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Songping Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recent progress in protein chemistry and proteomics of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus toxins
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2014Co-Authors: Xianchun Wang, Songping LiangAbstract:Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (commonly known as black widow spiders) have toxins not only in their venom glands, but also in other parts of their body, in their eggs and even in the newborn spiderlings. The study on the toxins in venom and materials outside the venom glands of the spiders to elucidate their differences and similarities, evolutional relationship and biological functions is of important theoretical and applicable significance. The development of modern protein chemistry and proteomics techniques has provided efficient means for the study of protein and peptide toxins of L. tredecimguttatus. By using such techniques, the molecular base and action mechanism of the toxins can be revealed at the levels of both single purified proteins and omics. Up to now, although protein chemistry and proteomics study on L. tredecimguttatus toxins have achieved a certain progress, the relevant work particularly that on the toxins in the materials outside the venom glands has to be further deepened.
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the venom gland transcriptome of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus revealed by deep sequencing and cdna library analysis
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Zhigui Duan, Zhen Liu, Zhonghua Liu, Songping LiangAbstract:Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, commonly known as black widow spider, is well known for its dangerous bite. Although its venom has been characterized extensively, some fundamental questions about its molecular composition remain unanswered. The limited transcriptome and genome data available prevent further understanding of spider venom at the molecular level. In the present study, we combined next-generation sequencing and conventional DNA sequencing to construct a venom gland transcriptome of the spider L. tredecimguttatus, which resulted in the identification of 9,666 and 480 high-confidence proteins among 34,334 de novo sequences and 1,024 cDNA sequences, respectively, by assembly, translation, filtering, quantification and annotation. Extensive functional analyses of these proteins indicated that mRNAs involved in RNA transport and spliceosome, protein translation, processing and transport were highly enriched in the venom gland, which is consistent with the specific function of venom glands, namely the production of toxins. Furthermore, we identified 146 toxin-like proteins forming 12 families, including 6 new families in this spider in which α-LTX-Lt1a family2 is firstly identified as a subfamily of α-LTX-Lt1a family. The toxins were classified according to their bioactivities into five categories that functioned in a coordinate way. Few ion channels were expressed in venom gland cells, suggesting a possible mechanism of protection from the attack of their own toxins. The present study provides a gland transcriptome profile and extends our understanding of the toxinome of spiders and coordination mechanism for toxin production in protein expression quantity.
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purification and partial characterization of a novel neurotoxic protein from eggs of black widow spiders Latrodectus tredecimguttatus
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 2013Co-Authors: Yizhong Yan, Zhigui Duan, Xianchun Wang, Jirong Wang, Tianyao Guo, Songping LiangAbstract:Up to now, there have been a few reports on the toxic components purified from black widow spider (Latrodectus tredecimguttatus) eggs. In the present study, a novel neurotoxic protein was purified from the eggs by gel filtration combined with ion-exchange chromatography. Its molecular weight was 23.752 kDa determined by electrospray mass spectrometry. The protein could block the neuromuscular transmission in mouse-isolated phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparations completely in a reversible manner and activate tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. The N-terminal sequence of the protein was identified by the Edman degradation to be N-S-I-A-D-D-R-Y-R-W-P-G-Y-P-G-A-G-L-I-P-Y-I-I-D-S—. When the sequence was used to search against protein database with a sequence query in Mascot engine there was no matched sequence or protein whereas the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis indicated that no significant similarity was found. These results demonstrated that the protein (named Latroeggtoxin-I) is a novel neurotoxic protein purified from the eggs of black widow spiders. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:337-342, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21493
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Evolutional relationship of species and toxins.
2013Co-Authors: Zhigui Duan, Zhen Liu, Zhonghua Liu, Songping LiangAbstract:A. Phylogenetic tree of the 26 species. It was constructed by MAGE software using sequences of single-copy nuclear protein-coding genes from these species. Latrodectus tredecimguttatus was grouped with other arthropods (insects) and highlighted in red. B. Phylogenies of Arthropod. Latrodectus tredecimguttatus was clustered with other three spider species (Theraphosidae, Amblypygi and Schizomidae) in Arachnida, which are marked with different colors: purple, Hexapoda; brown, Crustacea; silver gray, Oligostraca; orange, Myriapoda; blue, Pycnogonida; The full names of the species can be found in Tables S7 and S8 File S1. C. Phylogenies of the ANK superfamily, in which pink indicates α-LTX-Lt1a family1; blue indicates α-LTX-Lt1a family2; green indicates δ-LIT-Lt1a family; red indicates α-LIT-Lt1a family; brown indicates ANK family.
