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N Phamdo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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signal noise KLT based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise
International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2000Co-Authors: U Mittal, N PhamdoAbstract:A signal/noise KLT based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise is proposed. The noisy speech frames are classified into speech-dominated frames and noise-dominated frames. In the speech-dominated frames, the signal KLT matrix is used and in the noise-dominated frames, the noise KLT matrix is used. The approach does not require noise whitening and hence works well even with narrowband noise. A two-dimensional objective measure which captures both the speech distortion and the noise shaping characteristics of the algorithm is proposed. This measure indicates that the proposed method performs better noise shaping than a modified version of the signal subspace approach proposed by Ephraim and Van Trees and the standard spectral subtraction method. Informal listening tests show that the proposed algorithm does not suffer from the problem of residual musical noise and performs better noise masking than the signal subspace approach.
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signal noise KLT based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise
IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, 2000Co-Authors: U Mittal, N PhamdoAbstract:A signal/noise Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise is proposed. The noisy speech frames are classified into speech-dominated frames and noise-dominated frames. In the speech-dominated frames, the signal KLT matrix is used and in the noise dominated frames, the noise KLT matrix is used. The approach does not require noise whitening and hence works well even with narrowband noise. A two-dimensional objective measure which captures both the speech distortion and the noise shaping characteristics of the algorithm is proposed. This measure indicates that the proposed method performs better noise shaping than a modified form of the signal subspace approach proposed by Ephraim and Van Trees (1995) and the standard spectral subtraction method. Informal listening tests show that the proposed algorithm does not suffer from the problem of residual musical noise and performs better noise masking than the signal subspace approach.
U Mittal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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signal noise KLT based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise
International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2000Co-Authors: U Mittal, N PhamdoAbstract:A signal/noise KLT based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise is proposed. The noisy speech frames are classified into speech-dominated frames and noise-dominated frames. In the speech-dominated frames, the signal KLT matrix is used and in the noise-dominated frames, the noise KLT matrix is used. The approach does not require noise whitening and hence works well even with narrowband noise. A two-dimensional objective measure which captures both the speech distortion and the noise shaping characteristics of the algorithm is proposed. This measure indicates that the proposed method performs better noise shaping than a modified version of the signal subspace approach proposed by Ephraim and Van Trees and the standard spectral subtraction method. Informal listening tests show that the proposed algorithm does not suffer from the problem of residual musical noise and performs better noise masking than the signal subspace approach.
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signal noise KLT based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise
IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, 2000Co-Authors: U Mittal, N PhamdoAbstract:A signal/noise Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) based approach for enhancing speech degraded by colored noise is proposed. The noisy speech frames are classified into speech-dominated frames and noise-dominated frames. In the speech-dominated frames, the signal KLT matrix is used and in the noise dominated frames, the noise KLT matrix is used. The approach does not require noise whitening and hence works well even with narrowband noise. A two-dimensional objective measure which captures both the speech distortion and the noise shaping characteristics of the algorithm is proposed. This measure indicates that the proposed method performs better noise shaping than a modified form of the signal subspace approach proposed by Ephraim and Van Trees (1995) and the standard spectral subtraction method. Informal listening tests show that the proposed algorithm does not suffer from the problem of residual musical noise and performs better noise masking than the signal subspace approach.
Hatlen, Lars Martin. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Strukturell ytelse med bruk av krysslaminert tre i bæresystem.
