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Ichisuke Kawahara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Study by scanning electron microscopy of the morphogenesis of three types of Lingual Papilla in the rat.
The Anatomical record, 1997Co-Authors: Shin-ichi Iwasaki, Hideki Yoshizawa, Ichisuke KawaharaAbstract:Background Many mammals have four different types of Lingual Papilla, namely filiform, fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate Papillae, on the dorsal or lateral surface of the tongue. However, details of the morphogenesis of these Lingual Papillae have not been reported. We have investigated the changes in the three-dimensional ultrastructure that occur during the morphogenesis of filiform, fungiform, and circumvallate Papillae in rats during fetal and postnatal development. Methods Tongues were removed from rat fetuses on days 12 (E12) and 16 (E16) of gestation from newborns (P0) and from juveniles on days 7 (P7) and 14 (P14), and 21 (P21) after birth. Scanning electron microscopy was used for all observations. Results In fetuses at E12, the rudiments of fungiform Papillae could be observed as two rows of bulges that extended bilaterally and parallel to the median sulcus on the anterior half of the dorsal surface of the tongue. In fetuses at E16, the arrangement of the rudiments of fungiform Papillae was relatively regular, with a latticelike pattern. At this stage, the outline of the rudiment of the circumvallate Papilla could be recognized on the median line between the Lingual body and the Lingual radix. No rudiments of filiform Papillae were visible. At P0, rudiments of filiform Papillae were compactly distributed over the dorsal surface in the same way as in the adult. The width of these rudiments was about one-fourth that of fungiform Papillae, and their tips were round as compared with those of filiform Papillae in the adult. The fungiform and circumvallate Papillae were large, and their outlines were somewhat irregular, as in the adult. In juveniles at P7, filiform Papillae were long and slender. On the intermolar eminence, filiform Papillar structures were quite large. A taste pore was clearly visible at the center of each fungiform Papilla at this stage. The shape of the circumvallate Papilla was similar to that in the adult. In juveniles at P14 and P21, the shapes of all three types of Papilla were almost same as those in the adult. Conclusions The rudiments of each of the three different kinds of Lingual Papilla appeared at a different respective stage of development in rats. The rudiments of the fungiform and circumvallate Papillae, which are related to the sense of taste, were visible earlier than those of the filiform Papillae, which are not involved in this sense. Anat. Rec. 247:528–541, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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STUDY BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE MORPHOGENESIS OF THREE TYPES OF Lingual Papilla IN THE MOUSE
Acta anatomica, 1996Co-Authors: Shin-ichi Iwasaki, Hideki Yoshizawa, Ichisuke KawaharaAbstract:Tongues were removed from fetuses of mice on the 15th day of gestation (E15), from newborns (PO), from juveniles on the 7th day (P7) and on the 14th day (P14) after birth for examination by scanning e
Shin-ichi Iwasaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Study by scanning electron microscopy of the morphogenesis of three types of Lingual Papilla in the rat.
The Anatomical record, 1997Co-Authors: Shin-ichi Iwasaki, Hideki Yoshizawa, Ichisuke KawaharaAbstract:Background Many mammals have four different types of Lingual Papilla, namely filiform, fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate Papillae, on the dorsal or lateral surface of the tongue. However, details of the morphogenesis of these Lingual Papillae have not been reported. We have investigated the changes in the three-dimensional ultrastructure that occur during the morphogenesis of filiform, fungiform, and circumvallate Papillae in rats during fetal and postnatal development. Methods Tongues were removed from rat fetuses on days 12 (E12) and 16 (E16) of gestation from newborns (P0) and from juveniles on days 7 (P7) and 14 (P14), and 21 (P21) after birth. Scanning electron microscopy was used for all observations. Results In fetuses at E12, the rudiments of fungiform Papillae could be observed as two rows of bulges that extended bilaterally and parallel to the median sulcus on the anterior half of the dorsal surface of the tongue. In fetuses at E16, the arrangement of the rudiments of fungiform Papillae was relatively regular, with a latticelike pattern. At this stage, the outline of the rudiment of the circumvallate Papilla could be recognized on the median line between the Lingual body and the Lingual radix. No rudiments of filiform Papillae were visible. At P0, rudiments of filiform Papillae were compactly distributed over the dorsal surface in the same way as in the adult. The width of these rudiments was about one-fourth that of fungiform Papillae, and their tips were round as compared with those of filiform Papillae in the adult. The fungiform and circumvallate Papillae were large, and their outlines were somewhat irregular, as in the adult. In juveniles at P7, filiform Papillae were long and slender. On the intermolar eminence, filiform Papillar structures were quite large. A taste pore was clearly visible at the center of each fungiform Papilla at this stage. The shape of the circumvallate Papilla was similar to that in the adult. In juveniles at P14 and P21, the shapes of all three types of Papilla were almost same as those in the adult. Conclusions The rudiments of each of the three different kinds of Lingual Papilla appeared at a different respective stage of development in rats. The rudiments of the fungiform and circumvallate Papillae, which are related to the sense of taste, were visible earlier than those of the filiform Papillae, which are not involved in this sense. Anat. Rec. 247:528–541, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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STUDY BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE MORPHOGENESIS OF THREE TYPES OF Lingual Papilla IN THE MOUSE
