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Nanette Gartrell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the stability of psychological adjustment among donor conceived offspring in the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study from childhood to adulthood differences by donor type
Fertility and Sterility, 2021Co-Authors: Nicola Carone, Nanette Gartrell, Esther D. Rothblum, Audrey S Koh, Henny M W BosAbstract:Objective To study differences by sperm donor type in the psychological adjustment of the U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study (NLLFS) offspring across three time periods from childhood to adulthood. Design U.S.-based prospective cohort study. Setting Paper-and-pencil questionnaires and protected online surveys. Patient(s) A cohort of 74 offspring conceived by Lesbian parents using an anonymous (n = 26), a known (n = 26), or an open-identity (n = 22) sperm donor. Data were reported when offspring were ages 10 (wave 4), 17 (wave 5), and 25 (wave 6). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist administered to Lesbian parents when offspring were ages 10 and 17 and the Achenbach Adult Self-Report administered to offspring at age 25. Result(s) In both relative and absolute stability, no differences were found in internalizing, externalizing, and total problem behaviors by donor type over 15 years. However, both externalizing and total problem behaviors significantly declined from age 10 to 17 and then increased from age 17 to 25. Irrespective of donor type, among the 74 offspring, the large majority scored continuously within the normal range on internalizing (n = 62, 83.8%), externalizing (n = 62, 83.8%), and total problem behaviors (n = 60, 81.1%). Conclusion(s) The results reassure prospective Lesbian parents and provide policy makers and reproductive medicine practitioners with empirical evidence that psychological adjustment in offspring raised by Lesbian parents is unrelated to donor type in the long term.
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overview of the 35 year u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study and its 92 retention rate
Journal of Glbt Family Studies, 2021Co-Authors: Nanette GartrellAbstract:The U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study was initiated in 1986 to follow a cohort from the first generation of planned Lesbian-parent families in which the children were conceived throug...
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meaning in life as a moderator between homophobic stigmatization and coping styles in adult offspring from planned Lesbian parent families
Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 2019Co-Authors: Gabriël Beusekom, Nanette Gartrell, Esther D. RothblumAbstract:The current study examined whether achieving a sense of meaning in life moderated the association between experienced homophobic stigmatization and coping styles in emerging adult offspring of Lesbian mothers. In the sixth wave of the U S National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study, completed in 2017, the 76 participating offspring were 25 years old. The offspring completed an online survey containing questions about homophobic stigmatization, coping styles (problem-focused, active emotional, and avoidant emotional coping), and meaning in life. The interaction between homophobic stigmatization and meaning in life was significant for problem-focused and avoidant emotional coping. Further analyses showed that for participants with low levels of meaning in life, exposure to homophobic stigmatization was associated with less problem-focused coping and more avoidant emotional coping. The social policy implications of these findings suggest that achieving a sense of meaning in life can serve as a protective factor in reducing the negative influence of homophobic stigmatization on coping styles. Thus homophobia associated with being raised by sexual minority parents may affect offspring as adults, even after these offspring no longer live with their parents. This finding illuminates the importance of developing a sense of meaning in life by encouraging self-efficacy on the part of schools and community organizations.
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sexual attraction sexual identity and same sex sexual experiences of adult offspring in the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2019Co-Authors: Nanette Gartrell, Henny M W Bos, Audrey S KohAbstract:The U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study has followed offspring with sexual minority parents from conception into adulthood. It was initiated in 1986, and it has a 92% retention rate to date. In the current investigation, the 25-year-old offspring answered questions about sexual attraction, sexual identity, and sexual experiences; their responses were compared with those of same-age adults from a population-based survey. The analytic samples consisted of 76 offspring of Lesbian parents and 76 demographically matched participants from the National Survey of Family Growth. All 152 respondents were 25 years old, 48.7% were female, 90.8% identified as White, 9.2% were people of color, and all had attended at least some college. Although most respondents in each sample identified as “heterosexual or straight,” compared to their matched counterparts in the population-based survey, the female and male offspring of Lesbian parents were significantly more to likely to report same-sex attraction, sexual minority identity, and same-sex experience. These findings suggest that adult offspring from planned Lesbian families may be more likely than their peers to demonstrate diversity in sexual attraction, identity, and expression.
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national longitudinal Lesbian Family study mental health of adult offspring
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Nanette Gartrell, Henny M W Bos, Audrey S KohAbstract:Adult Offspring of Sexual-Minority Parents In this letter, the authors report no differences in the mental health of 25-year-olds conceived through donor insemination and enrolled prenatally in a l...
