The Experts below are selected from a list of 156630 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marianne Le Bail - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transition to Legume-based farming systems requires stable outlets, learning, and peer-networking
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2019Co-Authors: Marie Mawois, Andréa Vidal, Eva Revoyron, Marion Casagrande, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marianne Le BailAbstract:Legume cultivation has been declining for several decades in France and in Europe as a whole. This is the result of the agri-food system lock-in around major crops, which has led to a strong simplification of cropping systems and a specialization of territories, in which Legumes have been marginalized. Introducing or increasing Legume production on farms has become a key issue in many European countries. Studies investigating the process of change of farmers growing Legumes are missing. We analyze here the trajectories of farms cultivating Legumes, with a view to understanding how and why farmers have modified their practices over the long term and to what extent this can help to support further introduction of Legumes on farms. We interviewed 26 farmers growing Legumes, in two French regions (Burgundy and Pays de la Loire), to understand the changes of their practices in terms of Legume introduction over time. We developed a methodology to analyze farmers’ trajectories based on the identification of (1) agronomic-coherence phases during which practices are stable and (2) the process of change from one coherence phase to another. The analysis of the 26 trajectories allowed us to distinguish four transitional pathways according to the speed of change, the type of Legumes cultivated, and the level of Legume introduction. Here, we show for the first time that the transition to a high and sustainable level of Legume introduction in farms, whether progressive or as a rupture, required the combination of three levers: (1) the stability of outlets (on-farm consumption or market opportunities), (2) knowledge and local references on the preceding crop effect of Legumes, and (3) the farmer’s involvement in peer-networks. Our results constitute a fruitful pathway to encouraging changes for both individual and collective support for farmers to facilitate the introduction of Legumes.
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Transition to Legume-based farming systems requires stable outlets, learning, and peer-networking
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2019Co-Authors: Marie Mawois, Andréa Vidal, Eva Revoyron, Marion Casagrande, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marianne Le BailAbstract:Legume cultivation has been declining for several decades in France and in Europe as a whole. This is the result of the agri-food system lock-in around major crops, which has led to a strong simplification of cropping systems and a specialization of territories, in which Legumes have been marginalized. Introducing or increasing Legume production on farms has become a key issue in many European countries. Studies investigating the process of change of farmers growing Legumes are missing. We analyze here the trajectories of farms cultivating Legumes, with a view to understanding how and why farmers have modified their practices over the long term and to what extent this can help to support further introduction of Legumes on farms. We interviewed 26 farmers growing Legumes, in two French regions (Burgundy and Pays de la Loire), to understand the changes of their practices in terms of Legume introduction over time. We developed a methodology to analyze farmers’ trajectories based on the identification of (1) agronomic-coherence phases during which practices are stable and (2) the process of change from one coherence phase to another. The analysis of the 26 trajectories allowed us to distinguish four transitional pathways according to the speed of change, the type of Legumes cultivated, and the level of Legume introduction. Here, we show for the first time that the transition to a high and sustainable level of Legume introduction in farms, whether progressive or as a rupture, required the combination of three levers: (1) the stability of outlets (on-farm consumption or market opportunities), (2) knowledge and local references on the preceding crop effect of Legumes, and (3) the farmer’s involvement in peer-networks. Our results constitute a fruitful pathway to encouraging changes for both individual and collective support for farmers to facilitate the introduction of Legumes.
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Trajectories of Legumes insertion in farms: methodological framework for the analysis of long-term changes
2018Co-Authors: Eva Revoyron, Andréa Vidal, Marion Casagrande, Marianne Le Bail, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marie MawoisAbstract:Despite their potential agronomic, economic and environmental benefits, Legume crops are locked out of current agri-food systems in Europe. This paper provides a methodological framework to understand changes in Legume cultivation in farms over long time periods. We formalise four distinct agronomic-coherence classes with regard to Legumes in farms, based on the type of crop sequences and on quantitative indicators for the level of Legumes insertion. We define farms’ trajectories of change regarding Legume crops as a succession of agronomic-coherence phases and transition periods. The framework is then used to formalise the trajectory of a mixed crop-livestock farm in Burgundy (France). Finally, we discuss the potential uses of this framework to understand the drivers and processes of change related to Legumes on a larger sample of farms, and ultimately to promote and support Legumes insertion in farms.
