Lamium Album

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Korosh Khanaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • urtica dioica and Lamium Album decrease glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta and increase k ras in diabetic rats
    Journal of Pharmacopuncture, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mahmood Abedinzade, Mohammad Rostampour, Ebrahim Mirzajani, Zahra Bostani Khalesi, Tahere Pourmirzaee, Korosh Khanaki
    Abstract:

    Objectives The aim of the present work is evaluating the special effects of Urtica Dioica and Lamium Album on the serum level of K-Ras and GSK-3 beta in diabetic rats. Methods In the present experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 4 groups (Group I: normal control rats; receiving daily PBS, Group 2: diabetic control rats; receiving single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) and daily PBS, Group 3: Diabetic rats treated with 100 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of the U. dioica, Group 4: Diabetic rats treated with 100 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of L. Album. Diabetes-induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/ kg). On the 14 th day of treatment, the weight, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and on 28 th day blood glucose, K-Ras and GSK3 beta was measured. Results In diabetic group blood GSK-3 beta increase in comparison to control group (P < 0.05), also blood K-Ras decrease in the diabetic group (P < 0.05). Both extracts reduced GSK-3 beta level, however, this reduction was only statistically significant by U. dioica (P < 0.05). Compared to diabetic group, blood K-Ras level increased by both extract (P < 0.05). Also diabetes induction increase blood glucose levels and both extracts decrease its level significantly (P < 0.05). there is no significant differences among both extract effects on blood glucose, and K-Ras. Conclusion For the first time shown that both extracts by regulating GSK-3 beta and K-Ras improve blood glucose level. More studies are needed to determine all the effects of these herbs.

  • the effects of urtica dioica and Lamium Album extracts on the expression level of cyclooxygenase 2 and caspase 3 in the liver and kidney of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
    Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019
    Co-Authors: Korosh Khanaki, Mahmood Abedinzade, Masoud Hamidi
    Abstract:

    Background: Diabetes seems to be associated with increased inflammation and induced apoptosis in several tissues. Urtica dioica and Lamium Album have shown to possess a variety of beneficial properties like anti-inflammatory effects. In this experimental study, we tried to evaluate the effects of U. dioica and L. Album extracts on the expression level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2; as an inflammation marker) and caspase-3 (CASP-3; as an apoptotic marker) in the liver and kidney tissues of diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic treated with U. dioica (100 mg/kg/daily), and diabetic treated with L. Album (100 mg/kg/daily) for 28 days. At the end of the study, liver and kidney tissues were harvested and mRNA expression level of COX-2 and CASP-3 was determined by real-time PCR technique. Also, serum glucose was measured. Results: Liver COX-2 mRNA in diabetic rats was significantly higher than normal control rats (P=0.02). However, U. dioica and L. Album caused significant decrease in mRNA expression of liver COX-2 in diabetic rats (P=0.015 and P=0.03, respectively). Also, in diabetic rats treated with both extracts, serum glucose was remarkably lower than diabetic control rats (P<0.0001 and P<0.01, respectively). Conclusion: It appears that U. dioica and L. Album might decrease liver damage by decreasing the inflammatory effects of COX-2 in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Since these plant extracts may influence diabetes by several mechanisms, further research in this field is warranted.

  • The Effects of Urtica dioica and Lamium Album Extracts on the Expression Level of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Caspase-3 in the Liver and Kidney of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
    Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 2019
    Co-Authors: Korosh Khanaki, Mahmood Abedinzade, Masoud Hamidi
    Abstract:

    Background: Diabetes seems to be associated with increased inflammation and induced apoptosis in several tissues. Urtica dioica and Lamium Album have shown to possess a variety of beneficial properties like anti-inflammatory effects. In this experimental study, we tried to evaluate the effects of U. dioica and L. Album extracts on the expression level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2; as an inflammation marker) and caspase-3 (CASP-3; as an apoptotic marker) in the liver and kidney tissues of diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic treated with U. dioica (100 mg/kg/daily), and diabetic treated with L. Album (100 mg/kg/daily) for 28 days. At the end of the study, liver and kidney tissues were harvested and mRNA expression level of COX-2 and CASP-3 was determined by real-time PCR technique. Also, serum glucose was measured. Results: Liver COX-2 mRNA in diabetic rats was significantly higher than normal control rats (P=0.02). However, U. dioica and L. Album caused significant decrease in mRNA expression of liver COX-2 in diabetic rats (P=0.015 and P=0.03, respectively). Also, in diabetic rats treated with both extracts, serum glucose was remarkably lower than diabetic control rats (P

