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Christian Drosten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro renal epithelial cell Infection reveals a viral Kidney tropism as a potential mechanism for acute renal failure during middle east respiratory syndrome mers coronavirus Infection
Virology Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Isabella Eckerle, Stephan Kallies, Marcel A Muller, Daniel Gotthardt, Christian DrostenAbstract:Background: The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes symptoms similar to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), yet involving an additional component of acute renal failure (ARF) according to several published case reports. Impairment of the Kidney is not typically seen in Coronavirus Infections. The role of Kidney Infection in MERS is not understood. Findings: A systematic review of communicated and peer-reviewed case reports revealed differences in descriptions of Kidney involvement in MERS versus SARS patients. In particular, ARF in MERS patients occurred considerably earlier after a median time to onset of 11 days (SD ±2,0 days) as opposed to 20 days for SARS, according to the literature. In-situ histological staining of the respective cellular receptors for MERS- and SARS-Coronavirus showed highly similar staining patterns with a focus of a receptor-specific signal in Kidney epithelial cells. Comparative Infection experiments with SARS- and MERS-CoV in primary human Kidney cells versus primary human bronchial epithelial cells showed cytopathogenic Infection only in Kidney cells, and only if infected with MERS-CoV. Kidney epithelial cells produced almost 1000-fold more infectious MERS-CoV progeny than bronchial epithelial cells, while only a small difference was seen between cell types when infected with SARS-CoV. Conclusion: Epidemiological studies should analyze Kidney impairment and its characteristics in MERS-CoV. Virus replication in the Kidney with potential shedding in urine might constitute a way of transmission, and could explain untraceable transmission chains leading to new cases. Individual patients might benefit from early induction of renoprotective treatment.
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in vitro renal epithelial cell Infection reveals a viral Kidney tropism as a potential mechanism for acute renal failure during middle east respiratory syndrome mers coronavirus Infection
Virology Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Isabella Eckerle, Stephan Kallies, Marcel A Muller, Daniel Gotthardt, Christian DrostenAbstract:Background The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes symptoms similar to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), yet involving an additional component of acute renal failure (ARF) according to several published case reports. Impairment of the Kidney is not typically seen in Coronavirus Infections. The role of Kidney Infection in MERS is not understood.
David D. Hanagal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Positive Stable Shared Frailty Models Based on Additive Hazards
Statistics in Biosciences, 2021Co-Authors: David D. HanagalAbstract:Frailty models are used in the survival analysis to account for the unobserved heterogeneity in individual risks to disease and death. To analyze the bivariate data on related survival times (e.g., matched pairs experiment, twin or family data), the shared frailty models were suggested. These models are based on the assumption that frailty acts multiplicatively to hazard rate. In this paper, we assume that frailty acts additively to hazard rate. We introduce the positive stable shared frailty models with three different baseline distributions namely, the generalized log-logistic and the generalized Weibull distributions. We introduce the Bayesian estimation procedure using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique to estimate the parameters involved in these models. We apply these models to a real-life bivariate survival data set of McGilchrist and Aisbett (Biometrics 47:461–466, 1991) related to the Kidney Infection data and a better model is suggested for the data.
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Shared Gamma Frailty Models Based on Additive Hazards
Journal of the Indian Society for Probability and Statistics, 2016Co-Authors: David D. Hanagal, Arvind PandeyAbstract:Frailty models are used in the survival analysis to account for the unobserved heterogeneity in individual risks to disease and death. To analyze the bivariate data on related survival times (e.g. matched pairs experiments, twin or family data), the shared frailty models were suggested. These models are based on the assumption that frailty act multiplicatively to hazard rate. In this paper we assume that frailty acts additively to hazard rate. We introduce the shared gamma frailty models with two different baseline distributions namely, the generalized log logistic and the generalized Weibull. We introduce the Bayesian estimation procedure using Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique to estimate the parameters involved in these models. We apply these models to a real life bivariate survival data set of McGilchrist and Aisbett (Biometrics 47:461–466, 1991 ) related to the Kidney Infection data and a better model is suggested for the data.
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Gamma frailty models for bivariate survival data
Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 2014Co-Authors: David D. Hanagal, Arvind PandeyAbstract:In this paper, we introduce the shared gamma frailty models with two different baseline distributions namely, the generalized log-logistic and the generalized Weibull. We introduce the Bayesian estimation procedure to estimate the parameters involved in these models. We present a simulation study to compare the true values of the parameters with the estimated values. We apply these models to a real-life bivariate survival data set of McGilchrist and Aisbett related to the Kidney Infection data and a better model is suggested for the data.
