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Kazuki Shinohara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Human Intestinal Flora on Plasma and Caecal Isoflavones, and Effects of Isoflavones on the Composition and Metabolism of Flora in Human Flora-Associated (HFA) Mice
Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease, 2004Co-Authors: Motoi Tamura, Kazuhiro Hirayama, Kikuji Itoh, Kazuki ShinoharaAbstract:Much attention has focused on the Isoflavones present in soybeans. In this study, we investigated the influence of human intestinal flora on plasma and caecal Isoflavones using human flora-associated (HFA) mice. The GI (germfree-Isoflavone) and HI (HFA-Isoflavone) mice were administered daidzein and genistein and the GC (germ-free control) and HC (HFA control) mice were administered solvent over a 4-day period. The plasma and caecal Isoflavones were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Caecal bacterial b-glucosidase and β -glucuronidase activities were also measured. The composition of intestinal flora was analysed. The total amounts of daidzein and genistein in the caecum were significantly higher in the GI mice than in the HI mice. Equol was detected only in the plasma and caecal contents of the HI mice. The caecal β -glucosidase activity was significantly lower in the HFA mice administered Isoflavones (p
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Effects of soy protein-Isoflavone diet on plasma Isoflavone and intestinal microflora in adult mice
Nutrition Research, 2002Co-Authors: Motoi Tamura, Kazuhiro Hirayama, Kikuji Itoh, Hiramitsu Suzuki, Kazuki ShinoharaAbstract:Effects of supplementing soy protein or casein diet with Isoflavones on intestinal microflora and plasma concentrations of lipids and Isoflavone metabolites were studied. Male mice were fed a soy protein or casein diet supplemented with Isoflavones for four weeks, and feces and plasma samples were collected. Animals were also fed the soy protein or casein diet and feces were collected to investigate the capacity to produce equol from daidzein in vitro. The number of fusiform-shaped bacteria was significantly lower in the soy-Isoflavone diet group than in the casein-Isoflavone diet group, whereas the number of lactobacilli was significantly higher. No significant difference was observed in the plasma lipid concentration between the soy-Isoflavone diet group and casein-Isoflavone diet group. Plasma equol concentration was significantly higher in the soy-Isoflavone diet group than in the casein-Isoflavone diet group. After incubation of daidzein in vitro with the feces from the mice fed the soy protein and casein diets, the production of equol from daidzein was significantly more in the soy protein diet group. The present study indicates that the soy protein diet supplemented with Isoflavone has an impact on the composition and metabolism of intestinal microflora and suggests that soy protein plays some roles in the effect of dietary Isoflavones on the host through their effects on the intestinal microflora.
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Effects of rice starch-Isoflavone diet or potato starch-Isoflavone diet on plasma Isoflavone, plasma lipids, cecal enzyme activity, and composition of fecal microflora in adult mice.
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2002Co-Authors: Motoi Tamura, Kazuhiro Hirayama, Kikuji Itoh, Hiramitsu Suzuki, Kazuki ShinoharaAbstract:The effects of rice starch-Isoflavone diet or potato starch-Isoflavone diet onplasma concentration of Isoflavones, plasma lipids, cecal enzyme activity, and intestinalmicroflora were studied. Male 15-wk-old mice were fed a rice-starch-based or potatostarch-based diet supplemented with Isoflavones for 4 wk, and plasma samples, cecal contents, and feces were collected individually. Plasma equol concentration was significantlyhigher in the potato-Isoflavone diet group than in the rice-Isoflavone diet group, but no significant difference was observed in plasma daidzein or genistein concentrations. Plasmatotal cholesterol concentration was higher in the potato-Isoflavone diet group, but no significant difference was observed in plasma triglyceride concentration, Both cecal β-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase activities were significantly higher in the rice-Isoflavone diet group. The number of bifidobacteria was significantly higher in the potato-Isoflavone dietgroup. These results indicate that different types of starches have different influences on plasma Isoflavone and suggest that the influences might be through the change of host physiology and/or the metabolism and composition of intestinal microflora.
