The Experts below are selected from a list of 114852 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
James R. Martindale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Handheld Computer Smoking Intervention Tool and Its Effects on Physician Smoking Cessation Counseling
Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM, 2006Co-Authors: Scott M. Strayer, Lisa K. Rollins, James R. MartindaleAbstract:Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate a handheld computer smoking cessation Intervention Tool designed to assist physicians in their smoking cessation counseling with patients. Methods: This study used a pre/post survey design, with a 4-month trial period for the software. Study participants included 22 faculty and resident physicians from the University of Virginia. Paired samples t tests were used to assess mean differences in the 4 main subscales (physician behavior, attitudes, comfort related to counseling patients about smoking cessation, and knowledge). Results: No statistically significant mean differences were found for physician behavior (mean increase = 0.44, P = .55) or physician attitude (mean increase = 0.44, P = .16). A statistically significant mean increase of 2.29 was observed for the physician comfort subscale ( t = 3.87, df = 16, P = .001). Physicians indicated improved comfort in counseling patients about smoking cessation ( P = .007) and improved comfort in using the Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guidelines ( P = .012). Conclusion: Physician comfort level in counseling patients about smoking cessation can be improved through handheld computer software. When used in conjunction with other practice modifications, this Tool has the potential to improve physician smoking cessation Intervention practices.
Scott M. Strayer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Handheld Computer Smoking Intervention Tool and Its Effects on Physician Smoking Cessation Counseling
Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM, 2006Co-Authors: Scott M. Strayer, Lisa K. Rollins, James R. MartindaleAbstract:Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate a handheld computer smoking cessation Intervention Tool designed to assist physicians in their smoking cessation counseling with patients. Methods: This study used a pre/post survey design, with a 4-month trial period for the software. Study participants included 22 faculty and resident physicians from the University of Virginia. Paired samples t tests were used to assess mean differences in the 4 main subscales (physician behavior, attitudes, comfort related to counseling patients about smoking cessation, and knowledge). Results: No statistically significant mean differences were found for physician behavior (mean increase = 0.44, P = .55) or physician attitude (mean increase = 0.44, P = .16). A statistically significant mean increase of 2.29 was observed for the physician comfort subscale ( t = 3.87, df = 16, P = .001). Physicians indicated improved comfort in counseling patients about smoking cessation ( P = .007) and improved comfort in using the Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guidelines ( P = .012). Conclusion: Physician comfort level in counseling patients about smoking cessation can be improved through handheld computer software. When used in conjunction with other practice modifications, this Tool has the potential to improve physician smoking cessation Intervention practices.
John P. Holcomb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Capability of 2 Gait Measures for Detecting Response to Gait Training in Stroke Survivors: Gait Assessment and Intervention Tool and The Tinetti Gait Scale
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2012Co-Authors: Janice L. Zimbelman, Janis J. Daly, Kristen Roenigk, Kristi Butler, Richard Burdsall, John P. HolcombAbstract:Abstract Zimbelman J, Daly JJ, Roenigk KL, Butler K, Burdsall R, Holcomb JP. Capability of 2 gait measures for detecting response to gait training in stroke survivors: Gait Assessment and Intervention Tool and the Tinetti Gait Scale. Objective To characterize the performance of 2 observational gait measures, the Tinetti Gait Scale (TGS) and the Gait Assessment and Intervention Tool (G.A.I.T.), in identifying improvement in gait in response to gait training. Design In secondary analysis from a larger study of multimodal gait training for stroke survivors, we measured gait at pre-, mid-, and posttreatment according to G.A.I.T. and TGS, assessing their capability to capture recovery of coordinated gait components. Setting Large medical center. Participants Cohort of stroke survivors (N=44) greater than 6 months after stroke. Interventions All subjects received 48 sessions of a multimodal gait-training protocol. Treatment consisted of 1.5 hours per session, 4 sessions per week for 12 weeks, receiving these 3 treatment aspects: (1) coordination exercise, (2) body weight–supported treadmill training, and (3) overground gait training, with 46% of subjects receiving functional electrical stimulation. Main Outcome Measures All subjects were evaluated with the G.A.I.T. and TGS before and after completing the 48-session Intervention. An additional evaluation was performed at midtreatment (after session 24). Results For the total subject sample, there were significant pre-/post-, pre-/mid-, and mid-/posttreatment gains for both the G.A.I.T. and the TGS. According to the G.A.I.T., 40 subjects (91%) showed improved scores, 2 (4%) no change, and 2 (4%) a worsening score. According to the TGS, only 26 subjects (59%) showed improved scores, 16 (36%) no change, and 1 (2%) a worsening score. For 1 treatment group of chronic stroke survivors, the TGS failed to identify a significant treatment response to gait training, whereas the G.A.I.T. measure was successful. Conclusions The G.A.I.T. is more sensitive than the TGS for individual patients and group treatment response in identifying recovery of volitional control of gait components in response to gait training.
