The Experts below are selected from a list of 495 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Jose Obeso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Deep brain stimulation: from neurology to psychiatry?
    Trends in Neurosciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Paul Krack, Marwan Hariz, Christelle Baunez, Jorge Guridi, Jose Obeso
    Abstract:

    Functional stereotaxy was introduced in the late 1940s to reduce the morbidity of Lobotomy in psychiatric disease by using more focal lesions. The advent of neuroleptics led to a drastic decline in psychosurgery for several decades. Functional stereotactic neurosurgery has recently been revitalized, starting with treatment of Parkinson's disease, in which deep brain stimulation (DBS) facilitates reversible focal neuromodulation of altered basal ganglia circuits. DBS is now being extended to treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions such as Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and addiction. In this review, we discuss the concept that dysfunction of motor, limbic and associative cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loops underlies these various disorders, which might now be amenable to DBS treatment.

Miguel A Faria - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • violence mental illness and the brain a brief history of psychosurgery part 1 from trephination to Lobotomy
    Surgical Neurology International, 2013
    Co-Authors: Miguel A Faria
    Abstract:

    Psychosurgery was developed early in human prehistory (trephination) as a need perhaps to alter aberrant behavior and treat mental illness. The “American Crowbar Case” provided an impetus to study the brain and human behavior. The frontal lobe syndrome was avidly studied. Frontal Lobotomy was developed in the 1930s for the treatment of mental illness and to solve the pressing problem of overcrowding in mental institutions in an era when no other forms of effective treatment were available. Lobotomy popularized by Dr. Walter Freeman reached a zenith in the 1940s, only to come into disrepute in the late 1950s. Other forms of therapy were needed and psychosurgery evolved into stereotactic functional neurosurgery. A history of these developments up to the 21st century will be related in this three-part essay-editorial, exclusively researched and written for the readers of Surgical Neurology International (SNI).

Hirohisa Toga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • video assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection for pulmonary sequestration
    The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 2004
    Co-Authors: Tsutomu Sakuma, Makoto Sugita, Motoyasu Sagawa, Masanobu Ishigaki, Hirohisa Toga
    Abstract:

    Abstract A 60-year-old woman underwent a video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection of intralobar pulmonary sequestration instead of a Lobotomy because the lesion was localized in the right basal segment. Preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography was useful for identifying an aberrant artery arising from the thoracic aorta and distributing to the lesion. A successful outcome more than 4 years after the surgery indicates that a wedge resection under video-assisted thoracoscopy may prove to be a therapeutic option for localized pulmonary sequestration.

Paul Krack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Deep brain stimulation: from neurology to psychiatry?
    Trends in Neurosciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Paul Krack, Marwan Hariz, Christelle Baunez, Jorge Guridi, Jose Obeso
    Abstract:

    Functional stereotaxy was introduced in the late 1940s to reduce the morbidity of Lobotomy in psychiatric disease by using more focal lesions. The advent of neuroleptics led to a drastic decline in psychosurgery for several decades. Functional stereotactic neurosurgery has recently been revitalized, starting with treatment of Parkinson's disease, in which deep brain stimulation (DBS) facilitates reversible focal neuromodulation of altered basal ganglia circuits. DBS is now being extended to treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions such as Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and addiction. In this review, we discuss the concept that dysfunction of motor, limbic and associative cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loops underlies these various disorders, which might now be amenable to DBS treatment.

Thomas Schlich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • highly qualified loser harvey cushing and the nobel prize
    Journal of Neurosurgery, 2015
    Co-Authors: Nils Hansson, Thomas Schlich
    Abstract:

    Neurosurgery, in particular surgery of the brain, was recognized as one of the most spectacular transgressions of the traditional limits of surgical work. With their audacious, technically demanding, laboratory-based, and highly promising new interventions, prominent neurosurgeons were primary candidates for the Nobel Prize. Accordingly, neurosurgical pioneers such as Victor Horsley and, in particular, Harvey Cushing continued to be nominated for the prize. However, only Antonio Egas Moniz was eventually awarded the prestigious award in 1949 for the introduction of frontal Lobotomy, an intervention that would no longer be prize-worthy from today's perspective. Horsley and Cushing, who were arguably the most important proponents of early neurosurgery, remained “highly qualified losers,” as such cases have been called. This paper examines the nominations, reviews, and discussions kept in the Nobel Archives to understand the reasons for this remarkable choice. At a more general level, the authors use the exa...