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Edwin A. Deitch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cellular basis of burn-induced cardiac dysfunction and prevention by mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation.
The Journal of surgical research, 2013Co-Authors: Justin T. Sambol, Edwin A. Deitch, Koichi Takimoto, Garima Dosi, Atsuko YataniAbstract:Abstract Background Myocardial contractile depression develops 4 to 24 h after major burn injury. We have reported previously that in a rat burn injury model (≈40% of total body surface area burn), mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation (LDL) prior to burn prevented myocardial dysfunction. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Materials and methods Left ventricular myocytes were isolated from sham burn (control), sham burn with LDL (sham + LDL), burn, and burn with LDL (burn + LDL) rats at 4 and 24 h after burn or sham burn. Electrophysiological techniques were used to study myocyte size, contractility and L-type Ca2+ channel current (ICa). Further studies examined changes in the messenger RNA expression levels of pore-forming subunit of the L-type Ca2+ channel, α1C, and its auxiliary subunits, β1, β2, β3, and α2δ1, which modulate the abundance of the ICa in post-burn hearts. Results Depressed myocyte contractility (≈20%) developed during 4 to 24 h post-burn compared with control, sham + LDL, or burn + LDL groups, a pattern of changes consistent with whole heart studies. There was no significant alteration in myocyte size. The ICa density was significantly decreased (≈30%) at 24 h post-burn, whereas the messenger RNA expression levels of Ca2+ channel gene were not significantly altered at 4 and 24 h after burn injury. Conclusions These results suggest that the post-burn contractile phenotype in vivo was also present in isolated myocytes in vitro, but cellular remodeling was not a major factor. The results also suggest that changes in ICa regulation, but not from Ca2+ channel gene modification, may be a key element involved in post-burn contractile depression and the beneficial effects of LDL.
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mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation prevents trauma hemorrhage shock induced cardiac contractile dysfunction
Journal of Applied Physiology, 2009Co-Authors: Justin T. Sambol, Edwin A. Deitch, Chirag D. Badami, Francis J. Caputo, Marlon A Lee, Kentaro Kawai, Tomoko Kawai, Atsuko YataniAbstract:Clinical and experimental studies have shown that trauma combined with hemorrhage shock (T/HS) is associated with myocardial contractile dysfunction. However, the initial events triggering the card...
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Mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation improves survival in a lethal shock model.
Shock (Augusta Ga.), 2008Co-Authors: Chirag D. Badami, Maheswari Senthil, Francis J. Caputo, Bobby Rupani, Danielle Doucet, Vadim Pisarenko, Rena Feinman, Edwin A. DeitchAbstract:ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that factors released from the gut and carried in the mesenteric Lymph contribute to mortality in a lethal gut I/R model. To test this hypothesis, a lethal splanchnic artery occlusion (SAO) shock model was used in male Sprague-Dawley rats. In
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Mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation decreases red blood cell alterations caused by acute pancreatitis.
American journal of surgery, 2005Co-Authors: Tamara L. Berezina, Edwin A. Deitch, Sergey B. Zaets, Damian J. Mole, Zoltán Spolarics, George W. MachiedoAbstract:Abstract Background Both experimental and clinical studies have shown that acute pancreatitis (AP) causes a significant decrease in red blood cell (RBC) deformability. The mechanisms by which AP induces RBC injury are unknown. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that factors carried in the mesenteric Lymph after an attack of AP significantly contribute to the RBC injury observed in AP. Methods RBC deformability was determined by means of laser-assisted ektacytometry in mesenteric Lymph Duct–ligated and non-ligated rats subjected to AP and in sham-operated animals. Results AP was associated with significant alterations of RBC deformability indices, namely the elongation index and half maximal RBC elongation. Pancreatitis-induced RBC deformability changes were partially prevented by mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation. Conclusions Mesenteric Lymph in AP contains factors that cause RBC damage, which is manifested by decreased deformability. Interruption of the Lymph flow from the injured gut into the bloodstream decreases these RBC alterations.
