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László Endre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis
Orvosi hetilap, 2014Co-Authors: László EndreAbstract:Occupational rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nose, which is characterised by intermittent or persistent symptoms, arising from causes and conditions attributable to a particular work environment and not from stimuli encountered outside the workplace. Its clinical symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, itching, nasal airflow limitation are very similar to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis caused by other (classical) Agents. Occupational allergic conjunctivitis is an IgE mediated disease, provoked by a substance in the air of the workplace. Its clinical signs (itching, tearing, conjunctival hyperaemia and oedema and, in some cases when the cornea is also involved, blurred vision, photosensitivity) are similar to other forms of allergic conjunctivitis. Risk factors (which in most of the cases occur in both diseases) include history of atopy, high concentration of the Irritant Agent and multiple Irritant Agents in the air of the workplace. Atopy has been associated with an increased risk of specific sensitisation to a variety of high molecular weight Agents. For the diagnosis of occupational rhinitis and occupational allergic conjunctivitis objective investigations such as allergen specific provocations are necessary in addition to clinical and occupational history. Management of these occupational diseases needs environmental interventions (increasing ventilation, decreasing the time of exposure, substitution of the Irritant Agent). Medical treatment of occupational rhinitis is very similar to other allergic diseases: oral antihistamines, local (nasal) corticosteroids, combined (antihistamine plus membrane stabilizer) eyedrops. The most important step in medical treatment of occupational allergic conjunctivitis is the daily application of combined eyedrops (for example: olopatadine). Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(5), 170-175.
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Foglalkozási eredetű allergiás náthaés allergiás kötőhártya-gyulladás | Occupational rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis
2014Co-Authors: László EndreAbstract:A foglalkozasi natha az orr olyan gyulladasos betegsege, amelyet a munkahelyen eszlelhető valamilyen tenyező valt ki es a munkahelyen kivul semmi sem ront. Klinikai tunetei (nehezitett orrlegzes, orrvaladekozas, viszkető erzes, orron keresztuli legaramlas csokkenese) csaknem azonosak az egyeb okbol bekovetkező allergias nathaeval. A foglalkozasi eredetű allergias kotőhartya-gyulladas IgE altal kozvetitett allergias reakcio, amelyet a munkahely levegőjeben talalhato anyag valt ki. Vezető klinikai tunetei a szemviszketes es a konnyezes, amelyhez kotőhartya-duzzanat, rozsaszines elszineződes, gyakran szuro erzes jarul. Ha a gyulladas a szaruhartyat is erinti, mindehhez homalyos latas, fenyerzekenyseg is tarsulhat. Ezek a tunetek csaknem azonosak az egyeb okbol bekovetkező szezonalis allergias kotőhartya-gyulladaseval. Mindket betegseg (amelyek egyebkent az esetek tulnyomo tobbsegeben egyutt fordulnak elő) kialakulasat (főleg nagy molekulasulyu anyagok eseteben) elősegiti a mar meglevő atopia, tovabba, ha tobbfajta karos anyag van a levegőben, es ha a karosito anyag nagy koncentracioban van jelen. A korisme megallapitasa mindket betegseg eseteben a kortortenet gondos kikerdezese mellett a tunetmentes allapotban elvegzett, vizsgalotol fuggetlen merőmodszerekkel kisert, specifikus provokacios vizsgalattal lehetseges. E betegek tunetmentesse tetele elsősorban munkahelyi feladat: a karosito tenyező kevesbe veszelyes anyagokkal tortenő helyettesitese, a szellőztetes fokozasa, az expozicios idő csokkentese. A foglalkozasi nathaban szenvedő betegek gyogyszeres kezelese gyakorlatilag azonos a perennialis allergias rhinitisevel: per os antihisztamin, nasalis szteroid, kombinalt hatasu (antihisztamin es membranstabilizalo) szemcsepp. Az allergias kotőhartya-gyulladas gyogyszeres kezelesenek legfontosabb tenyezője a kombinalt hatasu szemcsepp (peldaul olopatadin) mindennapos alkalmazasa. