Isopentyl Acetate

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Martin Giurfa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pheromones modulate responsiveness to a noxious stimulus in honey bees
    The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Natacha Rossi, Patrizia Dettorre, Martin Giurfa
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Pheromones are chemical substances released into the environment by an individual, which trigger stereotyped behaviors and/or physiological processes in individuals of the same species. Yet, a novel hypothesis has suggested that pheromones not only elicit innate responses but also contribute to behavioral plasticity by affecting the subjective evaluation of appetitive or aversive stimuli. To test this hypothesis, we exposed bees to three pheromonal components whose valence was either negative (i.e. associated with aversive events: Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone) or positive (i.e. associated with appetitive events: geraniol). We then determined the effect of this exposure on the subjective evaluation of aversive stimuli by quantifying responsiveness to a series of increasing electric shock voltages before and after exposure. Two experiments were conducted varying the time lapse between shock series (15 min in experiment 1, and 24 h in experiment 2). In experiment 1, we observed a general decrease of shock responsiveness caused by fatigue, due to the short lapse of time between the two series of shocks. This decrease could only be counteracted by Isopentyl Acetate. The enhancing effect of Isopentyl Acetate on shock responsiveness was also found in experiment 2. Conversely, geraniol decreased aversive responsiveness in this experiment; 2-heptanone did not affect aversive responsiveness in any experiment. Overall, our results demonstrate that certain pheromones modulate the salience of aversive stimuli according to their valence. In this way, they would affect the motivation to engage in aversive responses, thus acting as modulators of behavioral plasticity.

  • Different functions of two alarm substances in the honeybee.
    Journal of comparative physiology. A Neuroethology sensory neural and behavioral physiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Norberto Balderrama, Josué A. Núñez, Fernando J. Guerrieri, Martin Giurfa
    Abstract:

    In the honeybee, Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone are described as alarm substances. We asked whether both substances have a similar role by testing the effect of their exposure on the appetitive proboscis extension reflex and on the aversive stinging reflex. In the appetitive context of sucrose stimulation no differences were found between Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone. Small amounts of Isopentyl Acetate or 2-heptanone (3 µl of 1:9 dilution) yielded a response similar to that of a non-exposed control. Larger amounts of both substances (125 µl of 1:9 dilutions) as well as mixtures led to a decrease of responsiveness to sucrose. In the aversive context of electrical stimulation, significant differences between Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone were found. Exposure to a small amount of Isopentyl Acetate (3 µl of 1:9 dilution) or to a large amount of 2-heptanone (125 µl of 1:9 dilution) led to an increase of responsiveness to the electric shock. Larger quantities of Isopentyl Acetate (125 µl of 1:9 dilution) decreased the responsiveness to the shock. 2-Heptanone never decreased the responsiveness to the shock. Our results indicate that Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone have different functions even if both are capable of evoking deterrent responses in a defensive context.

  • Different functions of two alarm substances in the honeybee A Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Norberto Balderrama, Josué A. Núñez, Fernando J. Guerrieri, Martin Giurfa
    Abstract:

    In the honeybee, Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone are described as alarm substances. We asked whether both substances have a similar role by testing the effect of their exposure on the appetitive proboscis extension reflex and on the aversive stinging reflex. In the appetitive context of sucrose stimulation no differences were found between Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone. Small amounts of Isopentyl Acetate of 2-heptanone (3 microliter of 1:9 dilution) yielded a response similar to that of a non-exposed control. Larger amounts of both substances (125 microliter of 1:9 dilutions) as well as mixtures led to a decrease of responsiveness to sucrose. In the aversive context of electrical stimulation. significant differences between Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptagon were found. Exposure to a small amount oi Isopentyl Acetate (3 microliter of 1:9 dilution) or to a large amount of 2-heptanone (125 microliter of 1:9 dilution) led to an increase of responsiveness to the electric shock. Larger quantities of Isopentyl Acetate (125 microliter of 1:9 dilution, decreased the responsiveness to the shock. 2-Heptanone never decreased the responsiveness to the shock. Our results indicate that Isopentyl Acetate and 2-heptanone have different functions even if both are capable evoking deterrent responses in a defensive context.