Marie-helene Jeuffroy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Grain Legume-cereal intercropping enhances the use of soil-derived and biologically fixed nitrogen in temperate agroecosystems. A meta-analysis
European Journal of Agronomy, 2020Co-Authors: Erik Steen Jensen, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Elise Pelzer, David Makowski, Carolina Rodriguez, Georg Carlsson, Jan-eric Englund, Adam Flöhr, Erik Steen JensenAbstract:Grain Legumes are known for their benefits to deliver ecosystem services on provisioning of protein-rich food and feed, reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the symbiotic nitrogen fixation function and diversification of cropping systems. Intercropping is an agroecological practice in which two or more crop species are grown simultaneously in the same field, thereby maximizing the use of resources to enhance yields in low input systems and the resilience of cropping systems. We quantified the effect of grain Legume-cereal intercropping on the use of N resources in temperate agroecosystems, focusing on dinitrogen (N 2) fixation and soil-derived nitrogen acquisition using a meta-analysis of 29 field-scale studies. We estimated and compared effects of different in-tercrop compositions (proportion of each species in the intercrops), fertilization rates, crop species, soil properties , and other management practices on the symbiotic N 2 fixation and the acquisition of soil-derived nitrogen by the cereals and grain Legumes. The proportion of N derived from N 2 fixation was on average 14 % (95 % CI = [11, 16]) higher in intercropped grain Legumes (76 %) compared to Legume sole crops (66 %). On the other hand, intercropping reduced the amount of N 2 fixed (kg ha −1) by about 15 %, when N 2 fixation in inter-and sole cropped Legumes was expressed at equivalent density by compensating for the sown Legume proportion in in-tercrops relative to their sole crop sowing rate. The results were mainly influenced by the intercrop composition, Legumes species and the method used to quantify N 2 fixation. Soil-derived nitrogen acquisition in intercropped grain Legumes was significantly reduced (−47 %, 95 % CI = [−56, −36]) compared to sole crop Legumes, expressed at equivalent density, while the soil N acquired by intercropped cereals was much higher (+61 %, 95 % CI = [24, 108]) than in sole crop cereals. Total soil N acquisition (Legume + cereal) was significantly higher in intercrops than in Legume sole crops (+25 %, 95 % CI = [1, 54]), while there was no significant difference between intercrops and cereal sole crops. The meta-analysis confirms and highlights that intercropping consistently stimulates complementary N use between Legumes and cereals by increasing N 2 fixation by grain le-gumes and increasing soil N acquisition in cereals. Based on the results of this analysis it would be suggested that cropping systems diversification via intercropping can be used for simultaneous production of both cereals and grain Legumes, while increasing the use of N-sources and reducing external inputs of N fertilizers, thereby enhancing the sustainability of agriculture.
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Transition to Legume-based farming systems requires stable outlets, learning, and peer-networking
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2019Co-Authors: Marie Mawois, Andréa Vidal, Eva Revoyron, Marion Casagrande, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marianne Le BailAbstract:Legume cultivation has been declining for several decades in France and in Europe as a whole. This is the result of the agri-food system lock-in around major crops, which has led to a strong simplification of cropping systems and a specialization of territories, in which Legumes have been marginalized. Introducing or increasing Legume production on farms has become a key issue in many European countries. Studies investigating the process of change of farmers growing Legumes are missing. We analyze here the trajectories of farms cultivating Legumes, with a view to understanding how and why farmers have modified their practices over the long term and to what extent this can help to support further introduction of Legumes on farms. We interviewed 26 farmers growing Legumes, in two French regions (Burgundy and Pays de la Loire), to understand the changes of their practices in terms of Legume introduction over time. We developed a methodology to analyze farmers’ trajectories based on the identification of (1) agronomic-coherence phases during which practices are stable and (2) the process of change from one coherence phase to another. The analysis of the 26 trajectories allowed us to distinguish four transitional pathways according to the speed of change, the type of Legumes cultivated, and the level of Legume introduction. Here, we show for the first time that the transition to a high and sustainable level of Legume introduction in farms, whether progressive or as a rupture, required the combination of three levers: (1) the stability of outlets (on-farm consumption or market opportunities), (2) knowledge and local references on the preceding crop effect of Legumes, and (3) the farmer’s involvement in peer-networks. Our results constitute a fruitful pathway to encouraging changes for both individual and collective support for farmers to facilitate the introduction of Legumes.