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trauma hemorrhagic shock induced up regulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules is blunted by mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation
Critical Care Medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Charles A. Adams, Andrew C Issekutz, Edwin A. DeitchAbstract:Objective Previous studies have shown that mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation prevents trauma-hemorrhagic shock-induced lung injury and neutrophil activation. Since endothelial cells rapidly express adhesion molecules, such as P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, after shock, and because trauma-hemorrhagic shock-induced lung injury appears to involve neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions, we tested the hypothesis that Lymph Duct ligation would diminish trauma-hemorrhagic shock-induced P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the lung and other organs. Design Prospective animal study with concurrent control. Setting Small animal laboratory. Subjects Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Interventions Four groups of male rats were studied: trauma (laparotomy) plus sham shock, trauma-sham shock plus Lymph Duct ligation, trauma-hemorrhagic shock (90 mins of shock at 30 mm Hg), and trauma-hemorrhagic shock plus Lymph Duct ligation. At 3 or 24 hrs after trauma-hemorrhagic shock or trauma-sham shock, lung, heart, liver, kidney, intestinal, and other visceral concentrations of P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression were measured using the dual radiolabeled monoclonal antibody technique. Measurements and Main Results At 3 and 24 hrs, trauma-hemorrhagic shock increased endothelial cell P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 adhesion molecule expression in the lung and liver. At 3 and 24 hrs after trauma-hemorrhagic shock, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression was increased in the heart, spleen, pancreas, intestine, and kidney, whereas at 24 hrs, but not 3 hrs, P-selectin expression also was increased in these organs. Lymph Duct ligation prevented trauma-hemorrhagic shock-induced increased adhesion molecule expression in all of these organs with the exception of intestinal P-selectin expression. Conclusions Trauma-hemorrhagic shock-induced increases in endothelial cell P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the lung and liver as well as other tissues appear to be related to factors liberated from the ischemic gut and carried in intestinal Lymph.
Jing Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on erythrocyte rheology in acute hemorrhagic rats
Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi = Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi = Chinese journal of applied physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yu-ping Zhang, Hua Jiang, Chun-yan Liu, Yong-quan Zhao, Chunyu NiuAbstract:Objective:To observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct (MLD) ligation on erythrocyte rheology in acute hemorrhagic rats. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into hemorrhage group and ligation group (n=10). Blood (one fourth of body whole blood volume) was withdrawn through right common carotid arteries after rats were anesthetized. In ligation group, the MLD was ligated after hemorrhage, and only threading under the MLD in hemorrhage group. The survival situation at 24 h was recorded. After 24 h, survival rats were anesthetized again, blood sample was withdrawn through left common carotid artery rapidly. And the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), electrophoresis of erythrocytes, hematocrit (Hct) were determined in blood samples of before and after hemorrhage, the erythrocytes aggregation and deformability indices were calculated. Results: It showed that the ligation group survival (9 rats alive) was slightly better than that in hemorrhage group (6 rats alive). The results of erythrocyte rheology indices showed that the ESR, K value of edquation, K value of emendation and electrophoresis time in hemorrhage group and ligation group were higher or longer than those before hemorrhage, the erythrocyte deformability was reduced significantly, respectively. And the erythrocytes aggregation index in hemorrhage group was increased, the electrophoresis length and migration of erythrocyte in hemorrhage group were lower than those before hemorrhage, respectively. But compared with hemorrhage group, the ESR, K value of edquation, K value of emendation, erythrocytes aggregation index and electrophoresis time in ligation group were lower, the electrophoresis lengh, migration and deformability of erythrocyte were increased significantly. Conclusion: The results indicate that the higher erythrocyte aggregation ability, lower electrophoresis function and deformability are caused by acute hemorrhage in rats, and the MLD ligation can improve the abnormal erythrocyte rheology.
