The Experts below are selected from a list of 1980 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xiaoming Pang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
autotetraploidization in ziziphus jujuba mill var spinosa enhances salt tolerance conferred by active diverse stress responses
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2019Co-Authors: Meng Li, Xiaoming Pang, Yao Zhao, Yingyue LiAbstract:Abstract Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), native to China, is an important deciduous fruit tree. This species is mainly propagated by grafting, with Z. jujuba var. spinosa widely used as the rootstock because of its resistance to adverse conditions such as saline environments. In a previous study, we found that autotetraploid Jujube is phenotypically superior to the corresponding diploid, furthermore, the differences in salt tolerance between the two plant materials and the underlying molecular mechanism were still unclear. To clarify this issue, we investigated the leaf and shoot morphology and physiology of diploid and autotetraploid plants treated with NaCl for 0, 2, 6, 10, and 14 days. We also carried out transcriptome profiling after 0, 1, and 2 days of salinity treatment. Comparisons of diploid and autotetraploid plants under salinity conditions in morphology and eight physiological traits indicating that the autotetraploid has superior salt tolerance. Many differentially expressed genes related to salt stress response in diploid and autotetraploid Z. jujuba were assigned to functional categories such as detoxification, stimulus response, catalytic enzyme activity, antioxidant enzyme activity, glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, peroxisome, plant hormone signaling, and ABC transport. These genes constituted a complex regulatory network for maintaining osmosis and intracellular ion homeostasis and resisting oxidative stress. In addition, several genes encoding MYB, AP2/ERF-ERF, WRKY, GRAS, and C2H2 as well as hub proteins, including aquaporins, heat stress transcription factors, chaperone, cytochrome P450, and kinases, were differentially expressed under salt stress. The number, function, and fold changes of these genes differentially expressed under salinity treatment differed between the diploid and its autotetraploid, with more active, diverse strategies taking place in the autotetraploid to adapt to long-term salt stress. Finally, we found that there were more up-regulated DEGs and greater fold change related to osmotic adjustment in autotetraploid than in diploid which could further explain the enhanced salt stress tolerance in the autotetraploid. Our findings contribute to an understanding of the genetic basis of salt tolerance in autotetraploid Jujube, which can guide future tolerance breeding of Jujube cultivars and their rootstocks.
-
genome wide identification and analysis of the dreb genes and their expression profiles under abiotic stresses in chinese Jujube ziziphus jujuba mill
Journal of Forestry Research, 2019Co-Authors: Heying Zhou, Yingyue Li, Decang Kong, Zhendong Zhang, Shuang Song, Xiaoming PangAbstract:CBF/DREB proteins play a critical role in abiotic stress-mediated gene expression and represent attractive regulons for plant breeding programs. However, no study has been conducted for CBF/DREB protein-related genes in Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). In this study, twenty-five ZjDREB genes were identified and annotated from the Jujube (Z. jujuba ‘Dongzao’) genome. Detailed analysis, including gene classification, annotation, phylogenetic evaluation, conserved motif determination and expression profiling were performed on all genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that ZjDREB proteins were divided into five subgroups (A1–A5), but lacking a subgroup A6 corresponding to AtDREBs. The ZjDREB genes were distributed in nine of twelve chromosomes in the genome. Additionally, the expression patterns of the DREB genes under different abiotic stresses were investigated using qRT-PCR. Nineteen ZjDREB genes were down-regulated under low temperature, in contrast six ZjDREB genes (01, 03, 05, 11, 23 and 24) were up-regulated. Under drought, salinity and high temperature conditions, expression of ZjDREB03, 09, 10, 14, 15, 17 and 20 genes were induced and showed similar expression patterns, suggesting that various stress conditions share common elements in the signaling pathway. The results suggest that the family of DREB genes play an important role in abiotic stresses in Jujube, and provide a foundation for further functional studies of this important class of transcriptional regulators.
-
megasporogenesis microsporogenesis and female and male gametophyte development in ziziphus jujuba mill
Protoplasma, 2019Co-Authors: Xiang Li, Xiaoming Pang, Feiyi Huang, Yingyue LiAbstract:Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an important fruit tree species in China. In this study, we studied the megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development of two major Jujube cultivars, “Dongzao” and “Mayazao,” using the squash technique, improved paraffin section technology, and optical microscopy. Our investigation revealed that both “Dongzao” and “Mayazao” have bilocular ovaries, basal placenta, and anatropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate ovules. The tetrads formed by meiosis of megaspore mother cells are arranged in a straight line or a tetrahedron. Embryo sac development is of the Polygonum type. The flower buds contain five anthers, each having four pollen sacs. The anther wall, which is of the fundamental form, is composed of epidermis, endothecium, one or two middle layers, and glandular tapetum. Mature pollen grains are two-celled and three-colporate. Both “Dongzao” and “Mayazao” can form normal mature pollen grains. Our study, which has revealed the basic phenomena and progression of megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development in Jujube, has generated important data for further research on Jujube cytology and reproductive biology. Finally, our explorations of the cytological mechanism of male sterility in “Dongzao” also have provided a cytological basis for crossbreeding.
