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Gabriella Vigliocco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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iconicity as a general property of language evidence from spoken and signed languages
Frontiers in Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Pamela M Perniss, Robin L Thompson, Gabriella ViglioccoAbstract:Current views about language are dominated by the idea of arbitrary connections between Linguistic Form and meaning. However, if we look beyond the more familiar Indo-European languages and also include both spoken and signed language modalities, we find that motivated, iconic Form-meaning mappings are, in fact, pervasive in language. In this paper, we review the different types of iconic mappings that characterize languages in both modalities, including the predominantly visually iconic mappings found in signed languages. Having shown that iconic mapping are present across languages, we then proceed to review evidence showing that language users (signers and speakers) exploit iconicity in language processing and language acquisition. While not discounting the presence and importance of arbitrariness in language, we put forward the idea that iconicity need also be recognized as a general property of language, which may serve the function of reducing the gap between Linguistic Form and conceptual representation to allow the language system to "hook up" to motor, perceptual, and affective experience.
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iconicity as a general property of language evidence from spoken and signed languages
Frontiers in Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Pamela M Perniss, Robin L Thompson, Gabriella ViglioccoAbstract:Current views about language are dominated by the idea of arbitrary connections between Linguistic Form and meaning. However, if we look beyond the more familiar Indo-European languages and also include both spoken and signed language modalities, we find that motivated, iconic Form-meaning mappings are, in fact, pervasive in language. In this paper, we review the different types of iconic mappings that characterize languages in both modalities, including the predominantly visually iconic mappings found in signed languages. Having shown that iconic mapping are present across languages, we then proceed to review evidence showing that language users (signers and speakers) exploit iconicity in language processing and language acquisition. While not discounting the presence and importance of arbitrariness in language, we put forward the idea that iconicity need also be recognized as a general property of language, which may serve the function of reducing the gap between Linguistic Form and conceptual representation to allow the language system to "hook up" to motor, perceptual, and affective experience.
Lori Coppenrath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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parents use of nonliteral language with preschool children
Discourse Processes, 1997Co-Authors: Marie A Sell, Roger J Kreuz, Lori CoppenrathAbstract:Seventeen parent‐child dyads were videotaped in 30‐min free play sessions. The videotapes were transcribed and coded for nonliteral language addressed to the children. Specifically, parents’ use of indirect requests and other types of figurative language (e.g. metaphor and idiom) was analyzed. Of the nonliteral Forms used, indirect requests occurred most frequently; however, parents did use a number of other nonliteral Forms with their preschool children as well. Of particular interest is how the different Forms were used by the parents. When analyzed on the basis of Linguistic Form, a number of relatively independent underlying dimensions emerged. These dimensions reflect the adult use of these Forms, such as making forceful statements. However, when the communicative functions of these Forms were analyzed, it is evident that parents were using the range of nonliteral Forms primarily to achieve the single goal of maintaining their children's participation in the interaction. These results suggest that pa...
Pamela M Perniss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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iconicity as a general property of language evidence from spoken and signed languages
Frontiers in Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Pamela M Perniss, Robin L Thompson, Gabriella ViglioccoAbstract:Current views about language are dominated by the idea of arbitrary connections between Linguistic Form and meaning. However, if we look beyond the more familiar Indo-European languages and also include both spoken and signed language modalities, we find that motivated, iconic Form-meaning mappings are, in fact, pervasive in language. In this paper, we review the different types of iconic mappings that characterize languages in both modalities, including the predominantly visually iconic mappings found in signed languages. Having shown that iconic mapping are present across languages, we then proceed to review evidence showing that language users (signers and speakers) exploit iconicity in language processing and language acquisition. While not discounting the presence and importance of arbitrariness in language, we put forward the idea that iconicity need also be recognized as a general property of language, which may serve the function of reducing the gap between Linguistic Form and conceptual representation to allow the language system to "hook up" to motor, perceptual, and affective experience.
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iconicity as a general property of language evidence from spoken and signed languages
Frontiers in Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Pamela M Perniss, Robin L Thompson, Gabriella ViglioccoAbstract:Current views about language are dominated by the idea of arbitrary connections between Linguistic Form and meaning. However, if we look beyond the more familiar Indo-European languages and also include both spoken and signed language modalities, we find that motivated, iconic Form-meaning mappings are, in fact, pervasive in language. In this paper, we review the different types of iconic mappings that characterize languages in both modalities, including the predominantly visually iconic mappings found in signed languages. Having shown that iconic mapping are present across languages, we then proceed to review evidence showing that language users (signers and speakers) exploit iconicity in language processing and language acquisition. While not discounting the presence and importance of arbitrariness in language, we put forward the idea that iconicity need also be recognized as a general property of language, which may serve the function of reducing the gap between Linguistic Form and conceptual representation to allow the language system to "hook up" to motor, perceptual, and affective experience.