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Examples of new toxins.
2013Co-Authors: Zhigui Duan, Zhen Liu, Zhonghua Liu, Songping LiangAbstract:A) Sequence alignment of seven members of the α-LTX-Ltla-1/2 families. P23631 is the Uniprot ID for α-LTX-Ltla-2, a well-known toxin of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus. The other six proteins are new potential toxins found in our core dataset. Amino acid residue point mutations are marked in green; Residues conserved across two families are marked in red. The two families are indicated by pink and cyan backgrounds. B) The secondary structure of three new toxins (P_206187, EST_P_221, P_141871, EST_P_151 and P_208737, members of the ctenitoxin family) is shown. The amino acids forming an alpha helix are colored in blue; red rectangles indicate predicted signal peptides; purple lines represent disulfide bridges.
Xianchun Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative proteomic analysis to probe into the differences in protein expression profiles and toxicity bases of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus spiderlings and adult spiders
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology, 2020Co-Authors: Xiaozhen Peng, Zhipan Dai, Xianchun WangAbstract:The early reports and our previous work confirmed the existence of the toxic proteinaceous components in the body of the L. tredecimguttatus newborn and adult spiders. For revealing the differences in the protein expression profiles and toxicity bases of the spiders at different developmental stages, the spiderling and adult spider proteins were comparatively analyzed using a proteomic strategy. Totals of 429 and 958 proteins were identified from the spiderlings and adult spiders, respectively, with 239 proteins being identified from both of them. Although some similarities between the spiderling and adult spider proteomes exist, there are obvious differences between the two proteomes in size, complexity, molecular weight (MW) distribution, acid-base property, and hydropathicity, etc. Gene ontology (GO) analysis demonstrates that, comparing based on the percentages of proteins, the spiderling and adult spider proteins have generally similar distribution profiles with respect to the subcellular localization, molecular function and biological process. However, there are still some differences between these two sets of proteins in some classifications of the three GO categories. For the adult spiders, latrotoxins together with other toxins and toxin-like proteins, etc. constitute their toxicity basis, whereas the toxicity of the spiderlings depends mainly on the synergistic action of atypical latrotoxins and toxin-like proteins, most of which are different from those of the adult spiders, demonstrating that the spiders at different developmental stages have largely different toxicity mechanisms.
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Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of Latroeggtoxin-V Mined from the Transcriptome of Spider Latrodectus tredecimguttatus Eggs
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Xiaochao Tang, Pingping Tang, Xianchun WangAbstract:As a black widow spider, Latrodectus tredecimguttatus has poisonous components not only in venomous glands but also in eggs. Our previous work had carried out a transcriptome analysis of the spider eggs in an attempt to probe into the molecular basis of the egg toxicity. A proteinaceous toxin, named Latroeggtoxin-V, was mined from the identified transcriptome. In this study, the gene of Latroeggtoxin-V was cloned and heterologously expressed, and the anticancer activity of the recombinant Latroeggtoxin-V (rLatroeggtoxin-V) was characterized. Activity assay found that rLatroeggtoxin-V could selectively act on breast cancer line MDA-MB-231 cells, not only arresting their cell cycle, inhibiting their proliferation and migration, but also inducing their apoptosis. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that Latroeggtoxin-V belongs to the ATPase inhibitor protein family and the further activity assay showed that the rLatroeggtoxin-V inhibited the activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase in MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that the anticancer activity of Latroeggtoxin-V is based on its affecting the ion transport and receptor functions of Na+/K+-ATPase. The present work not only laid the foundation for the utilization of Latroeggtoxin-V in the anticancer drug development and the related fields, but also provided a new paradigm for exploration of the proteinaceous toxins under the direction of transcriptomics and bioinformatics
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transcriptome analysis to understand the toxicity of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus eggs
Toxins, 2016Co-Authors: Xianchun WangAbstract:Latrodectus tredecimguttatus is a kind of highly venomous black widow spider, with toxicity coming from not only venomous glands but also other parts of its body as well as newborn spiderlings and eggs. Up to date, although L. tredecimguttatus eggs have been demonstrated to be rich in proteinaceous toxins, there is no systematic investigation on such active components at transcriptome level. In this study, we performed a high-throughput transcriptome sequencing of L. tredecimguttatus eggs with Illumina sequencing technology. As a result, 53,284 protein-coding unigenes were identified, of which 14,185 unigenes produced significant hits in the available databases, including 280 unigenes encoding proteins or peptides homologous to known proteinaceous toxins. GO term and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the 280 unigenes showed that 375 GO terms and 18 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched. Functional analysis indicated that these unigene-coded toxins have the bioactivities to degrade tissue proteins, inhibit ion channels, block neuromuscular transmission, provoke anaphylaxis, induce apoptosis and hyperalgesia, etc. No known typical proteinaceous toxins in L. tredecimguttatus venomous glands, such as latrotoxins, were identified, suggesting that the eggs have a different toxicity mechanism from that of the venom. Our present transcriptome analysis not only helps to reveal the gene expression profile and toxicity mechanism of the L. tredecimguttatus eggs, but also provides references for the further related researches.