-
megasporogenesis microsporogenesis and female and male gametophyte development in ziziphus jujuba mill
Protoplasma, 2019Co-Authors: Ye Guo, Feiyi Huang, Xiaoming PangAbstract:Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an important fruit tree species in China. In this study, we studied the megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development of two major Jujube cultivars, “Dongzao” and “Mayazao,” using the squash technique, improved paraffin section technology, and optical microscopy. Our investigation revealed that both “Dongzao” and “Mayazao” have bilocular ovaries, basal placenta, and anatropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate ovules. The tetrads formed by meiosis of megaspore mother cells are arranged in a straight line or a tetrahedron. Embryo sac development is of the Polygonum type. The flower buds contain five anthers, each having four pollen sacs. The anther wall, which is of the fundamental form, is composed of epidermis, endothecium, one or two middle layers, and glandular tapetum. Mature pollen grains are two-celled and three-colporate. Both “Dongzao” and “Mayazao” can form normal mature pollen grains. Our study, which has revealed the basic phenomena and progression of megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development in Jujube, has generated important data for further research on Jujube cytology and reproductive biology. Finally, our explorations of the cytological mechanism of male sterility in “Dongzao” also have provided a cytological basis for crossbreeding.
-
genome wide identification characterization and expression analysis of the expansin gene family in chinese Jujube ziziphus jujuba mill
Planta, 2019Co-Authors: Lu Hou, Yadong Zhang, Zhiyong Zhang, Suhan Dou, Xiaoming PangAbstract:Main conclusion 30 expansin genes were identified in the Jujube genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified expansins into 17 subgroups. Closely related expansins share a conserved gene structure. ZjEXPs had different expression patterns in different tissues. Plant-specific expansins were first discovered as pH-dependent cell-wall-loosening proteins involved in diverse physiological processes. No comprehensive analysis of the expansin gene family has yet been carried out at the whole genome level in Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). In this study, 30 expansin genes were identified in the Jujube genome. These genes, which were distributed with varying densities across 10 of the 12 Jujube chromosomes, could be divided into four subfamilies: 19 ZjEXPAs, 3 ZjEXPBs, 1 ZjEXLA, and 7 ZjEXLBs. Phylogenetic analysis of expansin genes in Arabidopsis, rice, apple, grape, and Jujube classified these genes into 17 subgroups. Members of the same subfamily and subgroup shared conserved gene structure and motif compositions. Homology analysis identified 20 homologous gene pairs between Jujube and Arabidopsis. Further analysis of ZjEXP gene promoter regions uncovered various growth, development and stress-responsive cis-acting elements. Expression analysis and transcript profiling revealed that ZjEXPs had different expression patterns in different tissues at various developmental stages. ZjEXPA4 and ZjEXPA6 were highly expressed in young fruits, ZjEXPA3 and ZjEXPA5 were significantly expressed in flowers, and ZjEXPA7 was specifically expressed in young leaves. The results of this study, the first systematic analysis of the Jujube expansin gene family, can serve as a strong foundation for further elucidation of the physiological functions and biological roles of Jujube expansin genes.
