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Adrian O. Eberemu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plasticity characteristics of Lateritic Soil treated with sporosarcina pasteurii in microbial induced calcite precipitation application
SN Applied Sciences, 2019Co-Authors: K. J. Osinubi, Adrian O. Eberemu, E W Gadzama, Thomas Stephen IjimdiyaAbstract:The plasticity characteristics of Lateritic Soil with varying Sporosarcina pasteurii (S. pasteurii) suspension density and compositional variables were evaluated in microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) application. The liquid limit value of the natural Lateritic Soil was used to prepare samples with three mix proportions of the bacteria and cementation reagent (i.e., 25% bacteria–75% cementation reagent, 50% bacteria–50% cementation reagent and 75% bacteria–25% cementation reagent). The S. pasteurii suspension densities used to trigger the MICP process are 0, 0.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 McFarland standards (i.e., 0, 1.50 × 108, 6.0 × 108, 1.20 × 109, 1.80 × 109 and 2.40 × 109 cells/ml, respectively). Tests carried out on the treated specimens include Atterberg limits and linear shrinkage as well as calcite content using the acid wash method. Results obtained showed a general decrease in the Atterberg limit values with higher S. pasteurii suspension density. The best improvement of plasticity index was achieved for Lateritic Soil prepared with 75% S. pasteurii and 25% cementation reagent at S. pasteurii suspension density of 2.40 × 109 cells/ml with a corresponding peak 6.0% calcite content. Also, a maximum 4% contaminant concentration of a synthetic leachate produced the best S. pasteurii growth pattern.
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Unconfined Compressive Strength of Bacillus Pumilus Treated Lateritic Soil
Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics Volume 3, 2018Co-Authors: Kolawole J. Osinubi, Adrian O. Eberemu, J.e. Sani, Thomas Stephen Ijimdiya, S.e. YakubuAbstract:The study considered the use of Bacillus pumilus to trigger microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) process for the improvement of the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of Lateritic Soil to be used as a hydraulic barrier in waste containment application. The Lateritic Soil was treated with stepped Bacillus pumilus suspension densities of 0, 1.5 × 108, 6.0 × 108, 12 × 108, 18 × 108 and 24 × 108 cells/ml, respectively. Specimens were prepared at moulding water contents –2, 0, 2 and 4% relative to the optimum moisture content (OMC) that simulate field variation in moisture and compacted with British Standard light (or standard Proctor) energy. The UCS values increased with higher Bacillus pumilus suspension densities and moulding water content. Peak UCS values of 1159.08, 1169.52, 1298.27 and 1884.58 kN/m2 were obtained at 6.0 × 108/ml, 24.0 × 108/ml, 6.0 × 108/ml and 18 × 108/ml Bacillus pumilus suspension densities for specimens prepared at –2%, 0%, +2% and +4% relative to OMC, respectively. A compaction plane of acceptable zones for UCS based on regulatory value (i.e., > 200 kN/m2) gave 6.0 × 108/ml Bacillus pumilus suspension density as optimum treatment for Lateritic Soil to be used in waste containment application.
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volumetric shrinkage of compacted Lateritic Soil treated with bacillus pumilus
GeoShanghai International Conference, 2018Co-Authors: K. J. Osinubi, Adrian O. Eberemu, J.e. Sani, Stephen T Ijimdiya, S.e. YakubuAbstract:Lateritic Soil was treated with Bacillus pumilus in stepped concentration of 0/ml, 1.5 × 108/ml, 6.0 × 108/ml, 12 × 108/ml, 18 × 108/ml and 24 × 108/ml, respectively. Specimens were prepared at −2, 0, 2 and 4% relative to optimum moisture content (OMC) and compacted with British Standard light (BSL) (or standard Proctor) energy. The specimens extruded from the compaction moulds were air-dried in the laboratory to determine the volumetric shrinkage of the material when used to construct liners and covers for the containment of municipal solid waste (MSW). High volumetric shrinkage strain (VSS) values were recorded in the initial 5 days of air-drying but became relatively constant after 15 days. VSS values of specimens increased with higher Bacillus pumilus concentration and moulding water content in the range from the dry side (–2%) to wet side (+4%) relative to OMC. A compaction plane that satisfied the regulatory VSS value ≤ 4% was obtained at 24 × 108/ml Bacillus pumilus concentration recommended for the optimal treatment of Lateritic Soil to be used as liner or cover in engineered MSW landfill.
