The Experts below are selected from a list of 120756 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R Kleiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hot spots and waves in bi2sr2cacu2o8 intrinsic josephson junction stacks a study by low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy
Physical Review Letters, 2009Co-Authors: Huabing Wang, S Guenon, Jie Yuan, A Iishi, S Arisawa, Takeshi Hatano, T Yamashita, D Koelle, R KleinerAbstract:Recently, it has been shown that large stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 emit synchronous THz radiation, the synchronization presumably triggered by a cavity resonance. To investigate this effect we use low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy to image electric field distributions. We verify the appearance of cavity modes at low bias and in the high input-power regime we find that standing-wave patterns are created through interactions with a hot spot, possibly pointing to a new mode of generating synchronized radiation in intrinsic Josephson junction stacks.
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hot spots and waves in bi 2 sr 2 cacu 2 o 8 intrinsic josephson junction stacks a study by low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy
Physical Review Letters, 2009Co-Authors: Huabing Wang, S Guenon, Jie Yuan, A Iishi, S Arisawa, Takeshi Hatano, T Yamashita, D Koelle, R KleinerAbstract:Recently, it has been shown that large stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 emit synchronous THz radiation, the synchronization presumably triggered by a cavity resonance. To investigate this effect we use low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy to image electric field distributions. We verify the appearance of cavity modes at low bias and in the high input-power regime we find that standing-wave patterns are created through interactions with a hot spot, possibly pointing to a new mode of generating synchronized radiation in intrinsic Josephson junction stacks.
Milind Rajadhyaksha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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use of ex vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy during mohs surgery for nonmelanoma skin cancers
Dermatologic Surgery, 2004Co-Authors: Vinh Q Chung, Gregg M Menaker, Peter J. O'dwyer, Milind Rajadhyaksha, Carlos A. Charles, Kishwer S. Nehal, Brian S JiangAbstract:Background. Ex vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy offers rapid optical reflectance imaging of excised tissue without conventional frozen histopathology that can potentially expedite Mohs surgery. Objective. The objective was to determine the feasibility of using ex vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy during Mohs surgery for detecting residual basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Methods. One-hundred fifteen Stage I Mohs surgery excisions (92 basal cell carcinoma, 23 squamous cell carcinoma) were imaged with acetowhitening and confocal scanning Laser Microscopy and compared to conventional Mohs frozen histologic sections for normal and tumor features. Results. Large aggregates of residual tumor such as nodular basal cell carcinoma were easily detected by ex vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy, whereas smaller tumor foci were not consistently identified. Confocal morphology of tumor subtypes is described. Conclusion. Ex vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy can potentially expedite Mohs surgery in rapidly detecting large nodular basal cell carcinomas without conventional frozen histopathology. Further improvements in instrumentation and image quality are necessary to allow broader application and acceptance of this novel technology in Mohs surgery.
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confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of benign and malignant melanocytic skin lesions in vivo
Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 2001Co-Authors: Richard G Langley, Peter J. O'dwyer, Milind Rajadhyaksha, Arthur J Sober, Thomas J Flotte, Rox R AndersonAbstract:Abstract Background: The ability of physicians for early diagnosis of cutaneous melanomas is less than perfect, prompting research into noninvasive methods for diagnosis. Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate confocal scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) for noninvasive imaging of benign and malignant melanocytic lesions in vivo. Methods: Forty pigmented skin lesions (including adjacent normal skin as control) in vivo were imaged with near-infrared CSLM. The confocal images were correlated to histopathology. Results: Nuclear, cellular, and architectural detail in the epidermis and superficial dermis is imaged with high resolution and contrast. Melanin causes the cytoplasm of pigmented cells to appear bright. Melanocytic nevi had cohesive nests of uniformly circular cells and increased microvascular blood flow. Melanomas had a polymorphous cytologic structure, containing atypical, pleomorphic cells in disarray and irregular dendritic cells. Conclusion: CSLM is capable of identifying distinct patterns and cytologic features of benign and malignant pigmented skin lesions in vivo. CSLM may be useful to noninvasively discriminate benign and malignant lesions in vivo. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;45:365-76.)
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in vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of human skin melanin provides strong contrast
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1995Co-Authors: Milind Rajadhyaksha, Melanie Grossman, Dina Esterowitz, Robert H Webb, Rox R AndersonAbstract:Confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of live human skin was performed to investigate the correlation of in vivo cellular and morphologic features to histology, the effect of wavelength on imaging, and the role of melanin as a contrast agent. We built a video-rate confocal scanning Laser microscope for in viva imaging of human skins. Using a 100 × microscope objective, we imaged high-contrast optical sections's of normal skin, vitiliginous skin, and a compound nevus. In vivo "confocal histology" correlated well with "conventional histology". The maximum imaged with visible 400 -700-nm wavelengths; the superficial papillary dermis and blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) in the deeper capillaries were imaged with the near infrared 800–900-nm wavelengths. For confocal reflectance imaging, melanin provided strong contrast by increased backscattering of light such that the cytoplasm in heavily pigmented cells imaged brightly. In vivo confocal Microscopy potentially offers dermatologists a diagnostic tool that is instant and entirely non-invasive compared to conventional histopathology.
