The Experts below are selected from a list of 105396 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gregory A. Poland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systems biology approaches to new Vaccine Development.
Current opinion in immunology, 2011Co-Authors: Ann L. Oberg, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Richard B. Kennedy, Gregory A. PolandAbstract:The current 'isolate, inactivate, inject' Vaccine Development strategy has served the field of vaccinology well, and such empirical Vaccine candidate Development has even led to the eradication of smallpox. However, such an approach suffers from limitations, and as an empirical approach, does not fully utilize our knowledge of immunology and genetics. A more complete understanding of the biological processes culminating in disease resistance is needed. The advent of high-dimensional assay technology and 'systems biology' along with a vaccinomics approach [1,2•] is spawning a new era in the science of Vaccine Development. Here we review recent Developments in systems biology and strategies for applying this approach and its resulting data to expand our knowledge base and drive directed Development of new Vaccines. We also provide applied examples and point out new directions for the field in order to illustrate the power of systems biology.
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Mass Spectrometry and Peptide‐based Vaccine Development
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2007Co-Authors: Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Kenneth L. Johnson, H R Bergen, Gregory A. PolandAbstract:The Development of new Vaccines against pathogens is an important part of infectious disease control. In the last decade, a variety of proteins giving rise to naturally processed pathogen-derived antigenic peptides, representing B-cell and T-cell epitopes, have been characterized. Numerous candidate Vaccines consisting of synthetic peptides are being designed and evaluated, with encouraging results. In this context, the application of mass spectrometry based on the isolation and identification of pathogen-derived peptides from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules is a major focus of peptide-based Vaccine Development. Dramatic improvements have been made in mass spectrometer performance for peptide sequencing in terms of increased sensitivity, the ability to rapidly obtain data-directed tandem mass spectra, and the accuracy of mass measurement. This review focuses on the efforts to identify T-cell epitopes for viral and microbial pathogens for directed Vaccine Development.
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The role of mass spectrometry in Vaccine Development.
Vaccine, 2001Co-Authors: Gregory A. Poland, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Kenneth L. Johnson, Stephen NaylorAbstract:Abstract For the most part, Vaccine Development to date has been empiric. While sometimes successful, such a strategy is ‘hit or miss’, and fails to advance the basic science of Vaccine Development. Preferable would be tools that allow for a more directed Development of Vaccines at either the population or sub-population level. Characteristics of useful tools in Vaccine Development should include the ability to identify and characterize the spectrum of antigenic peptides presented by MHC molecules to which the immune system responds by the Development of protective immune responses. In addition, because the explosion in human genomics allows the ability to understand MHC haplotypes at the population level, as well as an enhanced understanding of MHC binding motifs, new tools might further allow for an understanding of which Vaccine antigens are capable of being bound and presented to the immune system by MHC molecules. New mass spectrometry technology fulfils these criteria, and may well lead to a revolution in the design of new Vaccines. This paper will review the basics of mass spectrometry techniques as applied to the identification and characterization of Vaccine peptide antigens, and discusses how these tools can be applied to Vaccine Development.
Anna P Durbin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vaccine Development for Zika Virus-Timelines and Strategies.
Seminars in reproductive medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Anna P DurbinAbstract:Zika virus is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus that spread rapidly through South and Central America in 2015 to 2016. Microcephaly has been causally associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and the World Health Organization declared Zika virus as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. To address this crisis, many groups have expressed their commitment to developing a Zika virus Vaccine. Different strategies for Zika virus Vaccine Development are being considered including recombinant live attenuated Vaccines, purified inactivated Vaccines (PIVs), DNA Vaccines, and viral vectored Vaccines. Important to Zika virus Vaccine Development will be the target group chosen for vaccination and which end point(s) is chosen for efficacy determination. The first clinical trials of Zika virus Vaccine candidates will begin in Q3/4 2016 but the pathway to licensure for a Zika virus Vaccine is expected to take several years. Efforts are ongoing to accelerate Zika virus Vaccine Development and evaluation with the ultimate goal of reducing time to licensure.
