The Experts below are selected from a list of 262221 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karl G. Wagner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantification of the Leaching of triethyl citrate polysorbate 80 mixtures from eudragit rs films by differential scanning calorimetry
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2005Co-Authors: Ronny Gruetzmann, Karl G. WagnerAbstract:Abstract The influence of triethyl citrate and polysorbate 80 (Tween ® 80) on the glass transition temperature ( T G ) of Eudragit ® RS membranes was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The T G -decreasing effect of TEC and Tween ® 80 displayed an almost identical performance in extent at a linear relationship between weight proportion and T G resulting in a specific T G -decrease ( T G,spec. ) of −1.98( K /%TEC) and −1.86( K /%Tween), respectively. Thus, the proportion of each adjuvant could be summarized as the plasticizer complex weight proportion (PC) with T G,spec. =1.96( K /%PC). Vice versa this linear relationship could be used to determine the proportion of plasticizer complex within the polymer membrane after swelling and diffusion processes, i.e. plasticizer Leaching. For membranes containing 20% (w/w) TEC and 8% (w/w) Tween ® 80 as plasticizer complex a fast Leaching resulted during the dissolution test reaching an equilibrium at 6.08% (±0.5) PC after 30 min in demineralised water. The DSC method proved to be a simple method to determine plasticizer Leaching via T G , however, without respect on the film forming properties of the two different excipients. Plasticizing with TEC or TEC/Tween ® 80 mixtures led to smooth and continuous films, while plasticizing with Tween ® 80 only resulted in mosaic like fissured films.
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Quantification of the Leaching of triethyl citrate/polysorbate 80 mixtures from Eudragit RS films by differential scanning calorimetry.
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2005Co-Authors: Ronny Gruetzmann, Karl G. WagnerAbstract:Abstract The influence of triethyl citrate and polysorbate 80 (Tween ® 80) on the glass transition temperature ( T G ) of Eudragit ® RS membranes was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The T G -decreasing effect of TEC and Tween ® 80 displayed an almost identical performance in extent at a linear relationship between weight proportion and T G resulting in a specific T G -decrease ( T G,spec. ) of −1.98( K /%TEC) and −1.86( K /%Tween), respectively. Thus, the proportion of each adjuvant could be summarized as the plasticizer complex weight proportion (PC) with T G,spec. =1.96( K /%PC). Vice versa this linear relationship could be used to determine the proportion of plasticizer complex within the polymer membrane after swelling and diffusion processes, i.e. plasticizer Leaching. For membranes containing 20% (w/w) TEC and 8% (w/w) Tween ® 80 as plasticizer complex a fast Leaching resulted during the dissolution test reaching an equilibrium at 6.08% (±0.5) PC after 30 min in demineralised water. The DSC method proved to be a simple method to determine plasticizer Leaching via T G , however, without respect on the film forming properties of the two different excipients. Plasticizing with TEC or TEC/Tween ® 80 mixtures led to smooth and continuous films, while plasticizing with Tween ® 80 only resulted in mosaic like fissured films.
Ronny Gruetzmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantification of the Leaching of triethyl citrate polysorbate 80 mixtures from eudragit rs films by differential scanning calorimetry
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2005Co-Authors: Ronny Gruetzmann, Karl G. WagnerAbstract:Abstract The influence of triethyl citrate and polysorbate 80 (Tween ® 80) on the glass transition temperature ( T G ) of Eudragit ® RS membranes was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The T G -decreasing effect of TEC and Tween ® 80 displayed an almost identical performance in extent at a linear relationship between weight proportion and T G resulting in a specific T G -decrease ( T G,spec. ) of −1.98( K /%TEC) and −1.86( K /%Tween), respectively. Thus, the proportion of each adjuvant could be summarized as the plasticizer complex weight proportion (PC) with T G,spec. =1.96( K /%PC). Vice versa this linear relationship could be used to determine the proportion of plasticizer complex within the polymer membrane after swelling and diffusion processes, i.e. plasticizer Leaching. For membranes containing 20% (w/w) TEC and 8% (w/w) Tween ® 80 as plasticizer complex a fast Leaching resulted during the dissolution test reaching an equilibrium at 6.08% (±0.5) PC after 30 min in demineralised water. The DSC method proved to be a simple method to determine plasticizer Leaching via T G , however, without respect on the film forming properties of the two different excipients. Plasticizing with TEC or TEC/Tween ® 80 mixtures led to smooth and continuous films, while plasticizing with Tween ® 80 only resulted in mosaic like fissured films.
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Quantification of the Leaching of triethyl citrate/polysorbate 80 mixtures from Eudragit RS films by differential scanning calorimetry.
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2005Co-Authors: Ronny Gruetzmann, Karl G. WagnerAbstract:Abstract The influence of triethyl citrate and polysorbate 80 (Tween ® 80) on the glass transition temperature ( T G ) of Eudragit ® RS membranes was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The T G -decreasing effect of TEC and Tween ® 80 displayed an almost identical performance in extent at a linear relationship between weight proportion and T G resulting in a specific T G -decrease ( T G,spec. ) of −1.98( K /%TEC) and −1.86( K /%Tween), respectively. Thus, the proportion of each adjuvant could be summarized as the plasticizer complex weight proportion (PC) with T G,spec. =1.96( K /%PC). Vice versa this linear relationship could be used to determine the proportion of plasticizer complex within the polymer membrane after swelling and diffusion processes, i.e. plasticizer Leaching. For membranes containing 20% (w/w) TEC and 8% (w/w) Tween ® 80 as plasticizer complex a fast Leaching resulted during the dissolution test reaching an equilibrium at 6.08% (±0.5) PC after 30 min in demineralised water. The DSC method proved to be a simple method to determine plasticizer Leaching via T G , however, without respect on the film forming properties of the two different excipients. Plasticizing with TEC or TEC/Tween ® 80 mixtures led to smooth and continuous films, while plasticizing with Tween ® 80 only resulted in mosaic like fissured films.