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(5), 170–175. | Occupational rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nose, which is characterised by intermittent or persistent symptoms, arising from causes and conditions attributable to a particular work environment and not from stimuli encountered outside the workplace. Its clinical symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, itching, nasal airflow limitation are very similar to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis caused by other (classical) Agents. Occupational allergic conjunctivitis is an IgE mediated disease, provoked by a substance in the air of the workplace. Its clinical signs (itching, tearing, conjunctival hyperaemia and oedema and, in some cases when the cornea is also involved, blurred vision, photosensitivity) are similar to other forms of allergic conjunctivitis. Risk factors (which in most of the cases occur in both diseases) include history of atopy, high concentration of the Irritant Agent and multiple Irritant Agents in the air of the workplace. Atopy has been associated with an increased risk of specific sensitisation to a variety of high molecular weight Agents. For the diagnosis of occupational rhinitis and occupational allergic conjunctivitis objective investigations such as allergen specific provocations are necessary in addition to clinical and occupational history. Management of these occupational diseases needs environmental interventions (increasing ventilation, decreasing the time of exposure, substitution of the Irritant Agent). Medical treatment of occupational rhinitis is very similar to other allergic diseases: oral antihistamines, local (nasal) corticosteroids, combined (antihistamine plus membrane stabilizer) eyedrops. The most important step in medical treatment of occupational allergic conjunctivitis is the daily application of combined eyedrops (for example: olopatadine). Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(5), 170–175.
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Occupational rhinitis
Orvosi hetilap, 2010Co-Authors: László EndreAbstract:Occupational rhinitis (OR) is an inflammatory disease of the nose, which is characterized by intermittent or persistent symptoms, arising out of causes and conditions attributable to a particular work environment and not to stimuli encountered outside the workplace. Its clinical symptoms (nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhea, itching, nasal airflow limitation) are very similar with the symptoms of the allergic rhinitis caused by other (classical) Agents. According to the 27/1996 NM Departmental Order, OR in Hungary is a notifiable disease. Despite, between year 1997 and 2009, not even a single case was reported in Hungary. In the last 20 years the only Hungarian reference in this field was published in 2004, in the Textbook of Occupational Medicine, edited by Ungváry. This disease is not unknown in other European countries. It can be produced by both high and low molecular weight Agents. For example, according to the publications, its prevalence among bakers can be 18-29%, and among workers with diisocyanates (painters, urethane mould workers) 36-42%. Risk factors are atopy, high concentration and multiple Irritant Agents in the air of workplace. Atopy has been associated with an increased risk of specific sensitization to a variety of HMW Agents. Beside of the clinical and occupational history, objective investigations have to be used as well, for the diagnosis of OR. The gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of OR is the nasal provocation test. Objective methods that can be used for assessing nasal patency during the investigation of OR include rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, peak nasal inspiratory flow, and gravimetry of the nasal secret. The management of the OR needs environmental interventions. These are: increasing the ventilation, decreasing the time of exposure, substitution of the Irritant Agent, investigation of possible asthma in all workers with OR. Medical treatments are: oral antihistamines, local (nasal) corticosteroids, combined (antihistamine+membrane-stabilizer) eyedrops.
