The Experts below are selected from a list of 5631 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David M. Mitchell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Blinded by the Light: Economic Analysis of Severe Light Pollution
Journal of Economics, 2020Co-Authors: Terrel Gallaway, Reed Neil Olsen, David M. MitchellAbstract:This paper examines severe Light Pollution such as commonly found in large urban areas. Light Pollution is the unintended negative consequences of poorly designed and injudiciously used artificial Lighting. Light Pollution generates significant costs including wasted energy and damage to human health, wildlife, recreation, and the beauty of the night sky. Typically, Light-Pollution models emphasize population density and ignore economic factors. Economic analysis of the issue has been singularly limited. Previous economic research has focused on widespread, but very low levels of Light Pollution. This paper makes a unique contribution by analyzing economic factors of severe Light Pollution. The paper utilizes economic data from the World Bank and unique remote sensing data for 184 countries to quantify the economic causes of severe Light Pollution. Fractional logit models confirm the importance of population and economic factors alike.
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Modelling US Light Pollution
Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 2013Co-Authors: Reed Neil Olsen, Terrel A. Gallaway, David M. MitchellAbstract:This paper uses a unique US dataset to study the economic causes of Light Pollution at the local (county) level. Light Pollution has been shown to have negative consequences for both wildlife and humans. Light Pollution is a form of Pollution commonly ignored by environmental professionals. Traditionally, Light-Pollution models focus on population-based explanations. This paper confirms the importance of population in understanding Light Pollution. However, the results highLight the importance of economic variables, especially local economic development, in explaining the existence and extent of Light Pollution. Estimated models show, for example, that local employment patterns, personal income, roads and energy use are all important explanatory variables. By highLighting the connections between Light Pollution and specific types of local economic activity, this paper provides policy makers with additional information that they can use to improve public policies intended to safeguard the environment and local wildlife.
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the economics of global Light Pollution
Ecological Economics, 2010Co-Authors: Terrel Gallaway, Reed Neil Olsen, David M. MitchellAbstract:This paper is the first analysis of the economic factors of global Light Pollution. Light Pollution commonly refers to excessive or obtrusive artificial Light caused by bad Lighting design. Light Pollution generates significant costs including negative impacts on wildlife, health, astronomy, and wasted energy--which in the U.S. amounts to nearly 7Â billion dollars annually. Current scientific models of Light Pollution are purely population based. The current paper utilizes unique remote sensing data and economic data from the World Bank to quantify the economic causes of Light Pollution globally. Fractional logit models show that, similar to other types of Pollution, both population and GDP are significant explanatory variables.
Wei Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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potentiality of using luojia 1 01 nighttime Light imagery to investigate artificial Light Pollution
Sensors, 2018Co-Authors: Wei Jiang, Guojin He, Tengfei Long, Wanchun Leng, Guizhou WangAbstract:: The successful launch of Luojia 1-01 complements the existing nighttime Light data with a high spatial resolution of 130 m. This paper is the first study to assess the potential of using Luojia 1-01 nighttime Light imagery for investigating artificial Light Pollution. Eight Luojia 1-01 images were selected to conduct geometric correction. Then, the ability of Luojia 1-01 to detect artificial Light Pollution was assessed from three aspects, including the comparison between Luojia 1-01 and the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS), the source of artificial Light Pollution and the patterns of urban Light Pollution. Moreover, the advantages and limitations of Luojia 1-01 were discussed. The results showed the following: (1) Luojia 1-01 can detect a higher dynamic range and capture the finer spatial details of artificial nighttime Light. (2) The averages of the artificial Light brightness were different between various land use types. The brightness of the artificial Light Pollution of airports, streets, and commercial services is high, while dark areas include farmland and rivers. (3) The Light Pollution patterns of four cities decreased away from the urban core and the total Light Pollution is highly related to the economic development. Our findings confirm that Luojia 1-01 can be effectively used to investigate artificial Light Pollution. Some limitations of Luojia 1-01, including its spectral range, radiometric calibration and the effects of clouds and moonLight, should be researched in future studies.
