The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alpaslan Kusvuran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Miscanthus, switchgrass, giant reed, and bulbous canary grass as potential bioenergy crops in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment
Industrial Crops and Products, 2018Co-Authors: Recep Irfan Nazli, Veyis Tansi, Hasan Öztürk, Alpaslan KusvuranAbstract:Abstract Perennial grasses have received particular attention as bioenergy crops in recent years due to their high biomass productivity and environmental benefits. The objective of the present study was to compare four perennial grasses: miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus Keng), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), giant reed (Arundo donax L.), and bulbous canary grass (Phalaris aquatica L.) in terms of biomass yield, energy balance, and biomass quality under four nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 100, 150, 200 kg ha–1y–1) and 2 harvest times (autumn, winter) over three growing seasons in the Mediterranean environment of Turkey. The crop biomass and net energy yields were optimized with none or 100 kg ha–1 y–1 N input in the study. Although the winter harvest resulted in significant yield reductions in all of the grass species, it improved the biomass quality of miscanthus, switchgrass, and giant reed due to reduced moisture and ash contents. On the contrary, the autumn harvest resulted in a considerably lower moisture and ash contents in bulbous canary grass, mainly because of leaf defoliation the during summer dormancy period. Giant reed produced the highest average biomass yield (between 12.86 and 36.78 t ha–1) over the three years, followed by miscanthus (between 12.75 and 23.54 t ha–1), switchgrass (between 11.88 and 18.91 t ha–1), and bulbous canary grass (between 5.21 and 10.83 t ha–1). On the other hand, bulbous canary grass provided the highest average energy ratio (19.7–64.5) over the three years, due mainly to a lack of energy input for Irrigation. These results suggest that satisfactory biomass production can be achievable from miscanthus, switchgrass, and giant reed in the semi-arid Mediterranean environment under adequate moist conditions, but the Irrigation Requirement increases the energy cost, thus decreasing the energy ratio. In this respect, bulbous canary grass may be evaluated as an alternative bioenergy crop in the dry marginal lands of Mediterranean for sustainable biomass production.
Recep Irfan Nazli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Miscanthus, switchgrass, giant reed, and bulbous canary grass as potential bioenergy crops in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment
Industrial Crops and Products, 2018Co-Authors: Recep Irfan Nazli, Veyis Tansi, Hasan Öztürk, Alpaslan KusvuranAbstract:Abstract Perennial grasses have received particular attention as bioenergy crops in recent years due to their high biomass productivity and environmental benefits. The objective of the present study was to compare four perennial grasses: miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus Keng), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), giant reed (Arundo donax L.), and bulbous canary grass (Phalaris aquatica L.) in terms of biomass yield, energy balance, and biomass quality under four nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 100, 150, 200 kg ha–1y–1) and 2 harvest times (autumn, winter) over three growing seasons in the Mediterranean environment of Turkey. The crop biomass and net energy yields were optimized with none or 100 kg ha–1 y–1 N input in the study. Although the winter harvest resulted in significant yield reductions in all of the grass species, it improved the biomass quality of miscanthus, switchgrass, and giant reed due to reduced moisture and ash contents. On the contrary, the autumn harvest resulted in a considerably lower moisture and ash contents in bulbous canary grass, mainly because of leaf defoliation the during summer dormancy period. Giant reed produced the highest average biomass yield (between 12.86 and 36.78 t ha–1) over the three years, followed by miscanthus (between 12.75 and 23.54 t ha–1), switchgrass (between 11.88 and 18.91 t ha–1), and bulbous canary grass (between 5.21 and 10.83 t ha–1). On the other hand, bulbous canary grass provided the highest average energy ratio (19.7–64.5) over the three years, due mainly to a lack of energy input for Irrigation. These results suggest that satisfactory biomass production can be achievable from miscanthus, switchgrass, and giant reed in the semi-arid Mediterranean environment under adequate moist conditions, but the Irrigation Requirement increases the energy cost, thus decreasing the energy ratio. In this respect, bulbous canary grass may be evaluated as an alternative bioenergy crop in the dry marginal lands of Mediterranean for sustainable biomass production.
