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Martin Wiedmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An Assessment of Listeriosis Risk Associated with a Contaminated Production Lot of Frozen Vegetables Consumed under Alternative Consumer Handling Scenarios
Journal of Food Protection, 2019Co-Authors: Claire Zoellner, Martin Wiedmann, Renata IvanekAbstract:Frozen foods do not support the growth of Listeria monocytogenes (LM) and should be handled appropriately for safety. However, consumer trends regarding preparation of some frozen foods may contribute to the risk of foodborne Listeriosis, specifically when cooking instructions are not followed and frozen products are instead added directly to smoothies or salads. A quantitative microbial risk assessment model FFLLoRA (Frozen Food Listeria Lot Risk Assessment) was developed to assess the lot-level Listeriosis risk due to LM contamination in frozen vegetables consumed as a ready-to-eat food. The model was designed to estimate Listeriosis risk per serving and the number of illnesses per production lot of frozen vegetables contaminated with LM, considering individual facility factors such as lot size, prevalence of LM contamination, and consumer handling prior to consumption. A production lot of 1 million packages with 10 servings each was assumed. When at least half of the servings were cooked prior to consumption, the median risk of invasive Listeriosis per serving in both the general and susceptible population was
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quantitative risk assessment of Listeriosis associated deaths due to listeria monocytogenes contamination of deli meats originating from manufacture and retail
Journal of Food Protection, 2010Co-Authors: Abani K Pradhan, Renata Ivanek, Y T Grohn, Ifigenia Geornaras, John N Sofos, Robert Bukowski, Martin WiedmannAbstract:The objective of this study was to estimate the relative risk of Listeriosis-associated deaths attributable to Listeria monocytogenes contamination in ham and turkey formulated without and with growth inhibitors (GIs). Two contamination scenarios were investigated: (i) prepackaged deli meats with contamination originating solely from manufacture at a frequency of 0.4% (based on reported data) and (ii) retail-sliced deli meats with contamination originating solely from retail at a frequency of 2.3% (based on reported data). Using a manufacture-to-consumption risk assessment with product-specific growth kinetic parameters (i.e., lag phase and exponential growth rate), reformulation with GIs was estimated to reduce human Listeriosis deaths linked to ham and turkey by 2.8- and 9-fold, respectively, when contamination originated at manufacture and by 1.9- and 2.8-fold, respectively, for products contaminated at retail. Contamination originating at retail was estimated to account for 76 and 63% of Listeriosis d...
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multilocus sequence typing of outbreak associated listeria monocytogenes isolates to identify epidemic clones
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 2010Co-Authors: Henk Den C Bakker, Esther D. Fortes, Martin WiedmannAbstract:Abstract Objective: Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen found in a wide variety of environments. Subtype characterization of L. monocytogenes isolates from Listeriosis outbreaks that have occurred over the last three decades has suggested that a number of outbreaks were caused by a small number of L. monocytogenes epidemic clones (ECs). In this study we compared the prevalence, ecology, and phylogenetic position of outbreak-associated isolates and non-outbreak–associated isolates to probe the evolutionary and ecological characteristics of outbreak-associated L. monocytogenes subtypes, including those representing previously described ECs. Methods: Multilocus sequence typing data for isolates from 15 Listeriosis outbreaks in Europe and North America were generated and compared, using a phylogenetic framework, with 180 isolates representing a local sampling of diverse sources, including human sporadic cases. Results: Isolates from 15 Listeriosis outbreaks represented eight sequence types (STs). S...
