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Graham J. Belsham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structural features of the seneca valley virus internal ribosome entry site ires element a picornavirus with a pestivirus like ires
Journal of Virology, 2011Co-Authors: Margaret M Willcocks, Graham J. Belsham, Nicolas Locker, Zarmwa Gomwalk, Elizabeth Royall, Mehran Bakhshesh, Neeraja Idamakanti, Kevin D Burroughs, Seshidhar P Reddy, Paul L HallenbeckAbstract:The RNA genome of Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a recently identified picornavirus, contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element which has structural and functional similarity to that from classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and hepatitis C virus, members of the Flaviviridae. The SVV IRES has an absolute requirement for the presence of a short region of virus-coding sequence to allow it to function either in cells or in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The IRES activity does not require the translation initiation factor eIF4A or intact eIF4G. The predicted secondary structure indicates that the SVV IRES is more closely related to the CSFV IRES, including the presence of a bipartite IIId domain. Mutagenesis of the SVV IRES, coupled to functional assays, support the core elements of the IRES structure model, but surprisingly, deletion of the conserved IIId(2) domain had no effect on IRES activity, including 40S and eIF3 binding. This is the first example of a picornavirus IRES that is most closely related to the CSFV IRES and suggests the possibility of multiple, independent recombination events between the genomes of the Picornaviridae and Flaviviridae to give rise to similar IRES elements.
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functional analyses of rna structures shared between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and the picornavirus porcine teschovirus 1 talfan
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Barbara Jones, Arabinda Nayak, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:The internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of porcine teschovirus 1 (PTV-1), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is quite distinct from other well-characterized picornavirus IRES elements, but it displays functional similarities to the IRES from hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. In particular, a dominant negative mutant form of eIF4A does not inhibit the activity of the PTV-1 IRES. Furthermore, there is a high level (ca. 50%) of identity between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES sequences. A secondary-structure model of the whole PTV-1 IRES has been derived which includes a pseudoknot. Validation of specific features within the model has been achieved by mutagenesis and functional assays. The differences and similarities between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES elements should assist in defining the critical features of this type of IRES.
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functional analyses of rna structures shared between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and the picornavirus porcine teschovirus 1 talfan
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Barbara Jones, Arabinda Nayak, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:The internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of porcine teschovirus 1 (PTV-1), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is quite distinct from other well-characterized picornavirus IRES elements, but it displays functional similarities to the IRES from hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. In particular, a dominant negative mutant form of eIF4A does not inhibit the activity of the PTV-1 IRES. Furthermore, there is a high level (ca. 50%) of identity between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES sequences. A secondary-structure model of the whole PTV-1 IRES has been derived which includes a pseudoknot. Validation of specific features within the model has been achieved by mutagenesis and functional assays. The differences and similarities between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES elements should assist in defining the critical features of this type of IRES.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
Louisa S. Chard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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functional analyses of rna structures shared between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and the picornavirus porcine teschovirus 1 talfan
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Barbara Jones, Arabinda Nayak, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:The internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of porcine teschovirus 1 (PTV-1), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is quite distinct from other well-characterized picornavirus IRES elements, but it displays functional similarities to the IRES from hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. In particular, a dominant negative mutant form of eIF4A does not inhibit the activity of the PTV-1 IRES. Furthermore, there is a high level (ca. 50%) of identity between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES sequences. A secondary-structure model of the whole PTV-1 IRES has been derived which includes a pseudoknot. Validation of specific features within the model has been achieved by mutagenesis and functional assays. The differences and similarities between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES elements should assist in defining the critical features of this type of IRES.
