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Michael S. Engel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A replacement name for the Cretaceous termite genus Gigantotermes (Isoptera)
Novitates Paleoentomologicae, 2016Co-Authors: Michael S. Engel, Phillip Barden, David A GrimaldiAbstract:A replacement name is proposed in order to remove a case of secondary homonymy between the Cretaceous termite genus Gigantotermes Engel, Barden, & Grimaldi (Isoptera) and the Jurassic lacewing, Gigantotermes Haase (Neuroptera). Ginormotermes Engel, Barden, & Grimaldi, new name, is established in place of the former, resulting in the new combination: Ginormotermesrex (Engel, Barden, & Grimaldi).
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Treatise on the Isoptera of the World
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 2013Co-Authors: Kumar. Krishna, David A Grimaldi, Valerie Krishna, Michael S. EngelAbstract:ABSTRACT A comprehensive compendium on the taxonomy and biology of the 3106 living and fossil species of the worlds termites is presented, along with reviews of Isoptera morphology and evolution, identification keys, the history of termite systematics, and summary of the worlds 363 significant pest species. A complete bibliography is provided of nearly 5000 references covering virtually all aspects of termite taxonomy and biology through December 2011. The morphology of Isoptera is thoroughly reviewed and illustrated with original scanning electron micrographs and photomicrographs, covering the cuticular anatomy and those internal organs that are taxonomically and phylogenetically significant, including several new character systems. Terminology is presented for the systems of tibial spines and spurs so as to establish homologs. Keys are presented to the nine living families of termites, and the world subfamilies and genera of Archotermopsidae, Hodotermitidae, Kalotermitidae, Mastotermitidae, Rhinotermiti...
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Treatise on the Isoptera of the World: Introduction
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 2013Co-Authors: Kumar. Krishna, David A Grimaldi, Valerie Krishna, Michael S. EngelAbstract:A comprehensive compendium on the taxonomy and biology of the 3106 living and fossil species of the worlds termites is presented, along with reviews of Isoptera morphology and evolution, identification keys, the history of termite systematics, and summary of the worlds 363 significant pest species. A complete bibliography is provided of nearly 5000 references covering virtually all aspects of termite taxonomy and biology through December 2011.The morphology of Isoptera is thoroughly reviewed and illustrated with original scanning electron micrographs and photomicrographs, covering the cuticular anatomy and those internal organs that are taxonomically and phylogenetically significant, including several new character systems. Terminology is presented for the systems of tibial spines and spurs so as to establish homologs. Keys are presented to the nine living families of termites, and the world subfamilies and genera of Archotermopsidae, Hodotermitidae, Kalotermitidae, Mastotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae, Serritermitidae, Stolotermitidae, and Stylotermitidae. A key to subfamilies of the Termitidae is included. A detailed morphological diagnosis for each family and subfamily is provided, along with images of exemplar species. The history of Isopteran research in taxonomy, systematics, morphology, paleontology, and biology is reviewed from 1758 to the present, with emphasis on transformative workers such as Holmgren, Silvestri, Emerson, Roonwal, Noirot, and Sands. Evolution of the Isoptera is reviewed, including the diversity and natural history of genera and species in all Zoogeographic regions, major patterns in social biology, the phylogeny of Recent and fossil genera and families, and 135 million years of fossils preserved as compressions, mineralized replicas, and in amber. The definitive sister group to the Isoptera is the monogeneric family of wood roaches, Cryptocercidae (Cryptocercus), so the taxonomic ranks of the two groups are now Infraorder Isoptera and Infraorder Cryptocercoidea within Order Blattaria (roaches and termites).The compendium summarizes the taxonomic history, nomenclature, distribution, type locality, and repository, and all significant aspects of natural history and biology for each species of the world, exclusive of pest control and colony inquilines (termitophiles). The classification of Recent and fossil lower termites (all those exclusive of family Termitidae) used in the compendium is from Engel et al. (2009), which is based on morphology and largely congruent with molecular studies. Rhinotermitidae s.s. (exclusive of Stylotermitidae) may be paraphyletic with respect to Termitidae, although the six traditional subfamilies of the former are used here. A separate section summarizes the nomenclatural changes made in the compendium, including new synonymies, new combinations, status novus, lectotype selection etc. A detailed list is provided of museums and other institutional collections that house type specimens. An index is included. The Treatise is intended to provide an authoritative foundation for taxonomic work on the Isoptera, present and future.