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on coagulability of blood after acute loss of blood in rats
Zhongguo wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue = Chinese critical care medicine = Zhongguo weizhongbing jijiuyixue, 2009Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yu-ping Zhang, Chun-yan Liu, Yong-quan Zhao, Chunyu NiuAbstract:Objective To observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on platelet function, thrombus formation in vitro and coagulation function in rats with acute loss of blood, and investigate the role of intestinal Lymphatic pathway on coagulability change during acute loss of blood. Methods Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into loss of blood group (n=10) and ligation group (n=10). The acute loss of blood model was reproduced by withdrawing blood (one fourth of body whole blood volume) with an automatic withdrawal-infusion machine through right common carotid artery. In ligation group, the mesenteric Lymph Duct was ligated after loss of blood, and in loss of blood group only a thread was passed under the mesenteric Lymph Duct. The rats′ survival rate at 24 hours was recorded. After 24 hours, surviving rats were anesthetized again, and 6 ml of blood was withdrew from left common carotid artery rapidly. The platelet adhesive rate, platelet aggregation rate, thrombus formation in vitro, coagulation function were determined before and after experiment, and the cerebral blood flow was measured. Results There were 6 rats alive in loss of blood group (60%), and 9 rats alive in ligation group (90%). The platelet adhesive rate, platelet aggregation rate, fibrinogen (Fib) content were increased in both groups, and cerebral blood flow was lower compared with before experiment significantly. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in loss of blood group, and thrombin time (TT) in both groups were prolonged. And the length of wet thrombus, wet weight of thrombus, length of dry thrombus, dry weight of thrombus and thrombus formation rate in loss of blood group were significantly increased compared with before experiment (P
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Effect of ligation of mesenteric Lymph Duct on inflammation response of liver in hemorrhagic shock in rats
Zhongguo wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue = Chinese critical care medicine = Zhongguo weizhongbing jijiuyixue, 2008Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Chunyu Niu, Jing Zhang, Yu-ping Zhang, Rui-hua Chen, Hua JiangAbstract:Objective To observe the effect of ligation of mesenteric Lymph Duct on changes in free radicals and pro-inflammatory mediators in the liver of rats with serious hemorrhagic shock at different periods, and explore the effect of blockage of intestinal Lymphatic pathway on inflammation response of liver.Methods Seventy-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the sham group (n= 6), shock group (n = 42), and ligation group (n= 30). The model of serious hemorrhagic shock was reproduced in shock group and ligation group. Mesenteric Lymph was blocked by ligating mesenteric Lymph Duct in ligation group after resuscitation. Six rats were sacrificed at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours, and the livers were harvested and homogenized for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide symhase (NOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in liver was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The contents of TNF-α, IL-6, NO, NOS, MDA, MPO and iNOS mRNA in liver homogenate of shock group were increased after transfusion and resuscitation, and their levels were higher at 6 and 12 hours. The values were significantly higher than those of the sham group, while the activity of SOD was significantly lower than that of sham group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). The contents of TNF-α, IL-6, NO, NOS, MDA, MPO and iNOS mRNA in liver homogenate were lower significantly after transfusion and 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after resuscitation than those of shock group at each time points, and the SOD activity was higher (P＜0. 05 or P＜0.01). Conclusion The results demonstrate that the ligation of mesenteric Lymph Duct could reduce the polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) detaining, and its mechanism might relate to reDuction of neutrophil aggregation, thus decreases the release of TNF-a and IL-6, reduces the NO and expression of iNOS mRNA, reduces the release of free radicals and consumption of SOD, as a result, it reduces the inflammatior response of liver in serious hemorrhagic shock rats. Key words: hemorrhagic shock; liver injury; mesenteric Lymph Duct; ligation; inflammation
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effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on apoptosis of renal tubule epithelial cells in rats after two hits
Chinese critical care medicine, 2007Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Chunyu Niu, Jing ZhangAbstract:OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation in preventing apoptosis of renal tubule epithelial cells in rats by two-hits including hemorrhage and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. METHODS Forty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: the ligation group, the non-ligation group and sham operation group. The two-hits model was established by withdrawing the blood via the right side carotid artery of rats and intragastric administration 4 mg/kg LPS 6 hours after hemorrhage, and mesenteric Lymph flow was blocked by ligating mesenteric Lymph Duct in ligation group. Twenty-four hours after operation, kidney was harvested for pathological examination, and the apoptosis cells rate of renal tubule epithelial cells were determined by method of terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), the expression of apoptosis-correlating gene bcl-2 and bax protein were determined by streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC) immunohistochemical method. RESULTS After two-hits, the apoptosis rate and expression of bax protein of renal tubule epithelial cells in non-ligation group were significantly increased, and expression of bcl-2 protein was significantly lower as compared with those of sham operation group (all P<0.01). But the apoptosis rate and expression of bax protein of renal tubule epithelial cells in ligation group were significantly lower, and expression of bcl-2 protein was significantly increased as compared with non-ligation group (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that the ligation of mesenteric Lymph Duct could ameliorate the apoptosis of renal tubule epithelial cells in rats as produced by hemorrhage and LPS, and its mechanism might relate to the reDuction of the down regulation of gene expression of bax protein and enhancement of the expression of bcl-2 protein after ligation of mesenteric Lymph Duct.
