The Experts below are selected from a list of 96 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Toshihiko Hirano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
pharmacological effects of urinary products obtained after treatment with saiboku to a herbal medicine for bronchial asthma on type iv allergic reaction
Planta Medica, 2000Co-Authors: Chizu Taniguchi, Masato Homma, Toshihiko Hirano, Tomoyuki Niitsuma, Yutaka Aoyagi, Osamu Takano, Tohru HayashiAbstract:: To define the anti-allergic components in Saiboku-To, a herbal medicine for bronchial asthma, we examined the effects of 11 compounds found in post-administrative urine of Saiboku-To on concanavalin A-induced human Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and picryl chloride (PC)-induced mouse ear swelling in vivo. The urinary products of Saiboku-To were flavonoids and lignans derived from the constitutional herbs and their hydrogenated metabolites. Medicarpin derived from Glycyrrhiza glabra, magnolol and 8,9-dihydroxydihydromagnolol from Magnolia officinalis, baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A from Suctellaria baicalensis inhibited Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in dose-dependent fashion with IC50 values ranging from 3.0 to 7.7 micrograms/mL, which corresponded to 20-100 times that of prednisolone IC50 (0.08 microgram/mL). Davidigenin, dihydrowogonin and dihydrooroxylin A, which are hydrogenated metabolites of liquiritigenin, wogonin and oroxylin A, respectively, had no or little effects on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis. Oral administration of Saiboku-To, medicarpin, baicalein, magnolol and baicalin (100 mg/kg), inhibited PC-induced ear swelling significantly by 23.5, 40.1, 30.5, 23.6 and 20.9%, respectively, though the effects were weaker than that of 5 mg/kg of prednisolone (52.9%). The results suggested that flavonoids and lignans tested in the present study were implicated in anti-asthmatic effect of Saiboku-To through suppression of type IV allergic reaction.
-
gramicidin as a potential immunosuppressant for organ transplantation suppression of human Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and prolongation of heart allograft survival in the rat
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 1995Co-Authors: Toshihiko Hirano, T TamakiAbstract:Linear polypeptide antibiotic gramicidin is known to interact with the cell membrane and deregulate cation exchange. Because perturbation of cell membrane function may suppress the immune cell network, the authors investigated the effects of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and allograft survival in vivo. Gramicidin blocked Blastogenesis of human peripheral blood Lymphocytes that responded to mitogens (IC50 = 0.2-10.1 ng/ml) or allogeneic Lymphocytes (IC50 = 4.9 ng/ml). The extent of these suppressive effects was equal to or superior to that of cyclosporine or prednisolone. The antibiotic caused no apparent cytotoxicity at a dose of 10,000 ng/ml. The suppression of Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro by cyclosporine or prednisolone was restored by addition of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 or IL-6. In contrast, none of these cytokines affected the suppressive activity of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis. The immunosuppressive efficacy of gramicidin was further examined in vivo in heterotopically heart-transplanted rats. A heart graft from (Lewis x BN) F1 donor was implanted in the neck of allogeneic Lewis rats. In this model, beating of the graft in control recipients (placebo group) stopped as a result of acute allograft rejection at 5.4 +/- 0.4 days after transplantation (n = 38), whereas beating of the graft in recipients that received 2.0 or 4.0 mg kg-1 day-1 of gramicidin i.p. for 6 days was significantly prolonged to 15.4 +/- 4.3 (n = 5) or 18.4 +/- 3.9 (n = 5) days after transplantation, respectively (P < .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
-
gramicidin as a potential immunosuppressant for organ transplantation suppression of human Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and prolongation of heart allograft survival in the rat
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 1995Co-Authors: Toshihiko Hirano, T TamakiAbstract:Linear polypeptide antibiotic gramicidin is known to interact with the cell membrane and deregulate cation exchange. Because perturbation of cell membrane function may suppress the immune cell network, the authors investigated the effects of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and allograft survival in vivo. Gramicidin blocked Blastogenesis of human peripheral blood Lymphocytes that responded to mitogens (IC50 = 0.2-10.1 ng/ml) or allogeneic Lymphocytes (IC50 = 4.9 ng/ml). The extent of these suppressive effects was equal to or superior to that of cyclosporine or prednisolone. The antibiotic caused no apparent cytotoxicity at a dose of 10,000 ng/ml. The suppression of Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro by cyclosporine or prednisolone was restored by addition of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 or IL-6. In contrast, none of these cytokines affected the suppressive activity of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis. The immunosuppressive efficacy of gramicidin was further examined in vivo in heterotopically heart-transplanted rats. A heart graft from (Lewis x BN) F1 donor was implanted in the neck of allogeneic Lewis rats. In this model, beating of the graft in control recipients (placebo group) stopped as a result of acute allograft rejection at 5.4 +/- 0.4 days after transplantation (n = 38), whereas beating of the graft in recipients that received 2.0 or 4.0 mg kg-1 day-1 of gramicidin i.p. for 6 days was significantly prolonged to 15.4 +/- 4.3 (n = 5) or 18.4 +/- 3.9 (n = 5) days after transplantation, respectively (P < .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
