The Experts below are selected from a list of 180 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Claudia Werker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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keith pavitt and the Invisible College of the economics of technology and innovation
Research Policy, 2004Co-Authors: Bart Verspagen, Claudia WerkerAbstract:This paper uses a database on scientific interaction in the field of the economics of technological change and innovation. The database is used to address two issues. First, the network is shown to be (approximately) scale-free. This suggests that growth of the number of scholars active in the field and so-called preferential attachment (i.e., scholars entering the field prefer to attach themselves to highly reputable existing members of the network) are characteristic of the nature of the underlying field. Thus, increasing returns seem to govern mechanisms of reputation formation. Second, the potential existence of cohesive subgroups of relatively strongly connected scholars is explored, and the implications of this for the paradigmatic structure of the field are discussed.
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the Invisible College of the economics of innovation and technological change
Research Papers in Economics, 2003Co-Authors: Bart Verspagen, Claudia WerkerAbstract:The research area of the economics of innovation and technological change (EITC) has flourished over the past decades. While it was a relatively marginal field of economics in the 1950s and 1960s, the field has now grown to become a major part of economic analysis. Because many of the early scholars in the field were rather critical about the standard tools of (neoclassical) economics, EITC has become a research area in which a curious mix of mainstream methodology and alternative approaches co-exists and co-evolves. The paper reports on a survey that was conducted among scholars in the field. We construct networks of scholars, based on weak or strong linkages. Strong linkages are defined as relations between co-workers, weak linkages as relations between people that meet in the circuit of conferences, workshops, etc., or just read each other’s work. We also explore how network linkages are related to opinions on the field, e.g., which are the important journals or important centers of activity.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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the Invisible College of the economics of innovation and technological change
MERIT Research Memoranda, 2003Co-Authors: Bart Verspagen, Claudia WerkerAbstract:The research area of the economics of innovation and technological change (EITC) has flourished over the past decades. While it was a relatively marginal field of economics in the 1950s and 1960s, the field has now grown to become a major part of economic analysis. Because many of the early scholars in the field were rather critical about the standard tools of (neoclassical) economics, EITC has become a research area in which a curious mix of mainstream methodology and alternative approaches co-exists and co-evolves. The paper reports on a survey that was conducted among scholars in the field. We construct networks of scholars, based on weak or strong linkages. Strong linkages are defined as relations between co-workers, weak linkages as relations between people that meet in the circuit of conferences, workshops, etc., or just read each other's work. We also explore how network linkages are related to opinions on the field, e.g., which are the important journals or important centers of activity.
R Subramaniam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of scientific academies and scientific societies in promoting science and technology experiences from singapore
International Journal of Technology Management, 2009Co-Authors: R SubramaniamAbstract:The example of the Singapore National Academy of Science (SNAS), as well as its constituent scientific societies, is used to illustrate the point that an "Invisible College cum voluntary cadre" model affords tremendous scope for jump-starting the formation of scientific academies and scientific societies. Over the years, this model of operation has been effective in establishing a diversified portfolio of programmes and activities in a cost-effective manner, and this has contributed significantly to the promotion of science and technology in Singapore, thus complementing/supplementing official efforts in this direction. Some lessons for developing countries based on the Singapore experience are suggested.
Alesia A Zuccala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling the Invisible College
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Alesia A ZuccalaAbstract:This article addresses the Invisible College concept with the intent of developing a consensus regarding its definition. Emphasis is placed on the term as it was defined and used in Derek de Solla Price's work (1963, 1986) and reviewed on the basis of its thematic progress in past research over the years. Special attention is given to Lievrouw's (1990) article concerning the structure versus social process problem to show that both conditions are essential to the Invisible College and may be reconciled. A new definition of the Invisible College is also introduced, including a proposed research model. With this model, researchers are encouraged to study the Invisible College by focusing on three critical components—the subject specialty, the scientists as social actors, and the information use environment (IUE). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bart Verspagen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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keith pavitt and the Invisible College of the economics of technology and innovation
Research Policy, 2004Co-Authors: Bart Verspagen, Claudia WerkerAbstract:This paper uses a database on scientific interaction in the field of the economics of technological change and innovation. The database is used to address two issues. First, the network is shown to be (approximately) scale-free. This suggests that growth of the number of scholars active in the field and so-called preferential attachment (i.e., scholars entering the field prefer to attach themselves to highly reputable existing members of the network) are characteristic of the nature of the underlying field. Thus, increasing returns seem to govern mechanisms of reputation formation. Second, the potential existence of cohesive subgroups of relatively strongly connected scholars is explored, and the implications of this for the paradigmatic structure of the field are discussed.