  • Alarm Pheromone Induces Stress Analgesia via an Opioid System in the Honeybee
    Physiology & behavior, 1997
    Co-Authors: Josué A. Núñez, Norberto Balderrama, Lourdes O. Almeida, Martin Giurfa
    Abstract:

    Changes of the stinging response threshold of Apis mellifera scutellata were measured on foragers fixed on a holder and stimulated with an electric shock as a noxious stimulus. The threshold of responsiveness to the noxious stimulus increased when bees were previously stimulated with Isopentyl Acetate, which is a main component of the alarm pheromone of the sting chamber. This effect is antagonised by previous injection of naloxone-hydrochloride (Endo Laboratories Inc.). Results suggest that in the honeybee an endogenous opioid system activated by Isopentyl Acetate is responsible for modulation of perception for nociceptive stimuli. The resulting stress-induced analgesia in the defender bee would reduce its probability of withdrawal thus increasing its efficiency against enemies.

  • PII S0031-9384(97)00391-0 Alarm Pheromone Induces Stress Analgesia via an Opioid System in the Honeybee
    1997
    Co-Authors: Lourdes Almeida, Norberto Balderrama, Martin Giurfa
    Abstract:

    system in the honeybee. PHYSIOL BEHAV 63(1) 75–80, 1998.—Changes of the stinging response threshold of Apis mellifera scutellata were measured on foragers fixed on a holder and stimulated with an electric shock as a noxious stimulus. The threshold of responsiveness to the noxious stimulus increased when bees were previously stimulated with Isopentyl Acetate, which is a main component of the alarm pheromone of the sting chamber. This effect is antagonised by previous injection of naloxone-hydrochloride (Endo Laboratories Inc.). Results suggest that in the honeybee an endogenous opioid system activated by Isopentyl Acetate is responsible for modulation of perception for nociceptive stimuli. The resulting stress-induced analgesia in the defender bee would reduce its probability of withdrawal thus increasing its efficiency against enemies. © 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. Honeybees Opioid system Alarm pheromone Stress-induced analgesia Stinging response MECHANISMS of ‘‘stress-induced analgesia’ ’ in relation to de-fensive behavior have been postulated in several animals (5). Such mechanisms would increase the threshold of responsiveness to external stimuli that elicit innate defensive responses through activation of endogenous opioid and non-opioid mediated forms of stress-induced analgesia (17). Although the analgesic properties of opiates in vertebrates ar

Marian Fanega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Vapor-liquid equilibria for methanol + pentyl Acetate, vinyl Acetate + pentyl Acetate, and methanol + Isopentyl Acetate
    Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2001
    Co-Authors: José M. Resa, Juan Lanz, Cristina Gonzalez, Salomé Ortiz De Landaluce, Marian Fanega
    Abstract:

    Abstract Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria were determined at 101.3 kPa for methanol+pentyl Acetate, methanol+Isopentyl Acetate, and vinyl Acetate+pentyl Acetate. The thermodynamic consistency of the experimental data was checked by using a modified Dechema test. The activity coefficients were correlated with Margules, van Laar, Wilson, NRTL, and Wilson equations. None of the systems shows azeotropy. Pentyl Acetate is a potential extractive distillation entrainer of the azeotropic mixture methanol+vinyl Acetate.

  • vapor liquid equilibria for methanol pentyl Acetate vinyl Acetate pentyl Acetate and methanol Isopentyl Acetate
    Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2001
    Co-Authors: José M. Resa, Juan Lanz, Cristina Gonzalez, Salomé Ortiz De Landaluce, Marian Fanega
    Abstract:

    Abstract Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria were determined at 101.3 kPa for methanol+pentyl Acetate, methanol+Isopentyl Acetate, and vinyl Acetate+pentyl Acetate. The thermodynamic consistency of the experimental data was checked by using a modified Dechema test. The activity coefficients were correlated with Margules, van Laar, Wilson, NRTL, and Wilson equations. None of the systems shows azeotropy. Pentyl Acetate is a potential extractive distillation entrainer of the azeotropic mixture methanol+vinyl Acetate.

José M. Resa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Cristina Gonzalez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Juan Lanz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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