-
promotion of Lymphocyte Blastogenesis by hemodialysate of chronic renal failure
Nephron, 1992Co-Authors: Toshihiko Hirano, Yasuharu Toyoshima, Kitaro Oka, Tohru Tamaki, M KozakiAbstract:Effects of hemodialysate of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on Blastogenesis of human peripheral blood Lymphocytes in the presence of concanavalin A or phytohemagglutinin was investigated. Hemodialysates from 11 CRF patients significantly promoted Lymphocyte Blastogenesis when compared with control dialysis fluids (p less than 0.01). The strongest activity (39% promotion of the Lymphocyte Blastogenesis) was observed with a hemodialysate obtained at 0.5 h after beginning dialysis. The activity decreased thereafter. On the contrary, the Blastogenesis-promoting activity in plasma decreased significantly after hemodialysis (p less than 0.01, n = 11). To further confirm the presence of low-molecular-weight factor(s) in CRF, ultrafiltration of plasma obtained from CRF and healthy subjects was conducted using a membrane filter with a molecular cutoff of 3,000 D. The filtrate of CRF plasma significantly promoted Lymphocyte Blastogenesis when compared to that of healthy subjects (p less than 0.01). Heat treatment (100 degrees C, 40 min) did not abolish the activity of the hemodialysate. None of the drugs taken by the patients nor creatinine accumulated in CRF promoted the Lymphocyte Blastogenesis. Chromatographic analysis of a hemodialysate demonstrated several peaks which were absent in the control dialysis fluid. These results showed the presence of a novel Lymphocyte-stimulating factor(s) in CRF, which is heat stable and has a low molecular weight (less than 3,000 D).
T Tamaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
gramicidin as a potential immunosuppressant for organ transplantation suppression of human Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and prolongation of heart allograft survival in the rat
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 1995Co-Authors: Toshihiko Hirano, T TamakiAbstract:Linear polypeptide antibiotic gramicidin is known to interact with the cell membrane and deregulate cation exchange. Because perturbation of cell membrane function may suppress the immune cell network, the authors investigated the effects of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and allograft survival in vivo. Gramicidin blocked Blastogenesis of human peripheral blood Lymphocytes that responded to mitogens (IC50 = 0.2-10.1 ng/ml) or allogeneic Lymphocytes (IC50 = 4.9 ng/ml). The extent of these suppressive effects was equal to or superior to that of cyclosporine or prednisolone. The antibiotic caused no apparent cytotoxicity at a dose of 10,000 ng/ml. The suppression of Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro by cyclosporine or prednisolone was restored by addition of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 or IL-6. In contrast, none of these cytokines affected the suppressive activity of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis. The immunosuppressive efficacy of gramicidin was further examined in vivo in heterotopically heart-transplanted rats. A heart graft from (Lewis x BN) F1 donor was implanted in the neck of allogeneic Lewis rats. In this model, beating of the graft in control recipients (placebo group) stopped as a result of acute allograft rejection at 5.4 +/- 0.4 days after transplantation (n = 38), whereas beating of the graft in recipients that received 2.0 or 4.0 mg kg-1 day-1 of gramicidin i.p. for 6 days was significantly prolonged to 15.4 +/- 4.3 (n = 5) or 18.4 +/- 3.9 (n = 5) days after transplantation, respectively (P < .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
-
gramicidin as a potential immunosuppressant for organ transplantation suppression of human Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and prolongation of heart allograft survival in the rat
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 1995Co-Authors: Toshihiko Hirano, T TamakiAbstract:Linear polypeptide antibiotic gramicidin is known to interact with the cell membrane and deregulate cation exchange. Because perturbation of cell membrane function may suppress the immune cell network, the authors investigated the effects of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro and allograft survival in vivo. Gramicidin blocked Blastogenesis of human peripheral blood Lymphocytes that responded to mitogens (IC50 = 0.2-10.1 ng/ml) or allogeneic Lymphocytes (IC50 = 4.9 ng/ml). The extent of these suppressive effects was equal to or superior to that of cyclosporine or prednisolone. The antibiotic caused no apparent cytotoxicity at a dose of 10,000 ng/ml. The suppression of Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in vitro by cyclosporine or prednisolone was restored by addition of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 or IL-6. In contrast, none of these cytokines affected the suppressive activity of gramicidin on Lymphocyte Blastogenesis. The immunosuppressive efficacy of gramicidin was further examined in vivo in heterotopically heart-transplanted rats. A heart graft from (Lewis x BN) F1 donor was implanted in the neck of allogeneic Lewis rats. In this model, beating of the graft in control recipients (placebo group) stopped as a result of acute allograft rejection at 5.4 +/- 0.4 days after transplantation (n = 38), whereas beating of the graft in recipients that received 2.0 or 4.0 mg kg-1 day-1 of gramicidin i.p. for 6 days was significantly prolonged to 15.4 +/- 4.3 (n = 5) or 18.4 +/- 3.9 (n = 5) days after transplantation, respectively (P < .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
H.g. Zanecosky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Regulation of mitogen- and TCGF-induced Lymphocyte Blastogenesis by prostaglandins and supernatant from equine embryos and endometrium.
