The Experts below are selected from a list of 11982 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J.l. Tyson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Taro Leaf Blight—A Threat to Food Security
Agriculture, 2012Co-Authors: Davinder Singh, G. V. H. Jackson, Danny Hunter, Robert A. Fullerton, Vincent Lebot, Mary Taylor, Tolo Iosefa, T. Okpul, J.l. TysonAbstract:Taro Leaf Blight (caused by the Oomycete Phytophthora colocasiae ) is a disease of major importance in many regions of the world where taro is grown. Serious outbreaks of taro Leaf Blight in Samoa in 1993 and in the last few years in Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria continue to demonstrate the devastating impact of this disease on the livelihoods and food security of small farmers and rural communities dependent on the crop. The spread of the disease to new geographical areas also poses a major threat to neighbouring countries and taro growing regions still free from the disease. Past research, particularly in the Pacific, has demonstrated that management measures such as chemical and cultural control are largely ineffective and that breeding for disease resistance is the most sustainable approach to manage the disease. Recently, the Pacific and South-east Asian regional taro networks have made excellent progress in developing cultivars resistant to taro Leaf Blight through enhanced utilization of taro genetic resources and close collaboration between farmers and researchers in breeding programs. These programs have secured vital taro genetic resources for future use. This paper provides an overview of the disease, its origin, distribution, biology, epidemiology, management and global impact. The paper will largely focus on breeding strategies to address the disease including challenges, opportunities and constraints. It also discusses how these breeding experiences and outputs can be scaled up to other geographical areas where the disease has been recently introduced or under threat of introduction.
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taro Leaf Blight a threat to food security
Agriculture, 2012Co-Authors: Davinder Singh, G. V. H. Jackson, Danny Hunter, Robert A. Fullerton, Vincent Lebot, Mary Taylor, Tolo Iosefa, T. Okpul, J.l. TysonAbstract:Taro Leaf Blight (caused by the Oomycete Phytophthora colocasiae ) is a disease of major importance in many regions of the world where taro is grown. Serious outbreaks of taro Leaf Blight in Samoa in 1993 and in the last few years in Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria continue to demonstrate the devastating impact of this disease on the livelihoods and food security of small farmers and rural communities dependent on the crop. The spread of the disease to new geographical areas also poses a major threat to neighbouring countries and taro growing regions still free from the disease. Past research, particularly in the Pacific, has demonstrated that management measures such as chemical and cultural control are largely ineffective and that breeding for disease resistance is the most sustainable approach to manage the disease. Recently, the Pacific and South-east Asian regional taro networks have made excellent progress in developing cultivars resistant to taro Leaf Blight through enhanced utilization of taro genetic resources and close collaboration between farmers and researchers in breeding programs. These programs have secured vital taro genetic resources for future use. This paper provides an overview of the disease, its origin, distribution, biology, epidemiology, management and global impact. The paper will largely focus on breeding strategies to address the disease including challenges, opportunities and constraints. It also discusses how these breeding experiences and outputs can be scaled up to other geographical areas where the disease has been recently introduced or under threat of introduction.
Davinder Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Taro Leaf Blight—A Threat to Food Security
Agriculture, 2012Co-Authors: Davinder Singh, G. V. H. Jackson, Danny Hunter, Robert A. Fullerton, Vincent Lebot, Mary Taylor, Tolo Iosefa, T. Okpul, J.l. TysonAbstract:Taro Leaf Blight (caused by the Oomycete Phytophthora colocasiae ) is a disease of major importance in many regions of the world where taro is grown. Serious outbreaks of taro Leaf Blight in Samoa in 1993 and in the last few years in Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria continue to demonstrate the devastating impact of this disease on the livelihoods and food security of small farmers and rural communities dependent on the crop. The spread of the disease to new geographical areas also poses a major threat to neighbouring countries and taro growing regions still free from the disease. Past research, particularly in the Pacific, has demonstrated that management measures such as chemical and cultural control are largely ineffective and that breeding for disease resistance is the most sustainable approach to manage the disease. Recently, the Pacific and South-east Asian regional taro networks have made excellent progress in developing cultivars resistant to taro Leaf Blight through enhanced utilization of taro genetic resources and close collaboration between farmers and researchers in breeding programs. These programs have secured vital taro genetic resources for future use. This paper provides an overview of the disease, its origin, distribution, biology, epidemiology, management and global impact. The paper will largely focus on breeding strategies to address the disease including challenges, opportunities and constraints. It also discusses how these breeding experiences and outputs can be scaled up to other geographical areas where the disease has been recently introduced or under threat of introduction.
