The Experts below are selected from a list of 156 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hong Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
temporal and spatial variability of traffic related noise in the city of toronto canada
Science of The Total Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Ye Li, S L Johnson, James Johnson, Sunil Varughese, Ray Copes, Hao Jiang Wu, Hong ChenAbstract:Abstract The majority of studies that assessed population-Level exposure to traffic-related noise were conducted in European countries and less is known about the exposure to traffic noise in North America, particularly in Canadian cities. This study explored the temporal and spatial variability of traffic noise in the City of Toronto, the largest city in Canada. We conducted two cycles of intensive field measurement campaign to collect real-time measurements of traffic noise at 554 locations across Toronto between June 2012 and January 2013. At each site, we collected measurements for a period of 30 min during daytime. Repeated measurements were made in cycle two at 62 locations randomly selected from cycle one, which exhibited high correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r): 0.79). In addition, continuous measurements of noise were recorded for seven days at ten sites. We observed that noise variability was predominantly spatial in nature, rather than temporal: spatial variability accounted for 60% of the total observed variations in traffic noise. Traffic volume, length of arterial road, and industrial area were three most important variables, explaining the majority of the spatial variability of noise ( R 2 = 0.68 to 0.74, depending on the cycle). In comparison to the 16-h equivalent sound Level Guideline for outdoor locations set out by the Ministry of the Environment of the Province of Ontario, 80% of our sampled locations exceeded this Guideline (i.e. 55 dBA,16 h). These findings suggested ubiquitous traffic noise exposure across Toronto and that noise variability was explained mostly by spatial characteristics.
-
Temporal and spatial variability of traffic-related noise in the City of Toronto, Canada.
The Science of the total environment, 2013Co-Authors: Fei Zuo, S L Johnson, James Johnson, Sunil Varughese, Ray Copes, Fuan Liu, Rebecca Hou, Hong ChenAbstract:Abstract The majority of studies that assessed population-Level exposure to traffic-related noise were conducted in European countries and less is known about the exposure to traffic noise in North America, particularly in Canadian cities. This study explored the temporal and spatial variability of traffic noise in the City of Toronto, the largest city in Canada. We conducted two cycles of intensive field measurement campaign to collect real-time measurements of traffic noise at 554 locations across Toronto between June 2012 and January 2013. At each site, we collected measurements for a period of 30 min during daytime. Repeated measurements were made in cycle two at 62 locations randomly selected from cycle one, which exhibited high correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r): 0.79). In addition, continuous measurements of noise were recorded for seven days at ten sites. We observed that noise variability was predominantly spatial in nature, rather than temporal: spatial variability accounted for 60% of the total observed variations in traffic noise. Traffic volume, length of arterial road, and industrial area were three most important variables, explaining the majority of the spatial variability of noise ( R 2 = 0.68 to 0.74, depending on the cycle). In comparison to the 16-h equivalent sound Level Guideline for outdoor locations set out by the Ministry of the Environment of the Province of Ontario, 80% of our sampled locations exceeded this Guideline (i.e. 55 dBA,16 h). These findings suggested ubiquitous traffic noise exposure across Toronto and that noise variability was explained mostly by spatial characteristics.
D.j. Gregor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Baseline studies in the Slave River, NWT, 1990–1994: Part I. Evaluation of the chemical quality of water and suspended sediment from the Slave River (NWT)
Science of The Total Environment, 1997Co-Authors: L. H. Mccarthy, G.r. Stephens, J. Peddle, T.g. Williams, K. Robertson, D.j. GregorAbstract:The Slave River watershed at the Alberta-Northwest Territories border drains a large area and is the recipient of chemical compounds from a variety of aquatic sources, including the Athabasca and Peace Rivers. The potential for contamination from industrial and agricultural processes upstream is very real. Thus, the Slave River Environmental Quality Monitoring Program was established in 1990 to assess the water and suspended sediment quality in the territorial portion of the river. A baseline data set with which to determine present and future effects from upstream activities and long-range transport of contaminants was created. The number of ‘above detect’ data points from measurements of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated phenolics (CPs) in water was small and those concentrations of compounds that were above analytical detection limits were very low and unlikely to have adverse effects on the ecosystem. No pesticide Levels were ever detected in the water during the 5-year monitoring period, even though long-range transport of these contaminants to the Arctic have been well-documented. Levels of metals were often observed in measurable concentrations in the Slave River water, and frequently exceeded water quality Guidelines, although not by any substantial amount. It was concluded that although the concentrations were relatively high, the metals are probably occurring naturally, and not from upstream industrial sources. It was speculated that aquatic biota had probably adapted to these Levels. Although PAH concentrations in suspended sediment from the Slave River at Fort Smith often exceeded the ‘Lowest Effect Level’ Guideline established in bottom sediment by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, values remained well below the ‘Severe Effect Level’. Conclusions were reached that PAH concentrations in Slave River suspended sediment were not substantial enough to cause a threat to the ecosystem. Metal Levels in suspended sediment remained variable over the 5-year monitoring period and no trends could be seen regarding an overall increase or decrease in concentrations. The low number of ‘above detect’ data points for pesticides and chlorinated phenolics observed in the suspended sediment during the program suggested that adverse impacts would not be occurring from these contaminants in the watershed. Lastly, although certain concentrations of dioxins and furans were measured and were often higher than Levels observed in the Wapiti/Smoky River system and the Athabasca River, the values were very small and the contributing homologues had a minimal toxic potential. Detectable Levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were never observed in the suspended sediment in the Slave River at Fort Smith. Sediment elutriate tests over a 48 h period using Dophnia magna and Photobacterium phosphoreum (Microtox) indicated little acute toxicity. These results seem plausible, given that chemical concentrations of contaminants in the suspended sediment were generally very low or below analytical detection. It can be concluded from the extensive data set collected during the 5-year program that impact from upstream industrial and agricultural sources is, at the present time, negligible, and that the environmental quality of the Slave River at Fort Smith is pristine. Also, the extensive data set has established a baseline, which can be used for future comparative purposes.
