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Shokoofeh Shamsi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • verification of the spotted tail quoll dasyurus maculatus as a definitive host for the pentastomid Linguatula sp in australia
    Acta Parasitologica, 2021
    Co-Authors: Diane P Barton, David Jenkins, Molly Russell, Xiaocheng Zhu, Shokoofeh Shamsi
    Abstract:

    Specimens of a pentastomid, identified as a nymphal Linguatula serrata, have previously been reported from the nasal cavity of the endangered Australian marsupial, the spotted-tail quoll, Dasyurus maculatus. These specimens were made available for morphological and molecular characterisation to confirm their species identity. Specimens were examined by light microscopy. Molecular sequencing attempts were unsuccessful. Examination showed that the specimens were adult pentastomes of the genus Linguatula. Morphological differences are reported between these specimens and published measurements of specimens from other hosts collected from the same region. This is the first confirmed report of an adult Linguatula pentastome in a native Australian animal. Due to the small number of specimens and the lack of successful molecular characterisation, the pentastomes have been referred to Linguatula sp. until future work can confirm the species identity. The need for combined molecular and morphological analysis of pentastome specimens is reiterated.

  • occurrence and characterisation of tongue worms Linguatula spp in south africa
    International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2020
    Co-Authors: Shokoofeh Shamsi, Diane P Barton, Xiaocheng Zhu, Ali Halajian, Willem J Smit, Francois Roux, Wilmien J Luuspowell
    Abstract:

    A total of 509 mammalian vertebrates, belonging to 76 species, were examined for infection with pentastomid parasites. These animals were from 8 of the 9 provinces in South Africa. Linguatulid pentastomes were found only in 7 animals, specifically the African Lion (n = 3) and African Buffalo (n = 4). Adult parasites were found in the lion but nymphs, of various stages, were found in the buffalo. A detailed morphological examination of adult parasites using both light and scanning electron microscopy techniques suggested the specimens were Linguatula nuttalli Sambon1922. Sequences of 18S ribosomal DNA and Cox1 regions obtained from both adult and nymph stages suggested they belong to the one species. Phylogenetic analyses of Linguatula spp. based on the 18S and Cox1 sequences available in GenBank and obtained in the present study showed a clear distinction between L. nuttalli, L. arctica and L. serrata (from Europe and Australia). Several specimens from the Palearctic region which were previously assumed to be L. serrata formed a distinct group in the phylogenetic tree suggesting they probably belong to a different, and as of yet, unknown species.

  • Characterisation of the tongue worm, Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae), in Australia.
    International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2020
    Co-Authors: Shokoofeh Shamsi, Diane P Barton, Xiaocheng Zhu, David Jenkins
    Abstract:

    We describe adult males and females and a nymph belonging to Linguatula serrata in Australia, based on light and scanning electron microscopies. In addition, 18S and Cox1 sequence data have also been provided and were compared with similar sequences in GenBank. Our specimens had identical 18S sequences and limited genetic distance in Cox1 region which fell within the intra-specific range observed for Linguatula spp. suggesting that they all belong to one species. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Australian specimens were grouped with L. serrata in Europe where the species was first found and described. A number of L. serrata from Iran and Bangladesh formed a distinct group. The genetic distance between these Linguatula and Australian/European L. serrata ranged from 0.46% to 2.21% which is larger than the genetic distance observed between L. arctica and Australian/European L. serrata (0.12%) suggesting that they belong to a different species. As pointed out previously by several other authors, L. serrata comprises more than one species and those from the Palearctic region (including Iran and Bangladesh) should not be automatically named L. serrata unless there is enough evidence for the identification. To accurately address the complex taxonomy of Linguatula spp. a detailed morphological and genetic characterisation of numerous developmental stages of the parasite is necessary, to ensure morphological differences are not due to development. This however may not be achievable in the near future due to significant reduction in expertise as well as research funding awarded in this area of research to understand the basics of our planet.

  • first report of nymphs of the introduced pentastomid Linguatula serrata in red necked wallabies notamacropus rufogriseus in australia
    Australian Journal of Zoology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Diane P Barton, David Jenkins, Xiaocheng Zhu, Megan Porter, Ashleigh Baker, Shokoofeh Shamsi
    Abstract:

    The presence of nymphs of the introduced pentastomid parasite Linguatula serrata is verified in a native Australian animal, the red-necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus), for the first time. Morphological and genetic analyses confirmed the species identification, with a 100% genetic match to samples collected from various introduced animals from the same location in Kosciuszko National Park. Previous reports of pentastomids, including possible Linguatula sp. infections, in native animals are discussed. More research is required to confirm the validity of these reports.