Yingyue Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
autotetraploidization in ziziphus jujuba mill var spinosa enhances salt tolerance conferred by active diverse stress responses
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2019Co-Authors: Meng Li, Xiaoming Pang, Yao Zhao, Yingyue LiAbstract:Abstract Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), native to China, is an important deciduous fruit tree. This species is mainly propagated by grafting, with Z. jujuba var. spinosa widely used as the rootstock because of its resistance to adverse conditions such as saline environments. In a previous study, we found that autotetraploid Jujube is phenotypically superior to the corresponding diploid, furthermore, the differences in salt tolerance between the two plant materials and the underlying molecular mechanism were still unclear. To clarify this issue, we investigated the leaf and shoot morphology and physiology of diploid and autotetraploid plants treated with NaCl for 0, 2, 6, 10, and 14 days. We also carried out transcriptome profiling after 0, 1, and 2 days of salinity treatment. Comparisons of diploid and autotetraploid plants under salinity conditions in morphology and eight physiological traits indicating that the autotetraploid has superior salt tolerance. Many differentially expressed genes related to salt stress response in diploid and autotetraploid Z. jujuba were assigned to functional categories such as detoxification, stimulus response, catalytic enzyme activity, antioxidant enzyme activity, glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, peroxisome, plant hormone signaling, and ABC transport. These genes constituted a complex regulatory network for maintaining osmosis and intracellular ion homeostasis and resisting oxidative stress. In addition, several genes encoding MYB, AP2/ERF-ERF, WRKY, GRAS, and C2H2 as well as hub proteins, including aquaporins, heat stress transcription factors, chaperone, cytochrome P450, and kinases, were differentially expressed under salt stress. The number, function, and fold changes of these genes differentially expressed under salinity treatment differed between the diploid and its autotetraploid, with more active, diverse strategies taking place in the autotetraploid to adapt to long-term salt stress. Finally, we found that there were more up-regulated DEGs and greater fold change related to osmotic adjustment in autotetraploid than in diploid which could further explain the enhanced salt stress tolerance in the autotetraploid. Our findings contribute to an understanding of the genetic basis of salt tolerance in autotetraploid Jujube, which can guide future tolerance breeding of Jujube cultivars and their rootstocks.
-
genome wide identification and analysis of the dreb genes and their expression profiles under abiotic stresses in chinese Jujube ziziphus jujuba mill
Journal of Forestry Research, 2019Co-Authors: Heying Zhou, Yingyue Li, Decang Kong, Zhendong Zhang, Shuang Song, Xiaoming PangAbstract:CBF/DREB proteins play a critical role in abiotic stress-mediated gene expression and represent attractive regulons for plant breeding programs. However, no study has been conducted for CBF/DREB protein-related genes in Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). In this study, twenty-five ZjDREB genes were identified and annotated from the Jujube (Z. jujuba ‘Dongzao’) genome. Detailed analysis, including gene classification, annotation, phylogenetic evaluation, conserved motif determination and expression profiling were performed on all genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that ZjDREB proteins were divided into five subgroups (A1–A5), but lacking a subgroup A6 corresponding to AtDREBs. The ZjDREB genes were distributed in nine of twelve chromosomes in the genome. Additionally, the expression patterns of the DREB genes under different abiotic stresses were investigated using qRT-PCR. Nineteen ZjDREB genes were down-regulated under low temperature, in contrast six ZjDREB genes (01, 03, 05, 11, 23 and 24) were up-regulated. Under drought, salinity and high temperature conditions, expression of ZjDREB03, 09, 10, 14, 15, 17 and 20 genes were induced and showed similar expression patterns, suggesting that various stress conditions share common elements in the signaling pathway. The results suggest that the family of DREB genes play an important role in abiotic stresses in Jujube, and provide a foundation for further functional studies of this important class of transcriptional regulators.
-
megasporogenesis microsporogenesis and female and male gametophyte development in ziziphus jujuba mill
Protoplasma, 2019Co-Authors: Xiang Li, Xiaoming Pang, Feiyi Huang, Yingyue LiAbstract:Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an important fruit tree species in China. In this study, we studied the megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development of two major Jujube cultivars, “Dongzao” and “Mayazao,” using the squash technique, improved paraffin section technology, and optical microscopy. Our investigation revealed that both “Dongzao” and “Mayazao” have bilocular ovaries, basal placenta, and anatropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate ovules. The tetrads formed by meiosis of megaspore mother cells are arranged in a straight line or a tetrahedron. Embryo sac development is of the Polygonum type. The flower buds contain five anthers, each having four pollen sacs. The anther wall, which is of the fundamental form, is composed of epidermis, endothecium, one or two middle layers, and glandular tapetum. Mature pollen grains are two-celled and three-colporate. Both “Dongzao” and “Mayazao” can form normal mature pollen grains. Our study, which has revealed the basic phenomena and progression of megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development in Jujube, has generated important data for further research on Jujube cytology and reproductive biology. Finally, our explorations of the cytological mechanism of male sterility in “Dongzao” also have provided a cytological basis for crossbreeding.