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quantitative risk assessment for listeria monocytogenes in selected categories of deli meats impact of lactate and diacetate on Listeriosis cases and deaths
Journal of Food Protection, 2009Co-Authors: Abani K Pradhan, Renata Ivanek, Y T Grohn, Ifigenia Geornaras, John N Sofos, Martin WiedmannAbstract:Foodborne disease associated with consumption of ready-to-eat foods contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes represents a considerable pubic health concern. In a risk assessment published in 2003, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service estimated that about 90% of human Listeriosis cases in the United States are caused by consumption of contaminated deli meats. In this risk assessment, all deli meats were grouped into one of 23 categories of ready-to-eat foods, and only the postretail growth of L. monocytogenes was considered. To provide an improved risk assessment for L. monocytogenes in deli meats, we developed a revised risk assessment that (i) models risk for three subcategories of deli meats (i.e., ham, turkey, and roast beef) and (ii) models L. monocytogenes contamination and growth from production to consumption while considering subcategory-specific growth kinetics parameters (i.e., lag phase and exponential growth rate). This model also was used to assess how reformulation of the chosen deli meat subcategories with L. monocytogenes growth inhibitors (i.e., lactate and diacetate) would impact the number of human Listeriosis cases. Use of product-specific growth parameters demonstrated how certain deli meat categories differ in the relative risk of causing Listeriosis; products that support more rapid growth and have reduced lag phases (e.g., turkey) represent a higher risk. Although reformulation of deli meats with growth inhibitors was estimated to reduce by about 2.5- to 7.8-fold the number of human Listeriosis cases linked to a given deli meat subcategory and thus would reduce the overall risk of human Listeriosis, even with reformulation deli meats would still cause a considerable number of human Listeriosis cases. A combination of strategies is thus needed to provide continued reduction of these cases. Risk assessment models such as that described here will be critical for evaluation of different control approaches and to help define the combinations of control strategies that will have the greatest impact on public health.
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molecular subtyping to detect human Listeriosis clusters
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2003Co-Authors: Brian D Sauders, Esther D. Fortes, Dale L Morse, Nellie B Dumas, Julia A Kiehlbauch, Y H Schukken, Jonathan R Hibbs, Martin WiedmannAbstract:We analyzed the diversity (Simpson’s Index, D) and distribution of Listeria monocytogenes in human Listeriosis cases in New York State (excluding New York City) from November 1996 to June 2000 by using automated ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). We applied a scan statistic (p<0.05) to detect Listeriosis clusters caused by a specific Listeria monocytogenes subtype. Of 131 human isolates, 34 (D=0.923) ribotypes and 74 (D=0.975) PFGE types were found. Nine (31% of cases) clusters were identified by ribotype or PFGE; five (18% of cases) clusters were identified by using both methods. Two of the nine clusters (13% of cases) identified corresponded with investigated multistate Listeriosis outbreaks. While most human Listeriosis cases are considered sporadic, highly discriminatory molecular subtyping approaches thus indicated that 13% to 31% of cases reported in New York State may represent single-source clusters. Listeriosis control and reduction efforts should include broad-based subtyping of human isolates and consider that a large number of cases may represent outbreaks.
Benjamin J Silk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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foodborne Listeriosis acquired in hospitals
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2014Co-Authors: Benjamin J Silk, Morgan H Mccoy, Martha Iwamoto, Patricia M GriffinAbstract:Listeriosis is characterized by bacteremia or meningitis. We searched for Listeriosis case series and outbreak investigations published in English by 2013, and assessed the strength of evidence for foodborne acquisition among patients who ate hospital food. We identified 30 reports from 13 countries. Among the case series, the median proportion of cases considered to be hospital-acquired was 25% (range, 9%-67%). The median number of outbreak-related illnesses considered to be hospital-acquired was 4.0 (range, 2-16). All patients were immunosuppressed in 18 of 24 (75%) reports with available data. Eight outbreak reports with strong evidence for foodborne acquisition in a hospital implicated sandwiches (3 reports), butter, precut celery, Camembert cheese, sausage, and tuna salad (1 report each). Foodborne acquisition of Listeriosis among hospitalized patients is well documented internationally. The number of Listeriosis cases could be reduced substantially by establishing hospital policies for safe food preparation for immunocompromised patients and by not serving them higher-risk foods.