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats
Zhongguo wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue = Chinese critical care medicine = Zhongguo weizhongbing jijiuyixue, 2007Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Chunyu Niu, Jing Zhang, Yan-kai Liu, Yu-ping Zhang, Hua JiangAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of ligation of mesenteric Lymph Duct on release of oxygen free radical and inflammatory mediator in lung of rat with serious hemorrhagic shock at different periods, and explore the role of intestinal Lymphatic pathway on acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS: Seventy-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, shock group, and ligation group. The model of serious hemorrhagic shock was reproduced in shock group, ligation group, and mesenteric Lymph flow was occluded by ligating mesenteric Lymph Duct in ligation group after resuscitation. Eight rats were sacrificed and the lung was harvested and homogenized for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity at 90 minutes after shock, 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after transfusion and resuscitation. RESULTS: The contents of MDA, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and MPO activity in lung homogenate of shock group were elevated after transfusion and resuscitation, and the levels were higher significantly at 3-12 hours, than those of the sham operation group, while the activity of SOD was significantly lower than that of sham operation group (P
Zigang Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation after hemorrhagic shock enhances the ATP level and ATPase activity in rat kidneys
Renal failure, 2014Co-Authors: Li-min Zhang, Zigang Zhao, Li-jie Jiang, Chunyu NiuAbstract:AbstractBackground: Kidney injury commonly occurs following hemorrhagic shock. This study aims to observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation (MLDL) on the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and the cell membrane adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in the kidneys of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Wistar rats were assigned into sham, shock, and ligation groups. The hemorrhagic shock model was established in the shock and ligation groups, and MLDL was performed in the ligation group after resuscitation. Renal homogenates were prepared to determine the ATP and ATPase levels at 90 min after hemorrhage and at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after resuscitation. Results: The ATP levels, and the Na+–K+–ATPase, Mg2+–ATPase, Ca2+–ATPase, and Ca2+–Mg2+–ATPase activities in the renal tissue of the shock group were lower than those in the sham group at the multiple time points. Furthermore, the corresponding values in the ligation group were significantly higher than those in the shock group...
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on gene expression profiles of renal tissue in hemorrhagic shock rats with fluid resuscitation
Renal failure, 2013Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Chunyu Niu, Jing-fu Qiu, Xiao-dong ChenAbstract:AbstractBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common pathological process following hemorrhagic shock, can lead to an internal milieu disorder, which is an important factor of multiple organ failure (MOF). It has been shown that the mesenteric Lymph return plays a deleterious effect on MOF induced by hemorrhagic shock. In this study, we investigated the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation (MLDL) on gene expression profiles of renal tissue following hemorrhagic shock with fluid resuscitation. Methods: After establishment of hemorrhagic shock model and fluid resuscitation in rats of shock and shock ligation groups, the MLDL was performed in shock ligation group, and only threading under the mesenteric Lymph Duct in the shock group. Then, the fixed position renal tissue was taken out for homogenate in two groups at 3 h after resuscitation, the total mRNA was extracted, reversely transcribed into cDNAs and marked with Cy3 and Cy5. The cDNAs were subjected for microarray scanning with 12,028 cDNA prob...
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Mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation against renal injury in rats after hemorrhagic shock.
Renal failure, 2010Co-Authors: Chunyu Niu, Zigang Zhao, Ya-li Hou, Yu-ping ZhangAbstract:Background: The kidney is a common target in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The aim of this study is to determine the role of intestinal Lymphatic pathway on renal injury in hemorrhagic shock rats. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into sham, shock, and ligation groups. The hemorrhagic shock model was induced in the shock and ligation groups. After resuscitation, the mesenteric Lymph Ducts were ligated in the ligation group. Blood from the carotid artery was taken to determine renal functional indices. The kidneys were used to observe histomorphological changes at 6 h after resuscitation. In addition, kidney homogenate was used to determine malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels at 90 min after shock and 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after resuscitation. And the survival rate of 24 h was recorded. Results: The survival rate in shock group was obviously lower than sham and ligation groups. The ure...
