The Experts below are selected from a list of 20919 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lise Tarnow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
are human endogenous retroviruses triggers of autoimmune diseases unveiling associations of three diseases and viral loci
Immunologic Research, 2016Co-Authors: Bjørn A. Nexø, Palle Villesen, Kari K Nissen, Hanne Merete Lindegaard, Thor Petersen, Lise Tarnow, Peter RossingAbstract:Autoimmune diseases encompass a plethora of conditions in which the immune system attacks its own tissue, identifying them as foreign. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to the development of immune response to self, including differences in genotypes, hormonal milieu, and environmental factors. Viruses including human endogenous retroviruses have long been linked to the occurrence of autoimmunity, but never proven to be causative factors. Endogenous viruses are retroviral sequences embedded in the host germline DNA and transmitted vertically through successive generations in a Mendelian manner. In this study by means of genetic epidemiology, we have searched for the involvement of endogenous retroviruses in three selected autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. We found that at least one human endogenous retroviral locus was associated with each of the three diseases. Although there was a significant overlap, most loci only occurred in one of the studied disease. Remarkably, within each disease, there was a statistical interaction (synergy) between two loci. Additional synergy between retroviral loci and human Lymphocyte antigens is reported for multiple sclerosis. We speculate the possibility that recombinants or mixed viral particles are formed and that the resulting viruses stimulate the innate immune system, thereby initiating the autoimmune response.
Peter Rossing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
are human endogenous retroviruses triggers of autoimmune diseases unveiling associations of three diseases and viral loci
Immunologic Research, 2016Co-Authors: Bjørn A. Nexø, Palle Villesen, Kari K Nissen, Hanne Merete Lindegaard, Thor Petersen, Lise Tarnow, Peter RossingAbstract:Autoimmune diseases encompass a plethora of conditions in which the immune system attacks its own tissue, identifying them as foreign. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to the development of immune response to self, including differences in genotypes, hormonal milieu, and environmental factors. Viruses including human endogenous retroviruses have long been linked to the occurrence of autoimmunity, but never proven to be causative factors. Endogenous viruses are retroviral sequences embedded in the host germline DNA and transmitted vertically through successive generations in a Mendelian manner. In this study by means of genetic epidemiology, we have searched for the involvement of endogenous retroviruses in three selected autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. We found that at least one human endogenous retroviral locus was associated with each of the three diseases. Although there was a significant overlap, most loci only occurred in one of the studied disease. Remarkably, within each disease, there was a statistical interaction (synergy) between two loci. Additional synergy between retroviral loci and human Lymphocyte antigens is reported for multiple sclerosis. We speculate the possibility that recombinants or mixed viral particles are formed and that the resulting viruses stimulate the innate immune system, thereby initiating the autoimmune response.
Travis C Mcguire - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
corticosteroid immunosuppression and monoclonal antibody mediated cd5 t Lymphocyte depletion in normal and equine infectious anaemia virus carrier horses
Journal of General Virology, 1994Co-Authors: Daniel B Tumas, Melissa T Hines, Lance E Perryman, William C Davis, Travis C McguireAbstract:The immune control of chronic equine infectious anaemia (EIA) lentiviral infection was investigated by specifically depleting CD5+ T Lymphocytes in vivo with monoclonal antibody (MAb) or by immunosuppression with corticosteroids. MAb was given at 25 to 50 mg/day intravenously for 11 days. Murine IgG1 anti-equine CD2 MAb (n = 2 horses) or IgG1 (n = 2) and IgG2a control MAb (n = 2 normal; 2 EIA-infected) did not deplete CD2+ T Lymphocytes in horses. Horses given murine IgG2a anti-CD5 MAb HB19A (n = 4 normal; 5 EIA-infected) had depletion of peripheral blood CD5+ T Lymphocytes during treatment. These horses, however, maintained a residual population of CD2+ T Lymphocytes [15 (±3)% of pretreatment numbers] that did not express CD5 but expressed either CD4 or CD8. These antigenically modulated CD5- T Lymphocytes responded normally in vivo to intradermal inoculation with phytohaemagglutinin and in vitro to allogeneic leukocyte stimulation in one-way mixed Lymphocyte reactions. EIA virus-infected horses (n = 5) did not develop recrudescent viraemia or disease following in vivo CD5+ T Lymphocyte depletion. Immunosuppression of EIA virus-infected horses with corticosteroids (1 mg/kg body weight/day, intravenously for 9 days) resulted in detectable recrudescent EIA viraemia in 6/11 horses (55%) and recrudescent disease in 9/11 horses (82%). Normal horses (n = 3) treated with corticosteroids developed no clinical disease. These results demonstrate that the use of murine IgG2a MAbs to appropriate equine Lymphocyte antigens will facilitate in vivo investigation of the role of T Lymphocyte subpopulations in the control of EIA or other important equine diseases.
Anne S De Groot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
diversity of francisella tularensis schu4 antigens recognized by t Lymphocytes after natural infections in humans identification of candidate epitopes for inclusion in a rationally designed tularemia vaccine
Vaccine, 2007Co-Authors: Julie A Mcmurry, Stephen H Gregory, Leonard Moise, Daniel G Rivera, Soren Buus, Anne S De GrootAbstract:The T Lymphocyte antigens, which may have a role in protection against tularemia, were predicted by immunoinformatics analysis of Francisella tularensis Schu4. Twenty-seven class II putative promiscuous epitopes and 125 putative class I supertype epitopes were chosen for synthesis; peptides were tested in vitro for their ability to bind HLA and to induce immune responses from PBMCs of 23 previously infected subjects. While the immune responses of individual subjects showed heterogeneity, 95% of the subjects responded strongly to a pool of 27 promiscuous peptides; 25%, 33%, and 44% of subjects responded to pools of 25 A2, A24, and B7 peptides, respectively. These data can aid in the development of novel epitope-based and subunit tularemia vaccines.
Bjørn A. Nexø - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
are human endogenous retroviruses triggers of autoimmune diseases unveiling associations of three diseases and viral loci
Immunologic Research, 2016Co-Authors: Bjørn A. Nexø, Palle Villesen, Kari K Nissen, Hanne Merete Lindegaard, Thor Petersen, Lise Tarnow, Peter RossingAbstract:Autoimmune diseases encompass a plethora of conditions in which the immune system attacks its own tissue, identifying them as foreign. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to the development of immune response to self, including differences in genotypes, hormonal milieu, and environmental factors. Viruses including human endogenous retroviruses have long been linked to the occurrence of autoimmunity, but never proven to be causative factors. Endogenous viruses are retroviral sequences embedded in the host germline DNA and transmitted vertically through successive generations in a Mendelian manner. In this study by means of genetic epidemiology, we have searched for the involvement of endogenous retroviruses in three selected autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. We found that at least one human endogenous retroviral locus was associated with each of the three diseases. Although there was a significant overlap, most loci only occurred in one of the studied disease. Remarkably, within each disease, there was a statistical interaction (synergy) between two loci. Additional synergy between retroviral loci and human Lymphocyte antigens is reported for multiple sclerosis. We speculate the possibility that recombinants or mixed viral particles are formed and that the resulting viruses stimulate the innate immune system, thereby initiating the autoimmune response.