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recent progress in protein chemistry and proteomics of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus toxins
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2014Co-Authors: Xianchun Wang, Songping LiangAbstract:Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (commonly known as black widow spiders) have toxins not only in their venom glands, but also in other parts of their body, in their eggs and even in the newborn spiderlings. The study on the toxins in venom and materials outside the venom glands of the spiders to elucidate their differences and similarities, evolutional relationship and biological functions is of important theoretical and applicable significance. The development of modern protein chemistry and proteomics techniques has provided efficient means for the study of protein and peptide toxins of L. tredecimguttatus. By using such techniques, the molecular base and action mechanism of the toxins can be revealed at the levels of both single purified proteins and omics. Up to now, although protein chemistry and proteomics study on L. tredecimguttatus toxins have achieved a certain progress, the relevant work particularly that on the toxins in the materials outside the venom glands has to be further deepened.
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purification and partial characterization of a novel neurotoxic protein from eggs of black widow spiders Latrodectus tredecimguttatus
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 2013Co-Authors: Yizhong Yan, Zhigui Duan, Xianchun Wang, Jirong Wang, Tianyao Guo, Songping LiangAbstract:Up to now, there have been a few reports on the toxic components purified from black widow spider (Latrodectus tredecimguttatus) eggs. In the present study, a novel neurotoxic protein was purified from the eggs by gel filtration combined with ion-exchange chromatography. Its molecular weight was 23.752 kDa determined by electrospray mass spectrometry. The protein could block the neuromuscular transmission in mouse-isolated phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparations completely in a reversible manner and activate tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. The N-terminal sequence of the protein was identified by the Edman degradation to be N-S-I-A-D-D-R-Y-R-W-P-G-Y-P-G-A-G-L-I-P-Y-I-I-D-S—. When the sequence was used to search against protein database with a sequence query in Mascot engine there was no matched sequence or protein whereas the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis indicated that no significant similarity was found. These results demonstrated that the protein (named Latroeggtoxin-I) is a novel neurotoxic protein purified from the eggs of black widow spiders. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:337-342, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21493
Zhigui Duan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the venom gland transcriptome of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus revealed by deep sequencing and cdna library analysis
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Zhigui Duan, Zhen Liu, Zhonghua Liu, Songping LiangAbstract:Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, commonly known as black widow spider, is well known for its dangerous bite. Although its venom has been characterized extensively, some fundamental questions about its molecular composition remain unanswered. The limited transcriptome and genome data available prevent further understanding of spider venom at the molecular level. In the present study, we combined next-generation sequencing and conventional DNA sequencing to construct a venom gland transcriptome of the spider L. tredecimguttatus, which resulted in the identification of 9,666 and 480 high-confidence proteins among 34,334 de novo sequences and 1,024 cDNA sequences, respectively, by assembly, translation, filtering, quantification and annotation. Extensive functional analyses of these proteins indicated that mRNAs involved in RNA transport and spliceosome, protein translation, processing and transport were highly enriched in the venom gland, which is consistent with the specific function of venom glands, namely the production of toxins. Furthermore, we identified 146 toxin-like proteins forming 12 families, including 6 new families in this spider in which α-LTX-Lt1a family2 is firstly identified as a subfamily of α-LTX-Lt1a family. The toxins were classified according to their bioactivities into five categories that functioned in a coordinate way. Few ion channels were expressed in venom gland cells, suggesting a possible mechanism of protection from the attack of their own toxins. The present study provides a gland transcriptome profile and extends our understanding of the toxinome of spiders and coordination mechanism for toxin production in protein expression quantity.