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on erythrocyte rheology in acute hemorrhagic rats
Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi = Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi = Chinese journal of applied physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yu-ping Zhang, Hua Jiang, Chun-yan Liu, Yong-quan Zhao, Chunyu NiuAbstract:Objective:To observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct (MLD) ligation on erythrocyte rheology in acute hemorrhagic rats. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into hemorrhage group and ligation group (n=10). Blood (one fourth of body whole blood volume) was withdrawn through right common carotid arteries after rats were anesthetized. In ligation group, the MLD was ligated after hemorrhage, and only threading under the MLD in hemorrhage group. The survival situation at 24 h was recorded. After 24 h, survival rats were anesthetized again, blood sample was withdrawn through left common carotid artery rapidly. And the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), electrophoresis of erythrocytes, hematocrit (Hct) were determined in blood samples of before and after hemorrhage, the erythrocytes aggregation and deformability indices were calculated. Results: It showed that the ligation group survival (9 rats alive) was slightly better than that in hemorrhage group (6 rats alive). The results of erythrocyte rheology indices showed that the ESR, K value of edquation, K value of emendation and electrophoresis time in hemorrhage group and ligation group were higher or longer than those before hemorrhage, the erythrocyte deformability was reduced significantly, respectively. And the erythrocytes aggregation index in hemorrhage group was increased, the electrophoresis length and migration of erythrocyte in hemorrhage group were lower than those before hemorrhage, respectively. But compared with hemorrhage group, the ESR, K value of edquation, K value of emendation, erythrocytes aggregation index and electrophoresis time in ligation group were lower, the electrophoresis lengh, migration and deformability of erythrocyte were increased significantly. Conclusion: The results indicate that the higher erythrocyte aggregation ability, lower electrophoresis function and deformability are caused by acute hemorrhage in rats, and the MLD ligation can improve the abnormal erythrocyte rheology.
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on coagulability of blood after acute loss of blood in rats
Zhongguo wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue = Chinese critical care medicine = Zhongguo weizhongbing jijiuyixue, 2009Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yu-ping Zhang, Chun-yan Liu, Yong-quan Zhao, Chunyu NiuAbstract:Objective To observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on platelet function, thrombus formation in vitro and coagulation function in rats with acute loss of blood, and investigate the role of intestinal Lymphatic pathway on coagulability change during acute loss of blood. Methods Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into loss of blood group (n=10) and ligation group (n=10). The acute loss of blood model was reproduced by withdrawing blood (one fourth of body whole blood volume) with an automatic withdrawal-infusion machine through right common carotid artery. In ligation group, the mesenteric Lymph Duct was ligated after loss of blood, and in loss of blood group only a thread was passed under the mesenteric Lymph Duct. The rats′ survival rate at 24 hours was recorded. After 24 hours, surviving rats were anesthetized again, and 6 ml of blood was withdrew from left common carotid artery rapidly. The platelet adhesive rate, platelet aggregation rate, thrombus formation in vitro, coagulation function were determined before and after experiment, and the cerebral blood flow was measured. Results There were 6 rats alive in loss of blood group (60%), and 9 rats alive in ligation group (90%). The platelet adhesive rate, platelet aggregation rate, fibrinogen (Fib) content were increased in both groups, and cerebral blood flow was lower compared with before experiment significantly. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in loss of blood group, and thrombin time (TT) in both groups were prolonged. And the length of wet thrombus, wet weight of thrombus, length of dry thrombus, dry weight of thrombus and thrombus formation rate in loss of blood group were significantly increased compared with before experiment (P
Chunyu Niu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation after hemorrhagic shock enhances the ATP level and ATPase activity in rat kidneys
Renal failure, 2014Co-Authors: Li-min Zhang, Zigang Zhao, Li-jie Jiang, Chunyu NiuAbstract:AbstractBackground: Kidney injury commonly occurs following hemorrhagic shock. This study aims to observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation (MLDL) on the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and the cell membrane adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in the kidneys of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Wistar rats were assigned into sham, shock, and ligation groups. The hemorrhagic shock model was established in the shock and ligation groups, and MLDL was performed in the ligation group after resuscitation. Renal homogenates were prepared to determine the ATP and ATPase levels at 90 min after hemorrhage and at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after resuscitation. Results: The ATP levels, and the Na+–K+–ATPase, Mg2+–ATPase, Ca2+–ATPase, and Ca2+–Mg2+–ATPase activities in the renal tissue of the shock group were lower than those in the sham group at the multiple time points. Furthermore, the corresponding values in the ligation group were significantly higher than those in the shock group...
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on gene expression profiles of renal tissue in hemorrhagic shock rats with fluid resuscitation
Renal failure, 2013Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Chunyu Niu, Jing-fu Qiu, Xiao-dong ChenAbstract:AbstractBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common pathological process following hemorrhagic shock, can lead to an internal milieu disorder, which is an important factor of multiple organ failure (MOF). It has been shown that the mesenteric Lymph return plays a deleterious effect on MOF induced by hemorrhagic shock. In this study, we investigated the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation (MLDL) on gene expression profiles of renal tissue following hemorrhagic shock with fluid resuscitation. Methods: After establishment of hemorrhagic shock model and fluid resuscitation in rats of shock and shock ligation groups, the MLDL was performed in shock ligation group, and only threading under the mesenteric Lymph Duct in the shock group. Then, the fixed position renal tissue was taken out for homogenate in two groups at 3 h after resuscitation, the total mRNA was extracted, reversely transcribed into cDNAs and marked with Cy3 and Cy5. The cDNAs were subjected for microarray scanning with 12,028 cDNA prob...
