Labor Market Policy

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Anders Forslund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • What active Labor Market Policy works in a recession
    Economic and Policy Review, 2011
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Peter Fredriksson, Johan Vikström
    Abstract:

    This paper discusses the case for expanding active Labor Market Policy in recession. We find that there is reasonable case for relying more heavily on certain kinds of programs. The argument is tied to the varying size of the lock-in effect in boom and recession. If programs with relatively large lock-in effects should ever be used, they should be used in a downturn. The reason is simply that the cost of forgoing search time is lower in recession. We also provide new evidence on the relative effectiveness of different kinds of programs over the business cycle. In particular we compare an on-the-job training scheme with (traditional) Labor Market training. We find that Labor Market training is relatively more effective in recession. This result is consistent with our priors since Labor Market training features relative large lock-in effects.

  • what active Labor Market Policy works in a recession
    Economic and Policy Review, 2011
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Peter Fredriksson, Johan Vikström
    Abstract:

    This paper discusses the case for expanding active Labor Market Policy in recession. We find that there is a reasonable case for relying more heavily on certain kinds of programs. The argument is tied to the varying size of the lock-in effect in boom and recession. If programs with relatively large lock-in effects are ever to be used, they should be used in a downturn. The reason is simply that the cost of forgoing search time is lower in a recession. We also provide new evidence on the relative effectiveness of different kinds of programs over the business cycle. In particular, we compare an on-the-job training scheme with (traditional) Labor Market training. We find that Labor Market training is relatively more effective in recession. This result is consistent with our priors since Labor Market training features relatively large lock-in effects.

  • an evaluation of the swedish active Labor Market Policy new and received wisdom
    NBER Chapters, 1997
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Alan B Krueger
    Abstract:

    About 3% of GNP is spent on government Labor Market programs in Sweden, compared to 2% in Germany and less than 0.5% in the U.S. In Sweden these programs include extensive job training, public sector relief work, recruitment subsidies, youth programs, mobility bonuses, and unemployment benefits. Using county-level data, we provide new evidence that public relief workers displace other workers, especially in the construction sector. Our review of the previous literature suggests that job training programs have small effects on wages and re-employment in Sweden, but precise inferences are difficult because of small sample sizes. We also investigate alternative reasons for the stability of the Beveridge Curve in Sweden, and compare regional evolutions of employment and unemployment in Sweden and the U.S. Lastly, we present cross-country analysis for 1993 which, contrary to studies that use earlier data, shows that the extent of a country's active Labor Market programs is positively associated with the national unemployment rate.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

  • an evaluation of the swedish active Labor Market Policy new and received wisdom
    National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Alan B Krueger
    Abstract:

    About 3% of GNP is spent on government Labor Market programs in Sweden, compared to 2% in Germany and less than 0.5% in the U.S. In Sweden these programs include extensive job training, public sector relief work, recruitment subsidies, youth programs, mobility bonuses, and unemployment benefits. Using county-level data, we provide new evidence that public relief workers displace other workers, especially in the construction sector. Our review of the previous literature suggests that job training programs have small effects on wages and re-employment in Sweden, but precise inferences are difficult because of small sample sizes. We also investigate alternative reasons for the stability of the Beveridge Curve in Sweden, and compare regional evolutions of employment and unemployment in Sweden and the U.S. Lastly, we present cross-country analysis for 1993 which, contrary to studies that use earlier data, shows that the extent of a country's active Labor Market programs is positively associated with the national unemployment rate.