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A foglalkozási nátha = Occupational rhinitis
2010Co-Authors: László EndreAbstract:A foglalkozasi natha (OR) az orr olyan gyulladasos betegsege, amelyet a munkahelyen eszlelhető valamilyen tenyező valt ki es a munkahelyen kivul semmi sem ront. Klinikai tunetei (nehezitett orrlegzes, orrvaladekozas, viszkető erzes, orron keresztuli legaramlas csokkenese) csaknem azonosak az egyeb okbol bekovetkező allergias nathaeval. A 27/1996. NM-rendelet szerint Magyarorszagon is bejelentesre kotelezett betegseg. Ennek ellenere 1997 es 2009 kozott hazankban egyetlen esetet sem jelentettek. A legutobbi 20 evben az egyetlen magyar nyelvű, OR-rel foglalkozo szakirodalom az Ungvary altal szerkesztett es 2004-ben megjelent Munkaegeszsegtan cimű tankonyv. E betegseg Europa tobbi orszagaban nem ismeretlen. Kivalthatjak mind nagy (1000 Dalton feletti), mind kis molekulasulyu anyagok. Pekek kozott peldaul 18–28%, izocianattal dolgozok (peldaul festők, ontodei munkasok) kozott 36–42% kozott irjak le a prevalenciajat. Kialakulasara hajlamosit, ha a karosito anyag nagy koncentracioban van a levegőben, illetve, ha tobbfajta karosito anyag van a levegőben. A meglevő atopia főleg a nagy molekulasulyu anyagok eseteben hajlamosito tenyező. Az OR korismejenek megallapitasahoz a kortorteneten kivul objektiv vizsgalatokat kell hasznalni. A legelfogadottabb a specifikus nasalis provokacio. Ennek soran gravimetriasan merhetjuk az orrvaladek mennyiseget, vizsgalhatjuk az orrvaladekban talalhato sejteket es citokineket, valamint az orron keresztuli legaramlast rhinomanometriaval es a nasalis belegzesi aramlast, az orr anatomiai viszonyainak megvaltozasat pedig akusztikus rhinometriaval. Az OR kezelese elsősorban munkahelyi feladat: fokozni a szellőztetest, csokkenteni az expozicios időt, helyettesiteni a karosito tenyezőt. Az ujonnan felvetteket evente szűrni, az OR-ben szenvedőket asztma iranyaban vizsgalni kell. Gyogyszeres kezeles: per os antihisztamin, nasalis szteroid, kombinalt hatasu (antihisztamin+membranstabilizalo) szemcsepp. | Occupational rhinitis (OR) is an inflammatory disease of the nose, which is characterized by intermittent or persistent symptoms, arising out of causes and conditions attributable to a particular work environment and not to stimuli encountered outside the workplace. Its clinical symptoms (nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhea, itching, nasal airflow limitation) are very similar with the symptoms of the allergic rhinitis caused by other (classical) Agents. According to the 27/1996 NM Departmental Order, OR in Hungary is a notifiable disease. Despite, between year 1997 and 2009, not even a single case was reported in Hungary. In the last 20 years the only Hungarian reference in this field was published in 2004, in the Textbook of Occupational Medicine, edited by Ungvary. This disease is not unknown in other European countries. It can be produced by both high and low molecular weight Agents. For example, according to the publications, its prevalence among bakers can be 18–29%, and among workers with diisocyanates (painters, urethane mould workers) 36–42%. Risk factors are atopy, high concentration and multiple Irritant Agents in the air of workplace. Atopy has been associated with an increased risk of specific sensitization to a variety of HMW Agents. Beside of the clinical and occupational history, objective investigations have to be used as well, for the diagnosis of OR. The gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of OR is the nasal provocation test. Objective methods that can be used for assessing nasal patency during the investigation of OR include rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, peak nasal inspiratory flow, and gravimetry of the nasal secret. The management of the OR needs environmental interventions. These are: increasing the ventilation, decreasing the time of exposure, substitution of the Irritant Agent, investigation of possible asthma in all workers with OR. Medical treatments are: oral antihistamines, local (nasal) corticosteroids, combined (antihistamine+membran stabilizer) eyedrops.