Robin L Thompson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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iconicity in language processing and acquisition what signed languages reveal
Language and Linguistics Compass, 2011Co-Authors: Robin L ThompsonAbstract:That Linguistic Form should be arbitrarily linked to meaning is generally taken as a fundamental feature of language. However, this paper explores the role of iconicity, or non-arbitrary Form-meaning mappings for both language processing and language acquisition. Evidence from signed language research is presented showing that sign language users exploit iconicity in language processing. Further, iconicity may be at work in language acquisition serving to bridge the gap between conceptual representations and Linguistic Form. Signed languages are taken as a starting point since they tend to encode a higher degree of iconic Form-meaning mappings than is found for spoken languages, but the findings are more broadly applicable. Specifically, the emerging evidence argues against the dominant view that connections between Linguistic Form and meaning need be primarily arbitrary. Instead both arbitrariness and iconicity have a role to play in language.
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iconicity as a general property of language evidence from spoken and signed languages
Frontiers in Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Pamela M Perniss, Robin L Thompson, Gabriella ViglioccoAbstract:Current views about language are dominated by the idea of arbitrary connections between Linguistic Form and meaning. However, if we look beyond the more familiar Indo-European languages and also include both spoken and signed language modalities, we find that motivated, iconic Form-meaning mappings are, in fact, pervasive in language. In this paper, we review the different types of iconic mappings that characterize languages in both modalities, including the predominantly visually iconic mappings found in signed languages. Having shown that iconic mapping are present across languages, we then proceed to review evidence showing that language users (signers and speakers) exploit iconicity in language processing and language acquisition. While not discounting the presence and importance of arbitrariness in language, we put forward the idea that iconicity need also be recognized as a general property of language, which may serve the function of reducing the gap between Linguistic Form and conceptual representation to allow the language system to "hook up" to motor, perceptual, and affective experience.
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iconicity as a general property of language evidence from spoken and signed languages
Frontiers in Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Pamela M Perniss, Robin L Thompson, Gabriella ViglioccoAbstract:Current views about language are dominated by the idea of arbitrary connections between Linguistic Form and meaning. However, if we look beyond the more familiar Indo-European languages and also include both spoken and signed language modalities, we find that motivated, iconic Form-meaning mappings are, in fact, pervasive in language. In this paper, we review the different types of iconic mappings that characterize languages in both modalities, including the predominantly visually iconic mappings found in signed languages. Having shown that iconic mapping are present across languages, we then proceed to review evidence showing that language users (signers and speakers) exploit iconicity in language processing and language acquisition. While not discounting the presence and importance of arbitrariness in language, we put forward the idea that iconicity need also be recognized as a general property of language, which may serve the function of reducing the gap between Linguistic Form and conceptual representation to allow the language system to "hook up" to motor, perceptual, and affective experience.
Richard N Aslin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from shared contexts to syntactic categories the role of distributional inFormation in learning Linguistic Form classes
Cognitive Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Patricia A Reeder, Elissa L Newport, Richard N AslinAbstract:A fundamental component of language acquisition involves organizing words into grammatical categories. Previous literature has suggested a number of ways in which this categorization task might be accomplished. Here we ask whether the patterning of the words in a corpus of Linguistic input (distributional inFormation) is sufficient, along with a small set of learning biases, to extract these underlying structural categories. In a series of experiments, we show that learners can acquire Linguistic Form-classes, generalizing from instances of the distributional contexts of individual words in the exposure set to the full range of contexts for all the words in the set. Crucially, we explore how several specific distributional variables enable learners to Form a category of lexical items and generalize to novel words, yet also allow for exceptions that maintain lexical specificity. We suggest that learners are sensitive to the contexts of individual words, the overlaps among contexts across words, the non-overlap of contexts (or systematic gaps in inFormation), and the size of the exposure set. We also ask how learners determine the category membership of a new word for which there is very sparse contextual inFormation. We find that, when there are strong category cues and robust category learning of other words, adults readily generalize the distributional properties of the learned category to a new word that shares just one context with the other category members. However, as the distributional cues regarding the category become sparser and contain more consistent gaps, learners show more conservatism in generalizing distributional properties to the novel word. Taken together, these results show that learners are highly systematic in their use of the distributional properties of the input corpus, using them in a principled way to determine when to generalize and when to preserve lexical specificity.
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category induction via distributional analysis evidence from a serial reaction time task
Journal of Memory and Language, 2010Co-Authors: Ruskin H Hunt, Richard N AslinAbstract:Category Formation lies at the heart of a number of higher-order behaviors, including language. We assessed the ability of human adults to learn, from distributional inFormation alone, categories embedded in a sequence of input stimuli using a serial reaction time task. Artificial grammars generated corpora of input strings containing a predetermined and constrained set of sequential statistics. After training, learners were presented with novel input strings, some of which contained violations of the category membership defined by distributional context. Category induction was assessed by comparing perFormance on novel and familiar strings. Results indicate that learners develop increasing sensitivity to the category structure present in the input, and become sensitive to fine-grained differences in the pre- and post-element contexts that define category membership. Results suggest that distributional analysis plays a significant role in the development of visuomotor categories, and may play a similar role in the induction of Linguistic Form-class categories.
