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Barbosa, Taciano De Moura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Diversidade e potencial forense de dípteros necrófagos (Faniidae, Muscidae e Sarcophagidae) em ambientes litorâneos de Pernambuco sob diferentes graus de antropização
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015Co-Authors: Barbosa, Taciano De MouraAbstract:Estudos sobre dípteros necrófagos no Brasil têm revelado uma elevada riqueza de espécies associadas à decomposição de carcaças e cadáveres. Entretanto, apesar da extensão região litorânea do Brasil, inventários faunísticos nesses ambientes são negligenciados, bem como a avaliação do potencial de moscas necrófagas como indicadoras de local de morte – uma importante faceta da Entomologia. Este estudo objetivou analisar a diversidade e o potencial forense dos dípteros das famílias Fanniidae, Muscidae e Sarcophagidae em ambientes litorâneos do estado de Pernambuco sob diferentes graus de influência antrópica. As coletas foram realizadas entre julho de 2012 a agosto de 2013 em seis praias, sendo duas expostas a cada nível de impacto humano. As praias selecionadas foram: Pau Amarelo, Piedade (alta antropização), Itamaracá, Serrambi (média antropização), Carne de Vaca e Tamandaré (baixa antropização). Armadilhas suspensas iscadas com 150 g de fígado de frango ou sardinha foram mantidas em campo por 48 horas em cada expedição de coleta. Foram capturados 6.521 adultos pertencentes a 41 espécies. Sarcophagidae foi a família mais abundante com 53,5% dos indivíduos, seguida por Muscidae (36,0%) e Fanniidae 13,6%. Atherigona orientalis, Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma e Fannia pusio foram as espécies mais abundantes de cada família no litoral de Pernambuco. Houve ainda o registro de espécies com potencial forense e sanitário, por causar danos à saúde de animais e de humanos ou auxiliar em questões legais, por exemplo, Musca domestica, Synthesiomyia nudiseta, Sarcodexia lambens e Fannia canicularis. Destaca-se a alta riqueza de sarcofagídeos, com 26 espécies, das quais cinco constituem novos registros para o Nordeste, além do primeiro registro de Peckia (Peckia) villegasi para o Brasil. Em relação ao nível de antropização, praias com menores níveis de ação antrópica concentraram 42,6% dos espécimes. Observou-se um alto número de espécies consideradas sinantrópicas, por exemplo, M. domestica, P. chrysostoma, Ophyra chalcogaster, O. aenescens e F. pusio. As contribuições do estudo fortalecem o conhecimento sobre a riqueza e distribuição de dípteros necrófagos na Região Neotropical e fornecem perspectivas para utilização desse grupo como bioindicadoras da qualidade ambiental
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Diversidade e potencial forense de dípteros necrófagos (Faniidae, Muscidae e Sarcophagidae) em ambientes litorâneos de Pernambuco sob diferentes graus de antropização
Programa de Pos Graduacao em Biologia Animal, 2015Co-Authors: Barbosa, Taciano De MouraAbstract:Estudos sobre dípteros necrófagos no Brasil têm revelado uma elevada riqueza de espécies associadas à decomposição de carcaças e cadáveres. Entretanto, apesar da extensão região litorânea do Brasil, inventários faunísticos nesses ambientes são negligenciados, bem como a avaliação do potencial de moscas necrófagas como indicadoras de local de morte – uma importante faceta da Entomologia. Este estudo objetivou analisar a diversidade e o potencial forense dos dípteros das famílias Fanniidae, Muscidae e Sarcophagidae em ambientes litorâneos do estado de Pernambuco sob diferentes graus de influência antrópica. As coletas foram realizadas entre julho de 2012 a agosto de 2013 em seis praias, sendo duas expostas a cada nível de impacto humano. As praias selecionadas foram: Pau Amarelo, Piedade (alta antropização), Itamaracá, Serrambi (média antropização), Carne de Vaca e Tamandaré (baixa antropização). Armadilhas suspensas iscadas com 150 g de fígado de frango ou sardinha foram mantidas em campo por 48 horas em cada expedição de coleta. Foram capturados 6.521 adultos pertencentes a 41 espécies. Sarcophagidae foi a família mais abundante com 53,5% dos indivíduos, seguida por Muscidae (36,0%) e Fanniidae 13,6%. Atherigona orientalis, Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma e Fannia pusio foram as espécies mais abundantes de cada família no litoral de Pernambuco. Houve ainda o registro de espécies com potencial forense e sanitário, por causar danos à saúde de animais e de humanos ou auxiliar em questões legais, por exemplo, Musca domestica, Synthesiomyia nudiseta, Sarcodexia lambens e Fannia canicularis. Destaca-se a alta riqueza de sarcofagídeos, com 26 espécies, das quais cinco constituem novos registros para o Nordeste, além do primeiro registro de Peckia (Peckia) villegasi para o Brasil. Em relação ao nível de antropização, praias com menores níveis de ação antrópica concentraram 42,6% dos