Endre László - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Foglalkozási eredetű allergiás nátha és allergiás kötőhártya-gyulladás | Occupational rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis
'Akademiai Kiado Zrt.', 2034Co-Authors: Endre LászlóAbstract:A foglalkozási nátha az orr olyan gyulladásos betegsége, amelyet a munkahelyen észlelhető valamilyen tényező vált ki és a munkahelyen kívül semmi sem ront. Klinikai tünetei (nehezített orrlégzés, orrváladékozás, viszkető érzés, orron keresztüli légáramlás csökkenése) csaknem azonosak az egyéb okból bekövetkező allergiás nátháéval. A foglalkozási eredetű allergiás kötőhártya-gyulladás IgE által közvetített allergiás reakció, amelyet a munkahely levegőjében található anyag vált ki. Vezető klinikai tünetei a szemviszketés és a könnyezés, amelyhez kötőhártya-duzzanat, rózsaszínes elszíneződés, gyakran szúró érzés járul. Ha a gyulladás a szaruhártyát is érinti, mindehhez homályos látás, fényérzékenység is társulhat. Ezek a tünetek csaknem azonosak az egyéb okból bekövetkező szezonális allergiás kötőhártya-gyulladáséval. Mindkét betegség (amelyek egyébként az esetek túlnyomó többségében együtt fordulnak elő) kialakulását (főleg nagy molekulasúlyú anyagok esetében) elősegíti a már meglévő atópia, továbbá, ha többfajta káros anyag van a levegőben, és ha a károsító anyag nagy koncentrációban van jelen. A kórisme megállapítása mindkét betegség esetében a kórtörténet gondos kikérdezése mellett a tünetmentes állapotban elvégzett, vizsgálótól független mérőmódszerekkel kísért, specifikus provokációs vizsgálattal lehetséges. E betegek tünetmentessé tétele elsősorban munkahelyi feladat: a károsító tényező kevésbé veszélyes anyagokkal történő helyettesítése, a szellőztetés fokozása, az expozíciós idő csökkentése. A foglalkozási náthában szenvedő betegek gyógyszeres kezelése gyakorlatilag azonos a perennialis allergiás rhinitisével: per os antihisztamin, nasalis szteroid, kombinált hatású (antihisztamin és membránstabilizáló) szemcsepp. Az allergiás kötőhártya-gyulladás gyógyszeres kezelésének legfontosabb tényezője a kombinált hatású szemcsepp (például olopatadin) mindennapos alkalmazása. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(5), 170–175. | Occupational rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nose, which is characterised by intermittent or persistent symptoms, arising from causes and conditions attributable to a particular work environment and not from stimuli encountered outside the workplace. Its clinical symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, itching, nasal airflow limitation are very similar to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis caused by other (classical) Agents. Occupational allergic conjunctivitis is an IgE mediated disease, provoked by a substance in the air of the workplace. Its clinical signs (itching, tearing, conjunctival hyperaemia and oedema and, in some cases when the cornea is also involved, blurred vision, photosensitivity) are similar to other forms of allergic conjunctivitis. Risk factors (which in most of the cases occur in both diseases) include history of atopy, high concentration of the Irritant Agent and multiple Irritant Agents in the air of the workplace. Atopy has been associated with an increased risk of specific sensitisation to a variety of high molecular weight Agents. For the diagnosis of occupational rhinitis and occupational allergic conjunctivitis objective investigations such as allergen specific provocations are necessary in addition to clinical and occupational history. Management of these occupational diseases needs environmental interventions (increasing ventilation, decreasing the time of exposure, substitution of the Irritant Agent). Medical treatment of occupational rhinitis is very similar to other allergic diseases: oral antihistamines, local (nasal) corticosteroids, combined (antihistamine plus membrane stabilizer) eyedrops. The most important step in medical treatment of occupational allergic conjunctivitis is the daily application of combined eyedrops (for example: olopatadine). Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(5), 170–175
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A foglalkozási nátha = Occupational rhinitis