Acta anatomica, 1996Co-Authors: Shin-ichi Iwasaki, Hideki Yoshizawa, Ichisuke KawaharaAbstract:Tongues were removed from fetuses of mice on the 15th day of gestation (E15), from newborns (PO), from juveniles on the 7th day (P7) and on the 14th day (P14) after birth for examination by scanning e
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Fine Structure of the Dorsal Epithelium of the Tongue of the Japanese Terrapin, Clemmys japonica (Cheloia, Emydinae).
Archives of histology and cytology, 1992Co-Authors: Shin-ichi Iwasaki, Tomoichiro Asami, Yasuko Asami, Kan KobayashiAbstract:As reptiles are situated phylogenetically between the amphibians and the mammals, they exhibit considerable variation in the structure of their tongues. The present study, one of a series of studies on reptile tongues, aims to demonstrate the three-dimensional structure of the dorsal Lingual surface of a turtle, the Japanese terrapin Clemmys japonica, and to clarify the ultrastructural features of the Lingual epithelial cells. In the study Lingual Papillae were observed by scanning electron microscopy to be widely distributed over the dorsal surface of the tongue. Irregularly shaped (conical, columnar or angular) Papillae were located in the anterior and central areas, and ridge-like ones, in the latero-posterior area. Histological examination revealed that the connective tissue penetrated into the core of the Papillae, and the epithelium was of a stratified squamous and/or cuboidal type. Under the transmission electron microscope, two types of cells were identified in the intermediate layer of the apical epithelium of the Lingual Papilla: one type was probably an immature mucous cell, whereas the other was elongated in a baso-apical direction, its cytoplasm containing fine granules. In the surface layer of the apical epithelium, typical mucous cells and cells containing numerous, fine, electron-lucent granules were recognized. Both types of cells possessed microvilli on their free-surfaces. In the lateral epithelium of the Lingual Papillae, the cytological features from the basal layer to the superficial intermediate layer were essentially the same as in the apical epithelium. However, in the surface layer, mucous cells were significantly larger in number than in the apical epithelium.
Ikuo Kageyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Light and scanning electron microscopic study on the Lingual Papillae and their connective tissue cores of the Cape hyrax Procavia capensis
Journal of anatomy, 2008Co-Authors: Ken Yoshimura, Kan Kobayashi, Natsuki Hama, Junji Shindo, Ikuo KageyamaAbstract:We examined the epithelial surface and connective tissue cores (CTCs) of each Lingual Papilla on the Paenungulata, Cape hyrax (Procavia capensis), by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The tongue consisted of a Lingual apex, Lingual body and Lingual root. Filiform, fungiform and foliate Papillae were observed on the dorsal surface of the tongue; however, fungiform Papillae were quite diminished on the Lingual prominence. Moreover, no clearly distinguishable vallate Papillae were found on the tongue. Instead of vallate Papillae, numerous dome-like large fungiform Papillae were arranged in a row just in front of the rather large foliate Papillae. Foliate Papillae were situated in the one-third postero-lateral margin of the Lingual body. The epithelium of filiform Papillae was covered by a keratinized layer with kerato-hyaline granules, whereas weak keratinization was observed on the interPapillary epithelium. The external surface of the filiform Papillae was conical in shape. CTCs of the filiform Papillae were seen as a hood-like core with a semicircular concavity in the anterior portion of each core. Large filiform Papillae were distributed on the Lingual prominence. The CTCs of large filiform Papillae after exfoliation of their epithelium consisted of a concave primary core and were associated with several small protrusions. The surface of fungiform Papillae was smooth and dome-like. After removal of the epithelium, CTCs appeared as a flower bud-like primary core and were associated with several protrusions that were arranged on the rim of the primary core. Several taste buds were found on the top of the dorsal part of the epithelium of both fungiform and large fungiform Papillae. Well-developed foliate Papillae were seen and numerous taste buds could be observed in the lateral wall of the epithelium in a slit-like groove. The morphological characteristics of the tongue of the Cape hyrax had similarities with other Paenungulata such as Sirenia. However, three-dimensional characteristics, especially CTCs of Lingual Papillae, exhibited multiple similarities with rodents, insectivores and artiodactyls.