espécimes. Observou-se um alto número de espécies consideradas sinantrópicas, por exemplo, M. domestica, P. chrysostoma, Ophyra chalcogaster, O. aenescens e F. pusio. As contribuições do estudo fortalecem o conhecimento sobre a riqueza e distribuição de dípteros necrófagos na Região Neotropical e fornecem perspectivas para utilização desse grupo como bioindicadoras da qualidade ambiental.FACEPEStudies on necrophagous dipterans in Brazil have revealed a high richness of species associated with decomposing carcasses and cadavers. However, despite the extension of the coastal region in Brazil, faunistic surveys in those environments are neglected, as well as the assessment of the potential of necrophagous flies as indicators of site of death – an important aspect of Forensic Entomology. This study aimed at analyzing the diversity and the forensic potential of dipterans from the families Fanniidae, Muscidae and Sarcophagidae in coastal environments in the State of Pernambuco under different degrees of anthropogenic influence. Samplings were performed between July 2012 and August 2013 in six beaches, two of each exposed to a different human impact. The beaches selected were Pau Amarelo, Piedade (high impact), Itamaracá, Serrambi (intermediate impact), Carne de Vaca and Tamandaré (low impact). Suspended traps baited with 150 g of chicken liver and or sardine were kept in the field for 48 h in each sampling expedition. 6,521 adults from 41 species were collected. Sarcophagidae was the most abundant Family with 53.5% specimens, followed by Muscidae (36.0%) and Fanniidae 13.6%. Atherigona orientalis, Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma and Fannia pusio were the most abundant species of each family in the littoral of Pernambuco. Also, species of forensic and sanitary relevance were registered, as they cause damage to the health of humans and other animals or for their use in legal procedures, such as Musca domestica, Synthesiomyia nudiseta, Sarcodexia lambens and Fannia canicularis. Of particular importance is the high richness of flesh flies, with 26 species, of which five are new registers for the Northeastern Region and Peckia (Peckia) villegasi is first reported in Brazil. Regarding the level of anthropogenic influence, beaches with lower impact comprised 42.6% of all individuals. A high number of synanthropic species was related, as it is the case of M. domestica, P. chrysostoma, Ophyra chalcogaster, O. aenescens and F. pusio. The contribution from this study strengthens the knowledge on the richness and distribution of necrophagous dipterans in the Neotropical Region and offers some perspective on the use of those insects as bioindicators of environmental quality
Pamela S. Soltis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Resolving basal lamiid phylogeny and the circumscription of Icacinaceae with a plastome-scale data set.
American journal of botany, 2015Co-Authors: Gregory W. Stull, Rodrigo Duno De Stefano, Pamela S. SoltisAbstract:3 PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Major relationships within Lamiidae , an asterid clade with ~40 000 species, have largely eluded resolution despite two decades of intensive study. The phylogenetic positions of Icacinaceae and other early-diverging lamiid clades (Garryales, Metteniusaceae, and Oncothecaceae) have been particularly problematic, hindering classifi cation and impeding our understanding of early lamiid (and euasterid) character evolution. METHODS: To resolve basal lamiid phylogeny, we sequenced 50 plastid genomes using the Illumina sequencing platform and combined these with avail- able asterid plastome sequence data for more comprehensive phylogenetic analyses. KEY RESULTS: Our analyses resolved basal lamiid relationships with strong support, including the circumscription and phylogenetic position of the enig- matic Icacinaceae. This greatly improved basal lamiid phylogeny off ers insight into character evolution and facilitates an updated classifi cation for this clade, which we present here, including phylogenetic defi nitions for 10 new or converted clade names. We also off er recommendations for applying this classifi cation to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) system, including the recognition of a reduced Icacinaceae, an expanded Metteniusaceae, and two orders new to APG: Icacinales (Icacinaceae + Oncothecaceae) and Metteniusales (Metteniusaceae). CONCLUSIONS: The lamiids possibly radiated from an ancestry of tropical trees with inconspicuous fland large, drupaceous fruits, given that these morphological characters are distributed across a grade of lineages (Icacinaceae, Oncothecaceae, Metteniusaceae) subtending the core lamiid clade (Bor- aginales, Gentianales, Lamiales, Solanales, Vahlia ). Furthermore, the presence of similar morphological features among members of Aquifoliales suggests these characters might be ancestral for the Gentianidae (euasterids) as a whole.
