The Experts below are selected from a list of 9039 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nevin N. Weinberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
tidal asteroseismology kepler s Koi 54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analysing high-precision light curves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with e= 0.83 and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its light curve also contains ∼20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ∼10 non-harmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, non-adiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudo-synchronously, with resonant non-axisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances present a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the non-harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be explained by non-linear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fitting stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54’s ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
-
Tidal asteroseismology: Kepler's Koi-54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analyzing high-precision lightcurves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with $e=0.83$ and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its lightcurve also contains ~20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ~10 nonharmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, nonadiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudosynchronously, with resonant nonaxisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances provide a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find quantitative problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the nonharmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be produced by nonlinear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fit stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54's ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
Gunanti Mahasri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Pengaruh Suhu Penyimpanan terhadap Kerusakan Spora Myxobolus Koi [The Effect Of Storage Temperature In Myxobolus Koi Spore Damage]
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 2019Co-Authors: Gunanti Mahasri, Titom Gusmana Putra Perdana, Kusnoto KusnotoAbstract:Abstrak Spora Myxobolus Koi dapat mengalami kerusakan apabila disimpan dalam kondisi penyimpanan yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu penyimpanan terhadap kerusakan spora Myxobolus Koi serta untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) sebagai rancangan percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penyimpanan spora Myxobolus Koi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC, Refrigerator (2-4) oC, dan Freezer (-5 hingga -10) oC, dengan ulangan sebanyak 6 kali. Penyimpanan ini dilakukan selama 30 hari. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah prosentase spora Myxobolus Koi yang rusak. Parameter penunjang yang diamati adalah tipe kerusakan spora Myxobolus Koi. Analisis data menggunakan ANAVA (Analisis Varian) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanan spora Myxobolus Koi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa peyimpanan pada suhu yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap prosentase kerusakan spora Myxobolus Koi. Kerusakan spora Myxobolus Koi tertinggi terjadi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC mencapai angka 68,91% dan nilai kerusakan terrendah terjadi pada refrigerator (2-4) oC yaitu 29,91%. Spora Myxobolus Koi dapat disimpan pada refrigerator dan lemari pembeku. Abstract Myxobolus Koi spores can be damaged if stored in poor conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage temperature on Myxobolus Koi spores and to determine the optimum temperature for storage. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design method (CRD) as an experimental design. The treatments used were storaged Myxobolus Koi spores at room temperature (28-34oC), Refrigerator (2-4oC), and Freezers (-5 to -10oC), with replications 6 times. This storage was carried out for 30 days. The main parameter observed was the percentage of damaged Myxobolus Koi spores. The supporting parameters observed were the type of Myxobolus Koi spore damage. Data analysis using ANAVA (Analysis of Variance) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Distance Test to find out the optimum temperature for storage of Myxobolus Koi spores. Based on the results of the study, it was found that storage at different temperatures affected the percentage of damage to Myxobolus Koi spores. The highest damage of Myxobolus Koi spores occurred at room temperature (28-34oC) reaching 68.91% and the lowest damage value occurred at refrigerator (2-4oC) which was 29.91%. Myxobolus Koi spores can be stored in a refrigerator and freezer
-
Tingkat Kejadian Aeromonasis pada Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio carpio) yang Terinfeksi Myxobolus Koi pada Derajat Infeksi yang Berbeda [ Aeromonasis Incidence Rate In Koi (Cyprinus carpio carpio) That Infected Myxobolus Koi At Different Degrees Of Infec
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 2019Co-Authors: Gunanti Mahasri, Riris Ulfiana, Hari SupraptoAbstract:Abstract Myxobolus infection in Koi fish allows followed by opportunistic microorganisms infection. Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria classified as opportunistic because it can cause illness in certain condition such as when environmental conditions change, stress and the condition of the host that has been infected by the parasite. This study purpose to determine the incidence rate Aeromonasis in Koi (Cyprinus carpio carpio) infected Myxobolus Koi at different degrees of infection. The results showed that of 120 samples taken, infected with M. Koi in a mild degree of infection is 68.3%. Furthermore the medium infection is 22.5%, 1.7% severe infection and uninfected fish 7.5%. Each level of infection of M. Koi taken samples for examination bacteria with skin samples and water. The results of bacterial examination showed that 17 positive samples of fish infected with A. hydrophila (85%) from 20 fish sample. 17 positive samples of fish infected with A. hydrophila consist of 3 sample normal fish, 7 sample M. Koi mild infection, 6 sample M. Koi medium infection and 1 sample severe infection. The results showed that the fish infected or not infected with M. Koi, positive with A. hydrophila infection that needs to be done by using a bacterial colony calculation method of determining the Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) or Total Plate Count (TPC). The calculation results from the number of bacterial colony in various levels of infection of M. Koi are sample 1 (normal Koi fish) of 1.15 x108 CFU/ml, sample 2 (Koi fish with a mild infection of M. Koi) as much as 1.3 x108 CFU/ml. While the sample 3 (Koi fish with a medium infection of M. Koi) 2.02 x108 CFU/ml and sample 4 (with the severe infection of M. Koi) 2.60 x108 CFU/ml.
