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Yanting Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • residual Lens Cortex material potential risk factor for endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification cataract surgery
    Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2013
    Co-Authors: Yao Yang, Yanting Chen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To evaluate the bacterial growth potential of residual Lens Cortex after phacoemulsification with the development of endophthalmitis. SETTING: University medical center. DESIGN: Experimental study. METHOD: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were dispensed into aqueous humor or serial dilutions of Lens Cortex that were obtained from cataract patients during phacoemulsification. After a 24-hour incubation, the colony-forming unit (CFU) was quantified. Eighty rabbits had phacoemulsification. Complete Lens Cortex removal was performed in 40 rabbits, while a quarter of Lens Cortex was retained in 40 rabbits. Staphylococcus aureus, with an inoculum size of 32 CFU, 56.3 CFU, and 108.6 CFU, was injected intracamerally at the conclusion of surgery and the production of endophthalmitis was measured 72 h later. The aqueous and vitreous humor samples were collected for microbiological diagnosis. RESULTS: The increase in bacterial growth of S aureus and S epidermidis was statistically significantly greater in each dilution of Lens Cortex than in aqueous humor (P < .001, Student t test). With inoculum of 32.0 CFU or 56.3 CFU of S aureus, there was a statistically higher incidence of bacterial culture-proven endophthalmitis in the residual Lens Cortex eye group than in the normal aphakic eye group (P < .05, Fisher exact test). CONCLUSIONS: Lens Cortex was associated with a significant increase in bacterial growth compared with aqueous humor. Therefore, eyes with residual Lens Cortex seem more prone to develop endophthalmitis if anterior chamber bacterial contamination occurs during phacoemulsification. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

  • Residual Lens Cortex material: Potential risk factor for endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification cataract surgery
    Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2012
    Co-Authors: Yao Yang, Yanting Chen
    Abstract:

    Purpose To evaluate the bacterial growth potential of residual Lens Cortex after phacoemulsification with the development of endophthalmitis. Setting University medical center. Design Experimental study. Method Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were dispensed into aqueous humor or serial dilutions of Lens Cortex that were obtained from cataract patients during phacoemulsification. After a 24-hour incubation, the colony-forming unit (CFU) was quantified. Eighty rabbits had phacoemulsification. Complete Lens Cortex removal was performed in 40 rabbits, while a quarter of Lens Cortex was retained in 40 rabbits. Staphylococcus aureus, with an inoculum size of 32 CFU, 56.3 CFU, and 108.6 CFU, was injected intracamerally at the conclusion of surgery and the production of endophthalmitis was measured 72 h later. The aqueous and vitreous humor samples were collected for microbiological diagnosis. Results The increase in bacterial growth of S aureus and S epidermidis was statistically significantly greater in each dilution of Lens Cortex than in aqueous humor (P Conclusions Lens Cortex was associated with a significant increase in bacterial growth compared with aqueous humor. Therefore, eyes with residual Lens Cortex seem more prone to develop endophthalmitis if anterior chamber bacterial contamination occurs during phacoemulsification. Financial Disclosure No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

Witold K Subczynski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • properties of membranes derived from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2013
    Co-Authors: Laxman Mainali, Marija Raguz, William J Obrien, Witold K Subczynski
    Abstract:

    Abstract Human Lens lipid membranes prepared using a rapid solvent exchange method from the total lipids extracted from the clear Lens Cortex and nucleus of 41- to 60-year-old donors were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance spin-labeling. Profiles of the phospholipid alkyl-chain order, fluidity, oxygen transport parameter, and hydrophobicity were assessed across coexisting membrane domains. Membranes prepared from the Lens Cortex and nucleus were found to contain two distinct lipid environments, the bulk phospholipid–cholesterol domain and the cholesterol bilayer domain (CBD). The alkyl chains of phospholipids were strongly ordered at all depths, indicating that the amplitude of the wobbling motion of alkyl chains was small. However, profiles of the membrane fluidity, which explicitly contain time (expressed as the spin-lattice relaxation rate) and depend on the rotational motion of spin labels, show relatively high fluidity of alkyl chains close to the membrane center. Profiles of the oxygen transport parameter and hydrophobicity have a rectangular shape and also indicate a high fluidity and hydrophobicity of the membrane center. The amount of CBD was greater in nuclear membranes than in cortical membranes. The presence of the CBD in Lens lipid membranes, which at 37 °C showed a permeability coefficient for oxygen about 60% smaller than across a water layer of the same thickness, would be expected to raise the barrier for oxygen transport across the fiber cell membrane. Properties of human membranes are compared with those obtained for membranes made of lipids extracted from Cortex and nucleus of porcine and bovine eye Lenses.

  • properties of membranes derived from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus
    Biophysical Journal, 2013
    Co-Authors: Laxman Mainali, Marija Raguz, William J Obrien, Witold K Subczynski
    Abstract:

    The organization and physical properties of Lens lipid membranes made from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus of 41- to 60-year-old donors were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin-labeling. Profiles of the phospholipid alkyl-chain order, fluidity, oxygen transport parameter, and hydrophobicity were assessed across membranes and coexisting membrane domains. Lens lipid membranes prepared from the Lens Cortex and nucleus were found to contain two distinct lipid environments, which were assigned as the bulk phospholipid-cholesterol domain and the cholesterol bilayer domain (CBD). The alkyl chains of phospholipids were strongly ordered at all depths, indicating that the amplitude of the wobbling motion of alkyl chains was small. However, profiles of the membrane fluidity, which explicitly contain time (expressed as the spin-lattice relaxation rate) and depend on the rotational motion of spin labels, show relatively high fluidity of alkyl chains close to the membrane center. Profiles of the oxygen transport parameter and hydrophobicity have a rectangular shape with an abrupt change between the C9 and C10 positions, which is approximately where the steroid ring structure of cholesterol reaches into the membrane. The amount of CBD was greater in nuclear membranes than in cortical membranes. The presence of the CBD in Lens lipid membranes, which at 37°C showed a permeability coefficient for oxygen about 60% smaller than across a water layer of the same thickness, would be expected to raise the barrier for oxygen transport across the fiber cell membrane.

Yao Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • residual Lens Cortex material potential risk factor for endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification cataract surgery
    Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2013
    Co-Authors: Yao Yang, Yanting Chen
    Abstract:

    PURPOSE: To evaluate the bacterial growth potential of residual Lens Cortex after phacoemulsification with the development of endophthalmitis. SETTING: University medical center. DESIGN: Experimental study. METHOD: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were dispensed into aqueous humor or serial dilutions of Lens Cortex that were obtained from cataract patients during phacoemulsification. After a 24-hour incubation, the colony-forming unit (CFU) was quantified. Eighty rabbits had phacoemulsification. Complete Lens Cortex removal was performed in 40 rabbits, while a quarter of Lens Cortex was retained in 40 rabbits. Staphylococcus aureus, with an inoculum size of 32 CFU, 56.3 CFU, and 108.6 CFU, was injected intracamerally at the conclusion of surgery and the production of endophthalmitis was measured 72 h later. The aqueous and vitreous humor samples were collected for microbiological diagnosis. RESULTS: The increase in bacterial growth of S aureus and S epidermidis was statistically significantly greater in each dilution of Lens Cortex than in aqueous humor (P < .001, Student t test). With inoculum of 32.0 CFU or 56.3 CFU of S aureus, there was a statistically higher incidence of bacterial culture-proven endophthalmitis in the residual Lens Cortex eye group than in the normal aphakic eye group (P < .05, Fisher exact test). CONCLUSIONS: Lens Cortex was associated with a significant increase in bacterial growth compared with aqueous humor. Therefore, eyes with residual Lens Cortex seem more prone to develop endophthalmitis if anterior chamber bacterial contamination occurs during phacoemulsification. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