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assessment of Light Pollution impact on protected areas in china
ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2017Co-Authors: Wei Jiang, Guoli He, Y NiAbstract:Abstract. The Protected Areas (PAs) with natural, ecological and cultural value play important role in biological processes, biodiversity and ecosystem service. During the past years of rapid urban expansion in China, the spatial range and intensity of Light Pollution unprecedented increase. Historically, optical remote sensing and field survey data had been used to reveal that human activities impacted on PAs for individual areas and few papers documented the issue of Light Pollution impact on PAs at national scale. Here, time series night-time Light satellite images of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) were selected to assess the Light Pollution impacted on PAs in China. The method we proposed can be effectively applied to assess the impact of Light Pollution on PAs and the percent of dark PAs decreased by 35.38 % from 1992 to 2012 at nationwide. The trend of Light Pollution of most PAs in stable, however, Light Pollution of the local area is increase significantly, especially in northern Xinjiang, Gansu, Xizang, Yunnan, Jiangsu and Shandong. Considering the current status of Light Pollution encroach into PAs, two strategies of appropriate buffer zone and wide measured for Light Pollution are also recommend.
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assessing Light Pollution in china based on nighttime Light imagery
Remote Sensing, 2017Co-Authors: Wei Jiang, Guojin He, Tengfei Long, Chen Wang, Yuan NiAbstract:Rapid urbanization and economic development inevitably lead to Light Pollution, which has become a universal environmental issue. In order to reveal the spatiotemporal patterns and evolvement rules of Light Pollution in China, images from 1992 to 2012 were selected from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) and systematically corrected to ensure consistency. Furthermore, we employed a linear regression trend method and nighttime Light index method to demonstrate China’s Light Pollution characteristics across national, regional, and provincial scales, respectively. We found that: (1) China’s Light Pollution expanded significantly in provincial capital cities over the past 21 years and hot-spots of Light Pollution were located in the eastern coastal region. The Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei regions have formed Light Pollution stretch areas; (2) China’s Light Pollution was mainly focused in areas of north China (NC) and east China (EC), which, together, accounted for over 50% of the Light Pollution for the whole country. The fastest growth of Light Pollution was observed in northwest China (NWC), followed by southwest China (SWC). The growth rates of east China (EC), central China (CC), and northeast China (NEC) were stable, while those of north China (NC) and south China (SC) declined; (3) Light Pollution at the provincial scale was mainly located in the Shandong, Guangdong, and Hebei provinces, whereas the fastest growth of Light Pollution was in Tibet and Hainan. However, Light Pollution levels in the developed provinces (Hong Kong, Macao, Shanghai, and Tianjin) were higher than those of the undeveloped provinces. Similarly, the Light Pollution heterogeneities of Taiwan, Beijing, and Shanghai were higher than those of undeveloped western provinces.
Guizhou Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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potentiality of using luojia 1 01 nighttime Light imagery to investigate artificial Light Pollution
Sensors, 2018Co-Authors: Wei Jiang, Guojin He, Tengfei Long, Wanchun Leng, Guizhou WangAbstract:: The successful launch of Luojia 1-01 complements the existing nighttime Light data with a high spatial resolution of 130 m. This paper is the first study to assess the potential of using Luojia 1-01 nighttime Light imagery for investigating artificial Light Pollution. Eight Luojia 1-01 images were selected to conduct geometric correction. Then, the ability of Luojia 1-01 to detect artificial Light Pollution was assessed from three aspects, including the comparison between Luojia 1-01 and the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS), the source of artificial Light Pollution and the patterns of urban Light Pollution. Moreover, the advantages and limitations of Luojia 1-01 were discussed. The results showed the following: (1) Luojia 1-01 can detect a higher dynamic range and capture the finer spatial details of artificial nighttime Light. (2) The averages of the artificial Light brightness were different between various land use types. The brightness of the artificial Light Pollution of airports, streets, and commercial services is high, while dark areas include farmland and rivers. (3) The Light Pollution patterns of four cities decreased away from the urban core and the total Light Pollution is highly related to the economic development. Our findings confirm that Luojia 1-01 can be effectively used to investigate artificial Light Pollution. Some limitations of Luojia 1-01, including its spectral range, radiometric calibration and the effects of clouds and moonLight, should be researched in future studies.