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Mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation against renal injury in rats after hemorrhagic shock.
Renal failure, 2010Co-Authors: Chunyu Niu, Zigang Zhao, Ya-li Hou, Yu-ping ZhangAbstract:Background: The kidney is a common target in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The aim of this study is to determine the role of intestinal Lymphatic pathway on renal injury in hemorrhagic shock rats. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into sham, shock, and ligation groups. The hemorrhagic shock model was induced in the shock and ligation groups. After resuscitation, the mesenteric Lymph Ducts were ligated in the ligation group. Blood from the carotid artery was taken to determine renal functional indices. The kidneys were used to observe histomorphological changes at 6 h after resuscitation. In addition, kidney homogenate was used to determine malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels at 90 min after shock and 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after resuscitation. And the survival rate of 24 h was recorded. Results: The survival rate in shock group was obviously lower than sham and ligation groups. The ure...
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on erythrocyte rheology in acute hemorrhagic rats
Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi = Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi = Chinese journal of applied physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yu-ping Zhang, Hua Jiang, Chun-yan Liu, Yong-quan Zhao, Chunyu NiuAbstract:Objective:To observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct (MLD) ligation on erythrocyte rheology in acute hemorrhagic rats. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into hemorrhage group and ligation group (n=10). Blood (one fourth of body whole blood volume) was withdrawn through right common carotid arteries after rats were anesthetized. In ligation group, the MLD was ligated after hemorrhage, and only threading under the MLD in hemorrhage group. The survival situation at 24 h was recorded. After 24 h, survival rats were anesthetized again, blood sample was withdrawn through left common carotid artery rapidly. And the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), electrophoresis of erythrocytes, hematocrit (Hct) were determined in blood samples of before and after hemorrhage, the erythrocytes aggregation and deformability indices were calculated. Results: It showed that the ligation group survival (9 rats alive) was slightly better than that in hemorrhage group (6 rats alive). The results of erythrocyte rheology indices showed that the ESR, K value of edquation, K value of emendation and electrophoresis time in hemorrhage group and ligation group were higher or longer than those before hemorrhage, the erythrocyte deformability was reduced significantly, respectively. And the erythrocytes aggregation index in hemorrhage group was increased, the electrophoresis length and migration of erythrocyte in hemorrhage group were lower than those before hemorrhage, respectively. But compared with hemorrhage group, the ESR, K value of edquation, K value of emendation, erythrocytes aggregation index and electrophoresis time in ligation group were lower, the electrophoresis lengh, migration and deformability of erythrocyte were increased significantly. Conclusion: The results indicate that the higher erythrocyte aggregation ability, lower electrophoresis function and deformability are caused by acute hemorrhage in rats, and the MLD ligation can improve the abnormal erythrocyte rheology.
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Effect of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on coagulability of blood after acute loss of blood in rats
Zhongguo wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue = Chinese critical care medicine = Zhongguo weizhongbing jijiuyixue, 2009Co-Authors: Zigang Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yu-ping Zhang, Chun-yan Liu, Yong-quan Zhao, Chunyu NiuAbstract:Objective To observe the effects of mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation on platelet function, thrombus formation in vitro and coagulation function in rats with acute loss of blood, and investigate the role of intestinal Lymphatic pathway on coagulability change during acute loss of blood. Methods Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into loss of blood group (n=10) and ligation group (n=10). The acute loss of blood model was reproduced by withdrawing blood (one fourth of body whole blood volume) with an automatic withdrawal-infusion machine through right common carotid artery. In ligation group, the mesenteric Lymph Duct was ligated after loss of blood, and in loss of blood group only a thread was passed under the mesenteric Lymph Duct. The rats′ survival rate at 24 hours was recorded. After 24 hours, surviving rats were anesthetized again, and 6 ml of blood was withdrew from left common carotid artery rapidly. The platelet adhesive rate, platelet aggregation rate, thrombus formation in vitro, coagulation function were determined before and after experiment, and the cerebral blood flow was measured. Results There were 6 rats alive in loss of blood group (60%), and 9 rats alive in ligation group (90%). The platelet adhesive rate, platelet aggregation rate, fibrinogen (Fib) content were increased in both groups, and cerebral blood flow was lower compared with before experiment significantly. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in loss of blood group, and thrombin time (TT) in both groups were prolonged. And the length of wet thrombus, wet weight of thrombus, length of dry thrombus, dry weight of thrombus and thrombus formation rate in loss of blood group were significantly increased compared with before experiment (P
Justin T. Sambol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cellular basis of burn-induced cardiac dysfunction and prevention by mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation.
