Iron Ore

14,000,000 Leading Edge Experts on the ideXlab platform

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

The Experts below are selected from a list of 37758 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Tomohiro Akiyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Carbon Doped Iron Ore Using Palm Kernel Shell
    2016
    Co-Authors: Rusila Zamani, Nurul Azhani Yunus, Hadi Purwanto, Hamzah Mohd Salleh, Abd Rashid, Mohd Hanafi Ani, Tomohiro Akiyama
    Abstract:

    Abstract. This paper pertains to the reduction process of local low grade Iron Ore using palm kernel shell (PKS). It is well known that low grade Iron Ores contain high amount of gangue minerals and combined water. Biomass waste (aka agro-residues) from the palm oil industry is an attractive alternative fuel to replace coal as the source of energy in mineral processing, including for the treatment and processing of low grade Iron Ores. Both Iron Ore and PKS were mixed with minute addition of distilled water and then fabricated with average spherical diameter of 10-12mm. The green composite pellets were subjected to reduction test using an electric tube furnace. The rate of reduction increased as temperature increases up to 900 °C. The Fe content in the original Ore increased almost 12 % when 40 mass % of PKS was used. The reduction of 60:40 mass ratios of Iron Ore to PKS composite pellet produced almost 11.97 mass % of solid carbon which was dispersed uniformly on the surface of Iron oxide. The aim of this work is to study carbon deposition of PKS in Iron Ore through reduction process. Utilization of carbon deposited in low grade Iron Ore is an interesting method for Iron making process as this solid carbon can act as energy source in the reduction process

  • catalytic coal tar decomposition to enhance reactivity of low grade Iron Ore
    Fuel Processing Technology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Rochim Bakti Cahyono, Alya Naili Rozhan, Naoto Yasuda, Takahiro Nomura, Sou Hosokai, Yoshiaki Kashiwaya, Tomohiro Akiyama
    Abstract:

    Abstract Effective utilization of low-grade Iron Ore and coal can be one of the solutions for avoiding the high cost of raw materials and solving the problem of resource shortages in the steelmaking industry. This paper describes the behavior of reduction reaction during tar decomposition over low-grade Iron Ore. Pisolite Ore, containing 5.9 mass% of combined water, was dehydrated at 450 °C to obtain porous Ore. Tar vapor and pyrolysis gas of low-grade coal were introduced to porous Ore for tar decomposition and carbon deposition. The Iron Ore effectively decomposed 22.1 mass% of tar component into gas product and deposited carbon at 600 °C. Besides tar decomposition, the Ore was also reduced to magnetite and wustite by gas product which was produced from coal pyrolysis and tar decomposition. The reactivity of deposited carbon within Ore was evaluated by reduction reaction using thermogravimetry method. The reduction of the carbon-deposited Ore began at 750 °C, while that of the reference mixture of Fe 3 O 4 and coke began at 1100 °C. The carbon-deposited Iron Ore was mOre reactive because nanoscale contact between Iron Ore and carbon enhanced reaction rate. These results revealed attractive utilization and reduction process of low-grade Iron Ore with coal tar decomposition.

Hadi Purwanto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Carbon Doped Iron Ore Using Palm Kernel Shell
    2016
    Co-Authors: Rusila Zamani, Nurul Azhani Yunus, Hadi Purwanto, Hamzah Mohd Salleh, Abd Rashid, Mohd Hanafi Ani, Tomohiro Akiyama
    Abstract:

    Abstract. This paper pertains to the reduction process of local low grade Iron Ore using palm kernel shell (PKS). It is well known that low grade Iron Ores contain high amount of gangue minerals and combined water. Biomass waste (aka agro-residues) from the palm oil industry is an attractive alternative fuel to replace coal as the source of energy in mineral processing, including for the treatment and processing of low grade Iron Ores. Both Iron Ore and PKS were mixed with minute addition of distilled water and then fabricated with average spherical diameter of 10-12mm. The green composite pellets were subjected to reduction test using an electric tube furnace. The rate of reduction increased as temperature increases up to 900 °C. The Fe content in the original Ore increased almost 12 % when 40 mass % of PKS was used. The reduction of 60:40 mass ratios of Iron Ore to PKS composite pellet produced almost 11.97 mass % of solid carbon which was dispersed uniformly on the surface of Iron oxide. The aim of this work is to study carbon deposition of PKS in Iron Ore through reduction process. Utilization of carbon deposited in low grade Iron Ore is an interesting method for Iron making process as this solid carbon can act as energy source in the reduction process