Lijie Cui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extraction of vanadium from stone coal by roasting in a fluidized bed reactor
Fuel, 2015Co-Authors: Xi Zeng, Fang Wang, Huifeng Zhang, Lijie CuiAbstract:Abstract In order to improve Leaching efficiency of vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) from stone coal and to reduce its connected environmental pollution, this article investigated the oxidizing roasting of stone coal in a laboratory fluidized bed reactor to optimize the roasting method and conditions. The examined parameters included reaction temperature, reaction time and amount and mixing method of additive. The removal of Cl from the generated effluent gas was implemented using CaO as the adsorbent, and comparison was made between the fluidized bed roasting and static roasting in a muffle oven. The results show that the fluidized roasting is more favorable to leach V 2 O 5 from stone coal, which can shorten roasting time for reaching the maximal Leaching rate, while the realized Leaching rate is also higher. Comparing the mixing method applied to stone coal and additive, the impregnation method of additive on stone coal not only increased the Leaching rate and shortened the roasting time for reaching the maximal Leaching rate, but also reduced the amount of additive required. Adding CaO in stone coal roasting sharply decreased the content of Cl-containing gases in flue gas, which can greatly alleviate the possible environmental pollution. The optimal conditions for fluidized bed roasting were found to be impregnating 6 wt.% additive on coal, adding 3 wt.% CaO and performing roasting at 800 °C for 0.75 h.
Xi Zeng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extraction of vanadium from stone coal by roasting in a fluidized bed reactor
Fuel, 2015Co-Authors: Xi Zeng, Fang Wang, Huifeng Zhang, Lijie CuiAbstract:Abstract In order to improve Leaching efficiency of vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) from stone coal and to reduce its connected environmental pollution, this article investigated the oxidizing roasting of stone coal in a laboratory fluidized bed reactor to optimize the roasting method and conditions. The examined parameters included reaction temperature, reaction time and amount and mixing method of additive. The removal of Cl from the generated effluent gas was implemented using CaO as the adsorbent, and comparison was made between the fluidized bed roasting and static roasting in a muffle oven. The results show that the fluidized roasting is more favorable to leach V 2 O 5 from stone coal, which can shorten roasting time for reaching the maximal Leaching rate, while the realized Leaching rate is also higher. Comparing the mixing method applied to stone coal and additive, the impregnation method of additive on stone coal not only increased the Leaching rate and shortened the roasting time for reaching the maximal Leaching rate, but also reduced the amount of additive required. Adding CaO in stone coal roasting sharply decreased the content of Cl-containing gases in flue gas, which can greatly alleviate the possible environmental pollution. The optimal conditions for fluidized bed roasting were found to be impregnating 6 wt.% additive on coal, adding 3 wt.% CaO and performing roasting at 800 °C for 0.75 h.
Maurizio Barbieri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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boron isotopes in groundwater evidence from contamination and interaction with terrigenous evaporitic sequence east central italy
Geochemistry-exploration Environment Analysis, 2018Co-Authors: Angela Nigro, Giuseppe Sappa, Maurizio BarbieriAbstract:Boron isotope composition was used to identify boron sources in groundwater in the eastern part of central Italy, on the west side of the lower alluvial plane of the Pescara river, a few kilometres from the coastline. This area was characterized by two possible boron sources: human activity and a geogenic source. We collected 10 water samples during two sampling surveys, in October 2015 and February 2016. We conducted chemical analyses to determine major ions, boron concentrations and boron isotope values. The results obtained highlight that the groundwater is characterized by high mineralization with electrical conductivity values that reach 8180 µS/cm. Sodium and chloride are the principal ions, reaching values that exceed 3000 mg/L. Boron values exceed the limit provide by Italian legislation for groundwater (1 mg/L) in many samples, reaching the maximum value of 9630 µg/L during February 2016. The isotope values allow the identification of different sources of boron such as landfill leachate, rock Leaching and water–rock interaction with terrigenous–evaporitic sequence. This manuscript highlights that isotope analyses are a powerful tool for monitoring and environmental planning.
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Boron isotopes in groundwater: Evidence from contamination and interaction with terrigenous–evaporitic sequence, east-central Italy
Geochemistry-exploration Environment Analysis, 2018Co-Authors: Angela Nigro, Giuseppe Sappa, Maurizio BarbieriAbstract:Boron isotope composition was used to identify boron sources in groundwater in the eastern part of central Italy, on the west side of the lower alluvial plane of the Pescara river, a few kilometres from the coastline. This area was characterized by two possible boron sources: human activity and a geogenic source. We collected 10 water samples during two sampling surveys, in October 2015 and February 2016. We conducted chemical analyses to determine major ions, boron concentrations and boron isotope values. The results obtained highlight that the groundwater is characterized by high mineralization with electrical conductivity values that reach 8180 µS/cm. Sodium and chloride are the principal ions, reaching values that exceed 3000 mg/L. Boron values exceed the limit provide by Italian legislation for groundwater (1 mg/L) in many samples, reaching the maximum value of 9630 µg/L during February 2016. The isotope values allow the identification of different sources of boron such as landfill leachate, rock Leaching and water–rock interaction with terrigenous–evaporitic sequence. This manuscript highlights that isotope analyses are a powerful tool for monitoring and environmental planning.