The Journal of surgical research, 2013Co-Authors: Justin T. Sambol, Edwin A. Deitch, Koichi Takimoto, Garima Dosi, Atsuko YataniAbstract:Abstract Background Myocardial contractile depression develops 4 to 24 h after major burn injury. We have reported previously that in a rat burn injury model (≈40% of total body surface area burn), mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation (LDL) prior to burn prevented myocardial dysfunction. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Materials and methods Left ventricular myocytes were isolated from sham burn (control), sham burn with LDL (sham + LDL), burn, and burn with LDL (burn + LDL) rats at 4 and 24 h after burn or sham burn. Electrophysiological techniques were used to study myocyte size, contractility and L-type Ca2+ channel current (ICa). Further studies examined changes in the messenger RNA expression levels of pore-forming subunit of the L-type Ca2+ channel, α1C, and its auxiliary subunits, β1, β2, β3, and α2δ1, which modulate the abundance of the ICa in post-burn hearts. Results Depressed myocyte contractility (≈20%) developed during 4 to 24 h post-burn compared with control, sham + LDL, or burn + LDL groups, a pattern of changes consistent with whole heart studies. There was no significant alteration in myocyte size. The ICa density was significantly decreased (≈30%) at 24 h post-burn, whereas the messenger RNA expression levels of Ca2+ channel gene were not significantly altered at 4 and 24 h after burn injury. Conclusions These results suggest that the post-burn contractile phenotype in vivo was also present in isolated myocytes in vitro, but cellular remodeling was not a major factor. The results also suggest that changes in ICa regulation, but not from Ca2+ channel gene modification, may be a key element involved in post-burn contractile depression and the beneficial effects of LDL.
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mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation prevents trauma hemorrhage shock induced cardiac contractile dysfunction
Journal of Applied Physiology, 2009Co-Authors: Justin T. Sambol, Edwin A. Deitch, Chirag D. Badami, Francis J. Caputo, Marlon A Lee, Kentaro Kawai, Tomoko Kawai, Atsuko YataniAbstract:Clinical and experimental studies have shown that trauma combined with hemorrhage shock (T/HS) is associated with myocardial contractile dysfunction. However, the initial events triggering the card...
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Trauma-hemorrhage-induced neutrophil priming is prevented by mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation.
Shock (Augusta Ga.), 2002Co-Authors: Charles A. Adams, Carl J. Hauser, John M. Adams, Zoltan Fekete, Justin T. Sambol, Edwin A. DeitchAbstract:ABSTRACT Our objective in this study was to test the hypothesis that priming of neutrophils (PMN) in vivo by trauma-hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) is mediated by factors carried in intestinal Lymph that prime PMNs by enhancing their responses to inflammatory mediators. Previous studies have shown that T/HS-induced lung injury is mediated by factors contained in mesenteric Lymph and that ligation of the main mesenteric Lymph Duct (LDL) can prevent T/HS-induced lung injury. Since T/HS-induced lung injury is associated with PMN infiltration, one mechanism underlying this protective effect may be the prevention of PMN priming and activation. Therefore, we assessed the ability of T/HS to prime PMN responses to inflammatory agonists, and the ability of mesenteric Lymph Duct division to protect against such T/HS-induced PMN priming in an all-rat system. PMN were collected from male rats 6 h after laparotomy (trauma) plus hemorrhagic shock (30 mmHg for 90 min; T/HS) or trauma plus sham shock (T/SS). Uninstrumented rats were used as controls (UC). In a second set of experiments, rats were subjected to T/HS with or without mesenteric Lymph Duct division. PMN were then stimulated with chemokine (GRO, MIP-2) and lipid (PAF) chemoattractants, and cell calcium flux was used to quantify responses to those agonists. T/SS primed PMN responses to GRO, MIP-2, and PAF in comparison to UC rats, but the addition of shock (T/HS) amplified PMN priming in a significant manner, especially in response to GRO. Mesenteric Lymph Duct division prior to T/HS diminished PMN priming to the levels seen in T/SS. This reversal of priming was significant for GRO and GRO/MIP-2 given sequentially, with the other agonist regimens showing similar trends. The results support the concept that trauma and hemorrhagic shock play important additive roles in inflammatory PMN priming. Entry of gut-derived inflammatory proDucts into the circulation via mesenteric Lymph seems to play a dominant role in mediating the conversion of physiologic shock insults into immunoinflammatory PMN priming. Shock-induced gut Lymph priming enhances PMN responses to many important chemoattractants, most notably the chemokines, and mesenteric Lymph Duct division effectively reverses such priming to priming levels seen in trauma without shock.