  • reduction of low grade Iron Ore pellet using palm kernel shell
    Renewable Energy, 2014
    Co-Authors: Rusila Zamani Abd Rashid, Nurul Azhani Yunus, Hamzah Mohd Salleh, Hadi Purwanto
    Abstract:

    Effective use of local Iron Ore and biomass waste as energy and material resources in Iron making is an interesting economic prospect since Malaysia imports Iron Ore to supply its domestic steel consumption while there is an abundance of biomass waste from the palm oil industry. In this work, a composite pellet made of Malaysian Iron Ore with palm kernel shell (PKS) waste was subjected to reduction tests using an electric tube furnace to investigate the effect of temperature and PKS content on reduction rate. Several Iron Ore samples taken from different mining locations were subjected to thermal and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The rate of Iron Ore reduction increased with increasing temperature up to 900 °C. XRD analysis revealed that the original Iron Ore mainly contains Iron oxide hydrate and was converted into simple hematite after heating and then become magnetite after reduction. The Fe content in the original Ore increased almost 12% when 40 wt% of PKS was used. The Iron oxide was successfully reduced to magnetite and small amount of wustite when up to 20 wt% of PKS was present in the mixture. Besides, 20 wt% of PKS in reduction process can reduce CO2 emissions by almost 18.69 wt% as well as decrease carbon consumption by 19.78 wt%. Thus, the utilization of biomass as a reducing agent for low grade Iron Ore reduction is an attractive method for upgrading Iron Ore as well as reducing CO2 emissions.

Johannes Schenk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of Iron Ore type on the thermal behaviour and kinetics of coal Iron Ore briquettes during coking
    Fuel Processing Technology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Runsheng Xu, Wei Wang, Johannes Schenk
    Abstract:

    Abstract Effect of three Iron Ore types (limonite, hematite and oolitic hematite) on the thermal behaviour and reaction kinetics of coal-Iron Ore briquettes during coking was investigated using the thermal analysis method. The carbonized briquettes were characterized using the XRD and SEM. The results showed that all three Iron Ores were completely reduced to Fe at the final coking stage. The addition of Iron Ore to the coal briquette had little influence on the gas yield, but could significantly affect the reaction rate. A synergistic effect of Iron Ore and coal occurred in the later reaction stage, and the initial temperature of the synergistic effect varied with the type of Iron Ore in coal-Iron Ore briquettes. The type of Iron Ore hardly affected the devolatilization rate of coal-Iron Ore briquettes, but could greatly influence the reduction rate of Iron Ore, subsequently the gasification rate of coal char. In addition, the better reduction ability of Iron Ore could mOre easily lead to the cracking of coke. When the Iron Ore was blended into the coal briquette, the reaction kinetics at the first and third reaction stage changed. The three coal-Iron Ore briquettes had similar weighted average apparent activation energies of 30.67–35.52 kJ/mol.

  • Effect of the Particle Size of Iron Ore on the Pyrolysis Kinetic Behaviour of Coal-Iron Ore Briquettes
    MDPI AG, 2018
    Co-Authors: Heng Zheng, Wei Wang, Rian Zan, Johannes Schenk, Zhengliang Xue
    Abstract:

    High reactivity coke is beneficial for achieving low carbon emission blast furnace Ironmaking. TherefOre, the preparation of highly reactive ferro-coke has aroused widespread attention. However, the effects of the particle size of Iron Ore on the pyrolysis behaviour of a coal-Iron Ore briquette are still unclear. In this study, the effect of three particle sizes (0.50–1.00 mm, 0.25–0.50 mm and <0.74 mm) of Iron Ore on the thermal and kinetic behaviours of coal-Iron Ore briquettes were investigated by non-isothermal kinetic analysis. The results showed that the synergistic effect of Iron Ore and coal during coking mainly occurred during the later reaction stage (850–1100 °C) and smaller particle sizes of Iron Ore have a stronger synergistic effect. The addition of Iron Ore had little effect on T0 (the initial temperature) and Tp (the temperature at the maximum conversion rate) of briquette pyrolysis, however itgreatly affected the conversion rate and Tf (the final temperature) of the briquettes. T0 decreased with the decrease of Iron Ore particle sizes, while Tp and Tf showed opposite trends. After adding Iron Ore into the coal briquette, the reaction kinetics at all stages of the coal-Iron Ore briquettes changed. The weighted apparent activation energy of the caking coal (JM) briquette was 35.532 kJ/mol, which is lower than that of the coal-Iron Ore briquettes (38.703–55.627 kJ/mol). In addition, the weighted apparent activation energy gradually increased with decreasing Iron Ore particle sizes