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Transition to Legume-based farming systems requires stable outlets, learning, and peer-networking
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2019Co-Authors: Marie Mawois, Andréa Vidal, Eva Revoyron, Marion Casagrande, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marianne Le BailAbstract:Legume cultivation has been declining for several decades in France and in Europe as a whole. This is the result of the agri-food system lock-in around major crops, which has led to a strong simplification of cropping systems and a specialization of territories, in which Legumes have been marginalized. Introducing or increasing Legume production on farms has become a key issue in many European countries. Studies investigating the process of change of farmers growing Legumes are missing. We analyze here the trajectories of farms cultivating Legumes, with a view to understanding how and why farmers have modified their practices over the long term and to what extent this can help to support further introduction of Legumes on farms. We interviewed 26 farmers growing Legumes, in two French regions (Burgundy and Pays de la Loire), to understand the changes of their practices in terms of Legume introduction over time. We developed a methodology to analyze farmers’ trajectories based on the identification of (1) agronomic-coherence phases during which practices are stable and (2) the process of change from one coherence phase to another. The analysis of the 26 trajectories allowed us to distinguish four transitional pathways according to the speed of change, the type of Legumes cultivated, and the level of Legume introduction. Here, we show for the first time that the transition to a high and sustainable level of Legume introduction in farms, whether progressive or as a rupture, required the combination of three levers: (1) the stability of outlets (on-farm consumption or market opportunities), (2) knowledge and local references on the preceding crop effect of Legumes, and (3) the farmer’s involvement in peer-networks. Our results constitute a fruitful pathway to encouraging changes for both individual and collective support for farmers to facilitate the introduction of Legumes.
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Trajectories of Legumes insertion in farms: methodological framework for the analysis of long-term changes
2018Co-Authors: Eva Revoyron, Andréa Vidal, Marion Casagrande, Marianne Le Bail, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marie MawoisAbstract:Despite their potential agronomic, economic and environmental benefits, Legume crops are locked out of current agri-food systems in Europe. This paper provides a methodological framework to understand changes in Legume cultivation in farms over long time periods. We formalise four distinct agronomic-coherence classes with regard to Legumes in farms, based on the type of crop sequences and on quantitative indicators for the level of Legumes insertion. We define farms’ trajectories of change regarding Legume crops as a succession of agronomic-coherence phases and transition periods. The framework is then used to formalise the trajectory of a mixed crop-livestock farm in Burgundy (France). Finally, we discuss the potential uses of this framework to understand the drivers and processes of change related to Legumes on a larger sample of farms, and ultimately to promote and support Legumes insertion in farms.
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Design, assessment and feasibility of Legume-based cropping systems in three European regions
Crop and Pasture Science, 2017Co-Authors: Elise Pelzer, Céline Bourlet, G. Carlsson, R. J. Lopez-bellido, E. S. Jensen, Marie-helene JeuffroyAbstract:Grain Legumes in cropping systems result in agronomic and environmental benefits. Nevertheless, their areas in Europe have strongly decreased over the past decades. Our aim was to design locally adapted innovative cropping systems including grain Legumes for three European local pedoclimatic contexts, to assess their sustainability, and to discuss their feasibility with stakeholders. The methodology included an initial diagnosis of the most frequent cropping systems and local improvement targets in each local context (e.g. improve Legume profitability, limit diseases of Legumes, reduce intensive use of chemical inputs in cropping systems), the design of innovative Legume-based cropping systems during a common workshop, focusing on three aims ((i) decrease pesticide use, (ii) reduce mineral N fertiliser dependency, and (iii) increase yield stability of grain Legume crops and other crops of the crop sequence), and their multicriteria sustainability assessment. Stakeholders meetings were organised in each local context to discuss the feasibility of implementing the innovative cropping systems in farmers' fields (technical implementation of cropping systems and possibility of development of Legume sectors). Four to five cropping systems were designed in each local context, with crop sequences longer than references. They included at least two grain Legumes (pea, faba bean, chickpea, lentil or lupine), as sole crops or intercropped with cereals. Overall sustainability was similar or improved in 71% of the Legume-based cropping systems compared with their corresponding references. Among the designed cropping systems, stakeholders identified feasible ones considering both technical issues and development of Legume sectors. The results indicate that reintegrating more grain Legumes in the three European local contexts tested will contribute to more sustainable farming systems.
