The Experts below are selected from a list of 303 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Donald R Paul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of glass fiber and maleated ethylene propylene rubber content on tensile and impact properties of nylon 6
Polymer, 2000Co-Authors: D M Laura, Henno Keskkula, J W Barlow, Donald R PaulAbstract:Abstract The Izod impact strength and tensile properties of blends Nylon 6 and maleated ethylene–propylene rubber (EPR- g -MA) reinforced with glass fiber as a function of glass fiber and EPR- g -MA content were examined. Materials containing 0–20 wt% glass fiber and 0–20 wt% EPR- g -MA were formulated. The modulus and yield strength of the unreinforced materials decreased as EPR- g -MA content increased. This effect can be completely counteracted by the addition of more than 10 wt% glass fiber, regardless of rubber content, with blends containing 20 wt% glass fiber showing substantially higher modulus than that of Nylon 6. Izod impact strength of super-tough blends was reduced by ∼50% with the addition of small amounts of glass fiber; however, these glass fiber reinforced, rubber-toughened blends still retain a high impact strength.
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fracture behavior of pbt abs blends compatibilized by methyl methacrylate glycidyl methacrylate ethyl acrylate terpolymers
Polymer, 1999Co-Authors: W Hale, Henno Keskkula, Donald R PaulAbstract:Abstract The fracture properties of blends of poly(butylene terephthalate), PBT, with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene materials, ABS, compatibilized by a methyl methacrylate–glycidyl methacrylate–ethyl acrylate terpolymer, MGE, have been characterized by Izod impact and single-edge notch, three-point bend (SEN3PB) type tests. The impact properties have been shown to be very sensitive to specimen thickness and mildly sensitive to notch sharpness. Blends containing 30 wt% ABS and molded into 3.18 mm samples are super tough in the absence of a compatibilizer; however, 6.35 mm specimens require higher ABS contents and compatibilization to achieve significant toughness. Low quantities of MGE (1 wt%) are required to produce super tough blends of 6.35 mm thickness; whereas, higher quantities of MGE result in a decrease in the impact strength. A dual mode of deformation during Izod impact testing has been observed for uncompatibilized blends molded into 6.35 mm samples where brittle failure occurs in the region of fracture initiation and ductile failure occurs in the region of crack termination. Similarly, a more brittle mode of failure occurs for SEN3PB samples with long ligament lengths and ductile failure for samples with short ligament lengths. The distance a crack can propagate and the size of the stress whitened zone created during Izod impact testing have been shown to be related to the impact properties determined by Izod and SEN3PB tests.
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Fracture behavior of PBT–ABS blends compatibilized by methyl methacrylate–glycidyl methacrylate–ethyl acrylate terpolymers
Polymer, 1999Co-Authors: W Hale, Henno Keskkula, Donald R PaulAbstract:Abstract The fracture properties of blends of poly(butylene terephthalate), PBT, with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene materials, ABS, compatibilized by a methyl methacrylate–glycidyl methacrylate–ethyl acrylate terpolymer, MGE, have been characterized by Izod impact and single-edge notch, three-point bend (SEN3PB) type tests. The impact properties have been shown to be very sensitive to specimen thickness and mildly sensitive to notch sharpness. Blends containing 30 wt% ABS and molded into 3.18 mm samples are super tough in the absence of a compatibilizer; however, 6.35 mm specimens require higher ABS contents and compatibilization to achieve significant toughness. Low quantities of MGE (1 wt%) are required to produce super tough blends of 6.35 mm thickness; whereas, higher quantities of MGE result in a decrease in the impact strength. A dual mode of deformation during Izod impact testing has been observed for uncompatibilized blends molded into 6.35 mm samples where brittle failure occurs in the region of fracture initiation and ductile failure occurs in the region of crack termination. Similarly, a more brittle mode of failure occurs for SEN3PB samples with long ligament lengths and ductile failure for samples with short ligament lengths. The distance a crack can propagate and the size of the stress whitened zone created during Izod impact testing have been shown to be related to the impact properties determined by Izod and SEN3PB tests.