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Comparisons of frailty models for Kidney Infection data under Weibull baseline distribution
International Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Optimisation, 2014Co-Authors: David D. Hanagal, Alok D. DabadeAbstract:Shared frailty models are often used to model heterogeneity in the survival analysis. The most common shared frailty model is a model in which hazard function is a product of random factor (frailty) and the baseline hazard function which is common to all individuals. There are certain assumptions about the baseline distribution and the distribution of frailty. Mostly assumption of the gamma distribution is considered for frailty distribution. To compare the results with the gamma frailty model, we introduce three shared frailty models with the Weibull as baseline distribution. The other three shared frailty models are the inverse Gaussian shared frailty model, the compound Poisson shared frailty model and the compound negative binomial shared frailty model. We fit these models to a real life bivariate survival dataset of McGilchrist and Aisbett (1991) related to Kidney Infection data using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. Model comparison is made using the Bayesian model selection criteria and the inverse Gaussian frailty model model is suggested for this data.
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Comparison of Shared Frailty Models for Kidney Infection Data under Exponential Power Baseline Distribution
Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 2013Co-Authors: David D. Hanagal, Alok D. DabadeAbstract:Shared frailty models are often used to model heterogeneity in survival analysis. There are certain assumptions about the baseline distribution and distribution of frailty. In this paper, four shared frailty models with frailty distribution gamma, inverse Gaussian, compound Poisson, and compound negative binomial with exponential power as baseline distribution are proposed. These models are fitted using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. These models are illustrated with a real life bivariate survival data set of McGilchrist and Aisbett (1991) related to Kidney Infection, and the best model is suggested for the data using different model comparison criteria.
David C Grabowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does reducing length of stay increase rehospitalization of medicare fee for service beneficiaries discharged to skilled nursing facilities
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2013Co-Authors: Mark Aaron Unruh, A Trivedi, David C GrabowskiAbstract:Objectives To analyze the relationship between length of stay and rehospitalization. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Six thousand five hundred thirty-seven hospitals nationwide from January 1999 through September 2005. Participants Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries associated with 2,101,481 hospitalizations. Measurements Thirty-day rehospitalization derived from Medicare hospital claims using the implementation of Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy as a quasi-experiment. Results Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy led to immediate declines in length of stay. A 1-day decrease in length of stay was associated with an absolute increase in 30-day rehospitalization of 1.56 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–2.82) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with major complications and 0.81 percentage points (95% CI = 0.03–1.60) for Kidney Infection or urinary tract Infection (UTI) without major complications. Individuals hospitalized for AMI without major complications, heart failure, or Kidney Infection or UTI with major complications had no increase in 30-day rehospitalization. Conclusion A 1-day reduction in hospital length of stay was not consistently associated with a higher rate of rehospitalization.
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Does Reducing Length of Stay Increase Rehospitalization of Medicare Fee‐for‐Service Beneficiaries Discharged to Skilled Nursing Facilities?
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2013Co-Authors: Mark Aaron Unruh, David C Grabowski, Amal N. Trivedi, Vincent MorAbstract:Objectives To analyze the relationship between length of stay and rehospitalization. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Six thousand five hundred thirty-seven hospitals nationwide from January 1999 through September 2005. Participants Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries associated with 2,101,481 hospitalizations. Measurements Thirty-day rehospitalization derived from Medicare hospital claims using the implementation of Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy as a quasi-experiment. Results Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy led to immediate declines in length of stay. A 1-day decrease in length of stay was associated with an absolute increase in 30-day rehospitalization of 1.56 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–2.82) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with major complications and 0.81 percentage points (95% CI = 0.03–1.60) for Kidney Infection or urinary tract Infection (UTI) without major complications. Individuals hospitalized for AMI without major complications, heart failure, or Kidney Infection or UTI with major complications had no increase in 30-day rehospitalization. Conclusion A 1-day reduction in hospital length of stay was not consistently associated with a higher rate of rehospitalization.