'Akademiai Kiado Zrt.', 2030Co-Authors: Endre LászlóAbstract:A foglalkozási nátha (OR) az orr olyan gyulladásos betegsége, amelyet a munkahelyen észlelhető valamilyen tényező vált ki és a munkahelyen kívül semmi sem ront. Klinikai tünetei (nehezített orrlégzés, orrváladékozás, viszkető érzés, orron keresztüli légáramlás csökkenése) csaknem azonosak az egyéb okból bekövetkező allergiás nátháéval. A 27/1996. NM-rendelet szerint Magyarországon is bejelentésre kötelezett betegség. Ennek ellenére 1997 és 2009 között hazánkban egyetlen esetet sem jelentettek. A legutóbbi 20 évben az egyetlen magyar nyelvű, OR-rel foglalkozó szakirodalom az Ungváry által szerkesztett és 2004-ben megjelent Munkaegészségtan című tankönyv. E betegség Európa többi országában nem ismeretlen. Kiválthatják mind nagy (1000 Dalton feletti), mind kis molekulasúlyú anyagok. Pékek között például 18–28%, izocianáttal dolgozók (például festők, öntödei munkások) között 36–42% között írják le a prevalenciáját. Kialakulására hajlamosít, ha a károsító anyag nagy koncentrációban van a levegőben, illetve, ha többfajta károsító anyag van a levegőben. A meglévő atopia főleg a nagy molekulasúlyú anyagok esetében hajlamosító tényező. Az OR kórisméjének megállapításához a kórtörténeten kívül objektív vizsgálatokat kell használni. A legelfogadottabb a specifikus nasalis provokáció. Ennek során gravimetriásan mérhetjük az orrváladék mennyiségét, vizsgálhatjuk az orrváladékban található sejteket és citokineket, valamint az orron keresztüli légáramlást rhinomanometriával és a nasalis belégzési áramlást, az orr anatómiai viszonyainak megváltozását pedig akusztikus rhinometriával. Az OR kezelése elsősorban munkahelyi feladat: fokozni a szellőztetést, csökkenteni az expozíciós időt, helyettesíteni a károsító tényezőt. Az újonnan felvetteket évente szűrni, az OR-ben szenvedőket asztma irányában vizsgálni kell. Gyógyszeres kezelés: per os antihisztamin, nasalis szteroid, kombinált hatású (antihisztamin+membránstabilizáló) szemcsepp. | Occupational rhinitis (OR) is an inflammatory disease of the nose, which is characterized by intermittent or persistent symptoms, arising out of causes and conditions attributable to a particular work environment and not to stimuli encountered outside the workplace. Its clinical symptoms (nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhea, itching, nasal airflow limitation) are very similar with the symptoms of the allergic rhinitis caused by other (classical) Agents. According to the 27/1996 NM Departmental Order, OR in Hungary is a notifiable disease. Despite, between year 1997 and 2009, not even a single case was reported in Hungary. In the last 20 years the only Hungarian reference in this field was published in 2004, in the Textbook of Occupational Medicine, edited by Ungváry. This disease is not unknown in other European countries. It can be produced by both high and low molecular weight Agents. For example, according to the publications, its prevalence among bakers can be 18–29%, and among workers with diisocyanates (painters, urethane mould workers) 36–42%. Risk factors are atopy, high concentration and multiple Irritant Agents in the air of workplace. Atopy has been associated with an increased risk of specific sensitization to a variety of HMW Agents. Beside of the clinical and occupational history, objective investigations have to be used as well, for the diagnosis of OR. The gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of OR is the nasal provocation test. Objective methods that can be used for assessing nasal patency during the investigation of OR include rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, peak nasal inspiratory flow, and gravimetry of the nasal secret. The management of the OR needs environmental interventions. These are: increasing the ventilation, decreasing the time of exposure, substitution of the Irritant Agent, investigation of possible asthma in all workers with OR. Medical treatments are: oral antihistamines, local (nasal) corticosteroids, combined (antihistamine+membran stabilizer) eyedrops
Benoit Nemery - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Irritants and asthma
The European respiratory journal, 2014Co-Authors: Lidia Casas, Benoit NemeryAbstract:Asthma is a complex entity and one of the most common disorders in the world, affecting much of the workforce [1]. Asthma prevalence in children and adults has shown an increasing trend in the last decades [2], [3], which makes this disorder a major public health concern. Nevertheless, the mechanisms for the high incidence are not yet completely understood. In this regard, epidemiological studies focused on occupational asthma may contribute to unravelling the complexity of the disorder and the Agents related to its onset and development. Work-related asthma has been classified as comprising two main entities: sensitiser-induced asthma and Irritant-induced asthma (IIA) [4]. The first involves a specific immunological response to a workplace sensitiser. These sensitisers are high-molecular-weight Agents acting via the production of specific IgE antibodies or low-molecular-weight chemicals acting via other, hitherto less clarified immunological pathways [5]–[8]. The term IIA refers to asthma caused by exposure to Agents that, when inhaled, act as respiratory Irritants in the absence of sensitisation [9], [10]. In the 1980s, Brooks et al. [11] described reactive airway dysfunction syndrome. This diagnosis required very strict criteria that restricted the syndrome to the onset of asthma-like symptoms within 24 h after a single, very high exposure to an Irritant Agent. However, further studies suggested that repeated exposure to lower levels of Irritants may also play a role in the onset …