Ken Yoshimura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Light and scanning electron microscopic study on the Lingual Papillae and their connective tissue cores of the Cape hyrax Procavia capensis
Journal of anatomy, 2008Co-Authors: Ken Yoshimura, Kan Kobayashi, Natsuki Hama, Junji Shindo, Ikuo KageyamaAbstract:We examined the epithelial surface and connective tissue cores (CTCs) of each Lingual Papilla on the Paenungulata, Cape hyrax (Procavia capensis), by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The tongue consisted of a Lingual apex, Lingual body and Lingual root. Filiform, fungiform and foliate Papillae were observed on the dorsal surface of the tongue; however, fungiform Papillae were quite diminished on the Lingual prominence. Moreover, no clearly distinguishable vallate Papillae were found on the tongue. Instead of vallate Papillae, numerous dome-like large fungiform Papillae were arranged in a row just in front of the rather large foliate Papillae. Foliate Papillae were situated in the one-third postero-lateral margin of the Lingual body. The epithelium of filiform Papillae was covered by a keratinized layer with kerato-hyaline granules, whereas weak keratinization was observed on the interPapillary epithelium. The external surface of the filiform Papillae was conical in shape. CTCs of the filiform Papillae were seen as a hood-like core with a semicircular concavity in the anterior portion of each core. Large filiform Papillae were distributed on the Lingual prominence. The CTCs of large filiform Papillae after exfoliation of their epithelium consisted of a concave primary core and were associated with several small protrusions. The surface of fungiform Papillae was smooth and dome-like. After removal of the epithelium, CTCs appeared as a flower bud-like primary core and were associated with several protrusions that were arranged on the rim of the primary core. Several taste buds were found on the top of the dorsal part of the epithelium of both fungiform and large fungiform Papillae. Well-developed foliate Papillae were seen and numerous taste buds could be observed in the lateral wall of the epithelium in a slit-like groove. The morphological characteristics of the tongue of the Cape hyrax had similarities with other Paenungulata such as Sirenia. However, three-dimensional characteristics, especially CTCs of Lingual Papillae, exhibited multiple similarities with rodents, insectivores and artiodactyls.
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Comparative morphological study of the Lingual Papillae and their connective tissue cores of the koala
Anatomy and Embryology, 2003Co-Authors: Kan Kobayashi, Masahiko Kumakura, Ken Yoshimura, Kouji Nonaka, Toshiaki Murayama, Maciej HennebergAbstract:The stereo structure of each Lingual Papilla of the koala has a similar structure to that of various other animal species: the koala has a Lingual prominence (intermolar prominence) with larger filiform Papillae. (A Lingual prominence is a characteristic in herbivorous animals.) The external form and connective tissue core (CTC) of the filiform Papillae of koalas consist of one large main process and several smaller accessory processes. (These are similar to carnivorous animals.) Fungiform CTC have a thick dome-like structure, with several taste buds on the top. There are three vallate Papillae: one central midline and two laterally located vallate Papillae. The central vallate Papilla has a posterior pouch lined with ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells. Long conical Papillae are distributed in the posterior lateral area where foliate Papillae are distributed in many other animal species. (Finger-like Papillae are seen in dog and cat instead of foliate Papillae.) It may be suggested that the tongue of the koala evolved in a special environment in Australia. Even though it has still retained special features similar to those of carnivorous cats and dogs it has evolved to resemble the tongues of herbivorous animals.