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Taro Leaf Blight—A Threat to Food Security
Agriculture, 2012Co-Authors: Davinder Singh, Danny Hunter, Vincent Lebot, Mary Taylor, Tolo Iosefa, T. Okpul, Grahame Jackson, Robert Fullerton, Joy TysonAbstract:Taro Leaf Blight (caused by the Oomycete Phytophthora colocasiae) is a disease of major importance in many regions of the world where taro is grown. Serious outbreaks of taro Leaf Blight in Samoa in 1993 and in the last few years in Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria continue to demonstrate the devastating impact of this disease on the livelihoods and food security of small farmers and rural communities dependent on the crop. The spread of the disease to new geographical areas also poses a major threat to neighbouring countries and taro growing regions still free from the disease. Past research, particularly in the Pacific, has demonstrated that management measures such as chemical and cultural control are largely ineffective and that breeding for disease resistance is the most sustainable approach to manage the disease. Recently, the Pacific and South-east Asian regional taro networks have made excellent progress in developing cultivars resistant to taro Leaf Blight through enhanced utilization of taro genetic resources and close collaboration between farmers and researchers in breeding programs. These programs have secured vital taro genetic resources for future use. This paper provides an overview of the disease, its origin, distribution, biology, epidemiology, management and global impact. The paper will largely focus on breeding strategies to address the disease including challenges, opportunities and constraints. It also discusses how these breeding experiences and outputs can be scaled up to other geographical areas where the disease has been recently introduced or under threat of introduction. (Résumé d'auteur
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taro Leaf Blight a threat to food security
Agriculture, 2012Co-Authors: Davinder Singh, G. V. H. Jackson, Danny Hunter, Robert A. Fullerton, Vincent Lebot, Mary Taylor, Tolo Iosefa, T. Okpul, J.l. TysonAbstract:Taro Leaf Blight (caused by the Oomycete Phytophthora colocasiae ) is a disease of major importance in many regions of the world where taro is grown. Serious outbreaks of taro Leaf Blight in Samoa in 1993 and in the last few years in Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria continue to demonstrate the devastating impact of this disease on the livelihoods and food security of small farmers and rural communities dependent on the crop. The spread of the disease to new geographical areas also poses a major threat to neighbouring countries and taro growing regions still free from the disease. Past research, particularly in the Pacific, has demonstrated that management measures such as chemical and cultural control are largely ineffective and that breeding for disease resistance is the most sustainable approach to manage the disease. Recently, the Pacific and South-east Asian regional taro networks have made excellent progress in developing cultivars resistant to taro Leaf Blight through enhanced utilization of taro genetic resources and close collaboration between farmers and researchers in breeding programs. These programs have secured vital taro genetic resources for future use. This paper provides an overview of the disease, its origin, distribution, biology, epidemiology, management and global impact. The paper will largely focus on breeding strategies to address the disease including challenges, opportunities and constraints. It also discusses how these breeding experiences and outputs can be scaled up to other geographical areas where the disease has been recently introduced or under threat of introduction.
Yao Yua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Studies on Occurrence Pattern of Rough Gentian Leaf Blight and Its Control
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 1999Co-Authors: Yao YuaAbstract:Rough gentian Leaf Blight was caused by Septoria gentianae. Septoria gentianae only infects the leavesof Rough gentian causing Leaf Blight and heavy losses. The primary infection sources of rough gentian Leaf Blightwere the diseased Leaf residue, seed and seeding. The pathogen overwintered meinly al conidia and hypha onthe diseased residue in the flelds. It was easy to make the disease epidemic in higher temperature, humidity andday-light. Under the natural conditions, the occurrence of epidemics might be divided into five stages. By followingmethods, Rough gentian Leaf Blight could be controled effctively by (1) Sterilising seed and seedling with fungicide; (2)rough gentian garden sanitation; (3) sunshaing and higher density cultivation and (4) fungicide. The most effectivefungicide was Mancozeb.
Hak Soo Seo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Long-term effect of niclosamide on inhibition of bacterial Leaf Blight in rice
Journal of Plant Protection Research, 2016Co-Authors: Sungil Kim, Jong Tae Song, Jun Soo Kwak, Hak Soo SeoAbstract:AbstractBacterial Leaf Blight is one of the major diseases in rice and affects yields. Thus, various methods have been applied to protect rice from this disease. Here, we show systemic translocation of the human drug niclosamide (5-chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)- 2-hydroxybenzamide) in rice and its long-term effect on prevention of rice Leaf Blight. The development of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae-induced rice Leaf Blight was effectively inhibited in untreated systemic leaves as in niclosamide-treated leaves, although its effect gradually decreased in a time-dependent manner. Time-course examination after niclosamide treatment showed that the niclosamide level was highest after 3 h in non-treated distal leaves, suggesting fast systemic movement of niclosamide from the treated local site to untreated distal regions. Our data indicate that niclosamide controls rice Leaf Blight by its rapid systemic movement and that its effect is maintained for a long time.
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Niclosamide inhibits Leaf Blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae in rice.
Scientific reports, 2016Co-Authors: Sungil Kim, Jong Tae Song, Jin-yong Jeong, Hak Soo SeoAbstract:Rice Leaf Blight, which is caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), results in huge losses in grain yield. Here, we show that Xoo-induced rice Leaf Blight is effectively controlled by niclosamide, an oral antihelminthic drug and molluscicide, which also functions as an anti-tumor agent. Niclosamide directly inhibited the growth of the three Xoo strains PXO99, 10208 and K3a. Niclosamide moved long distances from the site of local application to distant rice tissues. Niclosamide also increased the levels of salicylate and induced the expression of defense-related genes such as OsPR1 and OsWRKY45, which suppressed Xoo-induced Leaf wilting. Niclosamide had no detrimental effects on vegetative/reproductive growth and yield. These combined results indicate that niclosamide can be used to block bacterial Leaf Blight in rice with no negative side effects.
Liu Shao-xia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Etiology of Rough Gentian Leaf Blight
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2001Co-Authors: Liu Shao-xiaAbstract:Rough gentian is an important medical cultivated plant and has higher medical and economic value. Rough gentian Leaf Blight is caused by Septoria gentianae. This paper reports the etiology of Rough gentian Leaf Blight. The optimum temperature of germination for the conidia and growth for the hypha of Septoria gentianae was 20～25℃. The optimum pH Value was 6～7. In water, it started to germinate at least in 12 hours. The germination rate reached up to about 50% in 48 hours and 90% in 72 hours at 25℃. The lethal temperature for conidia was 50℃ (10 minutes). Under the natural conditions, the conidia could keep vital at least 8 months.