Kasumbogo Untung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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RESPONS FUNGSIONAL BURUNG PENTET (Lanius sp.) TERHADAP BELALANG KEMBARA (Locusta migratoria manilensis)
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2009Co-Authors: Siti Astuti, Kasumbogo UntungAbstract:ABSTRACT Thefunctional response of predatory bird, Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae) on migratory locust [Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae)] had been studied under restricted condition. The migratory locusts were reared in the green house. Second and fourth nymph instars along with adult stages of the migratory locust were used in this trial. Maximum feeding and functional response of the predatory bird against the migratory locust were determined. Research protocol used follows Holling s model. Results showed that the maximum feeding of the predatory bird was very high i.e. against 2nd and 4th instars and adult of the locust were 2.75 preys/minute, 0.13 preys/minute, and 0.09 preys/minuterespectively. The relationship between predatory bird and migratory locust fitted with the Holling\u27s type 2functional response. The high feeding rate of the predatory bird revealed that the bird is a promising candidate of biological control agent on migratory locust. Key words: functional response, Lanius sp., Locusta migratoria manilensis INTISARI Penelitian respons fungsional burung predator jenis pentet, Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae) terhadap belalang kembara Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera:Acrididae) telah dilakukan secara terbatas di !aboratorium. Belalang kembara dibiakkan secara massal di rumah kaca. Belalang kembara yang dipakai dalam penelitian adalah nimfa instar 2,4, dan imago umur 1hari setelah ganti kulit. Penelitian antara lain menentukan kemampuan memangsa maksimum dan analisis respons fungsional. Prosedur keIja penelitian mengikuti prosedur model Holling. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan memangsa burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara sangat tinggiterhadap instar 2,4 dan imago masing-masing 2,75 ekor/menit, 0,13 ekor/menit, dan 0,09 ekor/menit. Respons fungsional burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara mengikuti respons fungsional Holling tipe 2. Daya makan yang tinggi menunjukkan bahwa burung pentet berpotensi sebagai agens pengendalian hayati belalang kembara. Kata kunci: Lanius sp., Locusta migratoria manilensis, respons fungsiona
Wagiman F. X. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Respons Fungsional Burung Pentet (Lanius SP.) terhadap Belalang Kembara (Locusta Migratoria Manilensis)
'The Indonesian Phytopathological Society', 2009Co-Authors: Astuti S., Untung K., Wagiman F. X.Abstract:The functional response of predatory bird, Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae) on migratory locust [Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae)] had been studied under restricted condition. The migratory locusts were reared in the green house. Second and fourth nymph instars along with adult stages of the migratory locust were used in this trial. Maximum feeding and functional response of the predatory bird against the migratory locust were determined. Research protocol used follows Holling\u27s model. Results showed that the maximum feeding of the predatory bird was very high i.e. against 2nd and 4th instars and adult of the locust were 2.75 preys/minute, 0.13 preys/minute, and 0.09 preys/minute; respectively. The relationship between predatory bird and migratory locust fitted with the Holling\u27 s type 2 functional response. The high feeding rate of the predatory bird revealed that the bird is a promising candidate of biological control agent on migratory locust. Penelitian respons fungsional burung predator jenis pentet, Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae) terhadap belalang kembara Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) telah dilakukan secara terbatas di laboratorium. Belalang kembara dibiakkan secara massal di rumah kaca. Belalang kembara yang dipakai dalam penelitian adalah nimfa instar 2, 4, dan imago umur 1 hari setelah ganti kulit. Penelitian antara lain menentukan kemampuan memangsa maksimum dan analisis respons fungsional. Prosedur kerja penelitian mengikuti prosedur model Holling. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan memangsa burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara sangat tinggi; terhadap instar 2 , 4 dan imago masing-masing 2,75 ekor/menit, 0,13 ekor/menit, dan 0,09 ekor/menit. Respons fungsional burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara mengikuti respons fungsional Holling tipe 2. Daya makan yang tinggi menunjukkan bahwa burung pentet berpotensi sebagai agens pengendalian hayati belalang kembara
Gregory W. Stull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Resolving basal lamiid phylogeny and the circumscription of Icacinaceae with a plastome-scale data set.
American journal of botany, 2015Co-Authors: Gregory W. Stull, Rodrigo Duno De Stefano, Pamela S. SoltisAbstract:3 PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Major relationships within Lamiidae , an asterid clade with ~40 000 species, have largely eluded resolution despite two decades of intensive study. The phylogenetic positions of Icacinaceae and other early-diverging lamiid clades (Garryales, Metteniusaceae, and Oncothecaceae) have been particularly problematic, hindering classifi cation and impeding our understanding of early lamiid (and euasterid) character evolution. METHODS: To resolve basal lamiid phylogeny, we sequenced 50 plastid genomes using the Illumina sequencing platform and combined these with avail- able asterid plastome sequence data for more comprehensive phylogenetic analyses. KEY RESULTS: Our analyses resolved basal lamiid relationships with strong support, including the circumscription and phylogenetic position of the enig- matic Icacinaceae. This greatly improved basal lamiid phylogeny off ers insight into character evolution and facilitates an updated classifi cation for this clade, which we present here, including phylogenetic defi nitions for 10 new or converted clade names. We also off er recommendations for applying this classifi cation to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) system, including the recognition of a reduced Icacinaceae, an expanded Metteniusaceae, and two orders new to APG: Icacinales (Icacinaceae + Oncothecaceae) and Metteniusales (Metteniusaceae). CONCLUSIONS: The lamiids possibly radiated from an ancestry of tropical trees with inconspicuous fland large, drupaceous fruits, given that these morphological characters are distributed across a grade of lineages (Icacinaceae, Oncothecaceae, Metteniusaceae) subtending the core lamiid clade (Bor- aginales, Gentianales, Lamiales, Solanales, Vahlia ). Furthermore, the presence of similar morphological features among members of Aquifoliales suggests these characters might be ancestral for the Gentianidae (euasterids) as a whole.