  • occurrence of tongue worm Linguatula cf serrata pentastomida linguatulidae in wild canids and livestock in south eastern australia
    International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2017
    Co-Authors: Shokoofeh Shamsi, Kate Mcspadden, Sara Baker, David Jenkins
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pentastomids are obligate zoonotic arthropod parasites utilising canids and vulpids as their definitive hosts and several herbivorous species as their intermediate hosts. Reported only 10 times in Australia over the last 150 years as incidental findings, adult Pentastomids referred to as Linguatula serrata have been encountered in nasal cavities of domestic and wild dogs, and foxes. Nymphs have been reported in cattle and rabbits. In the present study, a number of potential definitive hosts, including red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ), wild dogs ( Canis lupus dingo and C.l. dingo x C. familiaris ) and feral cats ( Felis catus ), and intermediate hosts cattle ( Bos taurus ), sheep ( Ovis aries ), feral pigs ( Sus scrofa ), rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ), goats ( Capra hircus ) and a European hare ( Lepus europaeus ), from the highlands of south-eastern Australia were examined. Of the animals examined 67.6% of wild dogs (n = 37), 14.5% of red foxes (n = 55) and 4.3% of cattle (n = 164) were found to be infected with Pentastomids, herein identified as Linguatula cf. serrata . The common occurrence of the parasite in wild dogs and less frequently in foxes suggests these wild canids have potential to act as a reservoir for infection of livestock, wildlife, domestic dogs and possibly humans. The unexpected high frequency of the parasite in wild dogs and foxes in south-eastern Australia suggests the parasite is more common than previously realised. Of the potential intermediate hosts in the region, only 4.3% of cattle were found to be infected with pentastomid nymphs which suggest the search for the host(s) acting as the main intermediate host in the region should continue. Future studies should investigate transmission patterns, health impacts on hosts and whether the parasite has zoonotic significance in Australia.

David Jenkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • verification of the spotted tail quoll dasyurus maculatus as a definitive host for the pentastomid Linguatula sp in australia
    Acta Parasitologica, 2021
    Co-Authors: Diane P Barton, David Jenkins, Molly Russell, Xiaocheng Zhu, Shokoofeh Shamsi
    Abstract:

    Specimens of a pentastomid, identified as a nymphal Linguatula serrata, have previously been reported from the nasal cavity of the endangered Australian marsupial, the spotted-tail quoll, Dasyurus maculatus. These specimens were made available for morphological and molecular characterisation to confirm their species identity. Specimens were examined by light microscopy. Molecular sequencing attempts were unsuccessful. Examination showed that the specimens were adult pentastomes of the genus Linguatula. Morphological differences are reported between these specimens and published measurements of specimens from other hosts collected from the same region. This is the first confirmed report of an adult Linguatula pentastome in a native Australian animal. Due to the small number of specimens and the lack of successful molecular characterisation, the pentastomes have been referred to Linguatula sp. until future work can confirm the species identity. The need for combined molecular and morphological analysis of pentastome specimens is reiterated.

  • Characterisation of the tongue worm, Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae), in Australia.
    International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2020
    Co-Authors: Shokoofeh Shamsi, Diane P Barton, Xiaocheng Zhu, David Jenkins
    Abstract:

    We describe adult males and females and a nymph belonging to Linguatula serrata in Australia, based on light and scanning electron microscopies. In addition, 18S and Cox1 sequence data have also been provided and were compared with similar sequences in GenBank. Our specimens had identical 18S sequences and limited genetic distance in Cox1 region which fell within the intra-specific range observed for Linguatula spp. suggesting that they all belong to one species. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Australian specimens were grouped with L. serrata in Europe where the species was first found and described. A number of L. serrata from Iran and Bangladesh formed a distinct group. The genetic distance between these Linguatula and Australian/European L. serrata ranged from 0.46% to 2.21% which is larger than the genetic distance observed between L. arctica and Australian/European L. serrata (0.12%) suggesting that they belong to a different species. As pointed out previously by several other authors, L. serrata comprises more than one species and those from the Palearctic region (including Iran and Bangladesh) should not be automatically named L. serrata unless there is enough evidence for the identification. To accurately address the complex taxonomy of Linguatula spp. a detailed morphological and genetic characterisation of numerous developmental stages of the parasite is necessary, to ensure morphological differences are not due to development. This however may not be achievable in the near future due to significant reduction in expertise as well as research funding awarded in this area of research to understand the basics of our planet.

