The Experts below are selected from a list of 13329 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cengiz Gunes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Approaches to Kurdish Autonomy in the Middle East
Nationalities Papers, 2019Co-Authors: Cengiz GunesAbstract:AbstractThis article focuses on the approaches and challenges to Kurdish autonomy in Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. Accommodation of Kurdish rights via autonomy arrangements has a long history as an idea but negotiating actual autonomy agreements was often a fruitless task. However, the weakening of state power in Iraq since 1991 and in Syria since 2011 has created opportunities for Kurdish movements in these states to develop and consolidate their autonomous administrations. Consequently, in recent years, the debate on Kurdish autonomy in the Middle East has taken center stage in the regional political discourse. This article first discusses the literature on approaches to autonomy to set out the main models and assess their strengths and weaknesses. It then provides accounts of the models of autonomy that are either practiced or proposed by Kurdish actors or entities in Iraq, Turkey, and Syria. The final section assesses the ability and suitability of the proposed or practiced models for the accommodation of Kurdish rights and demands and develops insights into how the current difficulties preventing the accommodation of Kurdish rights in the Middle East may be overcome.
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The Kurdish Resurgence in a Changing Middle East
The Kurds in a New Middle East, 2018Co-Authors: Cengiz GunesAbstract:This chapter provides an account of the history of the Kurdish question in the Middle East. It explores the main political developments taking place in each of the Kurdish conflicts and highlights the impact of the regional level processes on their evolution. From the 1960s onwards, Kurdish resistance to states began to take a more organised form. While the states’ counter-insurgency efforts succeeded in containing the Kurdish armed campaigns, they have not been able to totally destroy Kurdish movements. Consequently, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, Kurdish political activism has reached a new height with Kurdish movements in Iraq, Turkey and Syria establishing themselves as important political actors and becoming a significant force in the domestic politics of these states.
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Kurdish Prospects in a Volatile Middle East
The Kurds in a New Middle East, 2018Co-Authors: Cengiz GunesAbstract:This chapter assesses the impact Kurdish political actors and entities are having on regional politics and their prospects in light of the changing national and regional political contexts. Undoubtedly, the military and political reach of Kurdish actors in the region is much greater than before but their ability to exploit the opportunities available to them is constrained by the actions of the regional powers, most notably Turkey and Iran, who remain deeply opposed to Kurdish aspirations. While the highly volatile contexts within which Kurdish movements and entities are operating create difficulties for academic observers to evaluate Kurdish prospects, situating the state-level developments in different Kurdish conflicts within the developments at the regional level will nevertheless enable us to identify the factors that will affect the future course of Kurdish conflicts in the Middle East.
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The Syrian Conflict and Kurdish Ascendency
The Kurds in a New Middle East, 2018Co-Authors: Cengiz GunesAbstract:The developments taking place in Kurdish regions of Syria since 2012 have been attracting much media and academic attention and have become a source of optimism for the Kurdish communities across the region. The withdrawal of state forces in July 2012 left the Kurds in control of the Kurdish majority regions and they have lost little time in building political and military organisations to manage their de facto autonomy. This chapter firstly provides an overview of the Kurdish political activism in Syria to explore the context of these significant recent developments. Secondly, it discusses the emergence and evolution of the Kurdish-led de facto autonomous region and highlights the type of autonomy that has been practiced there since 2012. The final section assesses the Kurdish prospects in Syria in light of the developments connected to the ongoing Syrian conflict and the wider region.
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The Transformation of Iran’s Kurdish Conflict
The Kurds in a New Middle East, 2018Co-Authors: Cengiz GunesAbstract:This chapter focuses on the resurgence of Iran’s Kurdish movement and the transformation in conflict it is engendering. It starts with an account of the conflict’s historical background and examines the domestic and regional factors behind the recent increase in violence in the conflict. It details the political developments taking place domestically in Iran and within the Kurdish society there before moving on to examine the regional factors and developments taking place in the pan-Kurdish political space in the Middle East. Overall, the chapter provides an up-to-date empirical account of Kurdish politics in Iran and contributes to the growing literatures on the accommodation of the rights and demands of Iran’s ethnic minorities and the rise of Kurdish movements and entities in the Middle East.