'Saint Louis University', 2021Co-Authors: Hatlen, Lars Martin., Finnerud, Olav Boye.Abstract:Krysslaminert tre (KLT) har de siste årene blitt et populært byggemateriale i deler av den vestlige verden. Tre er vanligvis lite motstandsdyktig for laster vinkelrett på fiberretningen, men den krysslimte strukturen til KLT minimerer dette problemet og gjør at vi får et motstandsdyktig materiale for lastpåkjenning i flere retninger. I denne oppgaven undersøkes den strukturelle bæreevnen til KLT og sammenlignes med bæreevnen til en tilsvarende struktur for armert betong. For å løse oppgaven har to innfallsvinkler blitt benyttet. Først gjøres det rede for sentrale egenskaper ved materialet gjennom en litterær oversikt. Her blir det gitt en oversikt over noen av de viktigste aspektene angående bruk av KLT som byggemateriale. I den andre innfallsvinkelen designes bærekonstruksjonen til et egendefinert kontorbygg bestående av 2 etasjer. Dette gjøres ved bruk av dataprogram Calculatis fra Stora Enso, et program utformet spesifikt til design av KLT konstruksjoner. For å bekrefte resultatene fra Calculatis ble en av bæreveggene designet for hånd. Deretter ble utregningen for hånd sammenlignet med utregningene fra Calculatis, og det ble konkludert med at Calculatis er tilstrekkelig for design av de resterende bæreelementene. For å kunne sammenligne bærekonstruksjon av KLT med en tilsvarende bærekonstruksjon av et annet byggemateriale, ble bygget også designet i betong ved hjelp av SAP2000. Mot slutten er det en diskusjonsdel som drøfter ulike aspekter ved oppgaven som resultater, sammenligninger og svakheter i metode. Etter arbeidet med problemstillingen sitter prosjektskriverne igjen med en god oversikt over KLT som byggemateriale og kan konkludere med at det er et konkurransedyktig materiale som kan revolusjonere byggebransjen i fremtiden.Cross-laminated wood (CLT) has in recent years become a popular building material in parts of the western world. Wood is usually not very resistant to loads perpendicular to the fiber direction, but the cross-glued structure of CLT minimizes this problem which means that we get a resistant material for load stress in several directions. In this thesis, the structural load-bearing capacity of CLT is examined and compared with the load-bearing capacity of a similar structure for reinforced concrete. To solve the problem, two approaches have been used. First, key properties of the material are explained through a literary overview. Here is an overview of some of the most important aspects regarding the use of CLT as a building material. In the second approach, the supporting structure is designed for a custom office building consisting of 2 floors. This is done using the computer program Calculatis from Stora Enso, a program designed specifically for the design of CLT constructions. To confirm the results from Calculatis, one of the load-bearing walls was designed by hand. The calculation by hand was then compared with the calculations from Calculatis, and it was concluded that Calculatis is sufficient for the design of the remaining supporting elements. In order to be able to compare the supporting structure of CLT with a similar supporting structure of another building material, the building was also designed in concrete using SAP2000. Towards the end, there is a discussion section that discusses various aspects of the thesis such as results, comparisons and weaknesses in the method. After working on the problem, the project writers are left with a good overview of CLT as a building material and can conclude that it is a competitive material that can revolutionize the construction industry in the future
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Strukturell ytelse med bruk av krysslaminert tre i bæresystem
'Saint Louis University', 2021Co-Authors: Hatlen, Lars Martin., Finnerud OlavAbstract:Krysslaminert tre (KLT) har de siste årene blitt et populært byggemateriale i deler av den vestlige verden. Tre er vanligvis lite motstandsdyktig for laster vinkelrett på fiberretningen, men den krysslimte strukturen til KLT minimerer dette problemet og gjør at vi får et motstandsdyktig materiale for lastpåkjenning i flere retninger. I denne oppgaven undersøkes den strukturelle bæreevnen til KLT og sammenlignes med bæreevnen til en tilsvarende struktur for armert betong. For å løse oppgaven har to innfallsvinkler blitt benyttet. Først gjøres det rede for sentrale egenskaper ved materialet gjennom en litterær oversikt. Her blir det gitt en oversikt over noen av de viktigste aspektene angående bruk av KLT som byggemateriale. I den andre innfallsvinkelen designes bærekonstruksjonen til et egendefinert kontorbygg bestående av 2 etasjer. Dette gjøres ved bruk av dataprogram Calculatis fra Stora Enso, et program utformet spesifikt til design av KLT konstruksjoner. For å bekrefte resultatene fra Calculatis ble en av bæreveggene designet for hånd. Deretter ble utregningen for hånd sammenlignet med utregningene fra Calculatis, og det ble konkludert med at Calculatis er tilstrekkelig for design av de resterende bæreelementene. For å kunne sammenligne bærekonstruksjon av KLT med en tilsvarende bærekonstruksjon av et annet byggemateriale, ble bygget også designet i betong ved hjelp av SAP2000. Mot slutten er det en diskusjonsdel som drøfter ulike aspekter ved oppgaven som resultater, sammenligninger og svakheter i metode. Etter arbeidet med problemstillingen sitter prosjektskriverne igjen med en god oversikt over KLT som byggemateriale og kan konkludere med at det er et konkurransedyktig materiale som kan revolusjonere byggebransjen i fremtiden