Mamdouh Omran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • xps and ftir spectroscopic study on microwave treated high phosphorus Iron Ore
    Applied Surface Science, 2015
    Co-Authors: Mamdouh Omran, Timo Fabritius, A M Elmahdy, N A Abdelkhalek, Mortada Elaref, Abd Elhamid Elmanawi
    Abstract:

    A growing interest in microwave heating has emerged recently. Several potential microwave applications regarding minerals’ processing have been investigated. This paper investigates the effect of microwave radiation on Egyptian high phosphorus Iron Ore. Three different Iron Ore samples have varying Fe2O3 and P2O5 contents and mineralogical textures were studied. A comparative study has been carried out between untreated and microwave treated Iron Ore. XRD and FTIR analyses showed that after microwave radiation the crystallinity of Iron bearing minerals (hematite) increased, while the functional chemical groups of phosphorus bearing minerals (fluorapatite) and other gangues dissociated. High resolution XPS analyses of Fe 2p peaks showed that after microwave radiation a portion of Fe(+III) was reduced to Fe(+II). This means that after microwave radiation Iron oxide (hematite, Fe3+) transformed into mOre magnetic phase. The results indicated that microwave radiation had a positive effect on the magnetic properties of Iron oxide, through formation of ferromagnetic phases.

  • thermally assisted liberation of high phosphorus oolitic Iron Ore a comparison between microwave and conventional furnaces
    Powder Technology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Mamdouh Omran, Timo Fabritius, Riku Mattila
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper aims to investigate the effects of microwave, and conventional heating pretreatment on the liberation of Iron bearing minerals from high phosphorus oolitic Iron Ore, specifically Iron Ore from the Aswan region of Egypt. These effects were analyzed by examining intergranular fractures generated between the oolitic/matrix and in the oolitic layers. Grindability and energy consumption were also measured after both microwave and conventional heating pretreatments. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photomicrographs indicated that intergranular fractures are formed between the gangues (fluoroapatite and chamosite) and hematite after microwave treatment (resulting in improved liberation of the Iron Ore) while only a small number of micro-cracks were observed between the oolitic/matrix and in the oolitic layers after conventional heating of Iron Ore. Grindability tests indicated that microwave treated Iron Ore could be mOre easily ground compared with Iron Ore treated in a conventional furnace. This improved grindability is attributable to the large amount of intergranular fractures which are formed on the oolitic Iron Ore after treatment with microwave radiation. Energy consumption measurements also revealed that microwave treatment consumes much smaller quantities of energy compared with conventional heating ovens.

Zengli Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • chemical looping gasification of biomass char using Iron Ore as an oxygen carrier
    International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Zhen Huang, Fang He, Kun Zhao, Anqing Zheng, Yan Zhang, Jinjun Fu, Lihong Yu, Ming Chen, Dezhen Chen, Zengli Zhao
    Abstract:

    Abstract Chemical looping gasification (CLG), employing the oxygen carriers to replace the gasification agents for solid fuels gasification, is viewed as a promising gasification technology thanks to its low cost for producing high quality synthesis gas. In the present work, natural Iron Ore is applied as an oxygen carrier for CLG of biomass char in a fixed-bed reactor. The Redox reactions between biomass char and Iron Ore can occur even under inert atmosphere, but the char conversion is low due to inadequate contact of solid–solid phases, resulting in a low reaction rate. In order to improve the char conversion rate, mixture of steam and Iron Ore is used as gasification agent in the CLG of biomass char. An optimal mass ratio of oxygen carrier to biomass char and a suitable amount of steam addition are determined. It is observed that biomass char gasification with the mixture of Iron Ore and steam increases the carbon conversion by 80%, and attains three times gas yield as much as the char gasification with individual Iron Ore. The cyclic performance of Iron Ore is also discussed. The carbon conversion and gas yield shows a mild downtrend with the increase of cycle numbers due to a slight decrease of specific surface area of oxygen carrier, caused by the thermal sintering and ash deposition. However, Iron Ore still maintains a satisfactory reactivity after 20 cycles (∼52 h), indicating that it is a good oxygen carrier candidate for char gasification.