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interaction of landfill leachate with compacted Lateritic Soil waste wood ash mixture
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management, 2017Co-Authors: Kolawole J. Osinubi, Adrian O. Eberemu, J.r Oluremi, Stephen T IjimdiyaAbstract:Lateritic Soil treated with waste wood ash (WWA) by dry weight of Soil and compacted in accordance with the British Standard light compaction method was evaluated for its chemical interaction compa...
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Evaluation of bagasse ash treated Lateritic Soil as a potential barrier material in waste containment application
Acta Geotechnica, 2013Co-Authors: Adrian O. EberemuAbstract:Laboratory tests were conducted on a reddish-brown Lateritic Soil treated with up to 12 % bagasse ash to assess its suitability in waste containment barriers applications. Soil samples were prepared using four compaction energies (i.e. reduced Proctor, standard Proctor, West African Standard or ‘intermediate’ and modified Proctor) at −2, 0, 2 and 4 % moulding water content of the optimum moisture content (OMC). Index properties, hydraulic conductivity ( k ), volumetric shrinkage and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed. Overall acceptable zones under which the material is suitable as a barrier material were obtained. Results recorded showed improved index properties; hydraulic conductivity and UCS with bagasse ash treatment up to 8 % at the OMC. Volumetric shrinkage strain increased with higher bagasse ash treatment. Based on the overall acceptable zone obtained, an 8 % optimal bagasse ash treatment of the natural Lateritic Soil makes it suitable for use in waste containment barrier application.
Alexander Joseph - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Compaction Behaviour of Lateritic Soil–Calcium Chloride Mixtures
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: John E. Sani, Roland Kufre Etim, Alexander JosephAbstract:Laboratory studies on Lateritic Soil treated with up to 8% calcium chloride (CaCl_2) by dry weight of Soil was carried out to establish the Soil improving potential. Tests carried out include Atterberg limits and linear shrinkage, compaction characteristics (maximum dry density, MDD and optimum moisture content, OMC), strength characteristics (unconfined compressive strength, UCS and California bearing ratio, CBR) and microanalysis. Compaction and strength characteristics test were investigated using three compactive efforts [i.e. British Standard light, BSL (standard Proctor), West African Standard, WAS or ‘intermediate’ and British Standard heavy, BSH (modified Proctor)]. Results obtained show that Atterberg limits decreased with increased calcium chloride content. MDD increased with a corresponding decreased OMC of the Soil–CaCl_2 mixtures for the three compactive efforts. Peak UCS and CBR values were obtained at 4% CaCl_2 content with increasing compactive effort. Microanalysis using Scan Electron Microscope, SEM shows the transformation of surface morphology at the edges of clay particles. Statistical analysis of result shows that CaCl_2 content had significant influence on the Atterberg limit parameters and both the variations of CaCl_2 content and compactive effort had significant effect on the strength parameters, maximum dry density as well as the optimum moisture content. The R^2 values of regression models show that CaCl_2, LL, MDD, OMC and CE have considerable influence on the UCS at 7 days curing and CBR values. Peak strength values are below those recommended for sub base and base stabilization, hence CaCl_2 is not convenient as a stand-alone stabilizer but can be adequate as a modifier or as admixture in Cement or lime stabilization of Lateritic Soil.
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compaction behaviour of Lateritic Soil calcium chloride mixtures
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: J.e. Sani, Roland Kufre Etim, Alexander JosephAbstract:Laboratory studies on Lateritic Soil treated with up to 8% calcium chloride (CaCl2) by dry weight of Soil was carried out to establish the Soil improving potential. Tests carried out include Atterberg limits and linear shrinkage, compaction characteristics (maximum dry density, MDD and optimum moisture content, OMC), strength characteristics (unconfined compressive strength, UCS and California bearing ratio, CBR) and microanalysis. Compaction and strength characteristics test were investigated using three compactive efforts [i.e. British Standard light, BSL (standard Proctor), West African Standard, WAS or ‘intermediate’ and British Standard heavy, BSH (modified Proctor)]. Results obtained show that Atterberg limits decreased with increased calcium chloride content. MDD increased with a corresponding decreased OMC of the Soil–CaCl2 mixtures for the three compactive efforts. Peak UCS and CBR values were obtained at 4% CaCl2 content with increasing compactive effort. Microanalysis using Scan Electron Microscope, SEM shows the transformation of surface morphology at the edges of clay particles. Statistical analysis of result shows that CaCl2 content had significant influence on the Atterberg limit parameters and both the variations of CaCl2 content and compactive effort had significant effect on the strength parameters, maximum dry density as well as the optimum moisture content. The R2 values of regression models show that CaCl2, LL, MDD, OMC and CE have considerable influence on the UCS at 7 days curing and CBR values. Peak strength values are below those recommended for sub base and base stabilization, hence CaCl2 is not convenient as a stand-alone stabilizer but can be adequate as a modifier or as admixture in Cement or lime stabilization of Lateritic Soil.