-
genome wide identification characterization and expression analysis of the expansin gene family in chinese Jujube ziziphus jujuba mill
Planta, 2019Co-Authors: Zhiyong Zhang, Xiaoming Pang, Yadong Zhang, Yingyue LiAbstract:Main conclusion 30 expansin genes were identified in the Jujube genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified expansins into 17 subgroups. Closely related expansins share a conserved gene structure. ZjEXPs had different expression patterns in different tissues. Plant-specific expansins were first discovered as pH-dependent cell-wall-loosening proteins involved in diverse physiological processes. No comprehensive analysis of the expansin gene family has yet been carried out at the whole genome level in Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). In this study, 30 expansin genes were identified in the Jujube genome. These genes, which were distributed with varying densities across 10 of the 12 Jujube chromosomes, could be divided into four subfamilies: 19 ZjEXPAs, 3 ZjEXPBs, 1 ZjEXLA, and 7 ZjEXLBs. Phylogenetic analysis of expansin genes in Arabidopsis, rice, apple, grape, and Jujube classified these genes into 17 subgroups. Members of the same subfamily and subgroup shared conserved gene structure and motif compositions. Homology analysis identified 20 homologous gene pairs between Jujube and Arabidopsis. Further analysis of ZjEXP gene promoter regions uncovered various growth, development and stress-responsive cis-acting elements. Expression analysis and transcript profiling revealed that ZjEXPs had different expression patterns in different tissues at various developmental stages. ZjEXPA4 and ZjEXPA6 were highly expressed in young fruits, ZjEXPA3 and ZjEXPA5 were significantly expressed in flowers, and ZjEXPA7 was specifically expressed in young leaves. The results of this study, the first systematic analysis of the Jujube expansin gene family, can serve as a strong foundation for further elucidation of the physiological functions and biological roles of Jujube expansin genes.
-
genetic diversity population structure and linkage disequilibrium of a core collection of ziziphus jujuba assessed with genome wide snps developed by genotyping by sequencing and ssr markers
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Wu Chen, Xiaoming Pang, Zhiyong Zhang, Yingyue LiAbstract:Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) is an economically important fruit species native to China with high nutritious and medicinal value. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was used to detect and genotype single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a core collection of 150 Chinese Jujube accessions and further to characterize their genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium (LD). A total of 4,680 high-quality SNPs were identified, of which 38 sets of tri-allelic SNPs were detected. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) values based on bi-allelic SNPs and tri-allelic SNPs were 0.27 and 0.38, respectively. STRUCTURE and principal coordinate analyses based on SNPs revealed that the 150 accessions could be clustered into two groups. However, neighbor-joining trees indicated the accessions should be grouped into three major clusters. Our data confirm that the resolving power for genetic diversity was similar for the SSRs and SNPs. In contrast, regarding population structure, the resolving power was higher for SSRs than for SNPs. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern in Chinese Jujube was investigated for the first time. We observed a relatively rapid LD decay with a short range (approximately 10 kb) for all pseudo-chromosomes and for individual pseudo-chromosomes. Our findings provide important information for future genome-wide association analyses and marker-assisted selective breeding of Chinese Jujube.
Min Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
isolation structures and bioactivities of the polysaccharides from Jujube fruit ziziphus jujuba mill a review
Food Chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Xiaolong Ji, Qiang Peng, Yuepeng Yuan, Jing Shen, Min WangAbstract:Abstract Jujube ( Ziziphus Jujuba Mill.) has been eaten as a fruit and nutraceutical food in China for thousands of years. Recent phytochemical and pharmacological studies have shown that the polysaccharides are one of major biologically active components of the Jujube fruit and have various biological effects, including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic activities, and gastrointestinal-protective effects. Although the extraction and purification of Jujube polysaccharides are tedious processes, including different steps of liquid- and solid-phase separation, the polysaccharides have been structurally characterized. However, the relationships between the structures and activities of the Jujube polysaccharides are not well established. The purpose of the present review is to appraise the previous and current literature on the extraction, purification, structural characterization, and biological activities of Jujube polysaccharides. This review should provide a useful bibliography for the further investigation, production, and application of Jujube polysaccharides in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
-
comparison of drip pipe and surge spring root irrigation for Jujube ziziphus jujuba mill fruit quality in the loess plateau of china
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Qinghan Gao, Zhisheng Wang, Youke Wang, Delan Zhu, Min WangAbstract:Loess Plateau is a typical rain-fed farming region, facing the threat of drought. Irrigation method is among the most important factors affecting Jujube quality. This study investigated the response of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Lizao quality to three different irrigation methods (drip-, pipe- and surge spring root irrigation) combining two water levels (20 m3/hm2 and 120 m3/hm2). The effects of the trials were evaluated by taking into account the physical-chemical characteristics of Jujubes and the antioxidant activity. Concomitant to this, the concentration of some taste-related (viz. glucose, fructose, TSS and malic acid) and health-related compounds/parameters (viz. catechin and epicatechin) were generally much greater in Jujube fruit treated with drip irrigation (120 m3/hm2). Different irrigation treatments had no significant effects on antioxidant capacity, total phenolics and proanthocyanidins (except for pipe irrigation 20 m3/hm2). The best compromise between quality and irrigation of Jujube fruit was achieved with drip irrigation (120 m3/hm2).