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New, primitive termites (Isoptera) from Early Cretaceous ambers of France and Lebanon
2011Co-Authors: Michael S. Engel, André Nel, Dany Azar, Carmen Soriano, Paul Tafforeau, Didier Néraudeau, Jean-paul Colin, Vincent PerrichotAbstract:Three new genera and species of primitive termites (Isoptera) are described and fi gured from Early Cretaceous French and Lebanese ambers: Santonitermes chloeae ENGEL, NEL & PERRICHOT, n. gen., n. sp., from an imago preserved in Charentese amber (AlbianCenomanian); Syagriotermes salomeae ENGEL, NEL & PERRICHOT, n. gen., n. sp., from an alate detected in opaque amber from the same locality and reconstructed using synchrotron microtomographic imaging; and Lebanotermes veltzae ENGEL, AZAR & NEL, n. gen., n. sp., from an alate preserved in Lebanese amber (Aptian). The three genera exhibit primitive features of the Meiatermes-grade of early Isopteran genera (sensu ENGEL et al. 2009). In addition, three further fragmentary specimens from Lebanon amber are reported, each apparently distinct from Lebanotermes n. gen. and the previously described Melqartitermes ENGEL et al., 2007. The new fossils further document the diversity and morphological disparity of 'lower' termite groups during the Early Cretaceous, highlighting the importance of palaeontological material for understanding Isopteran phylogeny as well as the diversifi cation of Isoptera in the latest Jurassic and Early Cretaceous.
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The termites of Early Eocene Cambay amber, with the earliest record of the Termitidae (Isoptera)
ZooKeys, 2011Co-Authors: Michael S. Engel, David A Grimaldi, Paul C. Nascimbene, Hukam SinghAbstract:The fauna of termites (Isoptera) preserved in Early Eocene amber from the Cambay Basin (Gujarat, India) are described and figured. Three new genera and four new species are recognized, all of them NeoIsoptera – Parastylotermes krishnai Engel & Grimaldi, sp. n. (Stylotermitidae); Prostylotermes kamboja Engel & Grimaldi, gen. et sp. n. (Stylotermitidae?); Zophotermes Engel, gen. n., with Zophotermes ashoki Engel & Singh, sp. n. (Rhinotermitidae: Prorhinotermitinae); and Nanotermes isaacae Engel & Grimaldi, gen. et sp. n. (Termitidae: Termitinae?). Together these species represent the earliest Tertiary records of the NeoIsoptera and the oldest definitive record of Termitidae, a family that comprises >75% of the living species of Isoptera. Interestingly, the affinities of the Cambay amber termites are with largely Laurasian lineages, in this regard paralleling relationships seen between the fauna of bees and some flies. Diversity of NeoIsoptera in Indian amber may reflect origin of the amber deposit in Dipterocarpaceae forests formed at or near the paleoequator.
Robert Hanus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chemical alarm in the termite Termitogeton planus (Rhinotermitidae)
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2014Co-Authors: Klára Dolejšová, Jana Krasulová, Kateřina Kutalová, Robert HanusAbstract:Effective defense is a common characteristic of insect societies. Indeed, the occurrence of specialized defenders, soldiers, has been the first step toward eusociality in several independent lineages, including termites. Among the multitude of defensive strategies used by termite soldiers, defense by chemicals plays a crucial role. It has evolved with complexity in advanced Isopteran lineages, whose soldiers are equipped with a unique defensive organ, the frontal gland. Besides direct defense against predators, competitors, and pathogens, the chemicals emitted by soldiers from the frontal gland are used as signals of alarm. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of the defensive secretion produced by soldiers of the termite Termitogeton planus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), from West Papua, and the effects of this secretion on the behavior of termite groups. Detailed two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of the soldier defensive secretion revealed the presence of four linear and nine monoterpene hydrocarbons. Soldier head extracts, as well as synthetic mixtures of the monoterpenes found in these extracts, elicited alarm behavior in both soldiers and pseudergates. Our results suggest that the alarm is not triggered by a single monoterpene from the defensive blend, but by a multi-component signal combining quantitatively major and minor compounds.
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Chemical alarm in the termite Termitogeton planus (Rhinotermitidae).