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hospital acquired Listeriosis outbreak caused by contaminated diced celery texas 2010
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2013Co-Authors: Linda Gaul, Benjamin J Silk, Noha H Farag, Trudi Shim, Monica A Kingsley, Eija HyytiatreesAbstract:BACKGROUND: Listeria monocytogenes causes often-fatal infections affecting mainly immunocompromised persons. Sources of hospital-acquired Listeriosis outbreaks can be difficult to identify. We investigated a Listeriosis outbreak spanning 7 months and involving 5 hospitals. METHODS: Outbreak-related cases were identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and confirmed by multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). We conducted patient interviews, medical records reviews, and hospital food source evaluations. Food and environmental specimens were collected at a hospital (hospital A) where 6 patients had been admitted before Listeriosis onset; these specimens were tested by culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PFGE. We collected and tested food and environmental samples at the implicated processing facility. RESULTS: Ten outbreak-related patients were immunocompromised by ≥1 underlying conditions or treatments; 5 died. All patients had been admitted to or visited an acute-care hospital during their possible incubation periods. The outbreak strain of L. monocytogenes was isolated from chicken salad and its diced celery ingredient at hospital A, and in 19 of >200 swabs of multiple surfaces and in 8 of 11 diced celery products at the processing plant. PCR testing detected Listeria in only 3 of 10 environmental and food samples from which it was isolated by culturing. The facility was closed, products were recalled, and the outbreak ended. CONCLUSIONS: Contaminated diced celery caused a baffling, lengthy outbreak of hospital-acquired Listeriosis. PCR testing often failed to detect the pathogen, suggesting its reliability should be further evaluated. Listeriosis risk should be considered in fresh produce selections for immunocompromised patients.
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hospital acquired Listeriosis outbreak caused by contaminated diced celery texas 2010
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2013Co-Authors: Linda Gaul, Benjamin J Silk, Noha H Farag, Trudi Shim, Monica A Kingsley, Eija HyytiatreesAbstract:BACKGROUND Listeria monocytogenes causes often-fatal infections affecting mainly immunocompromised persons. Sources of hospital-acquired Listeriosis outbreaks can be difficult to identify. We investigated a Listeriosis outbreak spanning 7 months and involving 5 hospitals. METHODS Outbreak-related cases were identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and confirmed by multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). We conducted patient interviews, medical records reviews, and hospital food source evaluations. Food and environmental specimens were collected at a hospital (hospital A) where 6 patients had been admitted before Listeriosis onset; these specimens were tested by culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PFGE. We collected and tested food and environmental samples at the implicated processing facility. RESULTS Ten outbreak-related patients were immunocompromised by ≥1 underlying conditions or treatments; 5 died. All patients had been admitted to or visited an acute-care hospital during their possible incubation periods. The outbreak strain of L. monocytogenes was isolated from chicken salad and its diced celery ingredient at hospital A, and in 19 of >200 swabs of multiple surfaces and in 8 of 11 diced celery products at the processing plant. PCR testing detected Listeria in only 3 of 10 environmental and food samples from which it was isolated by culturing. The facility was closed, products were recalled, and the outbreak ended. CONCLUSIONS Contaminated diced celery caused a baffling, lengthy outbreak of hospital-acquired Listeriosis. PCR testing often failed to detect the pathogen, suggesting its reliability should be further evaluated. Listeriosis risk should be considered in fresh produce selections for immunocompromised patients.
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invasive Listeriosis in the foodborne diseases active surveillance network foodnet 2004 2009 further targeted prevention needed for higher risk groups
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Benjamin J Silk, Kashmira Date, Kelly A Jackson, Regis Pouillot, Kristin G Holt, Lewis M Graves, Kanyin L Ong, Sharon Hurd, Rebecca Meyer, Ruthanne MarcusAbstract:BACKGROUND Listeriosis can cause severe disease, especially in fetuses, neonates, older adults, and persons with certain immunocompromising and chronic conditions. We summarize US population-based surveillance data for invasive Listeriosis from 2004 through 2009. METHODS We analyzed Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) data for patients with Listeria monocytogenes isolated from normally sterile sites. We describe the epidemiology of Listeriosis, estimate overall and specific incidence rates, and compare pregnancy-associated and nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis by age and ethnicity. RESULTS A total of 762 Listeriosis cases were identified during the 6-year reporting period, including 126 pregnancy-associated cases (17%), 234 nonpregnancy-associated cases(31%) in patients aged <65 years, and 400 nonpregnancy-associated cases (53%) in patients aged ≥ 65 years. Eighteen percent of all cases were fatal. Meningitis was diagnosed in 44% of neonates. For 2004-2009, the overall annual incidence of Listeriosis varied from 0.25 to 0.32 cases per 100,000 population. Among Hispanic women, the crude incidence of pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 5.09 to 12.37 cases per 100,000 for the periods of 2004-2006 and 2007-2009, respectively; among non-Hispanic women, pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 1.74 to 2.80 cases per 100,000 for the same periods. Incidence rates of nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis in patients aged ≥ 65 years were 4-5 times greater than overall rates annually. CONCLUSIONS Overall Listeriosis incidence did not change significantly from 2004 through 2009. Further targeted prevention is needed, including food safety education and messaging (eg, avoiding Mexican-style cheese during pregnancy). Effective prevention among pregnant women, especially Hispanics, and older adults would substantially affect overall rates.