Gala Freixer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cross sectional association between non soy Legume consumption serum uric acid and hyperuricemia the predimed plus study
European Journal of Nutrition, 2020Co-Authors: Nerea Becerratomas, Nancy Babio, Dolores Corella, Guillermo Menasanchez, Andres Diazlopez, Miguel A Martinezgonzalez, Gala FreixerAbstract:To assess the association between the consumption of non-soy Legumes and different subtypes of non-soy Legumes and serum uric acid (SUA) or hyperuricemia in elderly individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study. We included 6329 participants with information on non-soy Legume consumption and SUA levels. Non-soy Legume consumption was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models and Cox regression models were used to assess the associations between tertiles of non-soy Legume consumption, different subtypes of non-soy Legume consumption and SUA levels or hyperuricemia prevalence, respectively. Individuals in the highest tertile (T3) of total non-soy Legume, lentil and pea consumption, had 0.14 mg/dL, 0.19 mg/dL and 0.12 mg/dL lower SUA levels, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1), which was considered the reference one. Chickpea and dry bean consumption showed no association. In multivariable models, participants located in the top tertile of total non-soy Legumes [prevalence ratio (PR): 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01, lentils (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01), dry beans (PR: 0.91; 95% C: 0.84–0.99; p trend = 0.03) and peas (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01)] presented a lower prevalence of hyperuricemia (vs. the bottom tertile). Chickpea consumption was not associated with hyperuricemia prevalence. In this study of elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome, we observed that despite being a purine-rich food, non-soy Legumes were inversely associated with SUA levels and hyperuricemia prevalence. ISRCTN89898870. Registration date: 24 July 2014.
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Cross-sectional association between non-soy Legume consumption, serum uric acid and hyperuricemia: the PREDIMED-Plus study
European Journal of Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Nerea Becerra-tomás, Guillermo Mena-sánchez, Andrés Díaz-lópez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-gonzález, Nancy Babio, Dolores Corella, Gala Freixer, Dora Romaguera, Jesús Vioque, Ángel M. Alonso-gómezAbstract:Purpose To assess the association between the consumption of non-soy Legumes and different subtypes of non-soy Legumes and serum uric acid (SUA) or hyperuricemia in elderly individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study. We included 6329 participants with information on non-soy Legume consumption and SUA levels. Non-soy Legume consumption was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models and Cox regression models were used to assess the associations between tertiles of non-soy Legume consumption, different subtypes of non-soy Legume consumption and SUA levels or hyperuricemia prevalence, respectively. Results Individuals in the highest tertile (T3) of total non-soy Legume, lentil and pea consumption, had 0.14 mg/dL, 0.19 mg/dL and 0.12 mg/dL lower SUA levels, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1), which was considered the reference one. Chickpea and dry bean consumption showed no association. In multivariable models, participants located in the top tertile of total non-soy Legumes [prevalence ratio (PR): 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01, lentils (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01), dry beans (PR: 0.91; 95% C: 0.84–0.99; p trend = 0.03) and peas (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01)] presented a lower prevalence of hyperuricemia (vs. the bottom tertile). Chickpea consumption was not associated with hyperuricemia prevalence. Conclusions In this study of elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome, we observed that despite being a purine-rich food, non-soy Legumes were inversely associated with SUA levels and hyperuricemia prevalence. Trial registration ISRCTN89898870. Registration date: 24 July 2014.
Marie Mawois - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transition to Legume-based farming systems requires stable outlets, learning, and peer-networking
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2019Co-Authors: Marie Mawois, Andréa Vidal, Eva Revoyron, Marion Casagrande, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marianne Le BailAbstract:Legume cultivation has been declining for several decades in France and in Europe as a whole. This is the result of the agri-food system lock-in around major crops, which has led to a strong simplification of cropping systems and a specialization of territories, in which Legumes have been marginalized. Introducing or increasing Legume production on farms has become a key issue in many European countries. Studies investigating the process of change of farmers growing Legumes are missing. We analyze here the trajectories of farms cultivating Legumes, with a view to understanding how and why farmers have modified their practices over the long term and to what extent this can help to support further introduction of Legumes on farms. We interviewed 26 farmers growing Legumes, in two French regions (Burgundy and Pays de la Loire), to understand the changes of their practices in terms of Legume introduction over time. We developed a methodology to analyze farmers’ trajectories based on the identification of (1) agronomic-coherence phases during which practices are stable and (2) the process of change from one coherence phase to another. The analysis of the 26 trajectories allowed us to distinguish four transitional pathways according to the speed of change, the type of Legumes cultivated, and the level of Legume introduction. Here, we show for the first time that the transition to a high and sustainable level of Legume introduction in farms, whether progressive or as a rupture, required the combination of three levers: (1) the stability of outlets (on-farm consumption or market opportunities), (2) knowledge and local references on the preceding crop effect of Legumes, and (3) the farmer’s involvement in peer-networks. Our results constitute a fruitful pathway to encouraging changes for both individual and collective support for farmers to facilitate the introduction of Legumes.