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the role of matrix molecular weight in rubber toughened nylon 6 blends 2 room temperature Izod impact toughness
Polymer, 1996Co-Authors: A J Oshinski, Henno Keskkula, Donald R PaulAbstract:Abstract The Izod impact strength of blends of nylon 6 with maleated and non-maleated styrene-hydrogenated butadiene-styrene triblock copolymers, SEBS, and ethylene/propylene random copolymers, EPR, is influenced by the molecular weight of the nylon 6 phase, the rubber particle size, and rubber type. The upper and lower particle size limits for super-toughening were found to be dependent on the polyamide molecular weight and rubber type. The SEBS type elastomers produce blends that have higher toughness over a broader range of rubber particle sizes than the EPR/EPR-g-MA mixtures. The effect of nylon 6 molecular weight on the room temperature Izod impact strength of these blends depends on how the comparison is made; however, generally higher levels of toughness can be obtained from the higher molecular weight nylon 6 materials.
Hyun J. Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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process optimization of sweet potato pulp based biodegradable plastics using response surface methodology
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2002Co-Authors: Tae W. Park, Dong K. Kwon, Hyun J. ParkAbstract:Biodegradable plastics were produced from sweet potato pulp (SPP) and cationic starch (CS) or chitosan composite (CC) by compression molding and their mechanical properties were tested. A universal testing machine, Rockwell hardness tester, and Izod impact tester were used for testing the mechanical properties (flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength) of the plastics. A central composite second-order design was used to study the effects of temperature, time, and moisture content on the flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength of SPP/CS and SPP/CC blended plastics. The flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength of SPP-based plastics was 101.1–305.9 kg/cm2, R29.0–R96.7, and 0.6–3.0 kg cm cm−2, respectively. Regression analysis predicted the optimal mechanical properties (flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength) to be attained with a 150–160°C temperature, 15–20-min reaction time, and 20–23% moisture content. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 423–434, 2002
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Process optimization of sweet potato pulp-based biodegradable plastics using response surface methodology
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2002Co-Authors: Jun T. Kim, Dong S. Cha, Gee D. Lee, Tae W. Park, Dong K. Kwon, Hyun J. ParkAbstract:Biodegradable plastics were produced from sweet potato pulp (SPP) and cationic starch (CS) or chitosan composite (CC) by compression molding and their mechanical properties were tested. A universal testing machine, Rockwell hardness tester, and Izod impact tester were used for testing the mechanical properties (flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength) of the plastics. A central composite second-order design was used to study the effects of temperature, time, and moisture content on the flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength of SPP/CS and SPP/CC blended plastics. The flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength of SPP-based plastics was 101.1-305.9 kg/cm2, R29.0-R96.7, and 0.6-3.0 kg cm cm-2, respectively. Regression analysis predicted the optimal mechanical properties (flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength) to be attained with a 150-160°C temperature, 15-20-min reaction time, and 20-23% moisture content. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
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Process optimization of sweet potato pulp-based biodegradable plastics using response surface methodology †
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2001Co-Authors: Tae W. Park, Dong K. Kwon, Hyun J. ParkAbstract:Biodegradable plastics were produced from sweet potato pulp (SPP) and cationic starch (CS) or chitosan composite (CC) by compression molding and their mechanical properties were tested. A universal testing machine, Rockwell hardness tester, and Izod impact tester were used for testing the mechanical properties (flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength) of the plastics. A central composite second-order design was used to study the effects of temperature, time, and moisture content on the flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength of SPP/CS and SPP/CC blended plastics. The flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength of SPP-based plastics was 101.1–305.9 kg/cm2, R29.0–R96.7, and 0.6–3.0 kg cm cm−2, respectively. Regression analysis predicted the optimal mechanical properties (flexural strength, Rockwell hardness, and Izod strength) to be attained with a 150–160°C temperature, 15–20-min reaction time, and 20–23% moisture content. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 423–434, 2002
Mei Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Notch Depth on the Adhesively Bonded Steel Butt-Joint under Charpy Impact Test
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2014Co-Authors: Mei Li, Jian-li Li, Ya Lan ZhaoAbstract:The effect of the notch depth on the impact properties of the adhesively bonded steel butt joint under the Charpy impact test is studied using both the finite element method (FEM) and experimental method. The results obtained from numerical simulation showed that the value of the peak stress Seqv increased first and then decreased evidently when the notch depth increased from 2 mm to 8 mm. Comparing the results with that from Izod impact test, it is found that the response time retarded about 0.02 ms and the peak value of the stress Seqv decreased evidently under the Charpy impact test. The results from the experiments showed that the effect of notch depth on the impact energy absorbed by unit area of joint is as same as that from the Izod impact test.