Carl E Sams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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correlations of oil and protein with Isoflavone concentration in soybean glycine max l merr
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Craig S Charron, Fred L Allen, Richard D Johnson, Vincent R Pantalone, Carl E SamsAbstract:Twelve Isoflavones were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography in seeds of 17 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivars grown at three locations. 6‘ ‘-O-Malonyldaidzin and 6‘ ‘-O-malonylgenistin together constituted 71−81% of total Isoflavones, which ranged in concentration from 2038 to 9514 μg/g and averaged 5644 μg/g across locations and cultivars. The total as well as several individual Isoflavones had a moderate negative correlation with oil across locations and cultivars. Six cultivars had a moderate or strong negative correlation of total Isoflavones with oil. Five cultivars had a moderate or strong positive correlation of total Isoflavones with protein. These results suggest that judicious selection of germplasm for soybean breeding may facilitate development of soybean lines with desirable Isoflavone concentrations. Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill; Isoflavone; oil; protein; soy; soybean; phytoestrogen
Ill Min Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of Isoflavones composition in seed embryo cotyledon and seed coat of cooked with rice and vegetable soybean glycine max l varieties
Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Seungbeom Hong, Woosuk Jung, Changyeon Yu, Jaegoon Gwag, Ill Min ChungAbstract:Abstract In order to study the content and composition of Isoflavones retained in soybean seed component, obtained each component part the embryo, cotyledon and seed coat tissues of nine different soybean varieties were analyzed for 12 Isoflavones using high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA) and were compared to each other. A total average concentration of Isoflavone was 2887 μg g −1 in embryo, 575 μg g −1 in whole seed, 325 μg g −1 in cotyledon, and 33 μg g −1 in seed coat. With respect to each tissue of soybean varieties, Isoflavone content was highest in Geomjeongkong 2 embryo (5701 μg g −1 ), Geomjeongolkong whole seed (1321 μg g −1 ), Heugcheongkong cotyledon (951 μg g −1 ), and Keunolkong seed coat (56 μg g −1 ). Isoflavone was least present in Keunolkong embryo (341 μg g −1 ), Hwaeomputkong whole seed (175 μg g −1 ), Seonheukkong cotyledon (81 μg g −1 ), and Seoklyangputkong seed coat (5 μg g −1 ). Overall, embryo and seed coat of all nine varieties contained Isoflavones at the highest and lowest level, respectively. Isoflavones accumulated in the order of malonylglycoside, glycoside, acetylglycoside, and aglycon, among which malonylglycoside was the most abundant form ranging from 66% to 79% of the total Isoflavone content in all three tissues. The embryo of cooked-with-rice soybean with black seed coat appears to be the best source of Isoflavone.
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effects of year site genotype and their interactions on various soybean Isoflavones
Field Crops Research, 2003Co-Authors: Ill Min ChungAbstract:Abstract The popularity of soybeans is increasing as soybean products are now regarded as healthy foods, partly due to the Isoflavones contained in their seeds. This study was initiated to study the Isoflavone content in soybean seeds as influenced by genotype, year, site and their interactions. Fifteen cultivars were grown at three sites (Seoul, Suwon and Kyongsan) in Korea in 1998–2000, and harvested seeds were measured to determine the content of nine different Isoflavones. This study led to the following conclusions. The main environmental effects (year and year-by-site interactions) and genotype-by-environment interactions (genotype-by-year and genotype-by-year-by-site interactions) were the most important sources of variation for the content of various Isoflavones in soybean seeds. Significant differences among genotypes in Isoflavone content exist that can only be reliably detected through multi-site and multi-year tests. The genotype ‘Geomjeong 1’ had consistently higher total Isoflavone content. While the genotype ‘Jangyeob’ also had high total Isoflavone content, it was less stable than ‘Geomjeong 1’. There were no major genetically determined negative associations among the Isoflavones, except for that between glycitin (GLY) and malonylgenistin (MGIN). On the contrary, a strong negative environmental association was observed between genistein (GEIN) (along with glycitein (GLIEN)) and daidzin (DIN) (along with genistin (GIN)). Both genetically and environmentally, total Isoflavone content was most closely associated with malonylgenistin (MGIN).
Motoi Tamura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Human Intestinal Flora on Plasma and Caecal Isoflavones, and Effects of Isoflavones on the Composition and Metabolism of Flora in Human Flora-Associated (HFA) Mice
Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease, 2004Co-Authors: Motoi Tamura, Kazuhiro Hirayama, Kikuji Itoh, Kazuki ShinoharaAbstract:Much attention has focused on the Isoflavones present in soybeans. In this study, we investigated the influence of human intestinal flora on plasma and caecal Isoflavones using human flora-associated (HFA) mice. The GI (germfree-Isoflavone) and HI (HFA-Isoflavone) mice were administered daidzein and genistein and the GC (germ-free control) and HC (HFA control) mice were administered solvent over a 4-day period. The plasma and caecal Isoflavones were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Caecal bacterial b-glucosidase and β -glucuronidase activities were also measured. The composition of intestinal flora was analysed. The total amounts of daidzein and genistein in the caecum were significantly higher in the GI mice than in the HI mice. Equol was detected only in the plasma and caecal contents of the HI mice. The caecal β -glucosidase activity was significantly lower in the HFA mice administered Isoflavones (p
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Effects of soy protein-Isoflavone diet on plasma Isoflavone and intestinal microflora in adult mice
Nutrition Research, 2002Co-Authors: Motoi Tamura, Kazuhiro Hirayama, Kikuji Itoh, Hiramitsu Suzuki, Kazuki ShinoharaAbstract:Effects of supplementing soy protein or casein diet with Isoflavones on intestinal microflora and plasma concentrations of lipids and Isoflavone metabolites were studied. Male mice were fed a soy protein or casein diet supplemented with Isoflavones for four weeks, and feces and plasma samples were collected. Animals were also fed the soy protein or casein diet and feces were collected to investigate the capacity to produce equol from daidzein in vitro. The number of fusiform-shaped bacteria was significantly lower in the soy-Isoflavone diet group than in the casein-Isoflavone diet group, whereas the number of lactobacilli was significantly higher. No significant difference was observed in the plasma lipid concentration between the soy-Isoflavone diet group and casein-Isoflavone diet group. Plasma equol concentration was significantly higher in the soy-Isoflavone diet group than in the casein-Isoflavone diet group. After incubation of daidzein in vitro with the feces from the mice fed the soy protein and casein diets, the production of equol from daidzein was significantly more in the soy protein diet group. The present study indicates that the soy protein diet supplemented with Isoflavone has an impact on the composition and metabolism of intestinal microflora and suggests that soy protein plays some roles in the effect of dietary Isoflavones on the host through their effects on the intestinal microflora.