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purification and partial characterization of a novel neurotoxic protein from eggs of black widow spiders Latrodectus tredecimguttatus
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 2013Co-Authors: Yizhong Yan, Zhigui Duan, Xianchun Wang, Jirong Wang, Tianyao Guo, Songping LiangAbstract:Up to now, there have been a few reports on the toxic components purified from black widow spider (Latrodectus tredecimguttatus) eggs. In the present study, a novel neurotoxic protein was purified from the eggs by gel filtration combined with ion-exchange chromatography. Its molecular weight was 23.752 kDa determined by electrospray mass spectrometry. The protein could block the neuromuscular transmission in mouse-isolated phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparations completely in a reversible manner and activate tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. The N-terminal sequence of the protein was identified by the Edman degradation to be N-S-I-A-D-D-R-Y-R-W-P-G-Y-P-G-A-G-L-I-P-Y-I-I-D-S—. When the sequence was used to search against protein database with a sequence query in Mascot engine there was no matched sequence or protein whereas the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis indicated that no significant similarity was found. These results demonstrated that the protein (named Latroeggtoxin-I) is a novel neurotoxic protein purified from the eggs of black widow spiders. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:337-342, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21493
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Evolutional relationship of species and toxins.
2013Co-Authors: Zhigui Duan, Zhen Liu, Zhonghua Liu, Songping LiangAbstract:A. Phylogenetic tree of the 26 species. It was constructed by MAGE software using sequences of single-copy nuclear protein-coding genes from these species. Latrodectus tredecimguttatus was grouped with other arthropods (insects) and highlighted in red. B. Phylogenies of Arthropod. Latrodectus tredecimguttatus was clustered with other three spider species (Theraphosidae, Amblypygi and Schizomidae) in Arachnida, which are marked with different colors: purple, Hexapoda; brown, Crustacea; silver gray, Oligostraca; orange, Myriapoda; blue, Pycnogonida; The full names of the species can be found in Tables S7 and S8 File S1. C. Phylogenies of the ANK superfamily, in which pink indicates α-LTX-Lt1a family1; blue indicates α-LTX-Lt1a family2; green indicates δ-LIT-Lt1a family; red indicates α-LIT-Lt1a family; brown indicates ANK family.
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Examples of new toxins.
2013Co-Authors: Zhigui Duan, Zhen Liu, Zhonghua Liu, Songping LiangAbstract:A) Sequence alignment of seven members of the α-LTX-Ltla-1/2 families. P23631 is the Uniprot ID for α-LTX-Ltla-2, a well-known toxin of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus. The other six proteins are new potential toxins found in our core dataset. Amino acid residue point mutations are marked in green; Residues conserved across two families are marked in red. The two families are indicated by pink and cyan backgrounds. B) The secondary structure of three new toxins (P_206187, EST_P_221, P_141871, EST_P_151 and P_208737, members of the ctenitoxin family) is shown. The amino acids forming an alpha helix are colored in blue; red rectangles indicate predicted signal peptides; purple lines represent disulfide bridges.
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protein compositional analysis of the eggs of black widow spider Latrodectus tredecimguttatus implications for the understanding of egg toxicity
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 2012Co-Authors: Hui Liu, Zhigui Duan, Xianchun Wang, Rui Cao, Songping LiangAbstract:Previous work found that high-molecular-weight fractions in the egg extract of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus exhibited strong toxicities. For investigating the possible relationship of proteins in the eggs with the toxic effect, the protein composition of the eggs was analyzed using proteomic strategies and compared with that of the spider's venom. SDS-PAGE showed that the proteins of eggs were primarily distributed in the molecular weight range of higher than 55 kDa as well as around 34 kDa, having high abundance proteins with molecular weights of about 60 kDa and 130 kDa. A total of 157 proteins were identified from the egg extract, which were involved in important cellular functions and processes including catalysis, transport, and metabolism regulation. Comparison indicated that the protein composition of eggs is more complex than that of venom, and there are few similarities between the protein composition of the two materials, demonstrating that the eggs have their own distinct toxic mechanism.