  • the extract of Lamium Album and urtica dioica increase serum insulin like growth factor 1 level in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
    Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Korosh Khanaki, Mahmood Abedinzade, Moslem Mohammadi
    Abstract:

    Background: Diabetes mellitus is defined by hyperglycemia. Antidiabetic effects of Urtica dioica have been shown. Lamium Album or nonstinging nettle is known to have useful impacts such as antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in diabetic rats given U. dioica and L. Album extracts to distinguish any relationship between IGF-1 level and these plant extracts administration. Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male rats divided into four groups; normal, diabetic, diabetic treated with U. dioica (100 mg/kg/daily), diabetic treated with L. Album (100 mg/kg/daily) for 28 days. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and IGF-1 concentrations were measured. One way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test was used for comparison between groups. In each group, FBS level among different times was compared using repeated measure ANOVA. Analysis was done using SPSS software version 22. Results: FBS level significantly increased in diabetic rats compared with control rats (P < 0.0001) but L. Album and U. dioica decreased this level (P < 0.0001). Serum IGF-1 in diabetic rats was significantly lower than normal control rats (P < 0.0001), however both L. Album and U. dioica caused significant increase in serum IGF-1 in diabetic rats (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.03 respectively) Conclusions: L. Album and U. dioica might increase the level of serum IGF-1 in diabetes; with regard to insulin like activity of IGF-1, this might be viewed as a further support of positive influence of these plant extracts on this disease.

  • Effect of Lamium Album on Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats
    Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 2017
    Co-Authors: Korosh Khanaki, Mahmood Abedinzade, Rouhollah Gazor, Mohammadreza Norasfard, Reza Jafari-shakib
    Abstract:

    Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia. It has been documented that oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Neutrophils as a part of immune system produce ROS, neutrophils function might be altered in diabetes. Lamium Album is known to have antioxidant, and free radical scavenging actions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effect of L. Album on mitochondrial ROS production from circulating neutrophils in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control rats receiving daily saline; diabetic control rats receiving daily saline; and diabetic rats treated daily with hydroalcoholic extract of L. Album (100 mg/kg) for 28 days. On the 28thday of treatment, whole blood samples were obtained and mitochondrial ROS of neutrophils were measured by dihydrorhodamine (DHR) flow cytometric method. Also, fasting blood sugar (FBS) was measured. Results: Mitochondrial ROS didn’t show any significant differences among diabetic rats treated with L. Album extract, diabetic control rats, and normal control rats (P=0.8). Serum glucose in diabetic control was significantly higher than normal control rats (P=0.0001). However, L. Album caused a remarkable decrease in serum glucose of diabetic rats (P=0.03). Conclusion: According to the present findings, it seems that L. Album at a dose of 100 mg/kg could not decrease mitochondrial ROS production from neutrophils in diabetic rats. Further studies considering higher concentrations of L. Album are appreciated to evaluate its impact on the production of mitochondrial ROS along with extracellular ROS in diabetes condition

Cardoso, Susana M. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Antioxidant activities of five Lamiaceae plants
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2013
    Co-Authors: Pereira, Olívia R., Perez, María J., Macias, Rócio I.r., Marín, Jose J.g., Cardoso, Susana M.
    Abstract:

    In the last decades, oxidative stress has been recognized as a key process in the physiopathology of several diseases. Consequently, the search for new antioxidant compounds, as well as new antioxidant sources, has increased exponentially. The Lamiaceae family encloses many plant species which are potential sources of antioxidant compounds. The present study evaluates the antioxidant activity of phenolic enriched extracts of Lamium Album, Leonurus cardiaca, Lavandula dentata, Mentha aquatica and Thymus citriodorus. The antioxidant activity of the hydroethanolic plant extracts was estimated by the in vitro measurement of their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging potential and reducing power assays. Additionally, the protective effects of the extracts against the potassium dichromate (DK)-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells were measured by flow cytometry, after a 48 h treatment period. The two chemical assays indicated that the extracts possess high antioxidant activity with the order of potency M. aquatica > L. Album > L. dentata > T. citriodorus > L. cardiaca. EC50 values ranged from 8.1 to 18.3 μg/mL, and from 51.9 to 94.7 μg/mL for DPPH scavenging and reducing power assays, respectively. Moreover, with the exception of L. cardiaca, at 50 μg/mL, all the extracts induced an effective protection against the DK-induced generation of ROS in HepG2 cells. This protection was approximately 20% and 30%, for DK exposure at 5 and 25μM, respectively. The present data suggest that the herein studied plants can be applied as antioxidant agents

  • Em busca de antioxidantes e agentes hepatoprotetores em plantas
    Escola Superior Agrária Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, 2013
    Co-Authors: Pereira, Olívia R., Perez, María J., Macias, Rócio I.r., Marín, Jose J.g., Cardoso, Susana M.
    Abstract:

    As plantas são usadas desde há séculos pelo Homem devido aos seus efeitos benéficos para a saúde, no entanto na maior parte dos casos, nem a composição química nem o mecanismo associado a cada efeito se encontram descritos. De entre as plantas mediterrânicas mais usadas, podem destacar-se espécies das famílias Lamiaceae e Fabaceae, que são reconhecidas fontes de compostos fenólicos. Dado o largo espetro de efeitos biológicos que são atribuídos a este tipo de compostos, vários estudos têm sido desenvolvidos com vista à sua aplicação na indústria farmacêutica, alimentar e cosmética. Esta apresentação focará alguns dos efeitos biológicos descritos na literatura para plantas das famílias Lamiaceae e Fabaceae, com especial ênfase nos géneros Cytisus, Lamium, Lavandula, Leonurus, Mentha e Thymus. Exemplos dos compostos naturais associados a esses benefícios serão igualmente indicados. Adicionalmente, serão apresentados resultados relativos ao efeito antioxidante e efeito hepatoprotetor de extractos etanólicos obtidos a partir de plantas de espécies dos géneros mencionados e que estão pouco exploradas até ao momento, nomeadamente a Cytisus multiflorus, Lamium Album, Lavandula dentata, Leonurus cardiaca, Mentha aquatica e o Thymus citriodorus. Os resultados mostram que a maior parte dos extratos das plantas estudadas possuem uma elevada capacidade antioxidante, tal como demonstrado em modelos químicos e num modelo biológico. Alguns extratos, em particular os das plantas L. Album e C. multiflorus, demonstraram ainda moderado poder hepatoprotetor. Para além disso, experiências efetuadas com compostos fenólicos puros permitem afirmar que estes efeitos estão intimamente relacionados com o seu conteúdo em compostos fenólicos. Os estudos até à data sugerem que estas plantas podem ter potencial para aplicação industrial. Estudos adicionais, incluindo modelos in vivo, são agora necessários para determinarem essa aplicação

  • Phenylethanoids and isoscutellarein derivatives from Lamium Album L.
    Groupe Polyphenols, 2012
    Co-Authors: Pereira, Olívia R., Domingues M.r.m., Silva Artur, Cardoso, Susana M.
    Abstract:

    Lamium Album L., a plant commonly known as white dead nettle, has been used in folk medicine in the treatment of several ailments. Some of their benefitial properties are closely related to its phenolic content, however the exact polyphenolic composition is far from being understood. In this context, the present work aims to determine the phenolic composition of an ethanolic extract of L. Album using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, electrospray mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The phenolic extract of L. Album was mainly composed by the phenylethanoid verbascoside and its isomer isoverbascoside. Still, it also contained significant amounts of isoscutellarein derivatives, which were herein detected for the first time in the genus Lamium. As isoscutellarein derivatives appear as major components of Lamium Album L., it is feasible that they can be correlated to the beneficial human health properties of this plant

  • Phenolic constituents of Lamium Album: focus on isoscutellarein derivatives
    'Elsevier BV', 2012
    Co-Authors: Pereira, Olívia R., Domingues M.r.m., Silva Artur, Cardoso, Susana M.
    Abstract:

    Lamium Album L. is an edible plant which is consumed raw or cooked, in particular in the Mediterranean and surrounding areas. It is also consumed as tea infusions and as a main component of food supplements, because of its pharmacological effects. Despite being consumed by humans for centuries, the chemical composition of L Album L is far from being understood. In this study, a purified ethanolic extract (PEEL) was prepared and further analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and electrospray mass spectrometry. Overall, verbascoside accounted for approximately half of the phenolic content of the extract, but this also contained other bioactive phenolic compounds herein detected for the first time in the genus, namely isoscutellarein derivatives. The latter included isoscutellarein-7-O-allosyl(1 -> 2)glucoside, its O-methyl derivative, three acetyl derivatives of isoscutellarein-O-allosyl glucoside and one acetylated form of O-methylisoscutellarein-7-O-allosyl(1 -> 2)glucoside. From those, the main isoscutellarein derivative was assigned to isoscutellarein-7-O-(6-O-acetyl-beta-allosyl)(1 -> 2)-beta-glucoside, as confirmed by NMR. Altogether, isoscutellarein derivatives accounted for almost 30% of PEEL phenolics. Since verbascoside and isoscutellarein derivatives are main components of L Album L ethanolic extract, their possible association to the health benefits of the plant is discussed

  • Novel flavones in Lamium L. genus
    Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 2012
    Co-Authors: Pereira, Olívia R., Domingues M.r.m., Silva Artur, Cardoso, Susana M.
    Abstract:

    The main aim of this work is to determine the phenolic composition of a Lamium Album L. purified extract, in order to contribute for the chemical characterization of this plant. Moreover, it also intends to emphasize its antioxidant properties. As established by HPLC-DAD and ESI-MSn combined analysis, verbascoside was the major phenolic constituent of Lamium Album L. purified extract, as previously described by other authors [1]. Still, we could also detect, for the first time in Lamium genus, significant amounts of isobervascoside and of isoscutellarein derivatives. As confirmed by NMR analysis, the major isoscutellarein derivative in Lamium Album L. purified extract was the isoscutellarein-7-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-allosyl)(1→2)-β-glucoside, but isoscutellarein-7-O-allosyl(1→2)glucoside and of O-methyl derivatives of these two compounds were also present in considerable amounts. Aditionally, the extract showed good antioxidant activities in in vitro experiments. Overall, the present study contributes for the chemical and biological characterization of L. Album L

Susana M Cardoso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • protective effects of phenolic constituents from cytisus multiflorus Lamium Album l and thymus citriodorus on liver cells
    Journal of Functional Foods, 2013
    Co-Authors: Olivia R Pereira, Rocio I R Macias, Maria J Perez, Jose J G Marin, Susana M Cardoso
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study investigated the antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of purified ethanolic extracts of Cytisus multiflorus, Lamium Album L. and Thymus citriodorus plants. These extracts showed high antioxidant activity in DPPH and reducing power assays. Using a model of chemical stress induced by potassium dichromate (DK) in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells, 50 μg/mL of C. multiflorus, L. Album and T. citriodorus extracts decreased the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by 35%, 26% and 20%, respectively, when exposed to 25 μM of DK. This effect was also observed for the treatment of cells with individual polyphenolic compounds determined in the extracts, or with mixtures prepared with individual polyphenolic compounds simulating the phenolic composition of the extracts. Additionally, the purified ethanolic extracts and the prepared polyphenolic mixtures showed a cytoprotective effect against DK-induced toxicity. The overall results emphasize the contribution of polyphenols in antioxidant and cytoprotective properties of the studied plants.