Nisrina, Rahmi Putri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analisis dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Komponen Kimia Minyak Atsiri dari Kulit Buah Limau Sundai (Citrus x aurantiifolia ‘sundai’)
2021Co-Authors: Nisrina, Rahmi PutriAbstract:Telah dilakukan analisis dan uji aktivitas antibakteri komponen kimia minyak atsiri dari kulit buah limau sundai (Citrus x aurantiifolia ‘sundai’) dari daerah Pariaman, Bukittinggi, dan Solok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen kimia dengan GC-MS, penentuan aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi agar ,dilusi, dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT)- bioautografi serta mengidentifikasi senyawa spesifik yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dari minyak atsiri kulit buah limau sundai (Citrus x aurantiifolia ‘sundai’) yang berasal dari tiga daerah di Sumatera Barat. Minyak atsiri diisolasi dari kulit buah limau sundai dengan menggunakan metode destilasi air yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisis dengan GC-MS. Hasil GC-MS menunjukkan komponen kimia utama dari ketiga minyak atsiri ini adalah Cyclohexene, 2(10)-Pinene dan Cholest-5-en-3-ol dengan persentase yang berbeda tiap daerahnya. Terdapat komponen minyak atsiri yang berbeda pada masing-masing sampel, seperti 2-propanone, p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, 2(10)-Pinen-3-ol, Octanoic acid, 2-Piperidinemethanamine yang hanya ditemukan di minyak atsiri A (Pariaman); Hexa-hydro-Naphthalene, 4-(1-methylethyl)-Benzenemethanol, (3E)-3-dodecene hanya ditemukan di minyak atsiri B (Bukittinggi); 2-hydroxy-2-methyl- Propanenitrile, Acetic acid-nonyl ester yang hanya ditemukan di minyak atsiri C (Solok). Minyak atsiri dari ketiga sampel memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli, S.aureus, E.faecalis dan P.aeruginosa dengan konsentrasi larutan 50% ,25%, 12,5%, dan 6,25% (v/v) dengan pelarut DMSO.Setelah itu dilakukan pemisahan minyak atsiri kulit buah limau sundai dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) pada plat silika gel GF254 menggunakan toluen: etil asetat (9:1) dan dua tetes asam format sebagai eluen yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk penentuan aktivitas antibakteri metode KLT-bioautografi. Hasil KLT-bioautografi didapatkan dua noda yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Noda target selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan KLT-preparatif dan isolat diuji dengan GC-MS. Dua senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri adalah Tetracosanoic acid dan Cholesta-3,5-diene Kata kunci : minyak atsiri, limau sundai, GC-MS, KLT-Bioautografi, Tetracosanoic acid, Cholesta-3,5-dien
Rezky Effendi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analisis Komponen Kimia Minyak Atsiri dari Kulit Buah Jeruk Kasturi (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) dan Aktivitas Antibakterinya
2019Co-Authors: Rezky EffendiAbstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen kimia dengan GC-MS, penentuan aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi agar dan KLT-bioautografi serta mengidentifikasi senyawa spesifik yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dari minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk kasturi (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) yang berasal dari tiga daerah di Sumatera Barat. Minyak atsiri diisolasi dari kulit buah jeruk kasturi dengan menggunakan metode destilasi air yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisis dengan GC-MS. Hasil GC-MS menunjukkan komponen kimia utama dari ketiga minyak atsiri ini adalah D-limonene, β-pinene, citronellal, terpinen-4-ol, citronellol, α-terpineol dan linalool dengan persentase yang berbeda tiap daerahnya. Terdapat senyawa yang berbeda pada masing-masing minyak atsiri, seperti α-farnesene, trichloromethane, 2,6-octadienal,3,7-dimethyl-, 3-Hexyne-2,5-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-, (-)-α-selinene, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, eremophilene, D-(+)-carvone, 2-pyrazoline,1,3,4-trimethyl-, 4-isopropyl-1-methylbenzene, fumaric acid, dan cyclooctane yang hanya ditemukan di minyak atsiri A (Pesisir Selatan); 3-ethyl-1,5-octadiene, (+)-γ-gurjunene, β-panasinsene, α-humulene, geranyl bromide hanya ditemukan di minyak atsiri B (Bukittinggi); 3-methyl-cyclohexene, bicyclogermacrene yang hanya ditemukan di minyak atsiri C (Padang). Ketiga minyak atsiri ini memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E.coli, S.aureus, E.faecalis dan P.aeruginosa dengan konsentrasi larutan 50% dan 25% (v/v) dalam pelarut tween 20. Lalu dilakukan pemisahan minyak atsiri kulit buah jeruk kasturi dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) pada plat silika gel GF254 menggunakan toluen:heksan (7:3) sebagai eluen yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk penentuan aktivitas antibakteri metode KLT-bioautografi. Hasil KLT-bioautografi didapatkan dua noda yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Noda target selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan KLT-preparatif dan isolat diuji dengan GC-MS. Dua senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri adalah citronellal dan citronellol. Kata kunci : minyak atsiri, jeruk kasturi, GC-MS, KLT-Bioautografi, citronellal, citronello