Parejo-pulido Daniel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Notas sobre la dieta de la viuda negra mediterránea Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (Rossi, 1790) (Araneae: Theridiidae) en el suroeste de la península ibérica
'Editorial CSIC', 2021Co-Authors: Mora-rubio Carlos, Parejo-pulido DanielAbstract:Predators play important roles in ecosystems due to their effects on the diversity and abundance of prey communities and, ultimately, on ecosystem functions. To understand the ecology of the predatory behavior of different groups of animals and their impact on prey communities, knowledge of prey composition is essential. The aim of this study was to determine the diet composition of a predatory arthropod, the Mediterranean black widow Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (Rossi, 1790), in the Iberian Peninsula. We found that L. tredecimguttatus may be considered a stenophagous generalist predator, feeding on nine different arthropod orders (Araneae, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Julida, Mantodea, Orthoptera, Scorpiones and Solifugae). Hymenoptera (mostly ants) were the most common prey (58.9% of prey items) and Coleoptera (mostly Tenebrionidae) was the second most frequent (33.5% of prey items). Besides, we also found evidence of intraguild predation in this species. With this study, we contribute to the knowledge of L. tredecimguttatus ecology in the Iberian Peninsula, highlighting its role as a predator of diverse arthropods, including spiders and other predators.Los depredadores juegan un importante papel en la dinámica ecosistémica a raíz de los efectos que producen en la abundancia y diversidad de presas y, en última instancia, en las funciones del ecosistema. Para comprender la ecología del comportamiento depredador de los distintos grupos animales, así como su impacto en las comunidades de presas, es imprescindible conocer la composición de especies presa. El propósito de este estudio ha sido determinar la composición de la dieta de un artrópodo depredador, la viuda negra mediterránea Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (Rossi, 1790) en la península ibérica. Encontramos que L. tredecimguttatus puede considerarse un depredador generalista estenófago, que se alimenta de nueve órdenes distintos de artrópodos (Araneae, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Julida, Mantodea, Orthoptera, Scorpiones y Solifugae). Los himenópteros (en su mayoría hormigas) fueron las presas más comunes (58.9% del total) y los coleópteros (en su mayoría Tenebrionidae) fueron los segundos más comunes (33.5% del total). Además, hemos encontrado evidencias de depredación intra-gremio en esta especie. Con este trabajo, se contribuye al conocimiento de la ecología de L. tredecimguttatus en la península ibérica, destacando su papel como depredador de diversos artrópodos, donde se incluyen arañas y otros depredadores
Daniel Parejopulido - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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notas sobre la dieta de la viuda negra mediterranea Latrodectus tredecimguttatus rossi 1790 araneae theridiidae en el suroeste de la peninsula iberica
Graellsia, 2021Co-Authors: Carlos Morarubio, Daniel ParejopulidoAbstract:Predators play important roles in ecosystems due to their effects on the diversity and abundance of prey communities and, ultimately, on ecosystem functions. To understand the ecology of the predatory behavior of different groups of animals and their impact on prey communities, knowledge of prey composition is essential. The aim of this study was to determine the diet composition of a predatory arthropod, the Mediterranean black widow Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (Rossi, 1790), in the Iberian Peninsula. We found that L. tredecimguttatus may be considered a stenophagous generalist predator, feeding on nine different arthropod orders (Araneae, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Julida, Mantodea, Orthoptera, Scorpiones and Solifugae). Hymenoptera (mostly ants) were the most common prey (58.9% of prey items) and Coleoptera (mostly Tenebrionidae) was the second most frequent (33.5% of prey items). Besides, we also found evidence of intraguild predation in this species. With this study, we contribute to the knowledge of L. tredecimguttatus ecology in the Iberian Peninsula, highlighting its role as a predator of diverse arthropods, including spiders and other predators.