-
Efektivitas Vaksinasi Crude Dan Soluble Protein Spora Myxobolus Koi Terhadap Tingkat Kerusakan Usus Ikan Koi (Cyprinus Carpio Koi) [ the Effectivety Crude and Soluble Protein of Myxobolus Koi Spore Againts Intestine Different Degrees in Koi (Cyprinus
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 2019Co-Authors: Gunanti Mahasri, Rachma Woro Anggarani, Lucia Tri SuwantiAbstract:Abstract Myxobolus Koi is one species of Myxobolus sp that can cause parasitic diseases in fish called Myxobolusis. Based on the Decree of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries No: KEP.03/MEN/2010 that Myxobolus Koi in the list of Fish Quarantine Pests group I. Myxosporean diseases are most numerous in the water can cause Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) and Whirling Disease (WD). The aim of this research is to finding, analyzing and determining the protein of spores Myxobolus Koi that can effectively reduce the level of damage to the intestinal organs as well as for the prevention myxobolusis on Koi’s. Then for finding, analyzing and determining the protein of spores Myxobolus Koi do isolation of spore proteins. The study consisted of three phases examination to preparation and identification of spores, isolation and analyze of crude and soluble protein spores for obtain dose and molecular weight each protein and histopathological test. This research uses descriptive method. The data presented may be narratives, images, tables or charts for each group. Intestinal histopathology test results of research carried scoring Koi’s were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis. The results showed a profile crude protein and soluble proteins from spores Myxobolus Koi showed that the molecular weight of crude protein Myxobolus Koi in this study was 150 kDa and 72 kDa and for soluble protein was 73 kDa. Results scoring the degree of infection caused by exposure to Myxobolus Koi then statistically processed with an average yield of scoring in a sequence of 0; 1.6; 0.64 and 0.32. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the treatment of K + with crude protein, and K + with soluble proteins. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in treatment with K+ and K-, K- with soluble protein and crude protein and soluble protein. Histopathological changes in the intestine in the form of inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis and haemorage
-
Analisis Respons Imun Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio Koi) yang Divaksin dengan Whole Protein Spora Myxobolus Koi sebagai Kandidat Vaksin Myxobolusis [ Immune Response Analysis of Fish Koi (Cyprinus carpio Koi) Vaccinated Myxobolus Koi Spores Whole Protein
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 2019Co-Authors: Gunanti Mahasri, Mohamad Yusuf, Mufasirin MufasirinAbstract:Abstract Myxobolus is one of parasites on Koi fish that belongs to a class myxosporea that can infect and systemic and can cause harm to the fish farming. Vaccination is an attempt to cause-specific endurance through vaccination. Observations differential leukocytes and increased optical density values can be used to determine the effectiveness of the vaccine is given. This study aims to analyze the immune response Koi fish vaccinated with Myxobolus Koi spores whole protein for vaccine development myxobolusis in Koi fish. The method used in this study is Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The results showed that a change in the total number and types of leukocytes that can be used as indicators of the presence of certain infectious diseases that occure in fish. The highest value of lymphocytes in treatment B, monocytes highest in treatment D, neutrophils on treatment D, eosinophils on treatment A and basophils highest in treatment A. The observation of the highest optical density value in treatment B (fish vaccinated and infected 80 M. Koi spores / tail) of 0.593 at day 30, while the lowest in treatment D (fish are not vaccinated but diinveksi 80 M. Koi spores / tail) of 0,064 in 30 days
-
THE EFFECTIVETY Crude and Soluble Protein of Myxobolus Koi SPORE AGAINTS INTESTINE DIFFERENT DEGREES IN Koi (Cyprinus carpio Koi)
2015Co-Authors: Rachma Woro Anggarani, Gunanti Mahasri, Lucia Tri SuwantiAbstract:Myxobolus Koi is one species of Myxobolus sp that can cause parasitic diseases in fish called Myxobolusis. Based on the Decree of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries No KEP.03/MEN/2010 that Myxobolus Koi in the list of Fish Quarantine Pests group I. Myxosporean diseases are most numerous in the water can cause Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) and Whirling Disease (WD).The aim of this research is to finding, analyzing and determining the protein of spores Myxobolus Koi that can effectively reduce the level of damage to the intestinal organs as well as for the prevention myxobolusis on Koi’s. Then for finding, analyzing and determining the protein of spores Myxobolus Koi do isolation of spore proteins.The study consisted of three phases examination to preparation and identification of spores, isolation and analyze of crude and soluble protein spores for obtain dose and molecular weight each protein and histopathological test. This research uses descriptive method. The data presented may be narratives, images, tables or charts for each group. Intestinal histopathology test results of research carried scoring Koi’s were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis.The results showed a profile crude protein and soluble proteins from spores Myxobolus Koi showed that the molecular weight of crude protein Myxobolus Koi in this study was 150 kDa and 72 kDa and for soluble protein was 73 kDa. Results scoring the degree of infection caused by exposure to Myxobolus Koi then statistically processed with an average yield of scoring in a sequence of 0; 1.6; 0.64 and 0.32. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the treatment of K + with crude protein, and K + with soluble proteins. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in treatment with K+ and K-, K- with soluble protein and crude protein and soluble protein. Histopathological changes in the intestine in the form of inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis and haemorage
Joshua Burkart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