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Global Light Pollution Dynamics from 1992 to 2012 Based on Nighttime Light Remote Sensing
2018 Fifth International Workshop on Earth Observation and Remote Sensing Applications (EORSA), 2018Co-Authors: He Guojin, Long Tengfei, Guizhou Wang, Yin Ranyu, Jiao WeiliAbstract:Light Pollution has become an extensive environmental issue around world and nighttime Light remote sensing technology is an unique and convenient mean to capture artificial Light of surface earth. This paper aims to investigate the Light Pollution dynamics at global scale from 1992 to 2012 through nighttime Light remote sensing. The time series Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) are selected to be systematically corrected. And then, linear regression trend method, total nighttime Light(TNL) index and change rate of total Light (RCL) index are employed to explore and analysis the dynamic pattern of global Light Pollution. We find that: (1) in the longitude level, Light Pollution mainly ranges from 30W to 130W in western hemisphere. Moreover, the Light Pollution mainly locates in middle latitudes of northern hemisphere at latitudinal level. (2) Light Pollution in Asia and South America shows a significant increasing trend and sLight growth in Europe, Africa and Oceania. (3) Light Pollution in China, India, Southeast Asia, Belarus, Egypt, Iran and Italy, increase rapidly over the past of 21 years. However, Light Pollution decreases are mainly located in some developed countries, including America, Ukraine, England and France. These results can help us to understand global Light Pollution dynamics and assist government to make policy regarding to Light Pollution.
P. Cinzano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantifying Light Pollution
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer, 2014Co-Authors: P. Cinzano, Fabrizio FalchiAbstract:Abstract In this paper we review new available indicators useful to quantify and monitor Light Pollution, defined as the alteration of the natural quantity of Light in the night environment due to introduction of manmade Light. With the introduction of recent radiative transfer methods for the computation of Light Pollution propagation, several new indicators become available. These indicators represent a primary step in Light Pollution quantification, beyond the bare evaluation of the night sky brightness, which is an observational effect integrated along the line of sight and thus lacking the three-dimensional information.
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Quantifying Light Pollution
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 2014Co-Authors: P. Cinzano, Fabrizio FalchiAbstract:In this paper we review new available indicators useful to quantify and monitor Light Pollution, defined as the alteration of the natural quantity of Light in the night environment due to introduction of manmade Light. With the introduction of recent radiative transfer methods for the computation of Light Pollution propagation, several new indicators become available. These indicators represent a primary step in Light Pollution quantification, beyond the bare evaluation of the night sky brightness, which is an observational effect integrated along the line of sight and thus lacking the three-dimensional information. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
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a laboratory of photometry and radiometry of Light Pollution lplab
2003Co-Authors: P. CinzanoAbstract:We present the Laboratory of Photometry and Radiometry of Light Pollution (LPLAB) that we set up to provide the Light Pollution Science and Technology Institute (ISTIL) of instruments and calibration services to support its scientific and technological research on Light Pollution and related environ- mental e!ects. The laboratory equipments are characterized by low Light intensity measurement and calibration capabilities and by the portability typically required by on-site measurements. Some of them have been set up for the specific needs of this field of study. Photometric and radiometric calibration services are pro- vided by the laboratory to ensure that instruments are accurate and traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). With the instru- ments of the laboratory a number of studies and collaborations are carried on, like the project "Global monitoring of Light Pollution and night sky brightness from satellite measurements", supported by the Italian Space Agency, and the project "Light Pollution and the situation of the night sky at astronomical sites" carried on at the University of Padova, Italy.
Fabrizio Falchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantifying Light Pollution
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer, 2014Co-Authors: P. Cinzano, Fabrizio FalchiAbstract:Abstract In this paper we review new available indicators useful to quantify and monitor Light Pollution, defined as the alteration of the natural quantity of Light in the night environment due to introduction of manmade Light. With the introduction of recent radiative transfer methods for the computation of Light Pollution propagation, several new indicators become available. These indicators represent a primary step in Light Pollution quantification, beyond the bare evaluation of the night sky brightness, which is an observational effect integrated along the line of sight and thus lacking the three-dimensional information.
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Quantifying Light Pollution
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 2014Co-Authors: P. Cinzano, Fabrizio FalchiAbstract:In this paper we review new available indicators useful to quantify and monitor Light Pollution, defined as the alteration of the natural quantity of Light in the night environment due to introduction of manmade Light. With the introduction of recent radiative transfer methods for the computation of Light Pollution propagation, several new indicators become available. These indicators represent a primary step in Light Pollution quantification, beyond the bare evaluation of the night sky brightness, which is an observational effect integrated along the line of sight and thus lacking the three-dimensional information. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.