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Numerical Analysis of Impact Velocity on the Responses of Adhesively Bonded Steel Butt Joint with Material Properties
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Hai Zhou Yu, Ling Wu, Mei LiAbstract:The effect of the impact velocity on the responses of the adhesively bonded steel butt joint during Izod impact test and the failure procedure is studied using the finite element method software ABAQUS. The results obtained show that the failure time of the element becomes little shorter when the impact velocity increased from 3.2 m/s to 10.2 m/s. The peak value of the Seqv in element 1 increases first and then decreased when the impact velocity reached 4.2 m/s. When the impact velocity is higher than 6.2 m/s, the peak value of the Seqv increased again as the impact velocity increased until 10.2 m/s. It is recommended that the impact velocity of 3.2 m/s or 5.2 m/s is suitable for Izod impact test for the adhesively bonded steel butt joint.
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effect of notch depth on the butt joint under Izod impact test with material properties and mechanics analysis
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Xiao Ling Zheng, Mei LiAbstract:The effect of the notch depth on the impact toughness of the adhesively bonded steel butt joint under Izod impact test is studied using both the finite element method and experimental method. The results obtained from numerical simulation showed that the response time with the peak stress Seqv occurred becomes little longer when the notch depth increased from 2 mm to 8 mm. And a negative longitudinal stress occurred when there is an 8 mm depth notch which might be beneficial to subject impact load. The results from the experiments showed that the effect of notch depth is evidently on the Izod impact properties. The impact energy absorbed by unit area of joint is increased as the notch depth increase
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Effect of Shock Temperature on the Impact Toughness of Butt-Joint
Advanced Materials Research, 2012Co-Authors: Ling Wu, Hai Zhou Yu, Jing Rong Hu, Mei LiAbstract:The effect of the shock temperature and time on the impact toughness of the adhesively bonded steel butt joint under Charpy or Izod impact test is studied using the experimental method. The results obtained show that the impact toughness decreases when the shock temperature increased. When the curing time, temperature as well as the open assembly time was set as constant, the higher the shock temperature is, the lower the impact toughness of the joint. Comparing to the Charpy impact test, the Izod impact test is more sensitive to the shock temperature. When the shock temperature is set at a value not less than 300 C, the impact toughness measured is nearly the same as zero due to decomposition, carbonization and volatilization of the adhesive.
Sergio Neves Monteiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of Izod impact and bend properties of epoxy composites reinforced with mallow fibers
Journal of materials research and technology, 2020Co-Authors: Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Julianna Magalhaes Garcia, Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra, Sergio Neves MonteiroAbstract:Abstract Epoxy composites reinforced with 10, 20 and 30 vol% of a natural lignocellulosic fiber, the mallow fiber, were investigated for mechanical properties associated with Izod notch toughness and flexural resistance. For Izod tests, 150 × 120 × 10 mm plates and for three-point bend tests, 150 × 120 × 6 mm plates were fabricated in a steel mold by mixing aligned fibers with necessary percentage of diglycidyl ether of the bisphenol an epoxy resin hardened with triethylene tetramine. Each plate was kept under load of 5 ton during 24 h of curing at 25 °C. Both Izod and bend specimens were machined from corresponding plates and tested according to ASTM D256 and ASTM D790 standards, respectively. The results showed that composites with 20 and 30% of mallow fibers display a more effective reinforcement, with the predominance of fracture mechanisms, such as fiber rupture and interfacial detachment between the fibers and the matrix. The analysis of the results of both impact energies and flexural properties, was performed by the ANOVA statistics and Tukey test. Based on a 95% confidence level, the Tukey test showed that the 30 vol% of mallow fiber reinforced epoxy composites has the best performance, achieving the highest values of energy absorption, maximum flexural strength and rupture modulus. These results revealed that mallow fiber reinforced epoxy composites have promising applications as engineering materials.