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Fine Structure of the Tongue and Lingual Papillae of the Penguin
Archives of histology and cytology, 1998Co-Authors: Kan Kobayashi, Masahiko Kumakura, Ken Yoshimura, Mititomo Inatomi, Tomoichiro AsamiAbstract:The tongue in four species of penguin was investigated by light microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy, with special reference to the Lingual Papillae.1) The middle of the penguin tongue contains a pair of long cartilages and long tendons accompanied by striated muscle bundles.2) Large, spine-like, and caudally directed Lingual Papillae (filiform-like Papillae) densely cover the dorsal surface of the tongue, apparently serving to catch fishes.3) By light microscopy, the dorsal Lingual epithelium with the Lingual Papillae are seen as a thick cornified layer, but the lateral and lower surfaces have a thinner cornified layer.4) The connective tissue core (CTC) under the epithelium of the Lingual Papilla shows a stereo structure similar to but smaller than the external form of the Papilla. The CTC contains some blood vessels and nerve fibers; the Lingual glands are found in the submucous layer only in the posterior tongue.5) Bundles of nerve fibers in the lamina propria of the tongue were immunohistochemically positive for PGP 9.5, and it appeared that Merkel corpuscles were distributed in the connective tissue closely beneath the epithelium of the finger-like Papillae, though they were only weakly immunoreactive for PGP 9.5.6) Numerous fine filaments of elastic fibers are found closely beneath the epithelial cell layer of the dorsal surface of the tongue including the Lingual Papillae, while there are very few of them on the lateral and lower sides of the tongue.
Kan Kobayashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Light and scanning electron microscopic study on the Lingual Papillae and their connective tissue cores of the Cape hyrax Procavia capensis
Journal of anatomy, 2008Co-Authors: Ken Yoshimura, Kan Kobayashi, Natsuki Hama, Junji Shindo, Ikuo KageyamaAbstract:We examined the epithelial surface and connective tissue cores (CTCs) of each Lingual Papilla on the Paenungulata, Cape hyrax (Procavia capensis), by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The tongue consisted of a Lingual apex, Lingual body and Lingual root. Filiform, fungiform and foliate Papillae were observed on the dorsal surface of the tongue; however, fungiform Papillae were quite diminished on the Lingual prominence. Moreover, no clearly distinguishable vallate Papillae were found on the tongue. Instead of vallate Papillae, numerous dome-like large fungiform Papillae were arranged in a row just in front of the rather large foliate Papillae. Foliate Papillae were situated in the one-third postero-lateral margin of the Lingual body. The epithelium of filiform Papillae was covered by a keratinized layer with kerato-hyaline granules, whereas weak keratinization was observed on the interPapillary epithelium. The external surface of the filiform Papillae was conical in shape. CTCs of the filiform Papillae were seen as a hood-like core with a semicircular concavity in the anterior portion of each core. Large filiform Papillae were distributed on the Lingual prominence. The CTCs of large filiform Papillae after exfoliation of their epithelium consisted of a concave primary core and were associated with several small protrusions. The surface of fungiform Papillae was smooth and dome-like. After removal of the epithelium, CTCs appeared as a flower bud-like primary core and were associated with several protrusions that were arranged on the rim of the primary core. Several taste buds were found on the top of the dorsal part of the epithelium of both fungiform and large fungiform Papillae. Well-developed foliate Papillae were seen and numerous taste buds could be observed in the lateral wall of the epithelium in a slit-like groove. The morphological characteristics of the tongue of the Cape hyrax had similarities with other Paenungulata such as Sirenia. However, three-dimensional characteristics, especially CTCs of Lingual Papillae, exhibited multiple similarities with rodents, insectivores and artiodactyls.