  • phenolic constituents of Lamium Album focus on isoscutellarein derivatives
    Food Research International, 2012
    Co-Authors: Olivia R Pereira, M R M Domingues, Artur M S Silva, Susana M Cardoso
    Abstract:

    article i nfo Lamium Album L. is an edible plant which is consumed raw or cooked, in particular in the Mediterranean and sur- rounding areas. It is also consumed as tea infusions and as a main component of food supplements, because of its pharmacological effects. Despite being consumed by humans for centuries, the chemical composition of L. Album L. is far from being understood. In this study, a purified ethanolic extract (PEEL) was prepared and further analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and electrospray mass spectrometry. Overall, verbascoside accounted for approximately half of the phenolic content of the extract, but this also contained other bioactive phenolic com- pounds herein detected for the first time in the genus, namely isoscutellarein derivatives. The latter included isoscutellarein-7-O-allosyl(1 →2)glucoside, its O-methyl derivative, three acetyl derivatives of isoscutellarein-O- allosyl glucoside and one acetylated form of O-methylisoscutellarein-7-O-allosyl(1 →2)glucoside. From those, the main isoscutellarein derivative was assigned to isoscutellarein-7-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-allosyl)(1→2)-β-glucoside, as confirmed by NMR. Altogether, isoscutellarein derivatives accounted for almost 30% of PEEL phenolics. Since verbascoside and isoscutellareinderivativesare main components ofL. AlbumL.ethanolicextract,theirpossibleas- sociation to the health benefits of the plant is discussed.

Pollock C.j. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Partição de assimilados em folhas de Lamium Album L., uma planta herbácea que acumula rafinose: os efeitos da alteração do balanço fonte-dreno
    Sociedade Botânica de São Paulo, 2003
    Co-Authors: Kochhar A., Ap T Rees, Pollock C.j.
    Abstract:

    In Lamium Album, sucrose and raffinose-family oligosaccharides are the major products of photosynthesis that are stored in leaves. Using gas analysis and 14CO2 feeding, we compared photosynthesis and the partitioning of recently-fixed carbon in plants where sink activity was lowered by excision of flowers and chilling of roots with those where sink activity was not modified. Reduction in sink activity led to a reduction in the maximum rate of photosynthesis, to retention of fixed carbon in source leaves and to the progressive accumulation of raffinose-family oligosaccharides. This ultimately affected the extractable activities of invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase. At the end of the light period, invertase activity was significantly higher in treated plants. By contrast sucrose phosphate synthase activity was significantly lower in treated plants. We propose that reducing sink activity in L. Album is associated with a shift in metabolism away from starch and sucrose synthesis and towards sucrose catabolism, galactinol utilisation and the synthesis of raffinose-family oligosaccharides.Em Lamium Album, sacarose e oligossacarídeos da família rafinósica (OFR) são os principais produtos da fotossíntese que são armazenados nas folhas. Utilizando análise de trocas gasosas e fornecimento de 14CO2 foram comparadas a fotossíntese e a partição de carbono recentemente fixado, em plantas nas quais a atividade dreno foi reduzida através da excisão das flores e resfriamento das raízes, com plantas nas quais a intensidade de dreno não foi modificada. A redução da atividade de dreno levou a uma diminuição na taxa máxima de fotossíntese, à retenção de carbono fixado nas folhas fonte e a um acúmulo progressivo dos OFR. Isso afetou as atividades extraíveis de invertase e sacarose fosfato sintase. Ao final do período de luz, a atividade de invertase foi significativamente maior nas plantas tratadas. Em contraste, a atividade de sacarose fosfato sintase foi significativamente menor nas plantas tratadas. Nós propomos que a redução da atividade de dreno em L. Album esteja associada a uma alteração metabólica não relacionada ao metabolismo de síntese de amido e sacarose, mas sim ao catabolismo da sacarose, utilização de galactinol e síntese de OFR

  • Partição de assimilados em folhas de Lamium Album L., uma planta herbácea que acumula rafinose: fotossíntese e partição de carbono ao longo do fotoperíodo
    Sociedade Botânica de São Paulo, 2003
    Co-Authors: Kochhar A., Ap T Rees, Pollock C.j.
    Abstract:

    Lamium Album accumulates starch, sucrose and raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO) as the major products of photosynthesis. These products were measured in leaves throughout a sixteen-hour photoperiod and under various irradiance conditions. There was continuous accumulation of sucrose and starch. The rate of gas exchange was higher at 500 µEm² s-1 and 900 µEm²s-1 than at 300 µEm² s-1. The rate of photosynthesis did not decline over the sixteen-hour photoperiod, which suggested that there was no short-term feed back inhibition due to sucrose accumulation in this plant. When the products of photosynthesis were compared at the end of the photoperiod, only sucrose increased in abundance at high irradiance. The RFO pool in leaves was shown to contain raffinose, stachyose and verbascose; galactinol was also present. 14CO2 feeding demonstrated that roots and flowers were the major sinks. The middle leaves were major source leaves whilst young leaves acted as both sources and sinks.Lamium Album acumula amido, sacarose e oligossacarídeos da família rafinósica (OFR) como produtos principais da fotossíntese. Estes produtos foram medidos em folhas durante um fotoperíodo de 16 horas e sob várias condições de irradiância. Houve um acúmulo contínuo de sacarose e amido. As taxas de trocas gasosas foram maiores a 500 e 900 µEm-2 s-1 do que a 300 µEm-2 s-1. A taxa de fotossíntese não declinou durante o fotoperíodo de 16 horas, o que sugere que não existe um mecanismo inibitório de retroalimentação de curto prazo devido ao acúmulo de sacarose nesta planta. Quando os produtos da fotossíntese foram comparados ao final do fotoperíodo, apenas a sacarose aumentou em abundância em alta irradiação. Os OFR foram analisados e são compostos por rafinose, estaquiose e verbascose; galactinol também esteve presente. O fornecimento de 14CO2 demonstrou que raízes e flores foram os principais drenos. As folhas do meio foram as principais fontes enquanto folhas jovens atuaram como fonte e dreno ao mesmo tempo

Ap T Rees - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • assimilate partitioning in leaves of the raffinose storing herb Lamium Album l photosynthesis and carbon partitioning throughout the photoperiod
    Brazilian Journal of Botany, 2003
    Co-Authors: A Kochhar, Ap T Rees, C J Pollock
    Abstract:

    Lamium Album accumulates starch, sucrose and raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO) as the major products of photosynthesis. These products were measured in leaves throughout a sixteen-hour photoperiod and under various irradiance conditions. There was continuous accumulation of sucrose and starch. The rate of gas exchange was higher at 500 µEm2 s-1 and 900 µEm2s-1 than at 300 µEm2 s-1. The rate of photosynthesis did not decline over the sixteen-hour photoperiod, which suggested that there was no short-term feed back inhibition due to sucrose accumulation in this plant. When the products of photosynthesis were compared at the end of the photoperiod, only sucrose increased in abundance at high irradiance. The RFO pool in leaves was shown to contain raffinose, stachyose and verbascose; galactinol was also present. 14CO2 feeding demonstrated that roots and flowers were the major sinks. The middle leaves were major source leaves whilst young leaves acted as both sources and sinks.

  • assimilate partitioning in leaves of the raffinose storing herb Lamium Album l the effects of altering source sink balance
    Brazilian Journal of Botany, 2003
    Co-Authors: A Kochhar, Ap T Rees, C J Pollock
    Abstract:

    In Lamium Album, sucrose and raffinose-family oligosaccharides are the major products of photosynthesis that are stored in leaves. Using gas analysis and 14CO2 feeding, we compared photosynthesis and the partitioning of recently-fixed carbon in plants where sink activity was lowered by excision of flowers and chilling of roots with those where sink activity was not modified. Reduction in sink activity led to a reduction in the maximum rate of photosynthesis, to retention of fixed carbon in source leaves and to the progressive accumulation of raffinose-family oligosaccharides. This ultimately affected the extractable activities of invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase. At the end of the light period, invertase activity was significantly higher in treated plants. By contrast sucrose phosphate synthase activity was significantly lower in treated plants. We propose that reducing sink activity in L. Album is associated with a shift in metabolism away from starch and sucrose synthesis and towards sucrose catabolism, galactinol utilisation and the synthesis of raffinose-family oligosaccharides.