Henny M W Bos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the stability of psychological adjustment among donor conceived offspring in the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study from childhood to adulthood differences by donor type
Fertility and Sterility, 2021Co-Authors: Nicola Carone, Nanette Gartrell, Esther D. Rothblum, Audrey S Koh, Henny M W BosAbstract:Objective To study differences by sperm donor type in the psychological adjustment of the U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study (NLLFS) offspring across three time periods from childhood to adulthood. Design U.S.-based prospective cohort study. Setting Paper-and-pencil questionnaires and protected online surveys. Patient(s) A cohort of 74 offspring conceived by Lesbian parents using an anonymous (n = 26), a known (n = 26), or an open-identity (n = 22) sperm donor. Data were reported when offspring were ages 10 (wave 4), 17 (wave 5), and 25 (wave 6). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist administered to Lesbian parents when offspring were ages 10 and 17 and the Achenbach Adult Self-Report administered to offspring at age 25. Result(s) In both relative and absolute stability, no differences were found in internalizing, externalizing, and total problem behaviors by donor type over 15 years. However, both externalizing and total problem behaviors significantly declined from age 10 to 17 and then increased from age 17 to 25. Irrespective of donor type, among the 74 offspring, the large majority scored continuously within the normal range on internalizing (n = 62, 83.8%), externalizing (n = 62, 83.8%), and total problem behaviors (n = 60, 81.1%). Conclusion(s) The results reassure prospective Lesbian parents and provide policy makers and reproductive medicine practitioners with empirical evidence that psychological adjustment in offspring raised by Lesbian parents is unrelated to donor type in the long term.
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sexual attraction sexual identity and same sex sexual experiences of adult offspring in the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2019Co-Authors: Nanette Gartrell, Henny M W Bos, Audrey S KohAbstract:The U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study has followed offspring with sexual minority parents from conception into adulthood. It was initiated in 1986, and it has a 92% retention rate to date. In the current investigation, the 25-year-old offspring answered questions about sexual attraction, sexual identity, and sexual experiences; their responses were compared with those of same-age adults from a population-based survey. The analytic samples consisted of 76 offspring of Lesbian parents and 76 demographically matched participants from the National Survey of Family Growth. All 152 respondents were 25 years old, 48.7% were female, 90.8% identified as White, 9.2% were people of color, and all had attended at least some college. Although most respondents in each sample identified as “heterosexual or straight,” compared to their matched counterparts in the population-based survey, the female and male offspring of Lesbian parents were significantly more to likely to report same-sex attraction, sexual minority identity, and same-sex experience. These findings suggest that adult offspring from planned Lesbian families may be more likely than their peers to demonstrate diversity in sexual attraction, identity, and expression.
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national longitudinal Lesbian Family study mental health of adult offspring
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Nanette Gartrell, Henny M W Bos, Audrey S KohAbstract:Adult Offspring of Sexual-Minority Parents In this letter, the authors report no differences in the mental health of 25-year-olds conceived through donor insemination and enrolled prenatally in a l...
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il national longitudinal Lesbian Family study usa l adattamento psicologico negli adolescenti di 17 anni
Infanzia e Adolescenza, 2013Co-Authors: Nanette Gartrell, Henny M W BosAbstract:Lo scopo di questa ricerca e documentare l’adattamento psicologico di adolescenti concepiti attraverso l’inseminazione artificiale eterologa da madri lesbiche reclutate prima della nascita dei figli nel piu grande e lungo studio prospettico longitudinale sulle famiglie con genitori dello stesso sesso. Metodologia: Tra il 1986 e il 1992, 154 future madri lesbiche hanno partecipato volontariamente a una ricerca finalizzata a seguire alcune famiglie lesbiche dal concepimento fino alla maggiore eta dei figli. I dati contenuti nel presente articolo sono stati raccolti attraverso interviste e questionari compilati da 78 bambini quando avevano 10 e 17 anni, nonche mediante interviste e Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)compilate dalle loro madri negli stessi periodi. La ricerca e tuttora in corso e ad oggi ha un tasso di prosecuzione del 93%. Risultati: In base ai resoconti delle madri, i diciassettenni con madri lesbiche hanno ottenuto punteggi significativamente piu alti in socialita, scuola e totale delle competenze, e significativamente piu bassi in problemi sociali, comportamento trasgressivo, comportamento aggressivo e problemi esternalizzanti, rispetto ai loro coetanei del campione normativo di Achenbach di giovani americani. Nel campione delle famiglie lesbiche non sono state riscontrate differenze nelle CBCL degli adolescenti concepiti per mezzo di donatori conosciuti, conoscibili su richiesta e anonimi, nonche nelle CBCL degli adolescenti le cui madri stavano ancora insieme o si erano separate. Conclusioni: Gli adolescenti nati e cresciuti in famiglie con madri lesbiche dimostrano un buon adattamento psicologico. Questi risultati possono essere utili per gli approcci clinici con gli adolescenti e per i pediatri che vengono consultati su questioni riguardanti l’omogenitorialita.