Alan B Krueger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an evaluation of the swedish active Labor Market Policy new and received wisdom
    NBER Chapters, 1997
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Alan B Krueger
    Abstract:

    About 3% of GNP is spent on government Labor Market programs in Sweden, compared to 2% in Germany and less than 0.5% in the U.S. In Sweden these programs include extensive job training, public sector relief work, recruitment subsidies, youth programs, mobility bonuses, and unemployment benefits. Using county-level data, we provide new evidence that public relief workers displace other workers, especially in the construction sector. Our review of the previous literature suggests that job training programs have small effects on wages and re-employment in Sweden, but precise inferences are difficult because of small sample sizes. We also investigate alternative reasons for the stability of the Beveridge Curve in Sweden, and compare regional evolutions of employment and unemployment in Sweden and the U.S. Lastly, we present cross-country analysis for 1993 which, contrary to studies that use earlier data, shows that the extent of a country's active Labor Market programs is positively associated with the national unemployment rate.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

  • an evaluation of the swedish active Labor Market Policy new and received wisdom
    National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Alan B Krueger
    Abstract:

    About 3% of GNP is spent on government Labor Market programs in Sweden, compared to 2% in Germany and less than 0.5% in the U.S. In Sweden these programs include extensive job training, public sector relief work, recruitment subsidies, youth programs, mobility bonuses, and unemployment benefits. Using county-level data, we provide new evidence that public relief workers displace other workers, especially in the construction sector. Our review of the previous literature suggests that job training programs have small effects on wages and re-employment in Sweden, but precise inferences are difficult because of small sample sizes. We also investigate alternative reasons for the stability of the Beveridge Curve in Sweden, and compare regional evolutions of employment and unemployment in Sweden and the U.S. Lastly, we present cross-country analysis for 1993 which, contrary to studies that use earlier data, shows that the extent of a country's active Labor Market programs is positively associated with the national unemployment rate.

Peter Fredriksson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • What active Labor Market Policy works in a recession
    Economic and Policy Review, 2011
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Peter Fredriksson, Johan Vikström
    Abstract:

    This paper discusses the case for expanding active Labor Market Policy in recession. We find that there is reasonable case for relying more heavily on certain kinds of programs. The argument is tied to the varying size of the lock-in effect in boom and recession. If programs with relatively large lock-in effects should ever be used, they should be used in a downturn. The reason is simply that the cost of forgoing search time is lower in recession. We also provide new evidence on the relative effectiveness of different kinds of programs over the business cycle. In particular we compare an on-the-job training scheme with (traditional) Labor Market training. We find that Labor Market training is relatively more effective in recession. This result is consistent with our priors since Labor Market training features relative large lock-in effects.

  • what active Labor Market Policy works in a recession
    Economic and Policy Review, 2011
    Co-Authors: Anders Forslund, Peter Fredriksson, Johan Vikström
    Abstract:

    This paper discusses the case for expanding active Labor Market Policy in recession. We find that there is a reasonable case for relying more heavily on certain kinds of programs. The argument is tied to the varying size of the lock-in effect in boom and recession. If programs with relatively large lock-in effects are ever to be used, they should be used in a downturn. The reason is simply that the cost of forgoing search time is lower in a recession. We also provide new evidence on the relative effectiveness of different kinds of programs over the business cycle. In particular, we compare an on-the-job training scheme with (traditional) Labor Market training. We find that Labor Market training is relatively more effective in recession. This result is consistent with our priors since Labor Market training features relatively large lock-in effects.

  • the dynamics of regional Labor Markets and active Labor Market Policy swedish evidence
    Oxford Economic Papers - New Series, 1999
    Co-Authors: Peter Fredriksson
    Abstract:

    This paper analyses the repercussions of region-specific shocks to Labor demand. Active Labor Market programs have been targeted at high unemployment regions in Sweden, a fact that should influence the regional adjustment process. Fears have been expressed that some of the programs may have adverse effects on adjustment by, for instance, locking-in displaced workers in depressed regions. The empirical results indicate that Swedish regional adjustment has been comparatively rapid; Labor mobility in response to shocks, for instance, appears to be high by European standards. On the whole, Labor Market programs do not seem to have impeded regional adjustment substantially. Copyright 1999 by Royal Economic Society.