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Comparative morphological study of the Lingual Papillae and their connective tissue cores of the koala
Anatomy and Embryology, 2003Co-Authors: Kan Kobayashi, Masahiko Kumakura, Ken Yoshimura, Kouji Nonaka, Toshiaki Murayama, Maciej HennebergAbstract:The stereo structure of each Lingual Papilla of the koala has a similar structure to that of various other animal species: the koala has a Lingual prominence (intermolar prominence) with larger filiform Papillae. (A Lingual prominence is a characteristic in herbivorous animals.) The external form and connective tissue core (CTC) of the filiform Papillae of koalas consist of one large main process and several smaller accessory processes. (These are similar to carnivorous animals.) Fungiform CTC have a thick dome-like structure, with several taste buds on the top. There are three vallate Papillae: one central midline and two laterally located vallate Papillae. The central vallate Papilla has a posterior pouch lined with ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells. Long conical Papillae are distributed in the posterior lateral area where foliate Papillae are distributed in many other animal species. (Finger-like Papillae are seen in dog and cat instead of foliate Papillae.) It may be suggested that the tongue of the koala evolved in a special environment in Australia. Even though it has still retained special features similar to those of carnivorous cats and dogs it has evolved to resemble the tongues of herbivorous animals.
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Fine Structure of the Tongue and Lingual Papillae of the Penguin
Archives of histology and cytology, 1998Co-Authors: Kan Kobayashi, Masahiko Kumakura, Ken Yoshimura, Mititomo Inatomi, Tomoichiro AsamiAbstract:The tongue in four species of penguin was investigated by light microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy, with special reference to the Lingual Papillae.1) The middle of the penguin tongue contains a pair of long cartilages and long tendons accompanied by striated muscle bundles.2) Large, spine-like, and caudally directed Lingual Papillae (filiform-like Papillae) densely cover the dorsal surface of the tongue, apparently serving to catch fishes.3) By light microscopy, the dorsal Lingual epithelium with the Lingual Papillae are seen as a thick cornified layer, but the lateral and lower surfaces have a thinner cornified layer.4) The connective tissue core (CTC) under the epithelium of the Lingual Papilla shows a stereo structure similar to but smaller than the external form of the Papilla. The CTC contains some blood vessels and nerve fibers; the Lingual glands are found in the submucous layer only in the posterior tongue.5) Bundles of nerve fibers in the lamina propria of the tongue were immunohistochemically positive for PGP 9.5, and it appeared that Merkel corpuscles were distributed in the connective tissue closely beneath the epithelium of the finger-like Papillae, though they were only weakly immunoreactive for PGP 9.5.6) Numerous fine filaments of elastic fibers are found closely beneath the epithelial cell layer of the dorsal surface of the tongue including the Lingual Papillae, while there are very few of them on the lateral and lower sides of the tongue.
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Fine Structure of the Dorsal Epithelium of the Tongue of the Japanese Terrapin, Clemmys japonica (Cheloia, Emydinae).
Archives of histology and cytology, 1992Co-Authors: Shin-ichi Iwasaki, Tomoichiro Asami, Yasuko Asami, Kan KobayashiAbstract:As reptiles are situated phylogenetically between the amphibians and the mammals, they exhibit considerable variation in the structure of their tongues. The present study, one of a series of studies on reptile tongues, aims to demonstrate the three-dimensional structure of the dorsal Lingual surface of a turtle, the Japanese terrapin Clemmys japonica, and to clarify the ultrastructural features of the Lingual epithelial cells. In the study Lingual Papillae were observed by scanning electron microscopy to be widely distributed over the dorsal surface of the tongue. Irregularly shaped (conical, columnar or angular) Papillae were located in the anterior and central areas, and ridge-like ones, in the latero-posterior area. Histological examination revealed that the connective tissue penetrated into the core of the Papillae, and the epithelium was of a stratified squamous and/or cuboidal type. Under the transmission electron microscope, two types of cells were identified in the intermediate layer of the apical epithelium of the Lingual Papilla: one type was probably an immature mucous cell, whereas the other was elongated in a baso-apical direction, its cytoplasm containing fine granules. In the surface layer of the apical epithelium, typical mucous cells and cells containing numerous, fine, electron-lucent granules were recognized. Both types of cells possessed microvilli on their free-surfaces. In the lateral epithelium of the Lingual Papillae, the cytological features from the basal layer to the superficial intermediate layer were essentially the same as in the apical epithelium. However, in the surface layer, mucous cells were significantly larger in number than in the apical epithelium.