  • first report of nymphs of the introduced pentastomid Linguatula serrata in red necked wallabies notamacropus rufogriseus in australia
    Australian Journal of Zoology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Diane P Barton, David Jenkins, Xiaocheng Zhu, Megan Porter, Ashleigh Baker, Shokoofeh Shamsi
    Abstract:

    The presence of nymphs of the introduced pentastomid parasite Linguatula serrata is verified in a native Australian animal, the red-necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus), for the first time. Morphological and genetic analyses confirmed the species identification, with a 100% genetic match to samples collected from various introduced animals from the same location in Kosciuszko National Park. Previous reports of pentastomids, including possible Linguatula sp. infections, in native animals are discussed. More research is required to confirm the validity of these reports.

  • occurrence of tongue worm Linguatula cf serrata pentastomida linguatulidae in wild canids and livestock in south eastern australia
    International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2017
    Co-Authors: Shokoofeh Shamsi, Kate Mcspadden, Sara Baker, David Jenkins
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pentastomids are obligate zoonotic arthropod parasites utilising canids and vulpids as their definitive hosts and several herbivorous species as their intermediate hosts. Reported only 10 times in Australia over the last 150 years as incidental findings, adult Pentastomids referred to as Linguatula serrata have been encountered in nasal cavities of domestic and wild dogs, and foxes. Nymphs have been reported in cattle and rabbits. In the present study, a number of potential definitive hosts, including red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ), wild dogs ( Canis lupus dingo and C.l. dingo x C. familiaris ) and feral cats ( Felis catus ), and intermediate hosts cattle ( Bos taurus ), sheep ( Ovis aries ), feral pigs ( Sus scrofa ), rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ), goats ( Capra hircus ) and a European hare ( Lepus europaeus ), from the highlands of south-eastern Australia were examined. Of the animals examined 67.6% of wild dogs (n = 37), 14.5% of red foxes (n = 55) and 4.3% of cattle (n = 164) were found to be infected with Pentastomids, herein identified as Linguatula cf. serrata . The common occurrence of the parasite in wild dogs and less frequently in foxes suggests these wild canids have potential to act as a reservoir for infection of livestock, wildlife, domestic dogs and possibly humans. The unexpected high frequency of the parasite in wild dogs and foxes in south-eastern Australia suggests the parasite is more common than previously realised. Of the potential intermediate hosts in the region, only 4.3% of cattle were found to be infected with pentastomid nymphs which suggest the search for the host(s) acting as the main intermediate host in the region should continue. Future studies should investigate transmission patterns, health impacts on hosts and whether the parasite has zoonotic significance in Australia.

Bjørn Gjerde - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the complete mitochondrial genome of the pentastomid Linguatula arctica pentastomida from reindeer rangifer tarandus in northern norway
    Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2020
    Co-Authors: Jose Horacio Grau, Dennis Tappe, Jason A Dunlop, Martin Meixner, Bjørn Gjerde
    Abstract:

    Here, we present the first complete mitochondrial genome of the pentastomid Linguatula arctica collected from the nasal passages of a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Norway. The full length mitocho...

  • Phylogenetic position of Linguatula arctica and Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida) as inferred from the nuclear 18S rRNA gene and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene
    Parasitology Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Bjørn Gjerde
    Abstract:

    Genomic DNA was isolated from a Linguatula serrata female expelled from a dog imported to Norway from Romania and from four Linguatula arctica females collected from semi-domesticated reindeer from northern Norway and subjected to PCR amplification of the complete nuclear 18S rRNA gene and a 1,045-bp portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene ( cox1 ). The two species differed at two of 1,830 nucleotide positions (99.9 % identity) of the complete 18S rRNA gene sequences and at 102 of 1,045 nucleotide positions (90.2 % identity) of the partial cox1 sequences. The four isolates of L . arctica showed no genetic variation in either gene. The new cox1 primers may facilitate the diagnosis of various developmental stages of L . arctica and L . serrata in their hosts. In separate phylogenetic analyses using the maximum likelihood method on sequence data from either gene, L . arctica and L . serrata clustered with members of the order Cephalobaenida rather than with members of the order Porocephalida, in which the genus Linguatula is currently placed based on morphological characters. The phylogenetic relationship of L . arctica , L . serrata and other pentastomids to other metazoan groups could not be clearly resolved, but the pentastomids did not seem to have a sister relationship to crustaceans of the subclass Branchiura as found in other studies. A more extensive taxon sampling, including molecular characterisation of more pentastomid taxa across different genera, seems to be necessary in order to estimate the true relationship of the Pentastomida to other metazoan groups.