Research in Veterinary Science, 1991Co-Authors: Elaine D. Watson, H.g. ZanecoskyAbstract:Abstract Immunosuppressive substances which interfere with Lymphocyte Blastogenesis are released in vitro by embryos and endometrium from mares in early pregnancy. Immunosuppression was not evident when tissues were cultured in the presence of indomethacin (a prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor). Various prostaglandins ( PGs ) were added to equine Lymphocytes and Lymphocyte proliferation was measured after the addition of concanavalin A (Con A) or phytohaemagglutinin A ( PHA ). PGE 2 and PGF 2α inhibited Con A-induced Blastogenesis down to final concentrations of 1·8 × 10 −9 M and 1·3 × 10 −6 M, respectively. Other PGs tested (6-keto- PGF 1α and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto- PGF 2α ) did not affect Con A-induced Blastogenesis. PHA -induced Blastogenesis was inhibited by concentrations down to 1·8 × 10 −9 M PGE 2 , 3·3 × 10 −7 M PGF 2α and 2·8 × 10 −4 M 6-keto- PGF 1α . At all concentrations, 13,14-dihydro-15-keto- PGF 2α only slightly reduced PHA -induced Blastogenesis. Therefore, PGE 2 was the only prostaglandin tested which, at physiological concentrations, significantly inhibited incorporation of [ 3 H] thymidine. The mechanism of PGE 2 -mediated suppression was studied by adding PGE 2 and T cell growth factors ( TCGF ) to TCGF -responsive Lymphocytes. PGE 2 reduced the TCGF -mediated blastogenic response in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, culture supernatant frpm embryos and endometrium from 14-day pregnant mares inhibited Lymphocyte Blastogenesis induced by TCGF . These results show that PGE 2 interferes with Lymphocyte Blastogenesis by TCGF -dependent mechanisms. It is suggested that the PGE 2 present in the uterus of the early pregnant mare may be one of the factors involved in immunosuppression at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy.
Elaine D. Watson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Regulation of mitogen- and TCGF-induced Lymphocyte Blastogenesis by prostaglandins and supernatant from equine embryos and endometrium.
Research in Veterinary Science, 1991Co-Authors: Elaine D. Watson, H.g. ZanecoskyAbstract:Abstract Immunosuppressive substances which interfere with Lymphocyte Blastogenesis are released in vitro by embryos and endometrium from mares in early pregnancy. Immunosuppression was not evident when tissues were cultured in the presence of indomethacin (a prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor). Various prostaglandins ( PGs ) were added to equine Lymphocytes and Lymphocyte proliferation was measured after the addition of concanavalin A (Con A) or phytohaemagglutinin A ( PHA ). PGE 2 and PGF 2α inhibited Con A-induced Blastogenesis down to final concentrations of 1·8 × 10 −9 M and 1·3 × 10 −6 M, respectively. Other PGs tested (6-keto- PGF 1α and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto- PGF 2α ) did not affect Con A-induced Blastogenesis. PHA -induced Blastogenesis was inhibited by concentrations down to 1·8 × 10 −9 M PGE 2 , 3·3 × 10 −7 M PGF 2α and 2·8 × 10 −4 M 6-keto- PGF 1α . At all concentrations, 13,14-dihydro-15-keto- PGF 2α only slightly reduced PHA -induced Blastogenesis. Therefore, PGE 2 was the only prostaglandin tested which, at physiological concentrations, significantly inhibited incorporation of [ 3 H] thymidine. The mechanism of PGE 2 -mediated suppression was studied by adding PGE 2 and T cell growth factors ( TCGF ) to TCGF -responsive Lymphocytes. PGE 2 reduced the TCGF -mediated blastogenic response in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, culture supernatant frpm embryos and endometrium from 14-day pregnant mares inhibited Lymphocyte Blastogenesis induced by TCGF . These results show that PGE 2 interferes with Lymphocyte Blastogenesis by TCGF -dependent mechanisms. It is suggested that the PGE 2 present in the uterus of the early pregnant mare may be one of the factors involved in immunosuppression at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy.