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Development and testing of the Gait Assessment and Intervention Tool (G.A.I.T.): a measure of coordinated gait components.
Journal of neuroscience methods, 2008Co-Authors: Janis J. Daly, Kristen Roenigk, Kristi Butler, Richard Burdsall, J. Nethery, Jessica Mccabe, I. Brenner, Jean Rogers, J. Gansen, John P. HolcombAbstract:Recent neuroscience methods have provided the basis upon which to develop effective gait training methods for recovery of the coordinated components of gait after neural injury. We determined that there was not an existing observational measure that was, at once, adequately comprehensive, scored in an objectively-based manner, and capable of assessing incremental improvements in the coordinated components of gait. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to use content valid procedures in order to develop a relatively inexpensive, more comprehensive measure, scored with an objectively-based system, capable of incrementally scoring improvements in given items, and that was both reliable and capable of discriminating treatment response for those who had a stroke. Eight neurorehabilitation specialists developed criteria for the gait measure, item content, and scoring method. In subjects following stroke (>12 months), the new measure was tested for intra- and inter-rater reliability using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient; capability to detect treatment response using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test; and discrimination between treatment groups, using the Plum Ordinal Regression. The Gait Assessment and Intervention Tool (G.A.I.T.) is a 31-item measure of the coordinated movement components of gait and associated gait deficits. It exhibited the following advantages: comprehensive, objective-based scoring method, incremental measurement of improvement within given items. The G.A.I.T. had good intra- and inter-rater reliability (ICC=.98, p=.0001, 95% CI=.95, .99; ICC=.83, p=.007, 95% CI=.32, .96, respectively. The inexperienced clinician who had training, had an inter-rater reliability with an experienced rater of ICC=.99 (p=.0001, CI=.97, .999). The G.A.I.T. detected improvement in response to gait training for two types of Interventions: comprehensive gait training (z=-2.93, p=.003); and comprehensive gait training plus functional electrical stimulation (FES; z=-3.3, p=.001). The G.A.I.T. was capable of discriminating between two gait training Interventions, showing an additive advantage of FES to otherwise comparable comprehensive gait training (parameter estimate=1.72, p=.021; CI, .25, 3.1).
Frederik J. Van Schooten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic variation as a predictor of smoking cessation success. A promising preventive and Intervention Tool for chronic respiratory diseases?
European Respiratory Journal, 2009Co-Authors: M. Quaak, A. M. Knaapen, Constant Paul Van Schayck, Frederik J. Van SchootenAbstract:Tobacco smoking continues to be the largest preventable cause of premature morbidity and mortality throughout the world, including chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although most smokers are highly motivated to quit and many smoking cessation therapies are available, cessation rates remain very low. Recent research strongly suggests that variation in genetic background is an important determinant of smoking behaviour and addiction. Since these genetic variants might also influence the response to smoking cessation pharmacotherapies, it is likely that assessment of genetic background could be a promising Tool to guide selection of the most effective cessation treatment for an individual smoker. Recently, it has been shown that genetic variants in the dopaminergic system, opioid receptors, the bupropion-metabolising enzyme CYP2B6 and the nicotine-metabolising enzyme CYP2A6 may play an important role in predicting smoking cessation responses to nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion treatment. Despite the progress that has been made, several challenges will still have to be overcome before genetically tailored smoking cessation therapy can be implemented in standard clinical practice.
Lisa K. Rollins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Handheld Computer Smoking Intervention Tool and Its Effects on Physician Smoking Cessation Counseling
Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM, 2006Co-Authors: Scott M. Strayer, Lisa K. Rollins, James R. MartindaleAbstract:Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate a handheld computer smoking cessation Intervention Tool designed to assist physicians in their smoking cessation counseling with patients. Methods: This study used a pre/post survey design, with a 4-month trial period for the software. Study participants included 22 faculty and resident physicians from the University of Virginia. Paired samples t tests were used to assess mean differences in the 4 main subscales (physician behavior, attitudes, comfort related to counseling patients about smoking cessation, and knowledge). Results: No statistically significant mean differences were found for physician behavior (mean increase = 0.44, P = .55) or physician attitude (mean increase = 0.44, P = .16). A statistically significant mean increase of 2.29 was observed for the physician comfort subscale ( t = 3.87, df = 16, P = .001). Physicians indicated improved comfort in counseling patients about smoking cessation ( P = .007) and improved comfort in using the Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guidelines ( P = .012). Conclusion: Physician comfort level in counseling patients about smoking cessation can be improved through handheld computer software. When used in conjunction with other practice modifications, this Tool has the potential to improve physician smoking cessation Intervention practices.
