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Mohamed Ben Amor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Life cycle assessment of Pavements: Reviewing research challenges and opportunities
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015Co-Authors: Hessam Azarijafari, Ammar Yahia, Mohamed Ben AmorAbstract:An extensive growth in Pavement life cycle assessment studies is noticed in recent years. Current literature in Pavement life cycle assessment demonstrates a wide range of implications on environmental burdens associated with the Pavements. However, immature parts still remain, needing further research, in the next years, in different stages of Pavement life cycle assessment. Most of these papers focused on the implementation of new technologies on Pavements construction, the use of recycled materials, and the investigation of various phases of the Pavement life cycle rather than improving the applicability and the adequacy of life cycle assessment methodology to the Pavement problems. These stages are based on ISO 14040 and 14044 frameworks: the goal and scope definition, the inventory analysis, the life cycle impact assessment and interpretation. In this paper, a comprehensive review (i.e. a critical review and research gaps investigation) of life cycle assessment studies on Pavements was conducted. The presentation comprises (not an extensive list) inventory analysis such as surface roughness, noise, lighting, albedo, carbonation, and earthwork in addition to locally applicable data collection, consequential and temporal consideration of Pavement life cycle, and sensitivity analysis. Addressing these inadequacies will permit enhanced Pavement life cycle assessment studies. This will then be useful for policy makers, project managers, construction engineers, and other stakeholders in identifying prospective in sustainable development of the Pavement sector.
Brian K Diefenderfer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a life cycle assessment of in place recycling and conventional Pavement construction and maintenance practices
Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Joao Santos, Adelino Ferreira, James Bryce, Gerardo W Flintsch, Brian K DiefenderferAbstract:The application of in-place recycling techniques has emerged as a practical and effective way to enhance the sustainability of agency Pavement management decisions for asphalt-surfaced Pavements. However, the potential environmental benefits resulting from applying in-place recycling techniques have not been fully documented in the literature. This paper presents a comprehensive Pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) model that extends the typical Pavement LCA's system boundaries to include the environmental impacts resulting from the usage phase and the production of the energy sources. The results of the application of the Pavement LCA model to a specific highway rehabilitation project in the state of Virginia showed that in-place recycling practices and an effective control of the Pavement roughness can improve significantly the life cycle environmental performance of a Pavement system.
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Model to predict Pavement temperature profile: development and validation
Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2006Co-Authors: Brian K Diefenderfer, Imad L. Al-qadi, Stacey D DiefenderferAbstract:Flexible Pavements comprise a majority of the primary highways in the United States. These primary highways are subjected to heavy loading that can cause significant damage to the hot-mix asphalt (HMA) Pavements. As HMA is a viscoelastic material, the structural or load-carrying capacity of the Pavement varies with temperature. Thus, to accurately determine in situ strength characteristics of flexible Pavement, it is necessary to predict the temperature distribution within the HMA layers. The majority of previously published research on Pavement temperature prediction has consisted of predicting the annual maximum or minimum Pavement temperature so as to recommend a suitable asphalt binder performance grade. To determine the Pavement temperature profile, the influence of ambient temperature and seasonal changes must be understood such that the effects of heating and cooling trends within the Pavement structure can be quantified. Recent investigations have shown that it is possible to model daily Pavement maxima and minima temperatures by knowing the maximum or minimum ambient temperatures, the depth at which the Pavement temperature is desired, and the calculated solar radiation utilizing a linear relationship. This paper presents the verification that the Pavement temperatures calculated using the daily solar radiation could be accurately applied to any location. The suggested location-independent model was successfully validated utilizing data from the Virginia Smart Road and two randomly selected long-term Pavement performance seasonal monitoring program sites.