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relative risk of Listeriosis in foodborne diseases active surveillance network foodnet sites according to age pregnancy and ethnicity
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Regis Pouillot, Kelly A Jackson, Karin Hoelzer, Olga L Henao, Benjamin J SilkAbstract:Background Quantitative estimates of the relative risk (RR) of Listeriosis among higher-risk populations and a nuanced understanding of the age-specific risks are crucial for risk assessments, targeted interventions, and policy decisions. Method The RR of invasive Listeriosis was evaluated by age, pregnancy status, and ethnicity using 2004-2009 data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Nonparametric logistic regression was used to characterize changes in risk with age and ethnicity. Adjusted RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated using negative binomial generalized linear models. Results Among non-pregnancy-associated cases, Listeriosis incidence rates increased gradually with age (45-59 years: RR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.3-6.8; >85 years: RR, 53.8; 95% CI, 37.3-78.9; reference: 15-44 years). The RR was significantly higher for Hispanics than for non-Hispanics (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.5). Among women of reproductive age (15-44 years), pregnant women had a markedly higher Listeriosis risk (RR, 114.6; 95% CI, 68.9-205.1) than nonpregnant women. The RR was higher for Hispanic than non-Hispanic women, regardless of pregnancy status, and this increased during the study period (2004-2006: RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.3; 2007-2009: RR, 4.8; 95% CI, 3.1-7.1). Conclusions This study quantifies the increases in risk of Listeriosis among older persons, pregnant women, and Hispanics in the United States. Additional research is needed to better describe the independent effects of age on risk while accounting for underlying conditions. These estimates are needed both to optimize risk assessment models and to inform targeted interventions and policy decisions.
Kelly A Jackson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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implementation of nationwide real time whole genome sequencing to enhance Listeriosis outbreak detection and investigation
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2016Co-Authors: Brendan R Jackson, Kelly A Jackson, Cheryl L Tarr, Errol Strain, Amanda Conrad, Heather A Carleton, Lee S Katz, Steven Stroika, Hannah L Gould, Rajal K ModyAbstract:Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) causes severe foodborne illness (Listeriosis). Previous molecular subtyping methods, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), were critical in detecting outbreaks that led to food safety improvements and declining incidence, but PFGE provides limited genetic resolution. A multiagency collaboration began performing real-time, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on all US Lm isolates from patients, food, and the environment in September 2013, posting sequencing data into a public repository. Compared with the year before the project began, WGS, combined with epidemiologic and product trace-back data, detected more Listeriosis clusters and solved more outbreaks (2 outbreaks in pre-WGS year, 5 in WGS year 1, and 9 in year 2). Whole-genome multilocus sequence typing and single nucleotide polymorphism analyses provided equivalent phylogenetic relationships relevant to investigations; results were most useful when interpreted in context of epidemiological data. WGS has transformed Listeriosis outbreak surveillance and is being implemented for other foodborne pathogens.
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implementation of nationwide real time whole genome sequencing to enhance Listeriosis outbreak detection and investigation
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2016Co-Authors: Brendan R Jackson, Kelly A Jackson, Cheryl L Tarr, Errol Strain, Amanda Conrad, Heather A Carleton, Lee S Katz, Steven Stroika, Hannah L Gould, Rajal K ModyAbstract:Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) causes severe foodborne illness (Listeriosis). Previous molecular subtyping methods, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), were critical in detecting outbreaks that led to food safety improvements and declining incidence, but PFGE provides limited genetic resolution. A multiagency collaboration began performing real-time, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on all US Lm isolates from patients, food, and the environment in September 2013, posting sequencing data into a public repository. Compared with the year before the project began, WGS, combined with epidemiologic and product trace-back data, detected more Listeriosis clusters and solved more outbreaks (2 outbreaks in pre-WGS year, 5 in WGS year 1, and 9 in year 2). Whole-genome multilocus sequence typing and single nucleotide polymorphism analyses provided equivalent phylogenetic relationships relevant to investigations; results were most useful when interpreted in context of epidemiological data. WGS has transformed Listeriosis outbreak surveillance and is being implemented for other foodborne pathogens.