-
Chemical quality of water and suspended sediment from the Slave River, NWT, 1990--1994
1995Co-Authors: G.r. Stephens, J. Peddle, L. H. Mccarthy, T.g. Williams, K. Robertson, D.j. GregorAbstract:The Slave River basin, straddling the Alberta-Northwest Territories (NWT) border, faces potential contamination from industrial development and agricultural practices. The Slave River Environmental Monitoring Program was established in 1990 to assess the water and suspended sediment quality in the territorial portion of the river at Fort Smith, NWT. The number of ``above detect`` data for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated phenolics (CPs) in water was small, while concentrations of those compounds above analytical detection limits were very low. No pesticides were detected in the water during the five-year monitoring period; however, Levels of metals were often observed in measurable concentrations, frequently above water quality Guidelines. While concentrations were relatively high, the metals were probably not due to anthropogenic activity. Concentrations of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in suspended sediment often exceeded the ``Lowest Effect Level`` Guideline established for bottom sediment by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, but were always well below the ``Severe Effect Level``. Metal Levels in suspended sediment varied over the monitoring period and no trends were discernible. The low number of ``above detect`` data for pesticides and chlorinated phenolics in the suspended sediment suggest little potential adverse impact. Concentrations of dioxins and furans weremore » measured, but the Levels were very small and the contributing homologues had minimal toxic potential. No detectable Levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were observed. It was concluded from the extensive data collected during the five-year program that impact from upstream industrial and agricultural sources is, at the present time, negligible.« less
L. H. Mccarthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Baseline studies in the Slave River, NWT, 1990–1994: Part I. Evaluation of the chemical quality of water and suspended sediment from the Slave River (NWT)
Science of The Total Environment, 1997Co-Authors: L. H. Mccarthy, G.r. Stephens, J. Peddle, T.g. Williams, K. Robertson, D.j. GregorAbstract:The Slave River watershed at the Alberta-Northwest Territories border drains a large area and is the recipient of chemical compounds from a variety of aquatic sources, including the Athabasca and Peace Rivers. The potential for contamination from industrial and agricultural processes upstream is very real. Thus, the Slave River Environmental Quality Monitoring Program was established in 1990 to assess the water and suspended sediment quality in the territorial portion of the river. A baseline data set with which to determine present and future effects from upstream activities and long-range transport of contaminants was created. The number of ‘above detect’ data points from measurements of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated phenolics (CPs) in water was small and those concentrations of compounds that were above analytical detection limits were very low and unlikely to have adverse effects on the ecosystem. No pesticide Levels were ever detected in the water during the 5-year monitoring period, even though long-range transport of these contaminants to the Arctic have been well-documented. Levels of metals were often observed in measurable concentrations in the Slave River water, and frequently exceeded water quality Guidelines, although not by any substantial amount. It was concluded that although the concentrations were relatively high, the metals are probably occurring naturally, and not from upstream industrial sources. It was speculated that aquatic biota had probably adapted to these Levels. Although PAH concentrations in suspended sediment from the Slave River at Fort Smith often exceeded the ‘Lowest Effect Level’ Guideline established in bottom sediment by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, values remained well below the ‘Severe Effect Level’. Conclusions were reached that PAH concentrations in Slave River suspended sediment were not substantial enough to cause a threat to the ecosystem. Metal Levels in suspended sediment remained variable over the 5-year monitoring period and no trends could be seen regarding an overall increase or decrease in concentrations. The low number of ‘above detect’ data points for pesticides and chlorinated phenolics observed in the suspended sediment during the program suggested that adverse impacts would not be occurring from these contaminants in the watershed. Lastly, although certain concentrations of dioxins and furans were measured and were often higher than Levels observed in the Wapiti/Smoky River system and the Athabasca River, the values were very small and the contributing homologues had a minimal toxic potential. Detectable Levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were never observed in the suspended sediment in the Slave River at Fort Smith. Sediment elutriate tests over a 48 h period using Dophnia magna and Photobacterium phosphoreum (Microtox) indicated little acute toxicity. These results seem plausible, given that chemical concentrations of contaminants in the suspended sediment were generally very low or below analytical detection. It can be concluded from the extensive data set collected during the 5-year program that impact from upstream industrial and agricultural sources is, at the present time, negligible, and that the environmental quality of the Slave River at Fort Smith is pristine. Also, the extensive data set has established a baseline, which can be used for future comparative purposes.