Yakov Pachepsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Projected Irrigation Requirements for upland crops using soil moisture model under climate change in South Korea
Agricultural Water Management, 2016Co-Authors: Eun-mi Hong, Jinyong Choi, Won-ho Nam, Yakov PachepskyAbstract:Abstract An increase in abnormal climate change patterns and unsustainable Irrigation in uplands cause drought and affect agricultural water security, crop productivity, and price fluctuations. In this study, we developed a soil moisture model to project Irrigation Requirements (IR) for upland crops under climate change using estimated effective rainfall (ER), crop evapotranspiration (ET c ) and the IR of 29 major upland crops in South Korea. The temperature and precipitation will increase, but the ER is projected to decrease under climate change. ET c and the net Irrigation Requirement (NIR) are expected to increase under climate change. Vegetable crops have less ER and more NIR than cereal crops with a similar amount of ET c , which means they are more sensitive to water scarcity and IR than cereal crops. In addition, we found that barley has the smallest daily ET c and IR but the highest increase rate in NIR under climate change, especially in the central part of South Korea. The NIR of Chinese cabbage-fall is the lowest in the northern region and increases moving southwards. The NIR of spinach is projected to increase gradually from the southern and eastern coastlines to the northern inland area. Onions have the largest ET c and NIR of the 29 upland crops, but they show small changes compared to other crops under climate change. Water scarcity is a major limiting factor for sustainable agricultural production. The variation of IR and ET c values for each crop under different climate change scenarios depends on the crop, soil, space, and meteorological characteristics. The results of this study can be used as a guideline for Irrigation and soil water management for upland crops under climate change.
Juana Paul Moiwo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estimation of Irrigation Requirement for sustainable water resources reallocation in North China
Agricultural Water Management, 2010Co-Authors: Yanmin Yang, Yonghui Yang, Juana Paul MoiwoAbstract:The South�North Water Transfer (SNWT) project (upon completion) will deliver some 4.8 billion m3 of water per annum to Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin � greatly mitigating water shortage in North China. Surface water that is currently restricted to urban use could then become partly available for agricultural production. This will reduce the dependence of agriculture on groundwater, which will in turn retard groundwater depletion in the region. This study determines the spatial and temporal distributions of agricultural water Requirement in Hebei Plain. This in turn lays the basis for surface water reallocation following the completion of the SNWT project. DSSAT and COTTON2K crop models are used along with crop coefficient methods to estimate required Irrigation amounts for wheat, maize, cotton, vegetables and fruit trees in Hebei Plain. The study uses 20 years (1986�2006) of agronomic, hydrologic and climate data collected from 43 well-distributed stations across the plain. Based on the results, wheat accounts for over 40% of total Irrigation water Requirement in the plain. Similarly, wheat, maize and cotton together account for 64% of the total Irrigation water Requirement. The piedmont regions of Mount Taihang have the highest Irrigation Requirement due to high percent farm and irrigated land area. The months of April and May have the highest Irrigation water Requirement, respectively accounting for 18.1% and 25.4% of average annual Irrigation. Spatial and temporal variations in our estimated Irrigation water Requirement are higher than those in the officially published statistics data. The higher variations in our results are more reflective of field conditions (e.g. precipitation, cropping pattern, irrigated land area, etc.). This therefore indicates a substantive improvement (in our study) over the average statistical data. Based on our simulation results, viable surface water reallocation strategies following the completion of the SNWT project are advanced and discussed.
Sardar M Shah-newaz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Spatial and temporal variations of, and the impact of climate change on, the dry season crop Irrigation Requirements in Bangladesh
Irrigation Science, 2014Co-Authors: Mohammed Mainuddin, Mac Kirby, Rehab Ahmad Raihan Chowdhury, Sardar M Shah-newazAbstract:Sustaining Irrigation is vital for ensuring future food security in the face of population growth and a changing climate in Bangladesh. In this study, a daily soil water balance simulation model was used to estimate the net Irrigation Requirements of nine crops including Boro rice for the historical period of 1985–2010 and for future climate scenarios of 2030 and 2050 dry and average conditions using the A1B emission scenario. The average net Irrigation Requirement of Boro rice, the main crop, is 676 mm with temporally averaged spatial variation of 644–779 mm and spatially averaged temporal variation of 570–755 mm for base case planting on clay loam soil. The variations are due to the variation in crop evapotranspiration and rainfall during the cropping period. Changing planting or sowing date affects the net Irrigation Requirement which for Boro rice is lower in early (October–November) or late planting (January–February). The net Irrigation Requirement of Boro rice is about twice that required by wheat, maize, potato, tomato and sunflower, three times that of pulses and 5–6 times that required by oilseeds. The impact of climate change on Irrigation Requirements of Boro rice is small. The average Irrigation Requirement is projected to increase by a maximum of 3 % for the 2050 dry scenario. For other crops this is projected to increase by 1–5 % depending on the crop and the time of sowing/planting.