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adolescents of the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study male role models gender role traits and psychological adjustment
Gender & Society, 2012Co-Authors: Naomi G Goldberg, Henny M W Bos, Loes Van Rijnvan Gelderen, Nanette GartrellAbstract:This article focuses on the influence of male role models on the lives of adolescents (N = 78) in the U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study. Half of the adolescents had male role models; those with and those without male role models had similar scores on the feminine and masculine scales of the Bem Sex Role Inventory, as well as on the trait subscales of the State-Trait Personality Inventory (anxiety, anger, depression, and curiosity) and the Child Behavior Checklist (internalizing, externalizing, and total problem behavior). A positive association was found between feminine gender role traits and curiosity, and a negative correlation between this trait and internalizing problem behavior; these associations were independent of the gender of the adolescents and the presence of male role models. In sum, the absence of male role models did not adversely affect the psychological adjustment of adolescents reared by Lesbian mothers.
M Nanette D Gartrell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adolescents of the usa national longitudinal Lesbian Family study can Family characteristics counteract the negative effects of stigmatization
Family Process, 2010Co-Authors: Henny M W Bos, M Nanette D GartrellAbstract:This investigation examines the impact of homophobic stigmatization on the well-being of 17-year-old adolescents who were conceived through donor insemination and whose mothers enrolled before they were born in the largest, longest-running, prospective study of Lesbian families, with a 93% retention rate to date. The data for the current report were collected through questionnaires completed by the adolescents and their mothers. The adolescents (39 girls and 39 boys) were queried about Family connection and compatibility. They were also asked to indicate if they had experienced discrimination based on their mothers' sexual orientation. Adolescent well-being was assessed through the parental report of the Child Behavior Checklist/6-18. Forty-one percent of the adolescents had experienced stigmatization based on homophobia. Hierarchical, multiple-regression analyses revealed that stigmatization was associated with more problem behavior in these adolescents, but that Family compatibility neutralized this negative influence. The results indicate that adolescents who have close, positive relationships with their Lesbian mothers demonstrate resilience in response to stigmatization.
Audrey S Koh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the stability of psychological adjustment among donor conceived offspring in the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study from childhood to adulthood differences by donor type
Fertility and Sterility, 2021Co-Authors: Nicola Carone, Nanette Gartrell, Esther D. Rothblum, Audrey S Koh, Henny M W BosAbstract:Objective To study differences by sperm donor type in the psychological adjustment of the U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study (NLLFS) offspring across three time periods from childhood to adulthood. Design U.S.-based prospective cohort study. Setting Paper-and-pencil questionnaires and protected online surveys. Patient(s) A cohort of 74 offspring conceived by Lesbian parents using an anonymous (n = 26), a known (n = 26), or an open-identity (n = 22) sperm donor. Data were reported when offspring were ages 10 (wave 4), 17 (wave 5), and 25 (wave 6). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist administered to Lesbian parents when offspring were ages 10 and 17 and the Achenbach Adult Self-Report administered to offspring at age 25. Result(s) In both relative and absolute stability, no differences were found in internalizing, externalizing, and total problem behaviors by donor type over 15 years. However, both externalizing and total problem behaviors significantly declined from age 10 to 17 and then increased from age 17 to 25. Irrespective of donor type, among the 74 offspring, the large majority scored continuously within the normal range on internalizing (n = 62, 83.8%), externalizing (n = 62, 83.8%), and total problem behaviors (n = 60, 81.1%). Conclusion(s) The results reassure prospective Lesbian parents and provide policy makers and reproductive medicine practitioners with empirical evidence that psychological adjustment in offspring raised by Lesbian parents is unrelated to donor type in the long term.