Journal of chemical ecology, 2014Co-Authors: Klára Dolejšová, Jana Krasulová, Kateřina Kutalová, Robert HanusAbstract:Effective defense is a common characteristic of insect societies. Indeed, the occurrence of specialized defenders, soldiers, has been the first step toward eusociality in several independent lineages, including termites. Among the multitude of defensive strategies used by termite soldiers, defense by chemicals plays a crucial role. It has evolved with complexity in advanced Isopteran lineages, whose soldiers are equipped with a unique defensive organ, the frontal gland. Besides direct defense against predators, competitors, and pathogens, the chemicals emitted by soldiers from the frontal gland are used as signals of alarm. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of the defensive secretion produced by soldiers of the termite Termitogeton planus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), from West Papua, and the effects of this secretion on the behavior of termite groups. Detailed two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of the soldier defensive secretion revealed the presence of four linear and nine monoterpene hydrocarbons. Soldier head extracts, as well as synthetic mixtures of the monoterpenes found in these extracts, elicited alarm behavior in both soldiers and pseudergates. Our results suggest that the alarm is not triggered by a single monoterpene from the defensive blend, but by a multi-component signal combining quantitatively major and minor compounds.
Klára Dolejšová - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chemical alarm in the termite Termitogeton planus (Rhinotermitidae)
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2014Co-Authors: Klára Dolejšová, Jana Krasulová, Kateřina Kutalová, Robert HanusAbstract:Effective defense is a common characteristic of insect societies. Indeed, the occurrence of specialized defenders, soldiers, has been the first step toward eusociality in several independent lineages, including termites. Among the multitude of defensive strategies used by termite soldiers, defense by chemicals plays a crucial role. It has evolved with complexity in advanced Isopteran lineages, whose soldiers are equipped with a unique defensive organ, the frontal gland. Besides direct defense against predators, competitors, and pathogens, the chemicals emitted by soldiers from the frontal gland are used as signals of alarm. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of the defensive secretion produced by soldiers of the termite Termitogeton planus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), from West Papua, and the effects of this secretion on the behavior of termite groups. Detailed two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of the soldier defensive secretion revealed the presence of four linear and nine monoterpene hydrocarbons. Soldier head extracts, as well as synthetic mixtures of the monoterpenes found in these extracts, elicited alarm behavior in both soldiers and pseudergates. Our results suggest that the alarm is not triggered by a single monoterpene from the defensive blend, but by a multi-component signal combining quantitatively major and minor compounds.
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Chemical alarm in the termite Termitogeton planus (Rhinotermitidae).
Journal of chemical ecology, 2014Co-Authors: Klára Dolejšová, Jana Krasulová, Kateřina Kutalová, Robert HanusAbstract:Effective defense is a common characteristic of insect societies. Indeed, the occurrence of specialized defenders, soldiers, has been the first step toward eusociality in several independent lineages, including termites. Among the multitude of defensive strategies used by termite soldiers, defense by chemicals plays a crucial role. It has evolved with complexity in advanced Isopteran lineages, whose soldiers are equipped with a unique defensive organ, the frontal gland. Besides direct defense against predators, competitors, and pathogens, the chemicals emitted by soldiers from the frontal gland are used as signals of alarm. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of the defensive secretion produced by soldiers of the termite Termitogeton planus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), from West Papua, and the effects of this secretion on the behavior of termite groups. Detailed two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of the soldier defensive secretion revealed the presence of four linear and nine monoterpene hydrocarbons. Soldier head extracts, as well as synthetic mixtures of the monoterpenes found in these extracts, elicited alarm behavior in both soldiers and pseudergates. Our results suggest that the alarm is not triggered by a single monoterpene from the defensive blend, but by a multi-component signal combining quantitatively major and minor compounds.
Kumar. Krishna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Treatise on the Isoptera of the World
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 2013Co-Authors: Kumar. Krishna, David A Grimaldi, Valerie Krishna, Michael S. EngelAbstract:ABSTRACT A comprehensive compendium on the taxonomy and biology of the 3106 living and fossil species of the worlds termites is presented, along with reviews of Isoptera morphology and evolution, identification keys, the history of termite systematics, and summary of the worlds 363 significant pest species. A complete bibliography is provided of nearly 5000 references covering virtually all aspects of termite taxonomy and biology through December 2011. The morphology of Isoptera is thoroughly reviewed and illustrated with original scanning electron micrographs and photomicrographs, covering the cuticular anatomy and those internal organs that are taxonomically and phylogenetically significant, including several new character systems. Terminology is presented for the systems of tibial spines and spurs so as to establish homologs. Keys are presented to the nine living families of termites, and the world subfamilies and genera of Archotermopsidae, Hodotermitidae, Kalotermitidae, Mastotermitidae, Rhinotermiti...