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Effects of rice starch-Isoflavone diet or potato starch-Isoflavone diet on plasma Isoflavone, plasma lipids, cecal enzyme activity, and composition of fecal microflora in adult mice.
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2002Co-Authors: Motoi Tamura, Kazuhiro Hirayama, Kikuji Itoh, Hiramitsu Suzuki, Kazuki ShinoharaAbstract:The effects of rice starch-Isoflavone diet or potato starch-Isoflavone diet onplasma concentration of Isoflavones, plasma lipids, cecal enzyme activity, and intestinalmicroflora were studied. Male 15-wk-old mice were fed a rice-starch-based or potatostarch-based diet supplemented with Isoflavones for 4 wk, and plasma samples, cecal contents, and feces were collected individually. Plasma equol concentration was significantlyhigher in the potato-Isoflavone diet group than in the rice-Isoflavone diet group, but no significant difference was observed in plasma daidzein or genistein concentrations. Plasmatotal cholesterol concentration was higher in the potato-Isoflavone diet group, but no significant difference was observed in plasma triglyceride concentration, Both cecal β-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase activities were significantly higher in the rice-Isoflavone diet group. The number of bifidobacteria was significantly higher in the potato-Isoflavone dietgroup. These results indicate that different types of starches have different influences on plasma Isoflavone and suggest that the influences might be through the change of host physiology and/or the metabolism and composition of intestinal microflora.
Baraem Ismail - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of protein content and denaturation on the extractability and stability of Isoflavones in different soy systems
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Sravanthi P Malaypally, Baraem IsmailAbstract:The effect of protein on the thermal stability of Isoflavones and the efficiency of their extraction from various soy matrixes was investigated. Isoflavones were extracted from soymilk, soybean. and soy protein isolate, varying in protein content and/or denaturation state, following nonenzyme-assisted solvent extraction or enzyme-assisted extraction. Selected samples were subjected to thermal treatment prior to and posthydrolysis of the protein. The extraction efficiency was a function of the enzyme used, sample to solvent ratio, protein content, and protein denaturation state. Proteolysis and reducing the sample to solvent ratio enhanced the Isoflavone extractability, especially in samples with denatured protein. Results demonstrated clearly that the solvent extraction techniques currently used considerably underestimate Isoflavone content in complex soy systems with high protein content. The stability of Isoflavones was reduced upon protein hydrolysis, indicating that the protein moiety may have a protective effect against the thermal degradation of Isoflavones.
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Heat and pH effects on the conjugated forms of genistin and daidzin Isoflavones.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Kevin Mathias, Baraem Ismail, Carlos Corvalan, K.d. HayesAbstract:Isoflavones occur primarily as glycosides (namely, malonyl-, acetyl-, and non-conjugated beta-glycosides) and a small percentage as the bioactive aglycon. The different chemical structures of Isoflavones can dictate their stability during processing. Therefore, our objective was to determine the effects of pH and thermal treatments on conjugated Isoflavones with regard to interconversions and loss. Conjugated daidzin and genistin were heated at 25, 80, and 100 degrees C under neutral, acidic, and basic conditions. Changes in Isoflavone derivatives were monitored using high-performance liquid chromatography. Along with interconversions, considerable loss in total known Isoflavone derivatives was noted for each Isoflavone, especially under elevated pH and temperature. The malonylglycosides showed more stability than acetylglycosides, especially under acidic conditions. Overall, loss in Isoflavone derivatives was significantly higher for daidzin than for genistin glycoside forms. Our results highlighted the significance of chemical structure with regard to stability, which is a key factor in determining soy processing conditions.