-
comparison of flavonoids phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of explosion puffed and sun dried Jujubes ziziphus jujuba mill
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Lijuan Du, Qinghan Gao, Xiaolong Ji, Fangyi Xu, Min WangAbstract:The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of explosion puffing and sun-drying on individual phenolic acids in four forms (free, esters, glycosides, and insoluble-bound), flavonoids, total phenolic content (TPC), and their antioxidant activity on Jujube samples. Phenolic compounds were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant capacity of Jujube samples was evaluated by 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity and total reducing power. The results showed that all samples significantly differed in their phenolic contents, phenolic acid and flavonoid composition, and antioxidant activities. The explosion-puffed Jujubes had the highest total gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, p-coumaric, ferulic acids, and rutin contents. Also, explosion-puffed Jujubes contained a higher level of total phenolics and antioxidant activity than their counterparts. Among phenolic acid fractions in four forms, each form of phenoli...
-
comparison of flavonoids phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of explosion puffed and sun dried Jujubes ziziphus jujuba mill
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Qinghan Gao, Min WangAbstract:The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of explosion puffing and sun-drying on individual phenolic acids in four forms (free, esters, glycosides, and insoluble-bound), flavonoids, total phenolic content (TPC), and their antioxidant activity on Jujube samples. Phenolic compounds were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant capacity of Jujube samples was evaluated by 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity and total reducing power. The results showed that all samples significantly differed in their phenolic contents, phenolic acid and flavonoid composition, and antioxidant activities. The explosion-puffed Jujubes had the highest total gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, p-coumaric, ferulic acids, and rutin contents. Also, explosion-puffed Jujubes contained a higher level of total phenolics and antioxidant activity than their counterparts. Among phenolic acid fractions in four forms, each form of phenolic acids in explosion-puffed Jujubes had the most abundant content, followed by fresh and sun-dried Jujubes. The glycosided and insoluble-bound phenolic acid fractions for each sample represented the highest TPC and the strongest antioxidant activity. The results indicated explosion puffing was a good choice for Jujube processing.
-
effect of drying of Jujubes ziziphus jujuba mill on the contents of sugars organic acids α tocopherol β carotene and phenolic compounds
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Chunsen Wu, Min Wang, Bianna Xu, Lijuan DuAbstract:This study investigated the changes in sugars, organic acids, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, phenolic profiles, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant capacity of Jujube fruits after four drying treatments (sun-, oven-, microwave- and freeze-drying). Sugar, organic acid, phenolic compounds, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene were qualitatived and quantitatived by high-performance liquid chromatography. The TPC and antioxidant activity of Jujube samples were evaluated using the Folin–Ciocalteau method and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity, respectively. Freeze-drying resulted in Jujubes with higher antioxidant activity and was also a good choice for the preparation of β-carotene from Jujubes for the food industry. Microwave-dried Jujubes had a higher content of protocatechuic acid, catechin, and epicatechin and maintained the same antioxidant capacity with the freeze-dried Jujubes. The combination of microwave- and freeze-drying may be an efficient alternative w...
Mengjun Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
transcriptome and metabolome profiling unveil the mechanisms of ziziphus jujuba mill peel coloration
Food Chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Qiong Zhang, Zhiguo Liu, Jin Zhao, Ping Liu, Zhihui Zhao, Lili Wang, Zhongtang Wang, Guangfang Zhou, Mengjun LiuAbstract:Coloring is an important external quality of Jujube fruit (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), however during long-term storage, its commercial value degrades as the peel color and lustre significantly fade. Here, the gene expression and metabolite concentration were profiled in the fruit peel of Jujube harvested at three ripening periods to elucidate the color formation mechanism. A strong accumulation of malvidin 3-O-glucoside and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside correlated with the reddening of Jujube peel. At the onset of the fruit ripening, strong activities of the genes in the early steps of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway were observed. During the last ripening periods, three UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) involved in the accumulation of anthocyanins were significantly increased and their proper manipulation could delay the peel reddening. This study sheds light on the metabolic pathways and candidate genes underlying the peel coloration in Jujube and lays a foundation for the improvement of Jujube fruit appeal during long-term storage.