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in vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of human skin melanin provides strong contrast
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1995Co-Authors: Milind Rajadhyaksha, Melanie Grossman, Dina Esterowitz, Robert H Webb, Rox R AndersonAbstract:Confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of live human skin was performed to investigate the correlation of in vivo cellular and morphologic features to histology, the effect of wavelength on imaging, and the role of melanin as a contrast agent. We built a video-rate confocal scanning Laser microscope for in vivo imaging of human skin. Using a 100 x microscope objective, we imaged high-contrast optical "sections" of normal skin, vitiliginous skin, and a compound nevus. In vivo "confocal histology" correlated well with conventional histology. The maximum imaging depth increased with wavelength: the epidermis was imaged with visible 400-700-nm wavelengths; the superficial papillary dermis and blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) in the deeper capillaries were imaged with the near infrared 800-900-nm wavelengths. For confocal reflectance imaging, melanin provided strong contrast by increased backscattering of light such that the cytoplasm in heavily pigmented cells imaged brightly. In vivo confocal Microscopy potentially offers dermatologists a diagnostic tool that is instant and entirely non-invasive compared to conventional histopathology.
Rox R Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of benign and malignant melanocytic skin lesions in vivo
Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology, 2001Co-Authors: Richard G Langley, Peter J. O'dwyer, Milind Rajadhyaksha, Arthur J Sober, Thomas J Flotte, Rox R AndersonAbstract:Abstract Background: The ability of physicians for early diagnosis of cutaneous melanomas is less than perfect, prompting research into noninvasive methods for diagnosis. Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate confocal scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) for noninvasive imaging of benign and malignant melanocytic lesions in vivo. Methods: Forty pigmented skin lesions (including adjacent normal skin as control) in vivo were imaged with near-infrared CSLM. The confocal images were correlated to histopathology. Results: Nuclear, cellular, and architectural detail in the epidermis and superficial dermis is imaged with high resolution and contrast. Melanin causes the cytoplasm of pigmented cells to appear bright. Melanocytic nevi had cohesive nests of uniformly circular cells and increased microvascular blood flow. Melanomas had a polymorphous cytologic structure, containing atypical, pleomorphic cells in disarray and irregular dendritic cells. Conclusion: CSLM is capable of identifying distinct patterns and cytologic features of benign and malignant pigmented skin lesions in vivo. CSLM may be useful to noninvasively discriminate benign and malignant lesions in vivo. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;45:365-76.)
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in vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of human skin melanin provides strong contrast
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1995Co-Authors: Milind Rajadhyaksha, Melanie Grossman, Dina Esterowitz, Robert H Webb, Rox R AndersonAbstract:Confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of live human skin was performed to investigate the correlation of in vivo cellular and morphologic features to histology, the effect of wavelength on imaging, and the role of melanin as a contrast agent. We built a video-rate confocal scanning Laser microscope for in viva imaging of human skins. Using a 100 × microscope objective, we imaged high-contrast optical sections's of normal skin, vitiliginous skin, and a compound nevus. In vivo "confocal histology" correlated well with "conventional histology". The maximum imaged with visible 400 -700-nm wavelengths; the superficial papillary dermis and blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) in the deeper capillaries were imaged with the near infrared 800–900-nm wavelengths. For confocal reflectance imaging, melanin provided strong contrast by increased backscattering of light such that the cytoplasm in heavily pigmented cells imaged brightly. In vivo confocal Microscopy potentially offers dermatologists a diagnostic tool that is instant and entirely non-invasive compared to conventional histopathology.
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in vivo confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of human skin melanin provides strong contrast
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1995Co-Authors: Milind Rajadhyaksha, Melanie Grossman, Dina Esterowitz, Robert H Webb, Rox R AndersonAbstract:Confocal scanning Laser Microscopy of live human skin was performed to investigate the correlation of in vivo cellular and morphologic features to histology, the effect of wavelength on imaging, and the role of melanin as a contrast agent. We built a video-rate confocal scanning Laser microscope for in vivo imaging of human skin. Using a 100 x microscope objective, we imaged high-contrast optical "sections" of normal skin, vitiliginous skin, and a compound nevus. In vivo "confocal histology" correlated well with conventional histology. The maximum imaging depth increased with wavelength: the epidermis was imaged with visible 400-700-nm wavelengths; the superficial papillary dermis and blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) in the deeper capillaries were imaged with the near infrared 800-900-nm wavelengths. For confocal reflectance imaging, melanin provided strong contrast by increased backscattering of light such that the cytoplasm in heavily pigmented cells imaged brightly. In vivo confocal Microscopy potentially offers dermatologists a diagnostic tool that is instant and entirely non-invasive compared to conventional histopathology.