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Development and validation of a model to predict Pavement temperature profile
TRB 2004 Annual Meeting, 2003Co-Authors: Brian K Diefenderfer, Oakbrook Court, Thomas E FreemanAbstract:Flexible Pavements comprise a majority of the primary highways in the United States. These primary roads are subjected to heavy loading that can cause significant damage to the hot-mix asphalt (HMA) Pavements. As HMA is a viscoelastic material, the structural or load-carrying capacity of the Pavement varies with temperature. Thus, to determine in-situ strength characteristics of flexible Pavement, it is necessary to predict the temperature distribution within the HMA layers. The majority of previously published research on Pavement temperature prediction has consisted of predicting the annual maximum or minimum Pavement temperature so as to recommend a suitable asphalt binder performance grade. To determine the Pavement temperature profile, the influence of ambient temperature and seasonal changes must be understood such that the effects of heating and cooling trends within the Pavement structure can be quantified. Recent investigations have shown that it is possible to model daily Pavement maxima and minima temperature by knowing the maximum or minimum ambient temperatures, the depth at which the Pavement temperature is desired, and the day of year at a particular location. This paper extends that model to incorporate either the calculated daily solar radiation or latitude such that the model can be applied to any location. The suggested location independent model was successfully validated utilizing data from the Virginia Smart Road and two LTPP-SMP sites.
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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AMODEL TO PREDICT Pavement TEMPERATURE PROFILE
Transportation Research Board 81st Annual Meeting, 2003Co-Authors: Brian K Diefenderfer, Stacey D. Reubush, Imad L. Al-qadi, Thomas E FreemanAbstract:Flexible Pavements comprise a majority of the primary highways in the United States. These primary roads are subjected to heavy loading that can cause significant damage to the hot-mix asphalt (HMA) Pavements. As HMA is a viscoelastic material, the structural or load-carrying capacity of the Pavement varies with temperature. Thus, to determine in-situ strength characteristics of flexible Pavement, it is necessary to predict the temperature distribution within the HMA layers. The majority of previously published research on Pavement temperature prediction has consisted of predicting the annual maximum or minimum Pavement temperature so as to recommend a suitable asphalt binder performance grade. To determine the Pavement temperature profile, the influence of ambient temperature and seasonal changes must be understood such that the effects of heating and cooling trends within the Pavement structure can be quantified. Recent investigations have shown that it is possible to model daily Pavement maxima and minima temperature by knowing the maximum or minimum ambient temperatures, the depth at which the Pavement temperature is desired, and the day of year at a particular location. This paper extends that model to incorporate either the calculated daily solar radiation or latitude such that the model can be applied to any location. The suggested location independent model was successfully validated utilizing data from the Virginia Smart Road and two LTPP-SMP sites
Hessam Azarijafari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Life cycle assessment of Pavements: Reviewing research challenges and opportunities
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015Co-Authors: Hessam Azarijafari, Ammar Yahia, Mohamed Ben AmorAbstract:An extensive growth in Pavement life cycle assessment studies is noticed in recent years. Current literature in Pavement life cycle assessment demonstrates a wide range of implications on environmental burdens associated with the Pavements. However, immature parts still remain, needing further research, in the next years, in different stages of Pavement life cycle assessment. Most of these papers focused on the implementation of new technologies on Pavements construction, the use of recycled materials, and the investigation of various phases of the Pavement life cycle rather than improving the applicability and the adequacy of life cycle assessment methodology to the Pavement problems. These stages are based on ISO 14040 and 14044 frameworks: the goal and scope definition, the inventory analysis, the life cycle impact assessment and interpretation. In this paper, a comprehensive review (i.e. a critical review and research gaps investigation) of life cycle assessment studies on Pavements was conducted. The presentation comprises (not an extensive list) inventory analysis such as surface roughness, noise, lighting, albedo, carbonation, and earthwork in addition to locally applicable data collection, consequential and temporal consideration of Pavement life cycle, and sensitivity analysis. Addressing these inadequacies will permit enhanced Pavement life cycle assessment studies. This will then be useful for policy makers, project managers, construction engineers, and other stakeholders in identifying prospective in sustainable development of the Pavement sector.
John T Harvey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Composite Pavement Systems, Volume 1: HMA/PCC Composite Pavements - Composite Pavement Systems Volume 1: HMA/PCC Composite Pavements
2013Co-Authors: Michael I Darter, John T Harvey, Derek Tompkins, Mary Vancura, Lev Khazanovich, Jim Signore, Erdem Coleri, Rongzong Wu, Julie M. VandenbosscheAbstract:Composite Pavements have proved in Europe and the United States to have long service life with excellent surface characteristics, structural capacity, and rapid renewal when needed. This project developed the guidance needed to design and construct new composite Pavement systems. Volume 1 presents the state of the practice and guidelines for designing and constructing new hot-mix asphalt (HMA) concrete over a portland cement concrete (PCC) composite Pavement that takes full advantage of using differing materials. Volume 2 provides guidance on the design and construction of two-layer, wet-on-wet PCC Pavements where the upper layer is a thin high-quality layer (hard nonpolishing aggregate, higher cement content, higher quality binder) and excellent surface characteristics with the lower layer containing a higher percentage of local aggregates and recycled materials. Both volumes detail performance data on existing composite Pavement systems and provide step-by-step guidance on the design of composite Pavements using mechanistic-empirical design methods for both types of new composite Pavements.