-
Three Main Genes in the MAPK Cascade Involved in the Chinese Jujube-Phytoplasma Interaction
MDPI AG, 2019Co-Authors: Zhiguo Liu, Chaoling Xue, Liman Zhang, Jin Zhao, Zhihui Zhao, Lili Wang, Lixin Wang, Chunfang Feng, Mengjun LiuAbstract:Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an important economic forest species and multipurpose fruit tree in the family of Rhamnaceae. Phytoplasmas are significant prokaryotic pathogens, associated with more than 1000 plant diseases. Jujube witches’ broom disease (JWB) is a typical phytoplasma disease, caused by ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi’. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly universal signal transduction modules and play crucial roles in regulating innate immune responses in plants. Thus, in the current study, systematical expression profiles of 10 ZjMPK and 4 ZjMPKK genes were conducted in plantlets with JWB disease, plantlets recovered from JWB disease, the tissues showing different disease symptoms, and resistant/susceptible cultivars infected by JWB phytoplasma. We found that most ZjMPK and ZjMKK genes exhibited significant up- or down-regulation expression under phytoplasma infection, but the top three differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were ZjMPK2, ZjMKK2 and ZjMKK4, which showed the biggest times of gene’s significant difference expression in all materials. Based on STRING database analysis, ZjMKK2 and ZjMPK2 were involved in the same plant-pathogen interaction pathway, and Yeast two-hybrid screening showed that ZjMKK2 could interact with ZjMPK2. Finally, we deduced a pathway of Jujube MAPK cascades which response to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi’ infection. Our study presents the first gene-family-wide investigation on the systematical expression analysis of MAPK and MAPKK genes in Chinese Jujube under phytoplasma infection. These results provide valuable information for the further research on the signaling pathway of phytoplasma infection in Chinese Jujube
-
Genome-wide identification and analysis of MAPK and MAPKK gene family in Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)
BMC Genomics, 2017Co-Authors: Zhiguo Liu, Chaoling Xue, Liman Zhang, Hu Fang, Jin Zhao, Mengjun LiuAbstract:BackgroundChinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is one of the most important members in the Rhamnaceae family. The whole genome sequence and more than 30,000 proteins of Chinese Jujube have been obtained in 2014. Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades are universal signal transduction modules in plants, which is rapidly activated under various biotic and abiotic stresses. To date, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the MAPK and MAPKK gene family in Chinese Jujube at the whole genome level.ResultsBy performing a series of bioinformatics analysis, ten MAPK and five MAPKK genes were identified from the genome database of Chinese Jujube, and then compared with the homologous genes from Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that ZjMAPKs was classified into four known groups, including A, B, C and D. ZjMAPKs contains five members of the TEY phosphorylation site and five members with the TDY motif. The ZjMAPKK family was subsequently divided into three groups, A, B and D. The gene structure, conserved motifs, functional annotation and chromosome distribution of ZjMAPKs and ZjMAPKKs were also predicted. ZjMAPKs and ZjMAPKKs were distributed on nine pseudo-chromosomes of Chinese Jujube. Subsequently, expression analysis of ZjMAPK and ZjMAPKK genes using reverse transcription PCR and quantitative real-time PCR was carried out. The majority of ZjMAPK and ZjMAPKK genes were expressed in all tested organs/tissues with considerable differences in transcript levels indicating that they might be constitutively expressed. Moreover, ZjMKK5 was specific expressed in early development stage of Jujube flower bud, indicating it plays some roles in reproductive organs development. The transcript expression of most ZjMAPK and ZjMAPKK genes was down-regulated in response to plant growth regulators, darkness treatment and phytoplasma infection.ConclusionsWe identified ten ZjMAPK and five ZjMAPKK genes from the genome database of Chinese Jujube, the research results shown that ZjMPKs and ZjMKKs have the different expression patterns, indicating that they might play different roles in response to various treatments. The results provide valuable information for the further elucidation of physiological functions and biological roles of Jujube MAPKs and MAPKKs.