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Treatise on the Isoptera of the World: Introduction
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 2013Co-Authors: Kumar. Krishna, David A Grimaldi, Valerie Krishna, Michael S. EngelAbstract:A comprehensive compendium on the taxonomy and biology of the 3106 living and fossil species of the worlds termites is presented, along with reviews of Isoptera morphology and evolution, identification keys, the history of termite systematics, and summary of the worlds 363 significant pest species. A complete bibliography is provided of nearly 5000 references covering virtually all aspects of termite taxonomy and biology through December 2011.The morphology of Isoptera is thoroughly reviewed and illustrated with original scanning electron micrographs and photomicrographs, covering the cuticular anatomy and those internal organs that are taxonomically and phylogenetically significant, including several new character systems. Terminology is presented for the systems of tibial spines and spurs so as to establish homologs. Keys are presented to the nine living families of termites, and the world subfamilies and genera of Archotermopsidae, Hodotermitidae, Kalotermitidae, Mastotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae, Serritermitidae, Stolotermitidae, and Stylotermitidae. A key to subfamilies of the Termitidae is included. A detailed morphological diagnosis for each family and subfamily is provided, along with images of exemplar species. The history of Isopteran research in taxonomy, systematics, morphology, paleontology, and biology is reviewed from 1758 to the present, with emphasis on transformative workers such as Holmgren, Silvestri, Emerson, Roonwal, Noirot, and Sands. Evolution of the Isoptera is reviewed, including the diversity and natural history of genera and species in all Zoogeographic regions, major patterns in social biology, the phylogeny of Recent and fossil genera and families, and 135 million years of fossils preserved as compressions, mineralized replicas, and in amber. The definitive sister group to the Isoptera is the monogeneric family of wood roaches, Cryptocercidae (Cryptocercus), so the taxonomic ranks of the two groups are now Infraorder Isoptera and Infraorder Cryptocercoidea within Order Blattaria (roaches and termites).The compendium summarizes the taxonomic history, nomenclature, distribution, type locality, and repository, and all significant aspects of natural history and biology for each species of the world, exclusive of pest control and colony inquilines (termitophiles). The classification of Recent and fossil lower termites (all those exclusive of family Termitidae) used in the compendium is from Engel et al. (2009), which is based on morphology and largely congruent with molecular studies. Rhinotermitidae s.s. (exclusive of Stylotermitidae) may be paraphyletic with respect to Termitidae, although the six traditional subfamilies of the former are used here. A separate section summarizes the nomenclatural changes made in the compendium, including new synonymies, new combinations, status novus, lectotype selection etc. A detailed list is provided of museums and other institutional collections that house type specimens. An index is included. The Treatise is intended to provide an authoritative foundation for taxonomic work on the Isoptera, present and future.
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Family-Group Names for Termites (Isoptera)
American Museum Novitates, 2004Co-Authors: Michael S. Engel, Kumar. KrishnaAbstract:Abstract Thirty-nine available family-group names are identified within the insect order Isoptera (termites). For all names the correct author, date, type genus, and combining stem are provided for the first time. This nomenclatural compilation is done to stabilize the usage of family- group names in the Isoptera in advance of a world catalog. Several problems of priority are identified and discussed. The little understood subfamily Foraminitermitinae is diagnosed; while generally believed by many authors to be a new, unnamed subfamily, it was in fact established by Holmgren nearly a century ago. The subfamilies Syntermitinae and Sphaerotermitinae are newly proposed for the mandibulate genera of nasute termites and for Sphaerotermes, respectively. The classification of Isoptera is briefly outlined.
Daouda Kone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Diversity, phenology and distribution of Termitomyces species in Côte d’Ivoire
Mycology, 2018Co-Authors: Ngolo Abdoulaye Kone, Bakary Soro, Linda Patricia Louyounan Vanié-léabo, Adama Bakayoko, Souleymane Konate, Daouda KoneAbstract:ABSTRACTThe mutualistic symbiosis between termites of the Macrotermitinae subfamily (Isoptera: Termitidae) and fungi of the genus Termitomyces (Basidiomycota: Lyophyllaceae) is of great ecological ...
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diversity phenology and distribution of termitomyces species in cote d ivoire
Mycology, 2018Co-Authors: Ngolo Abdoulaye Kone, Bakary Soro, Adama Bakayoko, Linda Patricia Louyounan Vanieleabo, Souleymane Konate, Daouda KoneAbstract:The mutualistic symbiosis between termites of the Macrotermitinae subfamily (Isoptera: Termitidae) and fungi of the genus Termitomyces (Basidiomycota: Lyophyllaceae) is of great ecological and soci...