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invasive Listeriosis in the foodborne diseases active surveillance network foodnet 2004 2009 further targeted prevention needed for higher risk groups
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Benjamin J Silk, Kashmira Date, Kelly A Jackson, Regis Pouillot, Kristin G Holt, Lewis M Graves, Kanyin L Ong, Sharon Hurd, Rebecca Meyer, Ruthanne MarcusAbstract:BACKGROUND Listeriosis can cause severe disease, especially in fetuses, neonates, older adults, and persons with certain immunocompromising and chronic conditions. We summarize US population-based surveillance data for invasive Listeriosis from 2004 through 2009. METHODS We analyzed Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) data for patients with Listeria monocytogenes isolated from normally sterile sites. We describe the epidemiology of Listeriosis, estimate overall and specific incidence rates, and compare pregnancy-associated and nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis by age and ethnicity. RESULTS A total of 762 Listeriosis cases were identified during the 6-year reporting period, including 126 pregnancy-associated cases (17%), 234 nonpregnancy-associated cases(31%) in patients aged <65 years, and 400 nonpregnancy-associated cases (53%) in patients aged ≥ 65 years. Eighteen percent of all cases were fatal. Meningitis was diagnosed in 44% of neonates. For 2004-2009, the overall annual incidence of Listeriosis varied from 0.25 to 0.32 cases per 100,000 population. Among Hispanic women, the crude incidence of pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 5.09 to 12.37 cases per 100,000 for the periods of 2004-2006 and 2007-2009, respectively; among non-Hispanic women, pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 1.74 to 2.80 cases per 100,000 for the same periods. Incidence rates of nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis in patients aged ≥ 65 years were 4-5 times greater than overall rates annually. CONCLUSIONS Overall Listeriosis incidence did not change significantly from 2004 through 2009. Further targeted prevention is needed, including food safety education and messaging (eg, avoiding Mexican-style cheese during pregnancy). Effective prevention among pregnant women, especially Hispanics, and older adults would substantially affect overall rates.
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relative risk of Listeriosis in foodborne diseases active surveillance network foodnet sites according to age pregnancy and ethnicity
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Regis Pouillot, Kelly A Jackson, Karin Hoelzer, Olga L Henao, Benjamin J SilkAbstract:Background Quantitative estimates of the relative risk (RR) of Listeriosis among higher-risk populations and a nuanced understanding of the age-specific risks are crucial for risk assessments, targeted interventions, and policy decisions. Method The RR of invasive Listeriosis was evaluated by age, pregnancy status, and ethnicity using 2004-2009 data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Nonparametric logistic regression was used to characterize changes in risk with age and ethnicity. Adjusted RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated using negative binomial generalized linear models. Results Among non-pregnancy-associated cases, Listeriosis incidence rates increased gradually with age (45-59 years: RR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.3-6.8; >85 years: RR, 53.8; 95% CI, 37.3-78.9; reference: 15-44 years). The RR was significantly higher for Hispanics than for non-Hispanics (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.5). Among women of reproductive age (15-44 years), pregnant women had a markedly higher Listeriosis risk (RR, 114.6; 95% CI, 68.9-205.1) than nonpregnant women. The RR was higher for Hispanic than non-Hispanic women, regardless of pregnancy status, and this increased during the study period (2004-2006: RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.3; 2007-2009: RR, 4.8; 95% CI, 3.1-7.1). Conclusions This study quantifies the increases in risk of Listeriosis among older persons, pregnant women, and Hispanics in the United States. Additional research is needed to better describe the independent effects of age on risk while accounting for underlying conditions. These estimates are needed both to optimize risk assessment models and to inform targeted interventions and policy decisions.