  • Residual Lens Cortex material: Potential risk factor for endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification cataract surgery
    Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2012
    Co-Authors: Yao Yang, Yanting Chen
    Abstract:

    Purpose To evaluate the bacterial growth potential of residual Lens Cortex after phacoemulsification with the development of endophthalmitis. Setting University medical center. Design Experimental study. Method Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were dispensed into aqueous humor or serial dilutions of Lens Cortex that were obtained from cataract patients during phacoemulsification. After a 24-hour incubation, the colony-forming unit (CFU) was quantified. Eighty rabbits had phacoemulsification. Complete Lens Cortex removal was performed in 40 rabbits, while a quarter of Lens Cortex was retained in 40 rabbits. Staphylococcus aureus, with an inoculum size of 32 CFU, 56.3 CFU, and 108.6 CFU, was injected intracamerally at the conclusion of surgery and the production of endophthalmitis was measured 72 h later. The aqueous and vitreous humor samples were collected for microbiological diagnosis. Results The increase in bacterial growth of S aureus and S epidermidis was statistically significantly greater in each dilution of Lens Cortex than in aqueous humor (P Conclusions Lens Cortex was associated with a significant increase in bacterial growth compared with aqueous humor. Therefore, eyes with residual Lens Cortex seem more prone to develop endophthalmitis if anterior chamber bacterial contamination occurs during phacoemulsification. Financial Disclosure No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

Marija Raguz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • properties of membranes derived from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2013
    Co-Authors: Laxman Mainali, Marija Raguz, William J Obrien, Witold K Subczynski
    Abstract:

    Abstract Human Lens lipid membranes prepared using a rapid solvent exchange method from the total lipids extracted from the clear Lens Cortex and nucleus of 41- to 60-year-old donors were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance spin-labeling. Profiles of the phospholipid alkyl-chain order, fluidity, oxygen transport parameter, and hydrophobicity were assessed across coexisting membrane domains. Membranes prepared from the Lens Cortex and nucleus were found to contain two distinct lipid environments, the bulk phospholipid–cholesterol domain and the cholesterol bilayer domain (CBD). The alkyl chains of phospholipids were strongly ordered at all depths, indicating that the amplitude of the wobbling motion of alkyl chains was small. However, profiles of the membrane fluidity, which explicitly contain time (expressed as the spin-lattice relaxation rate) and depend on the rotational motion of spin labels, show relatively high fluidity of alkyl chains close to the membrane center. Profiles of the oxygen transport parameter and hydrophobicity have a rectangular shape and also indicate a high fluidity and hydrophobicity of the membrane center. The amount of CBD was greater in nuclear membranes than in cortical membranes. The presence of the CBD in Lens lipid membranes, which at 37 °C showed a permeability coefficient for oxygen about 60% smaller than across a water layer of the same thickness, would be expected to raise the barrier for oxygen transport across the fiber cell membrane. Properties of human membranes are compared with those obtained for membranes made of lipids extracted from Cortex and nucleus of porcine and bovine eye Lenses.

  • properties of membranes derived from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus
    Biophysical Journal, 2013
    Co-Authors: Laxman Mainali, Marija Raguz, William J Obrien, Witold K Subczynski
    Abstract:

    The organization and physical properties of Lens lipid membranes made from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus of 41- to 60-year-old donors were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin-labeling. Profiles of the phospholipid alkyl-chain order, fluidity, oxygen transport parameter, and hydrophobicity were assessed across membranes and coexisting membrane domains. Lens lipid membranes prepared from the Lens Cortex and nucleus were found to contain two distinct lipid environments, which were assigned as the bulk phospholipid-cholesterol domain and the cholesterol bilayer domain (CBD). The alkyl chains of phospholipids were strongly ordered at all depths, indicating that the amplitude of the wobbling motion of alkyl chains was small. However, profiles of the membrane fluidity, which explicitly contain time (expressed as the spin-lattice relaxation rate) and depend on the rotational motion of spin labels, show relatively high fluidity of alkyl chains close to the membrane center. Profiles of the oxygen transport parameter and hydrophobicity have a rectangular shape with an abrupt change between the C9 and C10 positions, which is approximately where the steroid ring structure of cholesterol reaches into the membrane. The amount of CBD was greater in nuclear membranes than in cortical membranes. The presence of the CBD in Lens lipid membranes, which at 37°C showed a permeability coefficient for oxygen about 60% smaller than across a water layer of the same thickness, would be expected to raise the barrier for oxygen transport across the fiber cell membrane.

Laxman Mainali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • properties of membranes derived from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2013
    Co-Authors: Laxman Mainali, Marija Raguz, William J Obrien, Witold K Subczynski
    Abstract:

    Abstract Human Lens lipid membranes prepared using a rapid solvent exchange method from the total lipids extracted from the clear Lens Cortex and nucleus of 41- to 60-year-old donors were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance spin-labeling. Profiles of the phospholipid alkyl-chain order, fluidity, oxygen transport parameter, and hydrophobicity were assessed across coexisting membrane domains. Membranes prepared from the Lens Cortex and nucleus were found to contain two distinct lipid environments, the bulk phospholipid–cholesterol domain and the cholesterol bilayer domain (CBD). The alkyl chains of phospholipids were strongly ordered at all depths, indicating that the amplitude of the wobbling motion of alkyl chains was small. However, profiles of the membrane fluidity, which explicitly contain time (expressed as the spin-lattice relaxation rate) and depend on the rotational motion of spin labels, show relatively high fluidity of alkyl chains close to the membrane center. Profiles of the oxygen transport parameter and hydrophobicity have a rectangular shape and also indicate a high fluidity and hydrophobicity of the membrane center. The amount of CBD was greater in nuclear membranes than in cortical membranes. The presence of the CBD in Lens lipid membranes, which at 37 °C showed a permeability coefficient for oxygen about 60% smaller than across a water layer of the same thickness, would be expected to raise the barrier for oxygen transport across the fiber cell membrane. Properties of human membranes are compared with those obtained for membranes made of lipids extracted from Cortex and nucleus of porcine and bovine eye Lenses.

  • properties of membranes derived from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus
    Biophysical Journal, 2013
    Co-Authors: Laxman Mainali, Marija Raguz, William J Obrien, Witold K Subczynski
    Abstract:

    The organization and physical properties of Lens lipid membranes made from the total lipids extracted from the human Lens Cortex and nucleus of 41- to 60-year-old donors were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin-labeling. Profiles of the phospholipid alkyl-chain order, fluidity, oxygen transport parameter, and hydrophobicity were assessed across membranes and coexisting membrane domains. Lens lipid membranes prepared from the Lens Cortex and nucleus were found to contain two distinct lipid environments, which were assigned as the bulk phospholipid-cholesterol domain and the cholesterol bilayer domain (CBD). The alkyl chains of phospholipids were strongly ordered at all depths, indicating that the amplitude of the wobbling motion of alkyl chains was small. However, profiles of the membrane fluidity, which explicitly contain time (expressed as the spin-lattice relaxation rate) and depend on the rotational motion of spin labels, show relatively high fluidity of alkyl chains close to the membrane center. Profiles of the oxygen transport parameter and hydrophobicity have a rectangular shape with an abrupt change between the C9 and C10 positions, which is approximately where the steroid ring structure of cholesterol reaches into the membrane. The amount of CBD was greater in nuclear membranes than in cortical membranes. The presence of the CBD in Lens lipid membranes, which at 37°C showed a permeability coefficient for oxygen about 60% smaller than across a water layer of the same thickness, would be expected to raise the barrier for oxygen transport across the fiber cell membrane.