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Transition to Legume-based farming systems requires stable outlets, learning, and peer-networking
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2019Co-Authors: Marie Mawois, Andréa Vidal, Eva Revoyron, Marion Casagrande, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marianne Le BailAbstract:Legume cultivation has been declining for several decades in France and in Europe as a whole. This is the result of the agri-food system lock-in around major crops, which has led to a strong simplification of cropping systems and a specialization of territories, in which Legumes have been marginalized. Introducing or increasing Legume production on farms has become a key issue in many European countries. Studies investigating the process of change of farmers growing Legumes are missing. We analyze here the trajectories of farms cultivating Legumes, with a view to understanding how and why farmers have modified their practices over the long term and to what extent this can help to support further introduction of Legumes on farms. We interviewed 26 farmers growing Legumes, in two French regions (Burgundy and Pays de la Loire), to understand the changes of their practices in terms of Legume introduction over time. We developed a methodology to analyze farmers’ trajectories based on the identification of (1) agronomic-coherence phases during which practices are stable and (2) the process of change from one coherence phase to another. The analysis of the 26 trajectories allowed us to distinguish four transitional pathways according to the speed of change, the type of Legumes cultivated, and the level of Legume introduction. Here, we show for the first time that the transition to a high and sustainable level of Legume introduction in farms, whether progressive or as a rupture, required the combination of three levers: (1) the stability of outlets (on-farm consumption or market opportunities), (2) knowledge and local references on the preceding crop effect of Legumes, and (3) the farmer’s involvement in peer-networks. Our results constitute a fruitful pathway to encouraging changes for both individual and collective support for farmers to facilitate the introduction of Legumes.
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Trajectories of Legumes insertion in farms: methodological framework for the analysis of long-term changes
2018Co-Authors: Eva Revoyron, Andréa Vidal, Marion Casagrande, Marianne Le Bail, Marie-helene Jeuffroy, Marie MawoisAbstract:Despite their potential agronomic, economic and environmental benefits, Legume crops are locked out of current agri-food systems in Europe. This paper provides a methodological framework to understand changes in Legume cultivation in farms over long time periods. We formalise four distinct agronomic-coherence classes with regard to Legumes in farms, based on the type of crop sequences and on quantitative indicators for the level of Legumes insertion. We define farms’ trajectories of change regarding Legume crops as a succession of agronomic-coherence phases and transition periods. The framework is then used to formalise the trajectory of a mixed crop-livestock farm in Burgundy (France). Finally, we discuss the potential uses of this framework to understand the drivers and processes of change related to Legumes on a larger sample of farms, and ultimately to promote and support Legumes insertion in farms.
Miguel A Martinezgonzalez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cross sectional association between non soy Legume consumption serum uric acid and hyperuricemia the predimed plus study
European Journal of Nutrition, 2020Co-Authors: Nerea Becerratomas, Nancy Babio, Dolores Corella, Guillermo Menasanchez, Andres Diazlopez, Miguel A Martinezgonzalez, Gala FreixerAbstract:To assess the association between the consumption of non-soy Legumes and different subtypes of non-soy Legumes and serum uric acid (SUA) or hyperuricemia in elderly individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study. We included 6329 participants with information on non-soy Legume consumption and SUA levels. Non-soy Legume consumption was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models and Cox regression models were used to assess the associations between tertiles of non-soy Legume consumption, different subtypes of non-soy Legume consumption and SUA levels or hyperuricemia prevalence, respectively. Individuals in the highest tertile (T3) of total non-soy Legume, lentil and pea consumption, had 0.14 mg/dL, 0.19 mg/dL and 0.12 mg/dL lower SUA levels, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1), which was considered the reference one. Chickpea and dry bean consumption showed no association. In multivariable models, participants located in the top tertile of total non-soy Legumes [prevalence ratio (PR): 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01, lentils (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01), dry beans (PR: 0.91; 95% C: 0.84–0.99; p trend = 0.03) and peas (PR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82–0.97; p trend = 0.01)] presented a lower prevalence of hyperuricemia (vs. the bottom tertile). Chickpea consumption was not associated with hyperuricemia prevalence. In this study of elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome, we observed that despite being a purine-rich food, non-soy Legumes were inversely associated with SUA levels and hyperuricemia prevalence. ISRCTN89898870. Registration date: 24 July 2014.