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pregnancy associated Listeriosis
Epidemiology and Infection, 2010Co-Authors: Kelly A Jackson, M Iwamoto, D SwerdlowAbstract:Abstract Infection by Listeria monocytogenes in pregnant women may result in fetal loss or invasive disease in the newborn. We examined Listeriosis cases reported through the U.S. Listeria Initiative during 2004-2007. Cases were classified as pregnancy-associated if illness occurred in a pregnant woman or an infant aged <28 days. Of 758 reported Listeria cases, 128 (16.9%) were pregnancy-associated. Maternal infection resulted in four neonatal deaths and 26 (20.3%) fetal losses. Invasive illnesses in newborns (n=85) were meningitis (32.9%) and sepsis (36.5%). Pregnant women with Listeria were more likely to report Hispanic ethnicity (52.8% vs. 25.6%, respectively; OR 3.3 95% CI 2.2-4.8) than mothers giving live birth in the USA during 2005 and were more likely to report consumption of Mexican-style cheese (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.6-4.2) than were non-pregnant patients with Listeria infection. Pregnant woman comprised a considerable proportion of reported Listeriosis cases. Further declines in pregnancy-associated Listeriosis will require education about avoiding high-risk foods, and continued regulatory and industry efforts to decrease Listeria in foods.
Regis Pouillot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differences among incidence rates of invasive Listeriosis in the u s foodnet population by age sex race ethnicity and pregnancy status 2008 2016
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 2019Co-Authors: Aurelie M Pohl, Regis Pouillot, Michael C Bazaco, Beverly J Wolpert, Jessica M Healy, Beau B Bruce, Mark Laughlin, Jennifer C Hunter, John R Dunn, Sharon HurdAbstract:Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that disproportionally affects pregnant females, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. Using U.S. Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) surveillance data, we examined Listeriosis incidence rates and rate ratios (RRs) by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and pregnancy status across three periods from 2008 to 2016, as recent incidence trends in U.S. subgroups had not been evaluated. The invasive Listeriosis annual incidence rate per 100,000 for 2008-2016 was 0.28 cases among the general population (excluding pregnant females), and 3.73 cases among pregnant females. For adults ≥70 years, the annual incidence rate per 100,000 was 1.33 cases. No significant change in estimated Listeriosis incidence was found over the 2008-2016 period, except for a small, but significantly lower pregnancy-associated rate in 2011-2013 when compared with 2008-2010. Among the nonpregnancy-associated cases, RRs increased with age from 0.43 (95% confidence interval: 0.25-0.73) for 0- to 14-year olds to 44.9 (33.5-60.0) for ≥85-year olds, compared with 15- to 44-year olds. Males had an incidence of 1.28 (1.12-1.45) times that of females. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, the incidence was 1.57 (1.18-1.20) times higher among non-Hispanic Asians, 1.49 (1.22-1.83) among non-Hispanic blacks, and 1.73 (1.15-2.62) among Hispanics. Among females of childbearing age, non-Hispanic Asian females had 2.72 (1.51-4.89) and Hispanic females 3.13 (2.12-4.89) times higher incidence than non-Hispanic whites. We observed a higher percentage of deaths among older patient groups compared with 15- to 44-year olds. This study is the first characterizing higher RRs for Listeriosis in the United States among non-Hispanic blacks and Asians compared with non-Hispanic whites. This information for public health risk managers may spur further research to understand if differences in Listeriosis rates relate to differences in consumption patterns of foods with higher contamination levels, food handling practices, comorbidities, immunodeficiencies, health care access, or other factors.