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functional analyses of rna structures shared between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and the picornavirus porcine teschovirus 1 talfan
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Barbara Jones, Arabinda Nayak, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:The internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of porcine teschovirus 1 (PTV-1), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is quite distinct from other well-characterized picornavirus IRES elements, but it displays functional similarities to the IRES from hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. In particular, a dominant negative mutant form of eIF4A does not inhibit the activity of the PTV-1 IRES. Furthermore, there is a high level (ca. 50%) of identity between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES sequences. A secondary-structure model of the whole PTV-1 IRES has been derived which includes a pseudoknot. Validation of specific features within the model has been achieved by mutagenesis and functional assays. The differences and similarities between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES elements should assist in defining the critical features of this type of IRES.
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Identification of a new class of picornavirus internal ribosome entry site.
2005Co-Authors: Louisa S. ChardAbstract:The picornaviruses are a family of positive sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that initiate translation of their genome using an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), which is typically around 450 nt in length. Currently, three classes of picornavirus IRES element exist, based on structural similarities and biological properties. A novel picornavirus IRES element was identified within the 5' untranslated regions of porcine teschovirus-1 (PTV-1), porcine enterovirus-8 (PEV-8) and simian virus-2 (SV2). These related elements are considerably shorter than other picornavirus IRES elements and surprisingly formation of 48S pre-initiation complexes on the PTV-1 IRES is achieved in the absence of the translation initiation complex eIF4F. Indeed, toeprinting analysis with the PTV-1 IRES indicated that it is able to directly interact with the 40S ribosomal subunit. These properties are unusual for picornavirus IRES elements but are remarkably similar to those of the Flaviviridae IRES elements. Secondary structure models for the PTV-1, PEV-8 and SV2 IRES elements have been derived and key structural features verified through mutagenesis and functional assays. These studies have suggested that a fourth type of IRES element exists within the Picornaviridae, which is structurally and functionally related to the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and pestivirus IRES elements. Picornavirus IRES elements require accessory proteins for their activity. The availability of these proteins may provide insight into the tissue tropism of the viruses. To assess the binding of accessory proteins to the FMDV IRES in cells, a system was designed that could allow the capture of RNA transcripts containing the FMDV IRES and attached proteins from cells. This system made use of a specific protein-RNA interaction between the iron response protein and iron response element, which was placed at the 3' end of the FMDV IRES. Functional assays indicated that key features of this system were operational as expected, but currently no proteins have been identified as FMDV IRES binding proteins using this system.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
Jianhua Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fate of land based antibiotic resistance genes in marginal sea sediment territorial differentiation and corresponding drivers
Chemosphere, 2021Co-Authors: Yuxuan Zhang, Jianhua Wang, Cui ZhangAbstract:Abstract No large-scale investigations on fate of land-based antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in marginal sea have been reported. The Yellow Sea which is an important marginal sea was selected to investigate the fate, territorial differentiation, and drivers of target ARGs in marginal-sea sediments. ARGs might spread from land to sea with the average absolute abundance of total ARGs in marine/coastal sediments reaching 1.23 × 104/9.79 × 104 copies/g. The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass was firstly observed to possibly have potential inhibition effect on occurrence of ARGs in marine sediments. Marine sediments showed significant difference from coastal sediments by considering ARGs, microbial community, and sediment features. Network analysis showed that interaction between ARGs and microbial community in coastal sediments was more frequent than that in marine sediment. The anthropogenic factors posed high positive effect on ARGs in marine/coastal sediments with contribution coefficient of 0.524/1.094 while bacterial community mainly posed positive effect on ARGs in marine sediments with contribution coefficient of 0.475, illustrating that spread and proliferation of land-based ARGs in marine sediments might be mainly affected by anthropogenic and microbial factors. These findings provided new information on fate and drivers of ARGs in marginal sea.