  • Partição de assimilados em folhas de Lamium Album L., uma planta herbácea que acumula rafinose: os efeitos da alteração do balanço fonte-dreno
    Sociedade Botânica de São Paulo, 2003
    Co-Authors: Kochhar A., Ap T Rees, Pollock C.j.
    Abstract:

    In Lamium Album, sucrose and raffinose-family oligosaccharides are the major products of photosynthesis that are stored in leaves. Using gas analysis and 14CO2 feeding, we compared photosynthesis and the partitioning of recently-fixed carbon in plants where sink activity was lowered by excision of flowers and chilling of roots with those where sink activity was not modified. Reduction in sink activity led to a reduction in the maximum rate of photosynthesis, to retention of fixed carbon in source leaves and to the progressive accumulation of raffinose-family oligosaccharides. This ultimately affected the extractable activities of invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase. At the end of the light period, invertase activity was significantly higher in treated plants. By contrast sucrose phosphate synthase activity was significantly lower in treated plants. We propose that reducing sink activity in L. Album is associated with a shift in metabolism away from starch and sucrose synthesis and towards sucrose catabolism, galactinol utilisation and the synthesis of raffinose-family oligosaccharides.Em Lamium Album, sacarose e oligossacarídeos da família rafinósica (OFR) são os principais produtos da fotossíntese que são armazenados nas folhas. Utilizando análise de trocas gasosas e fornecimento de 14CO2 foram comparadas a fotossíntese e a partição de carbono recentemente fixado, em plantas nas quais a atividade dreno foi reduzida através da excisão das flores e resfriamento das raízes, com plantas nas quais a intensidade de dreno não foi modificada. A redução da atividade de dreno levou a uma diminuição na taxa máxima de fotossíntese, à retenção de carbono fixado nas folhas fonte e a um acúmulo progressivo dos OFR. Isso afetou as atividades extraíveis de invertase e sacarose fosfato sintase. Ao final do período de luz, a atividade de invertase foi significativamente maior nas plantas tratadas. Em contraste, a atividade de sacarose fosfato sintase foi significativamente menor nas plantas tratadas. Nós propomos que a redução da atividade de dreno em L. Album esteja associada a uma alteração metabólica não relacionada ao metabolismo de síntese de amido e sacarose, mas sim ao catabolismo da sacarose, utilização de galactinol e síntese de OFR

  • Partição de assimilados em folhas de Lamium Album L., uma planta herbácea que acumula rafinose: fotossíntese e partição de carbono ao longo do fotoperíodo
    Sociedade Botânica de São Paulo, 2003
    Co-Authors: Kochhar A., Ap T Rees, Pollock C.j.
    Abstract:

    Lamium Album accumulates starch, sucrose and raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO) as the major products of photosynthesis. These products were measured in leaves throughout a sixteen-hour photoperiod and under various irradiance conditions. There was continuous accumulation of sucrose and starch. The rate of gas exchange was higher at 500 µEm² s-1 and 900 µEm²s-1 than at 300 µEm² s-1. The rate of photosynthesis did not decline over the sixteen-hour photoperiod, which suggested that there was no short-term feed back inhibition due to sucrose accumulation in this plant. When the products of photosynthesis were compared at the end of the photoperiod, only sucrose increased in abundance at high irradiance. The RFO pool in leaves was shown to contain raffinose, stachyose and verbascose; galactinol was also present. 14CO2 feeding demonstrated that roots and flowers were the major sinks. The middle leaves were major source leaves whilst young leaves acted as both sources and sinks.Lamium Album acumula amido, sacarose e oligossacarídeos da família rafinósica (OFR) como produtos principais da fotossíntese. Estes produtos foram medidos em folhas durante um fotoperíodo de 16 horas e sob várias condições de irradiância. Houve um acúmulo contínuo de sacarose e amido. As taxas de trocas gasosas foram maiores a 500 e 900 µEm-2 s-1 do que a 300 µEm-2 s-1. A taxa de fotossíntese não declinou durante o fotoperíodo de 16 horas, o que sugere que não existe um mecanismo inibitório de retroalimentação de curto prazo devido ao acúmulo de sacarose nesta planta. Quando os produtos da fotossíntese foram comparados ao final do fotoperíodo, apenas a sacarose aumentou em abundância em alta irradiação. Os OFR foram analisados e são compostos por rafinose, estaquiose e verbascose; galactinol também esteve presente. O fornecimento de 14CO2 demonstrou que raízes e flores foram os principais drenos. As folhas do meio foram as principais fontes enquanto folhas jovens atuaram como fonte e dreno ao mesmo tempo

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