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sexual attraction sexual identity and same sex sexual experiences of adult offspring in the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2019Co-Authors: Nanette Gartrell, Henny M W Bos, Audrey S KohAbstract:The U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study has followed offspring with sexual minority parents from conception into adulthood. It was initiated in 1986, and it has a 92% retention rate to date. In the current investigation, the 25-year-old offspring answered questions about sexual attraction, sexual identity, and sexual experiences; their responses were compared with those of same-age adults from a population-based survey. The analytic samples consisted of 76 offspring of Lesbian parents and 76 demographically matched participants from the National Survey of Family Growth. All 152 respondents were 25 years old, 48.7% were female, 90.8% identified as White, 9.2% were people of color, and all had attended at least some college. Although most respondents in each sample identified as “heterosexual or straight,” compared to their matched counterparts in the population-based survey, the female and male offspring of Lesbian parents were significantly more to likely to report same-sex attraction, sexual minority identity, and same-sex experience. These findings suggest that adult offspring from planned Lesbian families may be more likely than their peers to demonstrate diversity in sexual attraction, identity, and expression.
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national longitudinal Lesbian Family study mental health of adult offspring
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Nanette Gartrell, Henny M W Bos, Audrey S KohAbstract:Adult Offspring of Sexual-Minority Parents In this letter, the authors report no differences in the mental health of 25-year-olds conceived through donor insemination and enrolled prenatally in a l...
Naomi G Goldberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adolescents of the u s national longitudinal Lesbian Family study male role models gender role traits and psychological adjustment
Gender & Society, 2012Co-Authors: Naomi G Goldberg, Henny M W Bos, Loes Van Rijnvan Gelderen, Nanette GartrellAbstract:This article focuses on the influence of male role models on the lives of adolescents (N = 78) in the U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study. Half of the adolescents had male role models; those with and those without male role models had similar scores on the feminine and masculine scales of the Bem Sex Role Inventory, as well as on the trait subscales of the State-Trait Personality Inventory (anxiety, anger, depression, and curiosity) and the Child Behavior Checklist (internalizing, externalizing, and total problem behavior). A positive association was found between feminine gender role traits and curiosity, and a negative correlation between this trait and internalizing problem behavior; these associations were independent of the gender of the adolescents and the presence of male role models. In sum, the absence of male role models did not adversely affect the psychological adjustment of adolescents reared by Lesbian mothers.
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Adolescents of the U.S. National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study: Sexual Orientation, Sexual Behavior, and Sexual Risk Exposure
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2011Co-Authors: Nanette K. Gartrell, Henny M W Bos, Naomi G GoldbergAbstract:This study assessed Kinsey self-ratings and lifetime sexual experiences of 17-year-olds whose Lesbian mothers enrolled before these offspring were born in the longest-running, prospective study of same-sex parented families, with a 93% retention rate to date. Data for the current report were gathered through online questionnaires completed by 78 adolescent offspring (39 girls and 39 boys). The adolescents were asked if they had ever been abused and, if so, to specify by whom and the type of abuse (verbal, emotional, physical, or sexual). They were also asked to specify their sexual identity on the Kinsey scale, between exclusively heterosexual and exclusively homosexual. Lifetime sexual behavior was assessed through questions about heterosexual and same-sex contact, age of first sexual experience, contraception use, and pregnancy. The results revealed that there were no reports of physical or sexual victimization by a parent or other caregiver. Regarding sexual orientation, 18.9% of the adolescent girls and 2.7% of the adolescent boys self-rated in the bisexual spectrum, and 0% of girls and 5.4% of boys self-rated as predominantly-to-exclusively homosexual. When compared with age- and gender-matched adolescents of the National Survey of Family Growth, the study offspring were significantly older at the time of their first heterosexual contact, and the daughters of Lesbian mothers were significantly more likely to have had same-sex contact. These findings suggest that adolescents reared in Lesbian families are less likely than their peers to be victimized by a parent or other caregiver, and that daughters of Lesbian mothers are more likely to engage in same-sex behavior and to identify as bisexual.
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substance use by adolescents of the usa national longitudinal Lesbian Family study
Journal of Health Psychology, 2011Co-Authors: Naomi G Goldberg, Henny M W Bos, Nanette GartrellAbstract:Although studies show that adolescents with same-sex parents experience homophobic discrimination, little is known about associations between stigmatization and substance use in this population. The 17-year-old offspring of Lesbian parents from the largest, longest-running, longitudinal study of same-sex parented families were surveyed about substance use, experiences of homophobic stigmatization, and overall life satisfaction. Compared to matched adolescents from a national probability sample, adolescents with same-sex parents were more likely to report occasional substance use but not more likely to report heavy use. No associations were found between substance use and homophobic stigmatization or life satisfaction.