Giuseppe Cirino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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carrageenan induced mouse paw oedema is biphasic age weight dependent and displays differential nitric oxide cyclooxygenase 2 expression
British Journal of Pharmacology, 2004Co-Authors: Inmaculada Posadas, Mariarosaria Bucci, Fiorentina Roviezzo, A Rossi, Luca Parente, Lidia Sautebin, Giuseppe CirinoAbstract:Injection of carrageenan 1% (50 microl) in the mouse paw causes a biphasic response: an early inflammatory response that lasts 6 h and a second late response that peaks at 72 h, declining at 96 h. Only mice 7- or 8-week old, weighing 32-34 g, displayed a consistent response in both phases. In 8-week-old mice, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels are significantly elevated in the early phase at 6 h and reach their maximum at 24 h to decline to basal value at 48 h. Nitrate+nitrite (NO(x)) levels in the paw are maximal after 2 h and slowly decline thereafter in contrast to prostaglandin E(2) levels that peak in the second phase at the 72 h point. Western blot analysis showed that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is detectable at 6 h and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) at 24 h point, respectively. Analysis of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), iNOS and COX-2 expression at 6 and 24 h in 3-8-week-old mice demonstrated that both eNOS and iNOS expressions are dependent upon the age-weight of mice, as opposite to COX-2 that is present only in the second phase of the oedema and is not linked to mouse age-weight. Subplantar injection of carrageenan to C57BL/6J causes a biphasic oedema that is significantly reduced by about 20% when compared to CD1 mice. Interestingly, in these mice, iNOS expression is absent up to 6 h, as opposite to CD1, and becomes detectable at the 24 h point. Cyclooxygenase (COX-1) expression is upregulated between 4 and 24 h after carrageenan injection, whereas in CD1 mice COX-1 remains unchanged after Irritant Agent injection. MPO levels are maximal at the 24 h point and they are significantly lower, at 6 h point, than MPO levels detected in CD1 mice. In conclusion, mouse paw oedema is biphasic and age-weight dependent. The present results are the first report on the differential expressions of eNOS, iNOS, COX-1 and COX-2 in response to carrageenan injection in the two phases of the mouse paw oedema.
Axel Trautmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do it yourself cement work the main cause of severe Irritant contact dermatitis requiring hospitalization
Contact Dermatitis, 2013Co-Authors: Heiko Poppe, Lidia M Poppe, E B Brocker, Axel TrautmannAbstract:Background. There are myriads of potentially Irritant Agents causing acute Irritant contact dermatitis. In the large majority of cases, dermatitis is mild to moderate, and patients do not need hospitalization. However, some Agents or special circumstances may cause severe dermatitis requiring more intensive therapy. Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate causative Agents of severe acute Irritant contact dermatitis requiring hospitalization. Methods. In this single-centre observational cohort study, we included 54 consecutive patients presenting with signs and symptoms of acute Irritant contact dermatitis for which hospitalization was necessary. The severity of dermatitis was graded (grade I-IV) according to intensity, and details related to the skin irritation (Irritant Agent, area of exposure, time interval to onset of symptoms, and duration of hospitalization) were determined. Results. All cases with severe ulcerative dermatitis (grade IV) were caused by wet cement, owing to prolonged skin contact. These cement burns are clearly associated with amateur work, younger age, male preponderance, and leg localization. Conclusions. The study data provide clear-cut evidence that wet cement is a severely Irritant substance that regularly causes the most severe form of acute Irritant contact dermatitis. The main causative prerequisite for these cement burns is do-it-yourself work with poor protective measures. Language: en