-
Chemical quality of water and suspended sediment from the Slave River, NWT, 1990--1994
1995Co-Authors: G.r. Stephens, J. Peddle, L. H. Mccarthy, T.g. Williams, K. Robertson, D.j. GregorAbstract:The Slave River basin, straddling the Alberta-Northwest Territories (NWT) border, faces potential contamination from industrial development and agricultural practices. The Slave River Environmental Monitoring Program was established in 1990 to assess the water and suspended sediment quality in the territorial portion of the river at Fort Smith, NWT. The number of ``above detect`` data for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated phenolics (CPs) in water was small, while concentrations of those compounds above analytical detection limits were very low. No pesticides were detected in the water during the five-year monitoring period; however, Levels of metals were often observed in measurable concentrations, frequently above water quality Guidelines. While concentrations were relatively high, the metals were probably not due to anthropogenic activity. Concentrations of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in suspended sediment often exceeded the ``Lowest Effect Level`` Guideline established for bottom sediment by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, but were always well below the ``Severe Effect Level``. Metal Levels in suspended sediment varied over the monitoring period and no trends were discernible. The low number of ``above detect`` data for pesticides and chlorinated phenolics in the suspended sediment suggest little potential adverse impact. Concentrations of dioxins and furans weremore » measured, but the Levels were very small and the contributing homologues had minimal toxic potential. No detectable Levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD were observed. It was concluded from the extensive data collected during the five-year program that impact from upstream industrial and agricultural sources is, at the present time, negligible.« less
Ray Copes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
temporal and spatial variability of traffic related noise in the city of toronto canada
Science of The Total Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Ye Li, S L Johnson, James Johnson, Sunil Varughese, Ray Copes, Hao Jiang Wu, Hong ChenAbstract:Abstract The majority of studies that assessed population-Level exposure to traffic-related noise were conducted in European countries and less is known about the exposure to traffic noise in North America, particularly in Canadian cities. This study explored the temporal and spatial variability of traffic noise in the City of Toronto, the largest city in Canada. We conducted two cycles of intensive field measurement campaign to collect real-time measurements of traffic noise at 554 locations across Toronto between June 2012 and January 2013. At each site, we collected measurements for a period of 30 min during daytime. Repeated measurements were made in cycle two at 62 locations randomly selected from cycle one, which exhibited high correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r): 0.79). In addition, continuous measurements of noise were recorded for seven days at ten sites. We observed that noise variability was predominantly spatial in nature, rather than temporal: spatial variability accounted for 60% of the total observed variations in traffic noise. Traffic volume, length of arterial road, and industrial area were three most important variables, explaining the majority of the spatial variability of noise ( R 2 = 0.68 to 0.74, depending on the cycle). In comparison to the 16-h equivalent sound Level Guideline for outdoor locations set out by the Ministry of the Environment of the Province of Ontario, 80% of our sampled locations exceeded this Guideline (i.e. 55 dBA,16 h). These findings suggested ubiquitous traffic noise exposure across Toronto and that noise variability was explained mostly by spatial characteristics.
-
Temporal and spatial variability of traffic-related noise in the City of Toronto, Canada.