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Burn-induced impairment of cardiac contractile function is due to gut-derived factors transported in mesenteric Lymph.
Shock (Augusta Ga.), 2002Co-Authors: Justin T. Sambol, Jean White, Jureta W. Horton, Edwin A. DeitchAbstract:Neither the source nor the cause of burn-induced myocardial dysfunction is known. Because scald burns have been shown to cause cardiac contractile dysfunction, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that gut-derived myocardial depressant factors were responsible for burn-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction. Male rats were subjected to laparotomy with or without mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation (LDL). After LDL or sham-LDL, the rats were randomized to receive sham or scald burn (43% TBSA full thickness) after which they were resuscitated for 24 h with 4 mL/kg/%burn of Ringers lactate solution, and then killed, and the hearts removed. Cardiac function was assessed by measuring the left ventricular pressure (LVP) and maximal rate of LVP rise and fall (+/-dP/dt) in response to increases either in 1) preload, 2) coronary flow rate, or 3) perfusate calcium. At 24 h after burn or sham burn and before killing, the mean arterial pressure of the burn group was less than the burn + LDL or the sham burn groups (P < 0.05). Pre-burn LDL significantly prevented burn-induced depression in LVP and +/-dP/dt (P < 0.05). In addition, the hearts harvested from the burn group showed a significant impairment in contraction and relaxation when preload, coronary flow, or perfusate calcium was increased compared with the burn + LDL and sham groups (P < 0.05). Burn-induced cardiac dysfunction, manifested by impaired contraction and relaxation, is prevented by pre-burn Lymph Duct ligation. These results indicate that gut-derived myocardial depressant factors transported in mesenteric Lymph contribute to burn-induced impairment of cardiac contractile function, because burn-induced cardiac dysfunction can be totally abrogated by pre-burn mesenteric Lymph Duct ligation.
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Hemorrhagic shock induced up-regulation of P-selectin expression is mediated by factors in mesenteric Lymph and blunted by mesenteric Lymph Duct interruption.
The Journal of trauma, 2001Co-Authors: Charles A. Adams, Justin T. Sambol, D. Granger, Edwin A. DeitchAbstract:Background: Previous studies have shown that mesenteric Lymph Duct interruption prevents lung injury and decreases lung neutrophil sequestration after hemorrhagic shock (HS). Since endothelial cells rapidly express P-selectin after ischemia/reperfusion injury and HS-induced lung injury appears to involve neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions, we tested the following two hypotheses. First, that HS increases endothelial cell P-selectin expression and that interruption of mesenteric Lymph flow in vivo would diminish this expression. Second, that incubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with post-HS mesenteric Lymph but not sham shock (SS) Lymph or postshock portal vein plasma would up-regulate P-selectin expression. Methods: Pulmonary microvascular P-selectin expression was measured in male rats subjected to 90 minutes of HS (30 mm Hg), SS, or HS with Lymphatic ligation, with a dual radiolabeled monoclonal antibody technique. The lungs from these animals were subsequently harvested and P-selectin expression was expressed as mean ± SEM nanograms of monoclonal antibody per gram of tissue. Results: Pulmonary P-selectin expression was 2.0 ± 11.4 after SS, 9.7 ± 3.0 after HS, but decreased to 2.3 ± 0.3 after HS with Lymph interruption (p < 0.05 HS vs. SS or HS plus Lymph ligation). Incubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with shock Lymph collected 3 to 4 hours after shock resulted in a nearly fivefold increase in P-selectin expression (p < 0.001) as compared with SS Lymph, Lymph collected 6 hours after shock, or postshock portal vein plasma. Conclusion: These results support the concept that gut-derived Lymph promotes HS-induced lung injury through up-regulation of microvascular adhesion molecules and that intestinal Lymph Duct interruption may prevent distant organ injury by blunting the expression of these molecules.