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Vaccine Development for Zika Virus—Timelines and Strategies
Seminars in reproductive medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Anna P DurbinAbstract:Zika virus is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus that spread rapidly through South and Central America in 2015 to 2016. Microcephaly has been causally associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and the World Health Organization declared Zika virus as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. To address this crisis, many groups have expressed their commitment to developing a Zika virus Vaccine. Different strategies for Zika virus Vaccine Development are being considered including recombinant live attenuated Vaccines, purified inactivated Vaccines (PIVs), DNA Vaccines, and viral vectored Vaccines. Important to Zika virus Vaccine Development will be the target group chosen for vaccination and which end point(s) is chosen for efficacy determination. The first clinical trials of Zika virus Vaccine candidates will begin in Q3/4 2016 but the pathway to licensure for a Zika virus Vaccine is expected to take several years. Efforts are ongoing to accelerate Zika virus Vaccine Development and evaluation with the ultimate goal of reducing time to licensure.
Rino Rappuoli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transforming Vaccine Development
2020Co-Authors: Steve Black, David E. Bloom, David C. Kaslow, Simone Pecetta, Rino RappuoliAbstract:The urgency to develop Vaccines against Covid-19 is putting pressure on the long and expensive Development timelines which are normally required for Development of lifesaving Vaccines. There is a unique opportunity to take advantage of new technologies, smart and flexible design of clinical trials, and evolving regulatory science to speed up Vaccine Development against Covid-19 and transform Vaccine Development altogether.
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Transforming Vaccine Development.
Seminars in Immunology, 2020Co-Authors: Steve Black, David E. Bloom, David C. Kaslow, Simone Pecetta, Rino RappuoliAbstract:The urgency to develop Vaccines against Covid-19 is putting pressure on the long and expensive Development timelines that are normally required for Development of lifesaving Vaccines. There is a unique opportunity to take advantage of new technologies, the smart and flexible design of clinical trials, and evolving regulatory science to speed up Vaccine Development against Covid-19 and transform Vaccine Development altogether.
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The use of genomics in microbial Vaccine Development.
Drug discovery today, 2009Co-Authors: Stefania Bambini, Rino RappuoliAbstract:Vaccination is one of the most effective tools for the prevention of infectious diseases. The availability of complete genome sequences, together with the progression of high-throughput technologies such as functional and structural genomics, has led to a new paradigm in Vaccine Development. Pan-genomic reverse vaccinology, with the comparison of sequence data from multiple isolates of the same species of a pathogen, increases the opportunity of the identification of novel Vaccine candidates. Overall, the conventional empiric approach to Vaccine Development is being replaced by Vaccine design. The recent Development of synthetic genomics may provide a further opportunity to design Vaccines.
Inna G. Ovsyannikova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systems biology approaches to new Vaccine Development.
Current opinion in immunology, 2011Co-Authors: Ann L. Oberg, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Richard B. Kennedy, Gregory A. PolandAbstract:The current 'isolate, inactivate, inject' Vaccine Development strategy has served the field of vaccinology well, and such empirical Vaccine candidate Development has even led to the eradication of smallpox. However, such an approach suffers from limitations, and as an empirical approach, does not fully utilize our knowledge of immunology and genetics. A more complete understanding of the biological processes culminating in disease resistance is needed. The advent of high-dimensional assay technology and 'systems biology' along with a vaccinomics approach [1,2•] is spawning a new era in the science of Vaccine Development. Here we review recent Developments in systems biology and strategies for applying this approach and its resulting data to expand our knowledge base and drive directed Development of new Vaccines. We also provide applied examples and point out new directions for the field in order to illustrate the power of systems biology.
-
Mass Spectrometry and Peptide‐based Vaccine Development
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2007Co-Authors: Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Kenneth L. Johnson, H R Bergen, Gregory A. PolandAbstract:The Development of new Vaccines against pathogens is an important part of infectious disease control. In the last decade, a variety of proteins giving rise to naturally processed pathogen-derived antigenic peptides, representing B-cell and T-cell epitopes, have been characterized. Numerous candidate Vaccines consisting of synthetic peptides are being designed and evaluated, with encouraging results. In this context, the application of mass spectrometry based on the isolation and identification of pathogen-derived peptides from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules is a major focus of peptide-based Vaccine Development. Dramatic improvements have been made in mass spectrometer performance for peptide sequencing in terms of increased sensitivity, the ability to rapidly obtain data-directed tandem mass spectra, and the accuracy of mass measurement. This review focuses on the efforts to identify T-cell epitopes for viral and microbial pathogens for directed Vaccine Development.