D H Kelley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
association of class i bovine Lymphocyte antigen complex alleles with in vitro blood neutrophil functions Lymphocyte Blastogenesis serum complement and conglutinin levels in dairy cattle
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 1991Co-Authors: K A Weigel, Marcus E Kehrli, A E Freeman, John R Thurston, Michael J. Stear, D H KelleyAbstract:Abstract Ninety-eight lactating Holstein cows from two genetic lines selected for high and average milk production were used in the study. Five peripheral blood samples were collected over a 60-day period from each cow for evaluation of neutrophil function, Lymphocyte Blastogenesis, leukocyte count, and serum complement and conglutinin levels. Blood samples were typed for antigens encoded by alleles at the bovine major histocompatibility complex (BoLA) A locus. Alleles w14(w8), w20A, and w19(w6) were the most frequent of 14 alleles present in this herd. Association of BoLA type with immune function results was examined by using gene substitution models including and ignoring sire effects. Alleles w15(w8) and w16 were associated with greater circulating mononuclear cell and total leukocyte numbers, while w27(w10), w11, and w20A were associated with lower numbers of these cell types. Alleles EU28D and w20A were positively and negatively associated with granulocyte percentage, respectively. Allele w16 was associated with greater antibody-independent neutrophil cytotoxicity, unstimulated Lymphocyte proliferation, serum conglutinin activity, and with lower antibody-dependent neutrophil cytotoxicity. Allele w19(w6) was associated with decreased conglutinin activity and decreased neutrophil iodination. Increased antibody-dependent neutrophil cytotoxicity was observed for animals bearing allele w14(w8), and decreased neutrophil iodination, serum conglutinin, and nonstimulated Lymphocyte Blastogenesis were observed in individuals carrying w20A or EU28D. Significance of both sire and BoLA complex effects suggests that both major histocompatibility complex genes and background genes of the sire significantly affect immune function. This research suggests BoLA-A locus genes may be major genes or markers for closely linked major genes involved in regulation of nonspecific immune function.
-
bovine sire effects on daughters in vitro blood neutrophil functions Lymphocyte Blastogenesis serum complement and conglutinin levels
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 1991Co-Authors: Marcus E Kehrli, K A Weigel, A E Freeman, John R Thurston, D H KelleyAbstract:Blood neutrophil functions, Lymphocyte blastogenic responses, serum complement, and serum conglutinin activity of 98 lactating Holstein cows from two genetic lines were evaluated. The genetic lines were produced in a selection experiment that created and perpetuated genetic differences in milk production for up to seven generations. No significant differences between the two genetic lines of cows were found for neutrophil function, Lymphocyte blastogenic responses, serum complement levels, or serum conglutinin levels. Significant differences between sire progeny groups within lines were found for unstimulated and mitogen-stimulated Lymphocyte Blastogenesis (P<0.0001), and almost all neutrophil functions (antibody independent neutrophil cytotoxicity, antibody dependent neutrophil cytotoxicity, ingestion of bacteria, iodination, chemiluminescence, chemokinesis, and chemotaxis (P≤0.05)). Sire progeny group differences (P≤0.0001) within lines for serum complement and conglutinin activity were also found. Neutrophil chemiluminescence activity (positive relationship; P≤0.001), concanavalin A-stimulated Lymphocyte Blastogenesis (positivee relationship; P≤0.004), and serum conglutinin activity levels (negative relationship; P≤0.01) each had small but significant associations with the total milk somatic cell count. Cows seropositive for bovine leukosis virus had increased resting and mitogen-stimulated Lymphocyte blastogenic activity and were associated with increased in vitro neutrophil random migration and production of superoxide anion. Estimates of genetic parameters of various immune cell functions, of serum complement and of conglutinin levels for daughters of 11 sires with 4–6 daughters in the data set were determined. In this report, genetic variation was demonstrated for nonspecific humoral and cellular immunity.