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life cycle energy consumption and ghg emission from Pavement rehabilitation with different rolling resistance
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2012Co-Authors: Ting Wang, Alissa Kendall, John T HarveyAbstract:Abstract This paper describes a Pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) model developed to evaluate energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from Pavement rehabilitation strategies. The LCA model analyzes the energy and GHG emissions associated with material production, construction and Pavement use, which includes the effects of Pavement rolling resistance on vehicle operation. The model was used to evaluate a set of case studies of Pavement rehabilitation for both asphalt and concrete surfaces with different rolling resistances and traffic levels. The primary goal of the case studies is to evaluate the effect of rolling resistance on the life cycle performance of Pavements, not to compare asphalt and concrete Pavements. Energy and GHG emission savings from Pavement rehabilitation are compared with an alternative where no rehabilitation occurs, only routine maintenance of damaged Pavement. The results of the case studies show that for highway sections with high traffic volumes the energy and GHG savings accrued during the use phase due to reduced rolling resistance can be significantly larger than the energy use and GHG emissions from material production and construction, with the extent of the benefit dependent on constructed smoothness. These savings can be larger than those from other strategies to reduce highway transportation energy use and emissions, such as projected improvements in vehicle fuel economy. For low traffic volume highways, the smoothness obtained by the contractor and materials used have a more significant effect on the performance of the rehabilitation, and may result in a net increase in energy use and GHG emissions if low traffic volumes and poor construction quality occur together.
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Development of Mechanistic–Empirical Design Procedure for Fully Permeable Pavement Under Heavy Traffic
Transportation Research Record, 2012Co-Authors: Hui Li, David Jones, John T HarveyAbstract:Fully permeable Pavements are those in which all layers are intended to be permeable and the Pavement structure serves as a reservoir to store water during storm periods to minimize the adverse effects of stormwater runoff. Fully permeable Pavements are currently used primarily for light traffic (e.g., parking lots that only allow cars, not trucks). The development of fully permeable Pavement designs as a potential best management practice for stormwater management in areas that carry heavy truck traffic is of significant interest. Results are presented from one phase of a project to develop mechanistic-empirical design procedures for fully permeable Pavement designs that will carry heavy vehicles operating primarily at slow speeds (e.g., in maintenance yards, parking lots, streets, and highway shoulders). Mechanistic-empirical computer modeling of the structural designs was performed for three types of surface material (open-graded asphalt, open-graded concrete, and concrete slabs with cast drainage), co...
Ammar Yahia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Life cycle assessment of Pavements: Reviewing research challenges and opportunities
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015Co-Authors: Hessam Azarijafari, Ammar Yahia, Mohamed Ben AmorAbstract:An extensive growth in Pavement life cycle assessment studies is noticed in recent years. Current literature in Pavement life cycle assessment demonstrates a wide range of implications on environmental burdens associated with the Pavements. However, immature parts still remain, needing further research, in the next years, in different stages of Pavement life cycle assessment. Most of these papers focused on the implementation of new technologies on Pavements construction, the use of recycled materials, and the investigation of various phases of the Pavement life cycle rather than improving the applicability and the adequacy of life cycle assessment methodology to the Pavement problems. These stages are based on ISO 14040 and 14044 frameworks: the goal and scope definition, the inventory analysis, the life cycle impact assessment and interpretation. In this paper, a comprehensive review (i.e. a critical review and research gaps investigation) of life cycle assessment studies on Pavements was conducted. The presentation comprises (not an extensive list) inventory analysis such as surface roughness, noise, lighting, albedo, carbonation, and earthwork in addition to locally applicable data collection, consequential and temporal consideration of Pavement life cycle, and sensitivity analysis. Addressing these inadequacies will permit enhanced Pavement life cycle assessment studies. This will then be useful for policy makers, project managers, construction engineers, and other stakeholders in identifying prospective in sustainable development of the Pavement sector.