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invasive Listeriosis in the foodborne diseases active surveillance network foodnet 2004 2009 further targeted prevention needed for higher risk groups
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Benjamin J Silk, Kashmira Date, Kelly A Jackson, Regis Pouillot, Kristin G Holt, Lewis M Graves, Kanyin L Ong, Sharon Hurd, Rebecca Meyer, Ruthanne MarcusAbstract:BACKGROUND Listeriosis can cause severe disease, especially in fetuses, neonates, older adults, and persons with certain immunocompromising and chronic conditions. We summarize US population-based surveillance data for invasive Listeriosis from 2004 through 2009. METHODS We analyzed Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) data for patients with Listeria monocytogenes isolated from normally sterile sites. We describe the epidemiology of Listeriosis, estimate overall and specific incidence rates, and compare pregnancy-associated and nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis by age and ethnicity. RESULTS A total of 762 Listeriosis cases were identified during the 6-year reporting period, including 126 pregnancy-associated cases (17%), 234 nonpregnancy-associated cases(31%) in patients aged <65 years, and 400 nonpregnancy-associated cases (53%) in patients aged ≥ 65 years. Eighteen percent of all cases were fatal. Meningitis was diagnosed in 44% of neonates. For 2004-2009, the overall annual incidence of Listeriosis varied from 0.25 to 0.32 cases per 100,000 population. Among Hispanic women, the crude incidence of pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 5.09 to 12.37 cases per 100,000 for the periods of 2004-2006 and 2007-2009, respectively; among non-Hispanic women, pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 1.74 to 2.80 cases per 100,000 for the same periods. Incidence rates of nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis in patients aged ≥ 65 years were 4-5 times greater than overall rates annually. CONCLUSIONS Overall Listeriosis incidence did not change significantly from 2004 through 2009. Further targeted prevention is needed, including food safety education and messaging (eg, avoiding Mexican-style cheese during pregnancy). Effective prevention among pregnant women, especially Hispanics, and older adults would substantially affect overall rates.
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relative risk of Listeriosis in foodborne diseases active surveillance network foodnet sites according to age pregnancy and ethnicity
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Regis Pouillot, Kelly A Jackson, Karin Hoelzer, Olga L Henao, Benjamin J SilkAbstract:Background Quantitative estimates of the relative risk (RR) of Listeriosis among higher-risk populations and a nuanced understanding of the age-specific risks are crucial for risk assessments, targeted interventions, and policy decisions. Method The RR of invasive Listeriosis was evaluated by age, pregnancy status, and ethnicity using 2004-2009 data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Nonparametric logistic regression was used to characterize changes in risk with age and ethnicity. Adjusted RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated using negative binomial generalized linear models. Results Among non-pregnancy-associated cases, Listeriosis incidence rates increased gradually with age (45-59 years: RR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.3-6.8; >85 years: RR, 53.8; 95% CI, 37.3-78.9; reference: 15-44 years). The RR was significantly higher for Hispanics than for non-Hispanics (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.5). Among women of reproductive age (15-44 years), pregnant women had a markedly higher Listeriosis risk (RR, 114.6; 95% CI, 68.9-205.1) than nonpregnant women. The RR was higher for Hispanic than non-Hispanic women, regardless of pregnancy status, and this increased during the study period (2004-2006: RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.3; 2007-2009: RR, 4.8; 95% CI, 3.1-7.1). Conclusions This study quantifies the increases in risk of Listeriosis among older persons, pregnant women, and Hispanics in the United States. Additional research is needed to better describe the independent effects of age on risk while accounting for underlying conditions. These estimates are needed both to optimize risk assessment models and to inform targeted interventions and policy decisions.
Sharon Hurd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differences among incidence rates of invasive Listeriosis in the u s foodnet population by age sex race ethnicity and pregnancy status 2008 2016
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 2019Co-Authors: Aurelie M Pohl, Regis Pouillot, Michael C Bazaco, Beverly J Wolpert, Jessica M Healy, Beau B Bruce, Mark Laughlin, Jennifer C Hunter, John R Dunn, Sharon HurdAbstract:Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that disproportionally affects pregnant females, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. Using U.S. Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) surveillance data, we examined Listeriosis incidence rates and rate ratios (RRs) by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and pregnancy status across three periods from 2008 to 2016, as recent incidence trends in U.S. subgroups had not been evaluated. The invasive Listeriosis annual incidence rate per 100,000 for 2008-2016 was 0.28 cases among the general population (excluding pregnant females), and 3.73 cases among pregnant females. For adults ≥70 years, the annual incidence rate per 100,000 was 1.33 cases. No significant change in estimated Listeriosis incidence was found over the 2008-2016 period, except for a small, but significantly lower pregnancy-associated rate in 2011-2013 when compared with 2008-2010. Among the nonpregnancy-associated cases, RRs increased with age from 0.43 (95% confidence interval: 0.25-0.73) for 0- to 14-year olds to 44.9 (33.5-60.0) for ≥85-year olds, compared with 15- to 44-year olds. Males had an incidence of 1.28 (1.12-1.45) times that of females. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, the incidence was 1.57 (1.18-1.20) times higher among non-Hispanic Asians, 1.49 (1.22-1.83) among non-Hispanic blacks, and 1.73 (1.15-2.62) among Hispanics. Among females of childbearing age, non-Hispanic Asian females had 2.72 (1.51-4.89) and Hispanic females 3.13 (2.12-4.89) times higher incidence than non-Hispanic whites. We observed a higher percentage of deaths among older patient groups compared with 15- to 44-year olds. This study is the first characterizing higher RRs for Listeriosis in the United States among non-Hispanic blacks and Asians compared with non-Hispanic whites. This information for public health risk managers may spur further research to understand if differences in Listeriosis rates relate to differences in consumption patterns of foods with higher contamination levels, food handling practices, comorbidities, immunodeficiencies, health care access, or other factors.