Huabing Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hot spots and waves in bi2sr2cacu2o8 intrinsic josephson junction stacks a study by low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy
Physical Review Letters, 2009Co-Authors: Huabing Wang, S Guenon, Jie Yuan, A Iishi, S Arisawa, Takeshi Hatano, T Yamashita, D Koelle, R KleinerAbstract:Recently, it has been shown that large stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 emit synchronous THz radiation, the synchronization presumably triggered by a cavity resonance. To investigate this effect we use low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy to image electric field distributions. We verify the appearance of cavity modes at low bias and in the high input-power regime we find that standing-wave patterns are created through interactions with a hot spot, possibly pointing to a new mode of generating synchronized radiation in intrinsic Josephson junction stacks.
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hot spots and waves in bi 2 sr 2 cacu 2 o 8 intrinsic josephson junction stacks a study by low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy
Physical Review Letters, 2009Co-Authors: Huabing Wang, S Guenon, Jie Yuan, A Iishi, S Arisawa, Takeshi Hatano, T Yamashita, D Koelle, R KleinerAbstract:Recently, it has been shown that large stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 emit synchronous THz radiation, the synchronization presumably triggered by a cavity resonance. To investigate this effect we use low temperature scanning Laser Microscopy to image electric field distributions. We verify the appearance of cavity modes at low bias and in the high input-power regime we find that standing-wave patterns are created through interactions with a hot spot, possibly pointing to a new mode of generating synchronized radiation in intrinsic Josephson junction stacks.
Paul J Campagnola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optical properties of mutant versus wild type mouse skin measured by reflectance mode confocal scanning Laser Microscopy rcslm
Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2008Co-Authors: Ravikant Samatham, Steven L Jacques, Paul J CampagnolaAbstract:Separation of the two optical scattering properties, the scat- tering coefficient s and the anisotropy of scattering g, has been experimentally difficult in tissues. A new method for measuring these properties in tissues uses reflectance-mode confocal scanning Laser Microscopy rCSLM. Experimentally, the focus at depth z is scanned down into the tissue. The measured data is the exponential decay of the confocal reflectance signal as a function of the depth of the focal volume, Rz= expz, summarized as a local reflectivity and an exponential decay constant . The and map uniquely into the s and g of the tissue. The method was applied to three mouse skin tissues: one wild-type wt/wt, one heterozygous mutant oim/ wt, and one homozygous mutant oim/oim, where oim indicates the mutation for osteogenesis imperfecta, a bone disease that affects type I collagen structure. The mutation affects the collagen fibrils of the skin and the assembly of collagen fiber bundles. The anisotropy of scattering g at 488 nm wavelength decreased from 0.81 to 0.46 with the added mutant allele. There was a slight increase in the scattering coefficient s with the mutation from 74 to 94 cm 1 . The decrease in g toward more isotropic scattering is likely due to the failure of the mutant fibrils to assemble into the larger collagen fiber bundles that yield forward scattering. © 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. DOI: 10.1117/1.2953195
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optical properties of mutant versus wild type mouse skin measured by reflectance mode confocal scanning Laser Microscopy rcslm
Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2008Co-Authors: Ravikant Samatham, Steven L Jacques, Paul J CampagnolaAbstract:Separation of the two optical scattering properties, the scattering coefficient (mu(s)) and the anisotropy of scattering (g), has been experimentally difficult in tissues. A new method for measuring these properties in tissues uses reflectance-mode confocal scanning Laser Microscopy (rCSLM). Experimentally, the focus at depth z is scanned down into the tissue. The measured data is the exponential decay of the confocal reflectance signal as a function of the depth of the focal volume, R(z)=rho exp(-muz), summarized as a local reflectivity (rho) and an exponential decay constant (mu). The rho and mu map uniquely into the mu(s) and g of the tissue. The method was applied to three mouse skin tissues: one wild-type (wt/wt), one heterozygous mutant (oim/wt), and one homozygous mutant (oim/oim), where oim indicates the mutation for osteogenesis imperfecta, a bone disease that affects type I collagen structure. The mutation affects the collagen fibrils of the skin and the assembly of collagen fiber bundles. The anisotropy of scattering (g) at 488 nm wavelength decreased from 0.81 to 0.46 with the added mutant allele. There was a slight increase in the scattering coefficient (mu(s)) with the mutation from 74 to 94 cm(-1). The decrease in g (toward more isotropic scattering) is likely due to the failure of the mutant fibrils to assemble into the larger collagen fiber bundles that yield forward scattering.