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proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes in coastal recirculating mariculture system
Environmental Pollution, 2019Co-Authors: Jianhua Wang, Yuxuan Zhang, Cui ZhangAbstract:Abstract The abuse of antibiotics has caused the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture systems. Although the recirculating systems have been considered as a promising approach for preventing the coastal water pollution of antibiotics and ARG, rare information is available on the distribution and proliferation of ARGs in the recirculating mariculture system. This study firstly investigated the proliferation of ARGs in coastal recirculating mariculture systems. Ten subtypes of ARGs including tet (tetB, tetG, tetX), sul (sul1, sul2), qnr (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS), and erm (ermF, ermT) were detected. The absolute abundances of the ARGs detected in the mariculture farm were more than 1 × 104 copies/mL. The sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2) were the most abundant ARGs with the abundance of 3.5 × 107–6.5 × 1010 copies/mL. No obvious correlation existed between the antibiotics and ARGs. Some bacteria were positively correlated with two or more ARGs to indicate the occurrence of multidrug resistance. The fluidized-bed biofilter for wastewater treatment in the recirculating system was the main breeding ground for ARGs while the UV sterilization process could reduce the ARGs. The highest flux of ARGs (6.5 × 1021 copies/d) indicated that the discharge of feces and residual baits was the main gateway for ARGs in the recirculating mariculture system to enter the environments.
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Proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes in coastal recirculating mariculture system
'Elsevier BV', 2019Co-Authors: Jianhua Wang, Lu J(吕剑)Abstract:The abuse of antibiotics has caused the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture systems. Although the recirculating systems have been considered as a promising approach for preventing the coastal water pollution of antibiotics and ARG, rare information is available on the distribution and proliferation of ARGs in the recirculating mariculture system. This study firstly investigated the proliferation of ARGs in coastal recirculating mariculture systems. Ten subtypes of ARGs including tet (tetB, tetG, tetX), sul (sul1, sul2), qnr (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS), and erm (ermF, ermT) were detected. The absolute abundances of the ARGs detected in the mariculture farm were more than 1 x 10(4) copies/mL. The sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2) were the most abundant ARGs with the abundance of 3.5 x 10(7) -6.5 x 10(10) copies/mL. No obvious correlation existed between the antibiotics and ARGs. Some bacteria were positively correlated with two or more ARGs to indicate the occurrence of multidrug resistance. The fluidized-bed biofilter for wastewater treatment in the recirculating system was the main breeding ground for ARGs while the UV sterilization process could reduce the ARGs. The highest flux of ARGs (6.5 x 10(21) copies/d) indicated that the discharge of feces and residual baits was the main gateway for ARGs in the recirculating mariculture system to enter the environments. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
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metagenomic analysis of antibiotic resistance genes in coastal industrial mariculture systems
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Jianhua Wang, Yuxuan Zhang, Yongming Luo, Hao LiuAbstract:Abstract The overuse of antibiotics has posed a propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture systems. This study firstly explored the ARGs profiles of the typical mariculture farms including conventional and recirculating systems using metagenomics approach. Fifty ARGs subtypes belonging to 21 ARGs types were identified, showing the wide-spectrum profiles of ARGs in the coastal industrial mariculture systems. ARGs with multiple antibiotics resistance have emerged in the mariculure systems. The co-occurrence pattern between ARGs and microbial taxa showed that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were potential dominant hosts of ARGs in the industrial mariculture systems. Typical nitrifying bacteria such as Nitrospinae in mariculture systems also carried with some resistance genes. Relative abundance of ARGs in fish ponds and wastewater treatment units was relatively high. The investigation showed that industrial mariculture systems were important ARGs reservoirs in coastal area, indicating the critical role of recirculating systems in the terms of ARGs pollution control.
Y Kaku - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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functional analyses of rna structures shared between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and the picornavirus porcine teschovirus 1 talfan
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Barbara Jones, Arabinda Nayak, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:The internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of porcine teschovirus 1 (PTV-1), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is quite distinct from other well-characterized picornavirus IRES elements, but it displays functional similarities to the IRES from hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. In particular, a dominant negative mutant form of eIF4A does not inhibit the activity of the PTV-1 IRES. Furthermore, there is a high level (ca. 50%) of identity between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES sequences. A secondary-structure model of the whole PTV-1 IRES has been derived which includes a pseudoknot. Validation of specific features within the model has been achieved by mutagenesis and functional assays. The differences and similarities between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES elements should assist in defining the critical features of this type of IRES.