-
The role of mass spectrometry in Vaccine Development.
Vaccine, 2001Co-Authors: Gregory A. Poland, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Kenneth L. Johnson, Stephen NaylorAbstract:Abstract For the most part, Vaccine Development to date has been empiric. While sometimes successful, such a strategy is ‘hit or miss’, and fails to advance the basic science of Vaccine Development. Preferable would be tools that allow for a more directed Development of Vaccines at either the population or sub-population level. Characteristics of useful tools in Vaccine Development should include the ability to identify and characterize the spectrum of antigenic peptides presented by MHC molecules to which the immune system responds by the Development of protective immune responses. In addition, because the explosion in human genomics allows the ability to understand MHC haplotypes at the population level, as well as an enhanced understanding of MHC binding motifs, new tools might further allow for an understanding of which Vaccine antigens are capable of being bound and presented to the immune system by MHC molecules. New mass spectrometry technology fulfils these criteria, and may well lead to a revolution in the design of new Vaccines. This paper will review the basics of mass spectrometry techniques as applied to the identification and characterization of Vaccine peptide antigens, and discusses how these tools can be applied to Vaccine Development.
Meesam Raza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Challenges and prospects of COVID-19 Vaccine Development based on the progress made in SARS and MERS Vaccine Development.
Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Jubeda Begum, Nasir Akbar Mir, Kapil Dev, Bidyarani Buyamayum, Mohd Yaqoob Wani, Meesam RazaAbstract:The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic has shaken the global health system and economy by their roots. This epidemic is still spreading and showing no signs of decreasing trend. Vaccination could be the only effective and economical means to control this pandemic. A number of research institutions and pharmaceutical companies have plunged into the race of Vaccine Development against COVID-19 which are in various stages of Development. An intriguing fact of coronavirus infections is that in every decade of the 21st century there is a new major coronavirus epidemic, namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, and now COVID-19; and such epidemics are expected in future too. Since most of the biological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still obscure, the scientists are relying on the information available on SARS-CoV and to some extent on MERS-CoV for designing and developing COVID-19 Vaccines. But there is a need of vigorous testing for immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, and level of protection conferred in the hosts. This review focuses on the challenges and prospects of Vaccine Development against COVID-19. It highlights seriousness, bottlenecks in Vaccine Development, possible Vaccine candidates, different Vaccine strategies, safety evaluation issues, and Vaccine production processes pertaining to COVID-19 based on the knowledge acquired on SARS and MERS Vaccine Development in the past.
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Challenges and prospects of COVID-19 Vaccine Development based on the progress made in SARS and MERS Vaccine Development
2020Co-Authors: Jubeda Begum, Nasir Akbar Mir, Kapil Dev, Bidyarani Buyamayum, Mohd Yaqoob Wani, Meesam RazaAbstract:The outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic has shaken the global health system and economy by their roots. This epidemic is still spreading and showing no signs of decreasing trend. Vaccination is the only effective and economical means to control this pandemic. A number of research institutions and pharmaceutical companies have plunged into the race of Vaccine Development against COVID-19 which are in various stages of Development. An intriguing fact of coronavirus infections is that in every decade of 21st century there is a new major coronavirus epidemic viz. SARS in 2002, MERS in 2012, and now COVID-19; and such epidemics are expected in future too. Since, maximum biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 are still obscure the scientists are relying on the information available on SARS-CoV and to some extent on MERS-CoV for designing and Development of COVID-19 Vaccines. But there is a need of vigorous testing for immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, and level of protection conferred in the hosts. This review focuses on the challenges and prospects of Vaccine Development against COVID-19. It highlights seriousness, bottlenecks in Vaccine Development, possible Vaccine candidates, different Vaccine strategies, safety evaluation issues, and Vaccine production process pertaining to COVID-19 based on the knowledge acquired on SARS and MERS Vaccine Development in the past.