  • the dynamics of regional Labor Markets and active Labor Market Policy swedish evidence
    Oxford Economic Papers - New Series, 1999
    Co-Authors: Peter Fredriksson
    Abstract:

    This paper analyses the repercussions of region-specific shocks to Labor demand. Active Labor Market programs have been targeted at high unemployment regions in Sweden, a faa that should influence the regional adjustment process. Fears have been expressed

Bo Rothstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Institutional Choices and Labor Market Policy A British-Swedish Comparison
    Comparative Political Studies, 1993
    Co-Authors: Desmond King, Bo Rothstein
    Abstract:

    Focusing on employment exchange systems, the authors explain how early Labor Market institutions established by British and Swedish governments affected the possibilities for subsequent Policy. They demonstrate how the way in which Labor exchanges were implemented in Britain and Sweden limited and facilitated, respectively, active Labor Market Policy after 1945. The absence of institutional legitimacy in the legacy of the British Labor exchange system contrasts with the legitimacy achieved by the Swedish system. The authors identify the reasons for this comparative pattern and analyze its significance.

Lawrence M. Kahn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Labor Market Policy a comparative view on the costs and benefits of Labor Market flexibility
    Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2012
    Co-Authors: Lawrence M. Kahn
    Abstract:

    I review theories and evidence on wage-setting institutions and Labor Market policies in an international comparative context. These include collective bargaining, minimum wages, employment protection laws, unemployment insurance (UI), mandated parental leave, and active Labor Market policies (ALMPs). Since it is unlikely that an unregulated private sector would provide the income insurance these institutions do, these policies may enhance economic efficiency. However, to the extent that unemployment or resource misallocation results from such measures, these efficiency gains may be offset. Overall, Scandinavia and Central Europe follow distinctively more interventionist policies than the English-speaking countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Possible explanations for such differences include vulnerability to external Market forces and ethnic homogeneity. I then review evidence on the impacts of these policies and institutions. While the interventionist model appears to cause lower levels of wage inequality and high levels of job security to incumbent workers, it also in some cases leads to the relegation of new entrants (disproportionately women, youth, and immigrants) as well as the less skilled to temporary jobs or unemployment. Making Labor Markets more flexible could bring these groups into the regular Labor Market to a greater extent, at the expense of higher levels of economic insecurity for incumbents and higher levels of wage inequality. © 2011 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.

  • Labor Market Policy: A Comparative View on the Costs and Benefits of Labor Market Flexibility
    Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2011
    Co-Authors: Lawrence M. Kahn
    Abstract:

    I review theories and evidence on Labor Market policies and institutions in an international context. These include collective bargaining, minimum wages, employment protection laws, unemployment insurance (UI), mandated parental leave, and active Labor Market policies. Scandinavia and Central Europe follow more interventionist policies than Canada, the UK and the US. Vulnerability to external Market forces and ethnic homogeneity may explain such differences. While the interventionist model appears to reduce wage inequality and raise job security for incumbent workers, it also often relegates new entrants (disproportionately women, youth and immigrants) and the less skilled to temporary jobs or unemployment.

  • Labor Market Policy a comparative view on the costs and benefits of Labor Market flexibility
    2010
    Co-Authors: Lawrence M. Kahn
    Abstract:

    I review theories and evidence on wage-setting institutions and Labor Market policies in an international comparative context. These include collective bargaining, minimum wages, employment protection laws, unemployment insurance (UI), mandated parental leave, and active Labor Market policies (ALMPs). Since it is unlikely that an unregulated private sector would provide the income insurance these institutions do, these policies may enhance economic efficiency. However, to the extent that unemployment or resource misallocation results from such measures, these efficiency gains may be offset. Overall, Scandinavia and Central Europe follow distinctively more interventionist policies than the English speaking countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Possible explanations for such differences include vulnerability to external Market forces and ethnic homogeneity. I then review evidence on the impacts of these policies and institutions. While the interventionist model appears to cause lower levels of wage inequality and high levels of job security to incumbent workers, it also in some cases leads to the relegation of new entrants (disproportionately women, youth and immigrants) as well as the less skilled to temporary jobs or unemployment. Making Labor Markets more flexible could bring these groups into the regular Labor Market to a greater extent, at the expense of higher levels of economic insecurity for incumbents and higher levels of wage inequality. The Danish model of loosening employment protections while providing relatively generous UI benefits with strict job search requirements holds out the possibility of reducing barriers for new entrants and the less skilled while maintaining some level of income insurance.