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functional analyses of rna structures shared between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and the picornavirus porcine teschovirus 1 talfan
Journal of Virology, 2006Co-Authors: Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Barbara Jones, Arabinda Nayak, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:The internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of porcine teschovirus 1 (PTV-1), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is quite distinct from other well-characterized picornavirus IRES elements, but it displays functional similarities to the IRES from hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. In particular, a dominant negative mutant form of eIF4A does not inhibit the activity of the PTV-1 IRES. Furthermore, there is a high level (ca. 50%) of identity between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES sequences. A secondary-structure model of the whole PTV-1 IRES has been derived which includes a pseudoknot. Validation of specific features within the model has been achieved by mutagenesis and functional assays. The differences and similarities between the PTV-1 and HCV IRES elements should assist in defining the critical features of this type of IRES.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
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Functional and Structural Similarities between the Internal Ribosome Entry Sites of Hepatitis C Virus and Porcine Teschovirus,
2003Co-Authors: A Picornavirus, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Andrey V Pisarev, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5 � untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was Met achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAi. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus. For the vast majority of eukaryotic cell mRNAs the initiation of protein synthesis is achieved after the recognition of th
Cui Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fate of land based antibiotic resistance genes in marginal sea sediment territorial differentiation and corresponding drivers
Chemosphere, 2021Co-Authors: Yuxuan Zhang, Jianhua Wang, Cui ZhangAbstract:Abstract No large-scale investigations on fate of land-based antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in marginal sea have been reported. The Yellow Sea which is an important marginal sea was selected to investigate the fate, territorial differentiation, and drivers of target ARGs in marginal-sea sediments. ARGs might spread from land to sea with the average absolute abundance of total ARGs in marine/coastal sediments reaching 1.23 × 104/9.79 × 104 copies/g. The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass was firstly observed to possibly have potential inhibition effect on occurrence of ARGs in marine sediments. Marine sediments showed significant difference from coastal sediments by considering ARGs, microbial community, and sediment features. Network analysis showed that interaction between ARGs and microbial community in coastal sediments was more frequent than that in marine sediment. The anthropogenic factors posed high positive effect on ARGs in marine/coastal sediments with contribution coefficient of 0.524/1.094 while bacterial community mainly posed positive effect on ARGs in marine sediments with contribution coefficient of 0.475, illustrating that spread and proliferation of land-based ARGs in marine sediments might be mainly affected by anthropogenic and microbial factors. These findings provided new information on fate and drivers of ARGs in marginal sea.
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proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes in coastal recirculating mariculture system
Environmental Pollution, 2019Co-Authors: Jianhua Wang, Yuxuan Zhang, Cui ZhangAbstract:Abstract The abuse of antibiotics has caused the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture systems. Although the recirculating systems have been considered as a promising approach for preventing the coastal water pollution of antibiotics and ARG, rare information is available on the distribution and proliferation of ARGs in the recirculating mariculture system. This study firstly investigated the proliferation of ARGs in coastal recirculating mariculture systems. Ten subtypes of ARGs including tet (tetB, tetG, tetX), sul (sul1, sul2), qnr (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS), and erm (ermF, ermT) were detected. The absolute abundances of the ARGs detected in the mariculture farm were more than 1 × 104 copies/mL. The sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2) were the most abundant ARGs with the abundance of 3.5 × 107–6.5 × 1010 copies/mL. No obvious correlation existed between the antibiotics and ARGs. Some bacteria were positively correlated with two or more ARGs to indicate the occurrence of multidrug resistance. The fluidized-bed biofilter for wastewater treatment in the recirculating system was the main breeding ground for ARGs while the UV sterilization process could reduce the ARGs. The highest flux of ARGs (6.5 × 1021 copies/d) indicated that the discharge of feces and residual baits was the main gateway for ARGs in the recirculating mariculture system to enter the environments.
