data. We extracted all English-language queries made by people in the USA to Bing during 1 year and identified queries containing symptoms of diabetes. We compared the ability of four different prediction models (linear regression, logistic regression, decision tree and random forest) to distinguish between users who stated that they were diagnosed with diabetes and users who did not refer to diabetes or diabetes drugs but queried about at least one of the symptoms. We identified 11,050 “new diabetes users” who stated they had been diagnosed with diabetes and approximately 11.5 million “control users” who queried about symptoms without querying for terms related to diabetes. Both the logistic regression and the random forest models were able to distinguish between the populations with an area under curve of 0.92 which translates to a positive predictive value of 56% at a false-positive rate of 1%. The model could identify patients up to 240 days before they mentioned being diagnosed. Some undiagnosed diabetes patients can be detected accurately according to their symptom queries to a Search Engine. Such earlier diagnosis, especially in cases of type 1 diabetes, could be clinically meaningful. The ability of Search Engines to serve as a population-wide screening tool could potentially be improved using additional data provided by users.
David T. Plante - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal trends in sleep disordered breathing evidence from Internet Search Engine query data
Sleep and Breathing, 2015Co-Authors: Camilla K Matthews, David G. Ingram, David T. PlanteAbstract:Objective The primary aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that there is a seasonal component to snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through the use of Google Search Engine query data.
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Seasonal trends in tinnitus symptomatology: evidence from Internet Search Engine query data.
European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated wi, 2014Co-Authors: David T. Plante, David G. IngramAbstract:The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the symptom of tinnitus demonstrates a seasonal pattern with worsening in the winter relative to the summer using Internet Search Engine query data. Normalized Search volume for the term ‘tinnitus’ from January 2004 through December 2013 was retrieved from Google Trends. Seasonal effects were evaluated using cosinor regression models. Primary countries of interest were the United States and Australia. Secondary exploratory analyses were also performed using data from Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada, Sweden, and Switzerland. Significant seasonal effects for ‘tinnitus’ Search queries were found in the United States and Australia (p < 0.00001 for both countries), with peaks in the winter and troughs in the summer. Secondary analyses demonstrated similarly significant seasonal effects for Germany (p < 0.00001), Canada (p < 0.00001), and Sweden (p = 0.0008), again with increased Search volume in the winter relative to the summer. Our findings indicate that there are significant seasonal trends for Internet Search queries for tinnitus, with a zenith in winter months. Further reSearch is indicated to determine the biological mechanisms underlying these findings, as they may provide insights into the pathophysiology of this common and debilitating medical symptom.