tidal asteroseismology kepler s Koi 54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analysing high-precision light curves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with e= 0.83 and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its light curve also contains ∼20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ∼10 non-harmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, non-adiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudo-synchronously, with resonant non-axisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances present a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the non-harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be explained by non-linear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fitting stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54’s ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
-
Tidal asteroseismology: Kepler's Koi-54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analyzing high-precision lightcurves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with $e=0.83$ and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its lightcurve also contains ~20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ~10 nonharmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, nonadiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudosynchronously, with resonant nonaxisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances provide a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find quantitative problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the nonharmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be produced by nonlinear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fit stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54's ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
Eliot Quataert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
tidal asteroseismology kepler s Koi 54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analysing high-precision light curves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with e= 0.83 and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its light curve also contains ∼20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ∼10 non-harmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, non-adiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudo-synchronously, with resonant non-axisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances present a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the non-harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be explained by non-linear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fitting stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54’s ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
-
Tidal asteroseismology: Kepler's Koi-54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analyzing high-precision lightcurves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with $e=0.83$ and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its lightcurve also contains ~20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ~10 nonharmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, nonadiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudosynchronously, with resonant nonaxisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances provide a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find quantitative problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the nonharmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be produced by nonlinear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fit stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54's ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
Phil Arras - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
tidal asteroseismology kepler s Koi 54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analysing high-precision light curves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with e= 0.83 and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its light curve also contains ∼20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ∼10 non-harmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, non-adiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudo-synchronously, with resonant non-axisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances present a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the non-harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be explained by non-linear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fitting stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54’s ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
-
Tidal asteroseismology: Kepler's Koi-54
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua Burkart, Eliot Quataert, Phil Arras, Nevin N. WeinbergAbstract:We develop a general framework for interpreting and analyzing high-precision lightcurves from eccentric stellar binaries. Although our methods are general, we focus on the recently discovered Kepler system Koi-54, a face-on binary of two A stars with $e=0.83$ and an orbital period of 42 days. Koi-54 exhibits strong ellipsoidal variability during its periastron passage; its lightcurve also contains ~20 pulsations at perfect harmonics of the orbital frequency, and another ~10 nonharmonic pulsations. Analysis of such data is a new form of asteroseismology in which oscillation amplitudes and phases rather than frequencies contain information that can be mined to constrain stellar properties. We qualitatively explain the physics of mode excitation and the range of harmonics expected to be observed. To quantitatively model observed pulsation spectra, we develop and apply a linear, tidally forced, nonadiabatic stellar oscillation formalism including the Coriolis force. We produce temporal power spectra for Koi-54 that are semi-quantitatively consistent with the observations. Both stars in the Koi-54 system are expected to be rotating pseudosynchronously, with resonant nonaxisymmetric modes providing a key contribution to the total torque; such resonances provide a possible explanation for the two largest-amplitude harmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54, although we find quantitative problems with this interpretation. We show in detail that the nonharmonic pulsations observed in Koi-54 can be produced by nonlinear three-mode coupling. The methods developed in this paper can be generalized in the future to determine the best-fit stellar parameters given pulsation data. We also derive an analytic model of Koi-54's ellipsoidal variability, including both tidal distortion and stellar irradiation, which can be used to model other similar systems.