Arul Arulrajah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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strength prediction of cement stabilised reclaimed asphalt pavement and Lateritic Soil blends
International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Jirayut Suebsuk, Aniroot Suksan, Cherdsak Suksiripattanapong, Tanakorn Phoongernkham, Suksun Horpibulsuk, Arul ArulrajahAbstract:In this research, marginal Lateritic Soil (LS) was used for improving the gradation properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) prior to cement stabilisation for heavy and light-volume roads. Th...
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marginal Lateritic Soil stabilized with calcium carbide residue and fly ash geopolymers as a sustainable pavement base material
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Itthikorn Phummiphan, Tanakorn Phoongernkham, Suksun Horpibulsuk, Arul Arulrajah, Shuilong ShenAbstract:AbstractTwo waste by-products, fly ash (FA) and calcium carbide residue (CCR), are used to develop geopolymer binders for stabilizing marginal Lateritic Soil as a sustainable pavement base. The liquid alkaline activator is a mixture of sodium silicate solution (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at a concentration of 10 molars. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of Lateritic Soil–FA geopolymers at different influential factors (curing times, Na2SiO3∶NaOH ratios, and CCR replacement ratios) are measured. The soaked 7-day UCS of Lateritic Soil–FA geopolymers meets the strength requirement for both light and heavy traffic pavement specified by the local national authorities. The early 7-day UCS and cementitious products increase with increasing CCR replacement ratio, and the cementitious products are clearly observed at CCR = 30% (the highest CCR replacement ratio tested). However, the CCR replacement ratio providing the maximum 90-day strength is found at 2...
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improvement of marginal Lateritic Soil using melamine debris replacement for sustainable engineering fill materials
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016Co-Authors: Jeerapan Donrak, Suksun Horpibulsuk, Runglawan Rachan, Arul ArulrajahAbstract:Abstract This research evaluates the physical and mechanical properties of marginal Lateritic Soil and Melamine Debris (MD) blends as a sustainable engineering fill material. Physical property tests included specific gravity, water absorption, Atterberg limits, Los Angeles (LA) abrasion and particle-size distribution, while mechanical property tests included California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and swelling. The results indicate that MD as non-plastic coarse-grained and durable material (LA = 11.3%) can be used as an alternative replacement material for engineering fill materials. The MD replacement of Lateritic Soil reduces the fine content and increases the abrasion resistance of the Soil particles, hence the reduction in liquid limit, plasticity index, LA abrasion and particle breakage. This physical property improvement leads to superior mechanical properties (soaked CBR and swelling) with increasing MD replacement ratio as compared to the Soil alone. The proposed empirical equations for predicting soaked CBR and swelling of blends at different MD replacement ratios and compaction energy levels are useful in the selection of the suitable MD replacement to attain targeted mechanical property requirements. The physical and mechanical properties of the 20% MD replacement blend were found to meet the requirement of local road authority for engineering fill materials while the 50% MD replacement blend was at the borderline for a subbase course material.
Kolawole J. Osinubi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Unconfined Compressive Strength of Bacillus Pumilus Treated Lateritic Soil
Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics Volume 3, 2018Co-Authors: Kolawole J. Osinubi, Adrian O. Eberemu, J.e. Sani, Thomas Stephen Ijimdiya, S.e. YakubuAbstract:The study considered the use of Bacillus pumilus to trigger microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) process for the improvement of the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of Lateritic Soil to be used as a hydraulic barrier in waste containment application. The Lateritic Soil was treated with stepped Bacillus pumilus suspension densities of 0, 1.5 × 108, 6.0 × 108, 12 × 108, 18 × 108 and 24 × 108 cells/ml, respectively. Specimens were prepared at moulding water contents –2, 0, 2 and 4% relative to the optimum moisture content (OMC) that simulate field variation in moisture and compacted with British Standard light (or standard Proctor) energy. The UCS values increased with higher Bacillus pumilus suspension densities and moulding water content. Peak UCS values of 1159.08, 1169.52, 1298.27 and 1884.58 kN/m2 were obtained at 6.0 × 108/ml, 24.0 × 108/ml, 6.0 × 108/ml and 18 × 108/ml Bacillus pumilus suspension densities for specimens prepared at –2%, 0%, +2% and +4% relative to OMC, respectively. A compaction plane of acceptable zones for UCS based on regulatory value (i.e., > 200 kN/m2) gave 6.0 × 108/ml Bacillus pumilus suspension density as optimum treatment for Lateritic Soil to be used in waste containment application.