-
RESEARCH ARTICLE Genome-Wide Characterization of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Loci in Chinese Jujube and Jujube SSR Primer Transferability
2016Co-Authors: Jing Xiao, Mengjun Liu, Jin Zhao, Ping Liu, Li Dai, Zhihui ZhaoAbstract:Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), an economically important species in the Rhamnaceae family, is a popular fruit tree in Asia. Here, we surveyed and characterized simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the Jujube genome. A total of 436,676 SSR loci were identified, with an average distance of 0.93 Kb between the loci. A large proportion of the SSRs included mononucleotide, dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs, which accounted for 64.87%, 24.40%, and 8.74 % of all repeats, respectively. Among the mononucleotide repeats, A/T was the most common, whereas AT/TA was the most common dinucleotide repeat. A total of 30,565 primer pairs were successfully designed and screened using a series of criteria. Moreover, 725 of 1,000 randomly selected primer pairs were effective among 6 cultivars, and 511 of these primer pairs were polymorphic. Sequencing the amplicons of two SSRs across three Jujube cultivars revealed variations in the repeats. The transferability of Jujube SSR primers proved that 35/64 SSRs could be transferred across family boundary. Using Jujube SSR primers, clustering analysis results from 15 species were highly consistent with the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APGIII) System. The genome-wide characterization of SSRs in Chinese Jujube is very valuable for whole-genome characterization and marker-as-sisted selection in Jujube breeding. In addition, the transferability of Jujube SSR primers could provide a solid foundation for their further utilization
-
genome wide characterization of simple sequence repeat ssr loci in chinese Jujube and Jujube ssr primer transferability
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Jing Xiao, Mengjun Liu, Jin Zhao, Ping Liu, Li Dai, Zhihui ZhaoAbstract:Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), an economically important species in the Rhamnaceae family, is a popular fruit tree in Asia. Here, we surveyed and characterized simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the Jujube genome. A total of 436,676 SSR loci were identified, with an average distance of 0.93 Kb between the loci. A large proportion of the SSRs included mononucleotide, dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs, which accounted for 64.87%, 24.40%, and 8.74% of all repeats, respectively. Among the mononucleotide repeats, A/T was the most common, whereas AT/TA was the most common dinucleotide repeat. A total of 30,565 primer pairs were successfully designed and screened using a series of criteria. Moreover, 725 of 1,000 randomly selected primer pairs were effective among 6 cultivars, and 511 of these primer pairs were polymorphic. Sequencing the amplicons of two SSRs across three Jujube cultivars revealed variations in the repeats. The transferability of Jujube SSR primers proved that 35/64 SSRs could be transferred across family boundary. Using Jujube SSR primers, clustering analysis results from 15 species were highly consistent with the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APGIII) System. The genome-wide characterization of SSRs in Chinese Jujube is very valuable for whole-genome characterization and marker-assisted selection in Jujube breeding. In addition, the transferability of Jujube SSR primers could provide a solid foundation for their further utilization.
Zhihui Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
transcriptome and metabolome profiling unveil the mechanisms of ziziphus jujuba mill peel coloration
Food Chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Qiong Zhang, Zhiguo Liu, Jin Zhao, Ping Liu, Zhihui Zhao, Lili Wang, Zhongtang Wang, Guangfang Zhou, Mengjun LiuAbstract:Coloring is an important external quality of Jujube fruit (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), however during long-term storage, its commercial value degrades as the peel color and lustre significantly fade. Here, the gene expression and metabolite concentration were profiled in the fruit peel of Jujube harvested at three ripening periods to elucidate the color formation mechanism. A strong accumulation of malvidin 3-O-glucoside and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside correlated with the reddening of Jujube peel. At the onset of the fruit ripening, strong activities of the genes in the early steps of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway were observed. During the last ripening periods, three UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) involved in the accumulation of anthocyanins were significantly increased and their proper manipulation could delay the peel reddening. This study sheds light on the metabolic pathways and candidate genes underlying the peel coloration in Jujube and lays a foundation for the improvement of Jujube fruit appeal during long-term storage.