Isabella Eckerle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro renal epithelial cell Infection reveals a viral Kidney tropism as a potential mechanism for acute renal failure during middle east respiratory syndrome mers coronavirus Infection
Virology Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Isabella Eckerle, Stephan Kallies, Marcel A Muller, Daniel Gotthardt, Christian DrostenAbstract:Background: The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes symptoms similar to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), yet involving an additional component of acute renal failure (ARF) according to several published case reports. Impairment of the Kidney is not typically seen in Coronavirus Infections. The role of Kidney Infection in MERS is not understood. Findings: A systematic review of communicated and peer-reviewed case reports revealed differences in descriptions of Kidney involvement in MERS versus SARS patients. In particular, ARF in MERS patients occurred considerably earlier after a median time to onset of 11 days (SD ±2,0 days) as opposed to 20 days for SARS, according to the literature. In-situ histological staining of the respective cellular receptors for MERS- and SARS-Coronavirus showed highly similar staining patterns with a focus of a receptor-specific signal in Kidney epithelial cells. Comparative Infection experiments with SARS- and MERS-CoV in primary human Kidney cells versus primary human bronchial epithelial cells showed cytopathogenic Infection only in Kidney cells, and only if infected with MERS-CoV. Kidney epithelial cells produced almost 1000-fold more infectious MERS-CoV progeny than bronchial epithelial cells, while only a small difference was seen between cell types when infected with SARS-CoV. Conclusion: Epidemiological studies should analyze Kidney impairment and its characteristics in MERS-CoV. Virus replication in the Kidney with potential shedding in urine might constitute a way of transmission, and could explain untraceable transmission chains leading to new cases. Individual patients might benefit from early induction of renoprotective treatment.
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in vitro renal epithelial cell Infection reveals a viral Kidney tropism as a potential mechanism for acute renal failure during middle east respiratory syndrome mers coronavirus Infection
Virology Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Isabella Eckerle, Stephan Kallies, Marcel A Muller, Daniel Gotthardt, Christian DrostenAbstract:Background The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes symptoms similar to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), yet involving an additional component of acute renal failure (ARF) according to several published case reports. Impairment of the Kidney is not typically seen in Coronavirus Infections. The role of Kidney Infection in MERS is not understood.
Mark Aaron Unruh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does reducing length of stay increase rehospitalization of medicare fee for service beneficiaries discharged to skilled nursing facilities
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2013Co-Authors: Mark Aaron Unruh, A Trivedi, David C GrabowskiAbstract:Objectives To analyze the relationship between length of stay and rehospitalization. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Six thousand five hundred thirty-seven hospitals nationwide from January 1999 through September 2005. Participants Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries associated with 2,101,481 hospitalizations. Measurements Thirty-day rehospitalization derived from Medicare hospital claims using the implementation of Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy as a quasi-experiment. Results Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy led to immediate declines in length of stay. A 1-day decrease in length of stay was associated with an absolute increase in 30-day rehospitalization of 1.56 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–2.82) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with major complications and 0.81 percentage points (95% CI = 0.03–1.60) for Kidney Infection or urinary tract Infection (UTI) without major complications. Individuals hospitalized for AMI without major complications, heart failure, or Kidney Infection or UTI with major complications had no increase in 30-day rehospitalization. Conclusion A 1-day reduction in hospital length of stay was not consistently associated with a higher rate of rehospitalization.
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Does Reducing Length of Stay Increase Rehospitalization of Medicare Fee‐for‐Service Beneficiaries Discharged to Skilled Nursing Facilities?
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2013Co-Authors: Mark Aaron Unruh, David C Grabowski, Amal N. Trivedi, Vincent MorAbstract:Objectives To analyze the relationship between length of stay and rehospitalization. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Six thousand five hundred thirty-seven hospitals nationwide from January 1999 through September 2005. Participants Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries associated with 2,101,481 hospitalizations. Measurements Thirty-day rehospitalization derived from Medicare hospital claims using the implementation of Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy as a quasi-experiment. Results Medicare's post-acute care transfer policy led to immediate declines in length of stay. A 1-day decrease in length of stay was associated with an absolute increase in 30-day rehospitalization of 1.56 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–2.82) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with major complications and 0.81 percentage points (95% CI = 0.03–1.60) for Kidney Infection or urinary tract Infection (UTI) without major complications. Individuals hospitalized for AMI without major complications, heart failure, or Kidney Infection or UTI with major complications had no increase in 30-day rehospitalization. Conclusion A 1-day reduction in hospital length of stay was not consistently associated with a higher rate of rehospitalization.