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Effect of Inclusion of Randomly Oriented Sisal Fibre on Some Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soil
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: A. Tanko, Thomas Stephen Ijimdiya, Kolawole J. OsinubiAbstract:This paper presents the results of the evaluation of the reinforcing effect of randomly oriented sisal fibre on some geotechnical properties of Lateritic Soil. The sisal fibre was included in 0.25% stepped percentage (i.e., 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0%) of fibre content by dry weights of the Soil using fibre lengths 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6.0 cm; that correspond to five aspect ratios (l/d). The Soil–fibre mixtures were then compacted with the British Standard light energy. Aside index tests performed on the natural Lateritic Soil, unconfined compression, California bearing ratio (CBR) and durability tests were carried out on Lateritic Soil–sisal fibre mixtures. Tensile strength tests were performed on sisal fibres embedded in the Soil for up to twelve (12) weeks to simulate their bio-degradability. Peak unconfined compressive strength value of 494 kN/m2 and CBR value of 13% for 24 h soaking period were recorded for 0.75% sisal fibre content and 3.5 cm sisal fibre length. Two-way statistical analysis of variance on the laboratory test results showed a statistically significant effect of the sisal fibre inclusion on some of the geotechnical properties of the Lateritic Soil considered. Based on strength and durability criteria an optimal 0.75% sisal fibre content for 3.5 cm fibre length is recommended for inclusion in Lateritic Soil for use as a sub-grade material in road construction.
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interaction of landfill leachate with compacted Lateritic Soil waste wood ash mixture
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management, 2017Co-Authors: Kolawole J. Osinubi, Adrian O. Eberemu, J.r Oluremi, Stephen T IjimdiyaAbstract:Lateritic Soil treated with waste wood ash (WWA) by dry weight of Soil and compacted in accordance with the British Standard light compaction method was evaluated for its chemical interaction compa...
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Hydraulic conductivity of compacted Lateritic Soil treated with bagasse ash
International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Kolawole J. Osinubi, Adrian O. EberemuAbstract:Lateritic Soil treated with up to 12% bagasse ash content was compacted using reduced Proctor, standard Proctor, West African Standard and modified Proctor energies at −2, 0, 2 and 4% of optimum moisture content. The effects of moulding water, water content relative to optimum, initial degree of saturation at compaction, void ratio, bagasse ash content and compactive efforts on hydraulic conductivity of specimens were investigated. A compaction plane of acceptable zones for hydraulic conductivity based on regulatory value (≤ 1 × 10–9 m/s) gave 8% bagasse ash content as optimum reatment for use of the material in waste containment application.
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compacted Lateritic Soil treated with blast furnace slag as hydraulic barriers in waste containment systems
International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management, 2009Co-Authors: Kolawole J. Osinubi, Adrian O. Eberemu, Ahamefule A AmadiAbstract:Laboratory testing was conducted to assess the feasibility of using Lateritic Soil mixed with up to 15% blast furnace slag (BFS) by dry weight of Soil as a suitable hydraulic barrier. Tests were carried out on the Lateritic Soil-slag mixture to ascertain the particle size distribution, index properties and compaction characteristics. The relationship between hydraulic conductivity, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and volumetric shrinkage strain at standard Proctor, West African Standard and modified Proctor, compactive efforts were determined at different moulding water contents (i.e., 10-20%). Acceptable zones on the compaction plane in which compacted Soil specimens would have low hydraulic conductivity (< 1 × 10−9 m/s), minimum volumetric shrinkage strain (< 4%) and high compressive strength (< 200 kN/m²) were established. The results showed that higher slag contents improved the hydraulic conductivity, volumetric shrinkage strain and compressive strength. Optimum properties of the Lateritic Soil-slag mixture were obtained at 10% slag treatment that suggests the use of the mixture as a suitable hydraulic barrier in waste containment systems.