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Izod impact energy study of re forced polisher matrix compounds with curaous fibers aligned and epoxy matrix reinforced with piassava fibers
Materia-rio De Janeiro, 2018Co-Authors: Ailton Da Silva Ferreira, Denise Cristina De Oliveira Nascimento, Sergio Neves MonteiroAbstract:Polymer matrix composites have been applied in components such as helmets and shielding for which tough-ness is a major requirement. Natural fiber presents interfacial characteristics with polymeric matrices that favor a high impact energy absorption by the composite structure. The objective of this work was then to assess the Izod impact resistance of polymeric composites reinforced with different amounts, up to 30% in volume, of a promising high strength natural fiber from the Amazon region known as curaua. Among these, the piassava fiber extracted from a palm tree native of South America stands as one of the most rigid with a potential to be used as composite reinforcement. Therefore, the present work investigates the notch toughness behavior, by Izod impact tests, of epoxy composites reinforced with up to 40 % in volume of continuous and aligned piassava fibers.The results showed a remarkable increase in the notch toughness with the amount of incorporated curaua fibers. This can be attributed to a preferential debonding of the fiber/matrix interface, which contributes to an elevated absorbed energy. . It was found that the incorporation of piassava fibers results in significant increase in the impact energy of the composite. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the nature of the piassava fiber interface with the epoxy matrix is the major responsible for the superior toughness of the composite. Keywords:Piassava, curaua, polymer matrix, epoxy matriz, Izod
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Izod impact tests in polyester matrix composites reinforced with fique fabric
2017Co-Authors: Artur Camposo Pereira, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Foluke Salgado De Assis, Henry A ColoradoAbstract:Jute fibers are among the lignocellulosic fibers with greater potential for use as fabric reinforcing polymer composites. This study evaluated the impact resistance of this type of composite. Specimens were made with up to 30% in volume of jute fabric in an Izod normalized mold. The jute fabric was embedded with polyester resin and cured at room temperature for 24 h. The specimens were tested in Izod impact pendulum and the fracture surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The impact resistance of composites increased linearly with the relative amount of jute fabric reinforcing the composite. This performance was associated with the difficulty of rupture imposed by the jute fabric as well as the type of cracks resulting from the interaction jute fiber/polyester matrix that corroborate the energy absorption at the impact test.
S. N. Maiti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of crystallinity of polypropylene (PP) on the mechanical properties of PP/styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene- g -maleic anhydride (SEBS- g -MA)/teak wood flour (TWF) composites
Polymer Bulletin, 2015Co-Authors: Rishi Kant Sharma, S. N. MaitiAbstract:Tensile and impact properties of PP/SEBS-g-MA/WF composites up to wood flour volume fraction 0.31 are evaluated. Tensile modulus and strength increased while elongation-at-break and Izod impact strength decreased with increase in volume fraction of the filler (Φf). The crystallinity of PP enhanced with Φf. The tensile properties were compared with predictive theories. SEM studies indicated formation of stress concentration points around WF particles with only limited extent of adhesion which led to large decrease in elongation-at-break and Izod impact strength of PP.
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Mechanical Properties of Teak Wood Flour-Reinforced HDPE Composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2009Co-Authors: Kamini Sewda, S. N. MaitiAbstract:Mechanical properties such as tensile and impact strength behavior of teak wood flour (TWF)-filled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were eval- uated at 0-0.32 volume fraction (Uf) of TWF. Tensile mod- ulus and strength initially increased up to Uf ¼ 0.09, whereas a decrease is observed with further increase in the Uf. Elongation-at-break and Izod impact strength decreased significantly with increase in the Uf. The crystal- linity of HDPE also decreased with increase in the TWF concentration. The initial increase in the tensile modulus and strength was attributed to the mechanical restraint, whereas decrease in the tensile properties at Uf > 0.09 was due to the predominant effect of decrease in the crystallinity of HDPE. The mechanical restraint decreased the elongation and Izod impact strength. In the presence of coupling agent, maleic anhydride-grafted HDPE (HDPE-g-MAH), the tensile modulus and strength enhanced significantly because of enhanced interphase adhesion. However, the elongation and Izod impact strength decreased because of enhanced me- chanical restraint on account of increased phase interactions. Scanning electron microscopy showed a degree of better dis- persion of TWF particles because of enhanced phase adhe- sion in the presence of HDPE-g-MAH. V C 2009 Wiley