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the Invisible College of the economics of innovation and technological change
Research Papers in Economics, 2003Co-Authors: Bart Verspagen, Claudia WerkerAbstract:The research area of the economics of innovation and technological change (EITC) has flourished over the past decades. While it was a relatively marginal field of economics in the 1950s and 1960s, the field has now grown to become a major part of economic analysis. Because many of the early scholars in the field were rather critical about the standard tools of (neoclassical) economics, EITC has become a research area in which a curious mix of mainstream methodology and alternative approaches co-exists and co-evolves. The paper reports on a survey that was conducted among scholars in the field. We construct networks of scholars, based on weak or strong linkages. Strong linkages are defined as relations between co-workers, weak linkages as relations between people that meet in the circuit of conferences, workshops, etc., or just read each other’s work. We also explore how network linkages are related to opinions on the field, e.g., which are the important journals or important centers of activity.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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the Invisible College of the economics of innovation and technological change
MERIT Research Memoranda, 2003Co-Authors: Bart Verspagen, Claudia WerkerAbstract:The research area of the economics of innovation and technological change (EITC) has flourished over the past decades. While it was a relatively marginal field of economics in the 1950s and 1960s, the field has now grown to become a major part of economic analysis. Because many of the early scholars in the field were rather critical about the standard tools of (neoclassical) economics, EITC has become a research area in which a curious mix of mainstream methodology and alternative approaches co-exists and co-evolves. The paper reports on a survey that was conducted among scholars in the field. We construct networks of scholars, based on weak or strong linkages. Strong linkages are defined as relations between co-workers, weak linkages as relations between people that meet in the circuit of conferences, workshops, etc., or just read each other's work. We also explore how network linkages are related to opinions on the field, e.g., which are the important journals or important centers of activity.
Margaret M Clements - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the global Invisible College academic patenting collaboration and transboundary networks
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Margaret M ClementsAbstract:The university, as a transnational organization, has undergone important changes in the interactions of scientists at the individual, institutional, and organizational levels -- especially since the 1990’s. Furthermore, there have been profound improvements in opportunities for communication and collaboration that have likewise changed the global role that institutions of higher education play in scientific knowledge discovery, production, and diffusion. In addition, there have been recent initiatives such as the Bologna Process that aim to create comparable quality assurance standards for degree granting higher education institutions in 47 countries. These rather dramatic and recent changes in the international higher education system have affected the global flow of students and researchers, as well as academic patenting and commercialization activities. Ultimately, profound changes in academic mobility and communication have occurred in a relatively short period of time. Such transformations in the ways that scientific ideas spread suggest growing ambiguity and complexity in the modes of knowledge transmission and diffusion. While global competitive forces increasingly shape the higher education landscape, this paper focuses on changing forms of cooperation and collaboration, and the harmonization of policy initiatives that impact processes of knowledge diffusion such as patenting and publishing activities The primary goal of this presentation is to present a comparative and reflective discussion of global knowledge networks and the central role that universities play in them. Recent analyses indicate that these global knowledge networks are undergoing rapid transformation. Despite the criticisms that higher education is becoming too market driven, that it has become too commercial, that central tenets of the university such as academic freedom and tenure are being threatened (Schrecker, 2010; Thelin, 2004); there are important and relevant changes in the ways that research collaboration and cooperation are growing and indeed thriving despite this inherently competitive environment. This discussion is important for those who are concerned about shaping the efficacy of higher education institutions for the future and for those who are interested in promoting access to important aspects of educational opportunity. With this goal in mind, this paper describes the conceptual framework of Invisible Colleges and transboundary networks. Then also discusses the concept of self-organizing complex systems theory as it pertains to the Invisible College of scientists around the globe. Next, the challenges of academic research alliances will be briefly discussed. Because students and scientists represent the backbone of science, they are central to research alliances which are a seemingly Invisible and fluid aspect of trade in the global knowledge economy. As such, this paper will discuss how students and scientists are increasingly key actors in the growing trend toward international research collaboration networks. At the same time, students and academic scientists are central to the growing collaboration networks on patents granted to universities. Finally the implications of transboundary innovation networks on higher education and society will be discussed.