Paivikki Koponen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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overweight and abdominal obesity in women of childbearing age of russian somali and Kurdish origin and the general finnish population
Journal of Public Health, 2018Co-Authors: Tarja I Kinnunen, Natalia Skogberg, Tommi Harkanen, Annamari Lundqvist, Tiina Laatikainen, Paivikki KoponenAbstract:Background: Migrant background and higher parity may increase the risk of being overweight. We compared the prevalence of overweight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5) between non-pregnant migrant and Finnish women aged 18-45 years. Methods: The participants were 165 Russian, 164 Somali and 179 Kurdish origin women from the cross-sectional Migrant Health and Wellbeing study. The reference group included 388 women from the general Finnish population. Body anthropometrics were measured. The main statistical methods were logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and reproductive variables. Results: The unadjusted prevalence of overweight and obesity, respectively, were higher among Somali (32.9%, 30.9%, P < 0.001) and Kurdish women (41.1%, 19.5%, P < 0.001) than among Finnish women (19.9%, 9.8%). The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for overweight (including obesity) were 0.54 (0.33; 0.89) for Russian, 2.89 (1.66; 5.03) for Somali and 2.56 (1.64; 4.00) for Kurdish women compared with Finnish women. Kurdish women had 2.96-fold (1.75; 5.00) adjusted odds ratio for abdominal obesity compared with Finnish women. Being parous was associated with overweight and abdominal obesity among Kurdish women. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity were very common among Somali and Kurdish origin women. Information on diet and physical activity in these groups is needed.
Tiina Laatikainen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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overweight and abdominal obesity in women of childbearing age of russian somali and Kurdish origin and the general finnish population
Journal of Public Health, 2018Co-Authors: Tarja I Kinnunen, Natalia Skogberg, Tommi Harkanen, Annamari Lundqvist, Tiina Laatikainen, Paivikki KoponenAbstract:Background: Migrant background and higher parity may increase the risk of being overweight. We compared the prevalence of overweight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5) between non-pregnant migrant and Finnish women aged 18-45 years. Methods: The participants were 165 Russian, 164 Somali and 179 Kurdish origin women from the cross-sectional Migrant Health and Wellbeing study. The reference group included 388 women from the general Finnish population. Body anthropometrics were measured. The main statistical methods were logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and reproductive variables. Results: The unadjusted prevalence of overweight and obesity, respectively, were higher among Somali (32.9%, 30.9%, P < 0.001) and Kurdish women (41.1%, 19.5%, P < 0.001) than among Finnish women (19.9%, 9.8%). The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for overweight (including obesity) were 0.54 (0.33; 0.89) for Russian, 2.89 (1.66; 5.03) for Somali and 2.56 (1.64; 4.00) for Kurdish women compared with Finnish women. Kurdish women had 2.96-fold (1.75; 5.00) adjusted odds ratio for abdominal obesity compared with Finnish women. Being parous was associated with overweight and abdominal obesity among Kurdish women. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity were very common among Somali and Kurdish origin women. Information on diet and physical activity in these groups is needed.