Roland Kufre Etim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental study on potential of oyster shell ash in structural strength improvement of Lateritic Soil for road construction
International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Roland Kufre Etim, Imoh Christopher Attah, Paul YohannaAbstract:This study investigated the effect of oyster shell ash (OSA) on the geotechnical properties of Lateritic Soil. Laboratory studies were performed using Lateritic Soil treated with up to 15 % OSA. The result shows a decrease in maximum dry density (MDD) with corresponding increase in optimum moisture content (OMC). Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) values generally increased with increased OSA content and curing age, while resistance to loss in strength increased to peak of 18 % at the threshold of 6 % OSA content. Peak California bearing ratio (CBR) values (soaked and unsoaked) were obtained at a threshold of 6 % PSA content. The Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the Soil, OSA and Soil + OSA blend show the distinctiveness of the relevant functional groups in relation to their specific band. The treated Soil show H-O-H bending of water linked to 2Al^3+, Si-O, Si-O-Si. The scan electron microscopy (SEM) and electron diffraction spectroscopy of treated Soil revealed the formation of compounds responsible in strength improvement of the Soil. Generally, OSA show significant strength improvement on the Lateritic Soil. This study has shown that OSA can be beneficially used in Lateritic Soil improvement and is also recommended as admixture in either lime or cement stabilization of deficient Lateritic Soil for use in road construction.
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Compaction Behaviour of Lateritic Soil–Calcium Chloride Mixtures
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: John E. Sani, Roland Kufre Etim, Alexander JosephAbstract:Laboratory studies on Lateritic Soil treated with up to 8% calcium chloride (CaCl_2) by dry weight of Soil was carried out to establish the Soil improving potential. Tests carried out include Atterberg limits and linear shrinkage, compaction characteristics (maximum dry density, MDD and optimum moisture content, OMC), strength characteristics (unconfined compressive strength, UCS and California bearing ratio, CBR) and microanalysis. Compaction and strength characteristics test were investigated using three compactive efforts [i.e. British Standard light, BSL (standard Proctor), West African Standard, WAS or ‘intermediate’ and British Standard heavy, BSH (modified Proctor)]. Results obtained show that Atterberg limits decreased with increased calcium chloride content. MDD increased with a corresponding decreased OMC of the Soil–CaCl_2 mixtures for the three compactive efforts. Peak UCS and CBR values were obtained at 4% CaCl_2 content with increasing compactive effort. Microanalysis using Scan Electron Microscope, SEM shows the transformation of surface morphology at the edges of clay particles. Statistical analysis of result shows that CaCl_2 content had significant influence on the Atterberg limit parameters and both the variations of CaCl_2 content and compactive effort had significant effect on the strength parameters, maximum dry density as well as the optimum moisture content. The R^2 values of regression models show that CaCl_2, LL, MDD, OMC and CE have considerable influence on the UCS at 7 days curing and CBR values. Peak strength values are below those recommended for sub base and base stabilization, hence CaCl_2 is not convenient as a stand-alone stabilizer but can be adequate as a modifier or as admixture in Cement or lime stabilization of Lateritic Soil.
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compaction behaviour of Lateritic Soil calcium chloride mixtures
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: J.e. Sani, Roland Kufre Etim, Alexander JosephAbstract:Laboratory studies on Lateritic Soil treated with up to 8% calcium chloride (CaCl2) by dry weight of Soil was carried out to establish the Soil improving potential. Tests carried out include Atterberg limits and linear shrinkage, compaction characteristics (maximum dry density, MDD and optimum moisture content, OMC), strength characteristics (unconfined compressive strength, UCS and California bearing ratio, CBR) and microanalysis. Compaction and strength characteristics test were investigated using three compactive efforts [i.e. British Standard light, BSL (standard Proctor), West African Standard, WAS or ‘intermediate’ and British Standard heavy, BSH (modified Proctor)]. Results obtained show that Atterberg limits decreased with increased calcium chloride content. MDD increased with a corresponding decreased OMC of the Soil–CaCl2 mixtures for the three compactive efforts. Peak UCS and CBR values were obtained at 4% CaCl2 content with increasing compactive effort. Microanalysis using Scan Electron Microscope, SEM shows the transformation of surface morphology at the edges of clay particles. Statistical analysis of result shows that CaCl2 content had significant influence on the Atterberg limit parameters and both the variations of CaCl2 content and compactive effort had significant effect on the strength parameters, maximum dry density as well as the optimum moisture content. The R2 values of regression models show that CaCl2, LL, MDD, OMC and CE have considerable influence on the UCS at 7 days curing and CBR values. Peak strength values are below those recommended for sub base and base stabilization, hence CaCl2 is not convenient as a stand-alone stabilizer but can be adequate as a modifier or as admixture in Cement or lime stabilization of Lateritic Soil.