-
Three Main Genes in the MAPK Cascade Involved in the Chinese Jujube-Phytoplasma Interaction
MDPI AG, 2019Co-Authors: Zhiguo Liu, Chaoling Xue, Liman Zhang, Jin Zhao, Zhihui Zhao, Lili Wang, Lixin Wang, Chunfang Feng, Mengjun LiuAbstract:Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an important economic forest species and multipurpose fruit tree in the family of Rhamnaceae. Phytoplasmas are significant prokaryotic pathogens, associated with more than 1000 plant diseases. Jujube witches’ broom disease (JWB) is a typical phytoplasma disease, caused by ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi’. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly universal signal transduction modules and play crucial roles in regulating innate immune responses in plants. Thus, in the current study, systematical expression profiles of 10 ZjMPK and 4 ZjMPKK genes were conducted in plantlets with JWB disease, plantlets recovered from JWB disease, the tissues showing different disease symptoms, and resistant/susceptible cultivars infected by JWB phytoplasma. We found that most ZjMPK and ZjMKK genes exhibited significant up- or down-regulation expression under phytoplasma infection, but the top three differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were ZjMPK2, ZjMKK2 and ZjMKK4, which showed the biggest times of gene’s significant difference expression in all materials. Based on STRING database analysis, ZjMKK2 and ZjMPK2 were involved in the same plant-pathogen interaction pathway, and Yeast two-hybrid screening showed that ZjMKK2 could interact with ZjMPK2. Finally, we deduced a pathway of Jujube MAPK cascades which response to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi’ infection. Our study presents the first gene-family-wide investigation on the systematical expression analysis of MAPK and MAPKK genes in Chinese Jujube under phytoplasma infection. These results provide valuable information for the further research on the signaling pathway of phytoplasma infection in Chinese Jujube
-
RESEARCH ARTICLE Genome-Wide Characterization of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Loci in Chinese Jujube and Jujube SSR Primer Transferability
2016Co-Authors: Jing Xiao, Mengjun Liu, Jin Zhao, Ping Liu, Li Dai, Zhihui ZhaoAbstract:Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), an economically important species in the Rhamnaceae family, is a popular fruit tree in Asia. Here, we surveyed and characterized simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the Jujube genome. A total of 436,676 SSR loci were identified, with an average distance of 0.93 Kb between the loci. A large proportion of the SSRs included mononucleotide, dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs, which accounted for 64.87%, 24.40%, and 8.74 % of all repeats, respectively. Among the mononucleotide repeats, A/T was the most common, whereas AT/TA was the most common dinucleotide repeat. A total of 30,565 primer pairs were successfully designed and screened using a series of criteria. Moreover, 725 of 1,000 randomly selected primer pairs were effective among 6 cultivars, and 511 of these primer pairs were polymorphic. Sequencing the amplicons of two SSRs across three Jujube cultivars revealed variations in the repeats. The transferability of Jujube SSR primers proved that 35/64 SSRs could be transferred across family boundary. Using Jujube SSR primers, clustering analysis results from 15 species were highly consistent with the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APGIII) System. The genome-wide characterization of SSRs in Chinese Jujube is very valuable for whole-genome characterization and marker-as-sisted selection in Jujube breeding. In addition, the transferability of Jujube SSR primers could provide a solid foundation for their further utilization
-
genome wide characterization of simple sequence repeat ssr loci in chinese Jujube and Jujube ssr primer transferability
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Jing Xiao, Mengjun Liu, Jin Zhao, Ping Liu, Li Dai, Zhihui ZhaoAbstract:Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), an economically important species in the Rhamnaceae family, is a popular fruit tree in Asia. Here, we surveyed and characterized simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the Jujube genome. A total of 436,676 SSR loci were identified, with an average distance of 0.93 Kb between the loci. A large proportion of the SSRs included mononucleotide, dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs, which accounted for 64.87%, 24.40%, and 8.74% of all repeats, respectively. Among the mononucleotide repeats, A/T was the most common, whereas AT/TA was the most common dinucleotide repeat. A total of 30,565 primer pairs were successfully designed and screened using a series of criteria. Moreover, 725 of 1,000 randomly selected primer pairs were effective among 6 cultivars, and 511 of these primer pairs were polymorphic. Sequencing the amplicons of two SSRs across three Jujube cultivars revealed variations in the repeats. The transferability of Jujube SSR primers proved that 35/64 SSRs could be transferred across family boundary. Using Jujube SSR primers, clustering analysis results from 15 species were highly consistent with the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APGIII) System. The genome-wide characterization of SSRs in Chinese Jujube is very valuable for whole-genome characterization and marker-assisted selection in Jujube breeding. In addition, the transferability of Jujube SSR primers could provide a solid foundation for their further utilization.
-
the complex Jujube genome provides insights into fruit tree biology
Nature Communications, 2014Co-Authors: Mengjun Liu, Jin Zhao, Ping Liu, Li Dai, Zhihui Zhao, Qingle Cai, Guocheng Liu, Jiurui Wang, Guijun Yan, Wenjiang WangAbstract:The Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), a member of family Rhamnaceae, is a major dry fruit and a traditional herbal medicine for more than one billion people. Here we present a high-quality sequence for the complex Jujube genome, the first genome sequence of Rhamnaceae, using an integrated strategy. The final assembly spans 437.65 Mb (98.6% of the estimated) with 321.45 Mb anchored to the 12 pseudo-chromosomes and contains 32,808 genes. The Jujube genome has undergone frequent inter-chromosome fusions and segmental duplications, but no recent whole-genome duplication. Further analyses of the Jujube-specific genes and transcriptome data from 15 tissues reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying some specific properties of the Jujube. Its high vitamin C content can be attributed to a unique high level expression of genes involved in both biosynthesis and regeneration. Our study provides insights into Jujube-specific biology and valuable genomic resources for the improvement of Rhamnaceae plants and other fruit trees.