Welat Zeydanlioglu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Kurdish question in turkey new perspectives on violence representation and reconciliation
Published in 2013 in New York by Routledge, 2013Co-Authors: Cengiz Gunes, Welat ZeydanliogluAbstract:Foreword by Hamit Bozarslan Introduction: Turkey and the Kurds- Cengiz Gunes and Welat Zeydanlioglu 1 The Role of the Judicial System in the Politicide of the Kurdish Opposition- Derya Bayir 2 The Representation of Democratic Society Party (DTP) in Mainstream Turkish Media - Derya Erdem 3 Mobilizing the Kurds in Turkey: Newroz as a Myth - Delal Aydin 4 The State Sovereignty and the Politics of Fear: Ethnography of Political Violence and the Kurdish Struggle in Turkey - Ramazan Aras 5 Re-defining the Role of Women within the Kurdish National Movement in Turkey in the 1990s - Necla Acik 6 Taking to the Streets! Kurdish Collective Action in Turkey - Kariane Westrheim 7 Repression or Reform? An Analysis of AKP's Kurdish Language Policy - Welat Zeydanlioglu 8 Confederalism and Autonomy in Turkey: The Kurdistan Workers' Party and the Reinvention of Democracy- Ahmet Hamdi Akkaya and Joost Jongerden 9 The Impact of the EU on Minority Rights: The Kurds as a Case - Zelal B. Kizilkan-Kisacik 10 Music and Reconciliation in Turkey - Ozan E. Aksoy 11 Elimination or Integration of Pro-Kurdish Politics: Limits of the AKP's Democratic Initiative - Cuma Cicek 12 Political Reconciliation in Turkey: Challenges and Prospects - Cengiz Gunes
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turkey s Kurdish language policy
International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2012Co-Authors: Welat ZeydanliogluAbstract:This article examines the Turkish state's assimilationist policy towards the Kurds and the Kurdish language in Turkey. It studies how the Turkish nationalist elites, the Kemalists, have throughout the 20th century systematically suppressed the Kurdish language as part of their aim to construct a homogenous nation-state of Turkish speakers. It shows that this linguicidal policy was strongly informed by the traumatic collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the consequent Kemalist emphasis on complete ethno-linguistic homogeneity as criteria for being “Turkish”, “Western” and “civilised”. The article discusses the various “Turkification” strategies of the authorities, such as banning the Kurdish language, the denial of the existence of the Kurds, changing the names of towns and villages, the forced re-settlement of Kurds and the assimilation of Kurdish children. It critically analyses the recent developments in Turkey's Kurdish language policy and the reform efforts of the current government as part of the country's EU candidacy. The article reflects however, that whilst looking good on paper, these reforms have had little impact in reality and Kurdish speakers in Turkey are still systematically denied their basic human and linguistic rights.
Jaffer Sheyholislami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Textual Analysis of Kurdish Internet
Kurdish Identity Discourse and New Media, 2020Co-Authors: Jaffer SheyholislamiAbstract:In the previous chapter, I described the main constituents of the Kurdish Internet. Among them were websites, chat rooms, weblogs, and social networking services such as forums, YouTube, and Facebook. I showed that, in contrast to the traditional mainstream media—including television—the Internet has amplified marginalized voices that are excluded from the discursive domains of the dominant Kurdish political organizations. In this chapter, I carry out textual analysis of the verbal language and images of various Internet constituents (e.g., websites, chat rooms, weblogs, forums, and social networking services such as YouTube). My objective is to locate the discursive strategies that are used on the Internet to construct Kurdish identities. The focus of the investigation at this level is captured in this broad question: How do Kurdish online resources use language and images to define and present Kurdish identities?
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Kurdish identity discourse and new media
2011Co-Authors: Jaffer SheyholislamiAbstract:Discourse, Media, and Nation Kurdish Identity Kurdish Media: From Print to Facebook Discourse Practices of Kurdistan TV (KTV) Textual Analysis of KTV Discourse Practices of Kurdish Internet Textual Analysis of Kurdish Internet Discussion and Conclusion
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Identity, language, and new media: the Kurdish case
Language Policy, 2010Co-Authors: Jaffer SheyholislamiAbstract:This paper draws on theories that describe interrelationships between identity, language and the media to investigate how the Kurds utilise two forms of electronic media—satellite television and the Internet—to construct their identities. The data for this study is generated from four sources: a Kurdish satellite television channel (Kurdistan TV), a variety of Kurdish Internet sites, literature reflecting on the place of the new media among the Kurds, and informal interviews and personal communications with Kurdish media producers and audiences. Strategies including participant observation and online ethnography have been used to select data. Data analysis is informed by a critical discourse analytic approach that calls for examination of data at three levels: discourse practices, text, and socio-cultural contexts (Fairclough in Media discourse. Arnold, London, 1995 ). Findings suggest that the Kurdish language is held as one of the most important and salient manifestations of Kurdish identity. Satellite television and the Internet have magnified the symbolic role of the Kurdish language in defining Kurdishness. In addition, these new media have enabled Kurds from different regions and all walks of life to share and discuss cultural, social and political ideas and issues publicly and dialogically, and to construct and reconstruct their identities discursively with relative freedom and ease. The study also underlines significant differences between these two forms of new media in relation to identity construction and language use. Whereas satellite television seems to foster mutual intelligibility among the speakers of different Kurdish varieties the Internet tends to further diversify the language across alphabet and regional lines.