Ghafari H Rad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs in one humped camel camelus dromedarius in najaf abad iran
    Research in Veterinary Science, 2008
    Co-Authors: Amir Shakerian, Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush, Ghafari H Rad
    Abstract:

    The prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs in livers and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of 400 camels of different sex and age groups was investigated. The lymph nodes and livers were examined macroscopically. A digestion method was also applied for investigation of liver samples. The MLNs in 84 camels out of 400 (21.0%) and the livers of 18 camels out of 400 (4.5%) were infected by L. serrata nymphs. The infection rate increased with age (p 0.1). It is concluded that consumption of raw or under-cooked camel liver may result in nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in humans.

Sara Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • occurrence of tongue worm Linguatula cf serrata pentastomida linguatulidae in wild canids and livestock in south eastern australia
    International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2017
    Co-Authors: Shokoofeh Shamsi, Kate Mcspadden, Sara Baker, David Jenkins
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pentastomids are obligate zoonotic arthropod parasites utilising canids and vulpids as their definitive hosts and several herbivorous species as their intermediate hosts. Reported only 10 times in Australia over the last 150 years as incidental findings, adult Pentastomids referred to as Linguatula serrata have been encountered in nasal cavities of domestic and wild dogs, and foxes. Nymphs have been reported in cattle and rabbits. In the present study, a number of potential definitive hosts, including red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ), wild dogs ( Canis lupus dingo and C.l. dingo x C. familiaris ) and feral cats ( Felis catus ), and intermediate hosts cattle ( Bos taurus ), sheep ( Ovis aries ), feral pigs ( Sus scrofa ), rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ), goats ( Capra hircus ) and a European hare ( Lepus europaeus ), from the highlands of south-eastern Australia were examined. Of the animals examined 67.6% of wild dogs (n = 37), 14.5% of red foxes (n = 55) and 4.3% of cattle (n = 164) were found to be infected with Pentastomids, herein identified as Linguatula cf. serrata . The common occurrence of the parasite in wild dogs and less frequently in foxes suggests these wild canids have potential to act as a reservoir for infection of livestock, wildlife, domestic dogs and possibly humans. The unexpected high frequency of the parasite in wild dogs and foxes in south-eastern Australia suggests the parasite is more common than previously realised. Of the potential intermediate hosts in the region, only 4.3% of cattle were found to be infected with pentastomid nymphs which suggest the search for the host(s) acting as the main intermediate host in the region should continue. Future studies should investigate transmission patterns, health impacts on hosts and whether the parasite has zoonotic significance in Australia.

  • Occurrence of tongue worm, Linguatula cf. serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae) in wild canids and livestock in south-eastern Australia
    Elsevier, 2017
    Co-Authors: Shokoofeh Shamsi, Kate Mcspadden, Sara Baker, David J. Jenkins
    Abstract:

    Pentastomids are obligate zoonotic arthropod parasites utilising canids and vulpids as their definitive hosts and several herbivorous species as their intermediate hosts. Reported only 10 times in Australia over the last 150 years as incidental findings, adult Pentastomids referred to as Linguatula serrata have been encountered in nasal cavities of domestic and wild dogs, and foxes. Nymphs have been reported in cattle and rabbits. In the present study, a number of potential definitive hosts, including red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), wild dogs (Canis lupus dingo and C.l. dingo x C. familiaris) and feral cats (Felis catus), and intermediate hosts cattle (Bos taurus), sheep (Ovis aries), feral pigs (Sus scrofa), rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), goats (Capra hircus) and a European hare (Lepus europaeus), from the highlands of south-eastern Australia were examined. Of the animals examined 67.6% of wild dogs (n = 37), 14.5% of red foxes (n = 55) and 4.3% of cattle (n = 164) were found to be infected with Pentastomids, herein identified as Linguatula cf. serrata. The common occurrence of the parasite in wild dogs and less frequently in foxes suggests these wild canids have potential to act as a reservoir for infection of livestock, wildlife, domestic dogs and possibly humans. The unexpected high frequency of the parasite in wild dogs and foxes in south-eastern Australia suggests the parasite is more common than previously realised. Of the potential intermediate hosts in the region, only 4.3% of cattle were found to be infected with pentastomid nymphs which suggest the search for the host(s) acting as the main intermediate host in the region should continue. Future studies should investigate transmission patterns, health impacts on hosts and whether the parasite has zoonotic significance in Australia. Keywords: Tongue worm, Australia, Linguatulidae, Pentastomid