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invasive Listeriosis in the foodborne diseases active surveillance network foodnet 2004 2009 further targeted prevention needed for higher risk groups
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Benjamin J Silk, Kashmira Date, Kelly A Jackson, Regis Pouillot, Kristin G Holt, Lewis M Graves, Kanyin L Ong, Sharon Hurd, Rebecca Meyer, Ruthanne MarcusAbstract:BACKGROUND Listeriosis can cause severe disease, especially in fetuses, neonates, older adults, and persons with certain immunocompromising and chronic conditions. We summarize US population-based surveillance data for invasive Listeriosis from 2004 through 2009. METHODS We analyzed Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) data for patients with Listeria monocytogenes isolated from normally sterile sites. We describe the epidemiology of Listeriosis, estimate overall and specific incidence rates, and compare pregnancy-associated and nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis by age and ethnicity. RESULTS A total of 762 Listeriosis cases were identified during the 6-year reporting period, including 126 pregnancy-associated cases (17%), 234 nonpregnancy-associated cases(31%) in patients aged <65 years, and 400 nonpregnancy-associated cases (53%) in patients aged ≥ 65 years. Eighteen percent of all cases were fatal. Meningitis was diagnosed in 44% of neonates. For 2004-2009, the overall annual incidence of Listeriosis varied from 0.25 to 0.32 cases per 100,000 population. Among Hispanic women, the crude incidence of pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 5.09 to 12.37 cases per 100,000 for the periods of 2004-2006 and 2007-2009, respectively; among non-Hispanic women, pregnancy-associated Listeriosis increased from 1.74 to 2.80 cases per 100,000 for the same periods. Incidence rates of nonpregnancy-associated Listeriosis in patients aged ≥ 65 years were 4-5 times greater than overall rates annually. CONCLUSIONS Overall Listeriosis incidence did not change significantly from 2004 through 2009. Further targeted prevention is needed, including food safety education and messaging (eg, avoiding Mexican-style cheese during pregnancy). Effective prevention among pregnant women, especially Hispanics, and older adults would substantially affect overall rates.
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reduction in the incidence of invasive Listeriosis in foodborne diseases active surveillance network sites 1996 2003
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Andrew C Voetsch, Sharon Hurd, Frederick J Angulo, Timothy F Jones, Matthew R Moore, Celine Nadon, Patrick V Mccarthy, Beletshachew Shiferaw, Melanie Megginson, Bridget J AndersonAbstract:BACKGROUND Listeriosis is a leading cause of death among patients with foodborne diseases in the United States. Monitoring disease incidence is an important element of Listeriosis surveillance and control. METHOD We conducted population-based surveillance for Listeria monocytogenes isolates obtained from normally sterile sites at all clinical diagnostic laboratories in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network from 1996 through 2003. RESULTS The incidence of laboratory-confirmed invasive Listeriosis decreased by 24% from 1996 through 2003; pregnancy-associated disease decreased by 37%, compared with a decrease of 23% for patients > or =50 years old. The highest incidence was reported among Hispanic persons from 1997 through 2001. Differences in incidence by age group and ethnicity may be explained by dietary preferences. CONCLUSION The marked decrease in the incidence of Listeriosis may be related to the decrease in the prevalence of L. monocytogenes contamination of ready-to-eat foods since 1996. The crude incidence in 2003 of 3.1 cases per 1 million population approaches the government's Healthy People objective of 2.5 cases per 1 million population by 2005. Further decreases in Listeriosis incidence will require continued efforts of industry and government to reduce contamination of food and continued efforts to educate consumers and clinicians.