The Science of the total environment, 2013Co-Authors: Fei Zuo, S L Johnson, James Johnson, Sunil Varughese, Ray Copes, Fuan Liu, Rebecca Hou, Hong ChenAbstract:Abstract The majority of studies that assessed population-Level exposure to traffic-related noise were conducted in European countries and less is known about the exposure to traffic noise in North America, particularly in Canadian cities. This study explored the temporal and spatial variability of traffic noise in the City of Toronto, the largest city in Canada. We conducted two cycles of intensive field measurement campaign to collect real-time measurements of traffic noise at 554 locations across Toronto between June 2012 and January 2013. At each site, we collected measurements for a period of 30 min during daytime. Repeated measurements were made in cycle two at 62 locations randomly selected from cycle one, which exhibited high correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r): 0.79). In addition, continuous measurements of noise were recorded for seven days at ten sites. We observed that noise variability was predominantly spatial in nature, rather than temporal: spatial variability accounted for 60% of the total observed variations in traffic noise. Traffic volume, length of arterial road, and industrial area were three most important variables, explaining the majority of the spatial variability of noise ( R 2 = 0.68 to 0.74, depending on the cycle). In comparison to the 16-h equivalent sound Level Guideline for outdoor locations set out by the Ministry of the Environment of the Province of Ontario, 80% of our sampled locations exceeded this Guideline (i.e. 55 dBA,16 h). These findings suggested ubiquitous traffic noise exposure across Toronto and that noise variability was explained mostly by spatial characteristics.
Sunil Varughese - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
temporal and spatial variability of traffic related noise in the city of toronto canada
Science of The Total Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Ye Li, S L Johnson, James Johnson, Sunil Varughese, Ray Copes, Hao Jiang Wu, Hong ChenAbstract:Abstract The majority of studies that assessed population-Level exposure to traffic-related noise were conducted in European countries and less is known about the exposure to traffic noise in North America, particularly in Canadian cities. This study explored the temporal and spatial variability of traffic noise in the City of Toronto, the largest city in Canada. We conducted two cycles of intensive field measurement campaign to collect real-time measurements of traffic noise at 554 locations across Toronto between June 2012 and January 2013. At each site, we collected measurements for a period of 30 min during daytime. Repeated measurements were made in cycle two at 62 locations randomly selected from cycle one, which exhibited high correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r): 0.79). In addition, continuous measurements of noise were recorded for seven days at ten sites. We observed that noise variability was predominantly spatial in nature, rather than temporal: spatial variability accounted for 60% of the total observed variations in traffic noise. Traffic volume, length of arterial road, and industrial area were three most important variables, explaining the majority of the spatial variability of noise ( R 2 = 0.68 to 0.74, depending on the cycle). In comparison to the 16-h equivalent sound Level Guideline for outdoor locations set out by the Ministry of the Environment of the Province of Ontario, 80% of our sampled locations exceeded this Guideline (i.e. 55 dBA,16 h). These findings suggested ubiquitous traffic noise exposure across Toronto and that noise variability was explained mostly by spatial characteristics.
-
Temporal and spatial variability of traffic-related noise in the City of Toronto, Canada.
The Science of the total environment, 2013Co-Authors: Fei Zuo, S L Johnson, James Johnson, Sunil Varughese, Ray Copes, Fuan Liu, Rebecca Hou, Hong ChenAbstract:Abstract The majority of studies that assessed population-Level exposure to traffic-related noise were conducted in European countries and less is known about the exposure to traffic noise in North America, particularly in Canadian cities. This study explored the temporal and spatial variability of traffic noise in the City of Toronto, the largest city in Canada. We conducted two cycles of intensive field measurement campaign to collect real-time measurements of traffic noise at 554 locations across Toronto between June 2012 and January 2013. At each site, we collected measurements for a period of 30 min during daytime. Repeated measurements were made in cycle two at 62 locations randomly selected from cycle one, which exhibited high correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r): 0.79). In addition, continuous measurements of noise were recorded for seven days at ten sites. We observed that noise variability was predominantly spatial in nature, rather than temporal: spatial variability accounted for 60% of the total observed variations in traffic noise. Traffic volume, length of arterial road, and industrial area were three most important variables, explaining the majority of the spatial variability of noise ( R 2 = 0.68 to 0.74, depending on the cycle). In comparison to the 16-h equivalent sound Level Guideline for outdoor locations set out by the Ministry of the Environment of the Province of Ontario, 80% of our sampled locations exceeded this Guideline (i.e. 55 dBA,16 h). These findings suggested ubiquitous traffic noise exposure across Toronto and that noise variability was explained mostly by spatial characteristics.