The Experts below are selected from a list of 14463 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A W Cramb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamic and equilibrium interfacial phenomena in liquid steel slag systems
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B-process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science, 2000Co-Authors: Yongsug Chung, A W CrambAbstract:The equilibrium interfacial energy between a liquid iron alloy and a liquid slag is a Key Physical Parameter in the design of steel-refining processes as high interfacial energies are desired to avoid emulsification of slag in steel and the creation of casting defects. During a chemical reaction between a liquid iron alloy droplet and a liquid slag, it is possible to observe by X-ray photography a number of dynamic interfacial phenomena such as droplet flattening, interfacial turbulence, and spontaneous emulsification that can potentially lead to serious processing problems. These dynamic phenomena have been studied during reactions between Fe-Al and Fe-Ti alloys and silica-containing slags, and the presence of significant interfacial disturbance has been observed during the times of high reaction rate between the slag and the metal. It is suggested that interfacial chemical reactions induce Marangoni and natural convection at the slag-metal interface. This interfacial flow gives rise to interfacial waves due to a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The waves grow, become unstable, and lead to spontaneous emulsification of slag in steel and steel in slag. Experiments using industrial samples and controlled laboratory tests have indicated that this phenomenon may be more common than once thought and could lead to some serious problems in the processing of steel alloys containing high quantities of aluminum and/or titanium.
Gomila Lluch Gabriel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cholesterol effect on the specific capacitance of submicrometric DOPC bilayer patches measured by in-liquid scanning dielectric microscopy
'American Chemical Society (ACS)', 2021Co-Authors: Martina Di ,muzio, Millan Solsona Rubén, Borrell Hernández Jordi, Fumagalli Laura, Gomila Lluch GabrielAbstract:The specific capacitance of biological membranes is a Key Physical Parameter in bioelectricity that also provides valuable physicochemical information on composition, phase, or hydration properties. Cholesterol is known to modulate the physicochemical properties of biomembranes, but its effect on the specific capacitance has not been fully established yet. Here we use the high spatial resolution capabilities of in-liquid scanning dielectric microscopy in force detection mode to directly demonstrate that DOPC bilayer patches at 50% cholesterol concentration show a strong reduction of their specific capacitance with respect to pure DOPC bilayer patches. The reduction observed (around 35%) cannot be explained by the small increase in bilayer thickness (around 16%). We suggest that the reduction of the specific capacitance might be due to the dehydration of the polar head groups caused by the insertion of cholesterol molecules in the bilayer. The results reported confirm the potential of in-liquid SDM to study the electrical and physicochemical properties of lipid bilayers at very small scales (down to around 200 nm here), with implications in fields such as biophysics, bioelectricity, biochemistry, and biosensing
Yongsug Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamic and equilibrium interfacial phenomena in liquid steel slag systems
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B-process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science, 2000Co-Authors: Yongsug Chung, A W CrambAbstract:The equilibrium interfacial energy between a liquid iron alloy and a liquid slag is a Key Physical Parameter in the design of steel-refining processes as high interfacial energies are desired to avoid emulsification of slag in steel and the creation of casting defects. During a chemical reaction between a liquid iron alloy droplet and a liquid slag, it is possible to observe by X-ray photography a number of dynamic interfacial phenomena such as droplet flattening, interfacial turbulence, and spontaneous emulsification that can potentially lead to serious processing problems. These dynamic phenomena have been studied during reactions between Fe-Al and Fe-Ti alloys and silica-containing slags, and the presence of significant interfacial disturbance has been observed during the times of high reaction rate between the slag and the metal. It is suggested that interfacial chemical reactions induce Marangoni and natural convection at the slag-metal interface. This interfacial flow gives rise to interfacial waves due to a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The waves grow, become unstable, and lead to spontaneous emulsification of slag in steel and steel in slag. Experiments using industrial samples and controlled laboratory tests have indicated that this phenomenon may be more common than once thought and could lead to some serious problems in the processing of steel alloys containing high quantities of aluminum and/or titanium.
Martina Di ,muzio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cholesterol effect on the specific capacitance of submicrometric DOPC bilayer patches measured by in-liquid scanning dielectric microscopy
'American Chemical Society (ACS)', 2021Co-Authors: Martina Di ,muzio, Millan Solsona Rubén, Borrell Hernández Jordi, Fumagalli Laura, Gomila Lluch GabrielAbstract:The specific capacitance of biological membranes is a Key Physical Parameter in bioelectricity that also provides valuable physicochemical information on composition, phase, or hydration properties. Cholesterol is known to modulate the physicochemical properties of biomembranes, but its effect on the specific capacitance has not been fully established yet. Here we use the high spatial resolution capabilities of in-liquid scanning dielectric microscopy in force detection mode to directly demonstrate that DOPC bilayer patches at 50% cholesterol concentration show a strong reduction of their specific capacitance with respect to pure DOPC bilayer patches. The reduction observed (around 35%) cannot be explained by the small increase in bilayer thickness (around 16%). We suggest that the reduction of the specific capacitance might be due to the dehydration of the polar head groups caused by the insertion of cholesterol molecules in the bilayer. The results reported confirm the potential of in-liquid SDM to study the electrical and physicochemical properties of lipid bilayers at very small scales (down to around 200 nm here), with implications in fields such as biophysics, bioelectricity, biochemistry, and biosensing
Fumagalli Laura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cholesterol effect on the specific capacitance of submicrometric DOPC bilayer patches measured by in-liquid scanning dielectric microscopy
'American Chemical Society (ACS)', 2021Co-Authors: Martina Di ,muzio, Millan Solsona Rubén, Borrell Hernández Jordi, Fumagalli Laura, Gomila Lluch GabrielAbstract:The specific capacitance of biological membranes is a Key Physical Parameter in bioelectricity that also provides valuable physicochemical information on composition, phase, or hydration properties. Cholesterol is known to modulate the physicochemical properties of biomembranes, but its effect on the specific capacitance has not been fully established yet. Here we use the high spatial resolution capabilities of in-liquid scanning dielectric microscopy in force detection mode to directly demonstrate that DOPC bilayer patches at 50% cholesterol concentration show a strong reduction of their specific capacitance with respect to pure DOPC bilayer patches. The reduction observed (around 35%) cannot be explained by the small increase in bilayer thickness (around 16%). We suggest that the reduction of the specific capacitance might be due to the dehydration of the polar head groups caused by the insertion of cholesterol molecules in the bilayer. The results reported confirm the potential of in-liquid SDM to study the electrical and physicochemical properties of lipid bilayers at very small scales (down to around 200 nm here), with implications in fields such as biophysics, bioelectricity, biochemistry, and biosensing
