The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Florencia A Trama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the management of typha domingensis typhaceae affects macroinvertebrate assemblages in the palo verde wetland guanacaste costa rica
Ecological Restoration, 2017Co-Authors: Florencia A Trama, Federico Luis Sebastian Rizo Patron Viale, Anjali Kumar, Jennifer L Stynoski, Michael Mccoy B Colton, Monika C SpringerAbstract:The Palo Verde wetland, one of the most important places for aquatic organisms in Costa Rica, is currently recovering from an invasive expansion of Typha domingensis (cattail). A monitoring program was designed to understand the potential impacts of different management plans on aquatic fauna and flora. Macroinvertebrates were sampled monthly for one year (Aug 2003–Aug 2004) using an artificial substrate method in three plots: Plot A, T. domingensis has been managed since 1987 by manual and mechanical underwater cutting and posterior grazing; Plot B, T. domingensis has been mechanically crushed since 2002; and Plot C, a homogeneous T. domingensis stand without active management. We identified 112 macroinvertebrate taxa from 53 families and 18 orders. Typha domingensis removal in plots under active management did not increase family or taxa richness. Instead, a greater number of rare taxa persisted in the unmanaged plot, and macroinvertebrate communities differed among plots with less than 60% of taxa shared among them. Furthermore, mean taxa richness was higher in T. domingensis cover (X = 8.56) than in the other vegetation covers (X = 4.6 to 5.54). Macroinvertebrate richness was affected by vegetation cover, sampling date, and depth while abundance was affected by depth and dissolved oxygen. Typha domingensis management is necessary to open areas that allow the development of other vegetation types, a variety of communities of Macroinvertebrates, and habitat for birds. However, in order to promote a high Macroinvertebrates biodiversity and ensure food sources for waterfowl, the Palo Verde wetland should retain some patches of T. domingensis distributed throughout.
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macroinvertebrate communities as bioindicators of water quality in conventional and organic irrigated rice fields in guanacaste costa rica
Ecological Indicators, 2013Co-Authors: Federico V Rizopatron, Michael Mccoy B Colton, Anjali Kumar, Monika Springer, Florencia A TramaAbstract:Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare how aquatic Macroinvertebrates are affected by certain management practices and agrochemicals in organic and conventional rice cultivations (treatments) in northwestern of Costa Rica. We sampled Macroinvertebrates in both treatments, at the water entrances (irrigation) and exits (drainage) during two cycles (8 months total) of rice field cultivation. We employed a water quality index using Macroinvertebrates (BMWP/CR) as bioindicators in both management treatments. Insect family mean (P = 0.0019) and species mean richness (P = 0.0340) were greater in the organic vs. the conventional treatments as well as at the entrances rather than their exits. Both Macroinvertebrates mean abundance (P = 0.0281) and insects mean abundances (P = 0.0065) were greater at the organic vs. the conventional treatments. The water quality index (BMWP/CR) was greater in the organic treatment at the entrance (124) comparing with the exit (72), and also at the conventional entrance (92) vs. the exit (66), thus showing that the management practices affected the macroinvertebrate community. The organic treatment showed the settlement of a greater number of families and species of Macroinvertebrates both in general and in those considered sensitive to pollution than in the conventional treatment. This sensitive group of Macroinvertebrates (Baetis sp., Fallceon sp., Leptohyphes sp., Tricorythodes sp., Farrodes sp., Phyllogomphoides sp., Hydroptila sp., Mayatrichia sp., Neotrichia sp., Oxyethira sp., Nectopsyche sp.1, Nectopsyche sp.2, Oecetis sp.) can be used as a bioindicators of water quality in these agroecosystems. On the contrary, more Macroinvertebrates resistant to pollution were found in the conventional compared to the organic treatment, showing that aquatic Macroinvertebrates respond to the type of management/products that are applied to the rice field.
Michael G. Kaufman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of an industrial effluent on an urban stream benthic community water quality vs habitat quality
Environmental Pollution, 2003Co-Authors: Ethan J Nedeau, Richard W Merritt, Michael G. KaufmanAbstract:Abstract We studied the effect of an industrial effluent on the water quality, habitat quality, and benthic Macroinvertebrates of an urban stream in southwestern Michigan (USA). The effluent affected water quality by raising in-stream temperatures 13–18 °C during colder months and carrying high amounts of iron (>20×higher than ambient) that covered the streambed. The effluent also affected habitat conditions by increasing total stream discharge by 50–150%, causing a significant change in substrate and flow conditions. We used three methods to collect benthic Macroinvertebrates in depositional and erosional habitats and to understand the relative importance of habitat quality and water quality alterations. Macroinvertebrate response variables included taxonomic richness, abundance, and proportional abundance of sensitive taxonomic groups. Results indicated that the effluent had a positive effect on macroinvertebrate communities by increasing the quantity of riffle habitat, but a negative effect on macroinvertebrate communities by reducing water quality. Results illustrated the need for careful consideration of habitat quality and water quality in restoration or remediation programs.
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the effect of an industrial effluent on an urban stream benthic community water quality vs habitat quality
Environmental Pollution, 2003Co-Authors: Ethan J Nedeau, Richard W Merritt, Michael G. KaufmanAbstract:We studied the effect of an industrial effluent on the water quality, habitat quality, and benthic Macroinvertebrates of an urban stream in southwestern Michigan (USA). The effluent affected water quality by raising in-stream temperatures 13-18 degree C during colder months and carrying high amounts of iron (> 20 x higher than ambient) that covered the streambed. The effluent also affected habitat conditions by increasing total stream discharge by 50-150%, causing a significant change in substrate and flow conditions. We used three methods to collect benthic Macroinvertebrates in depositional and erosional habitats and to understand the relative importance of habitat quality and water quality alterations. Macroinvertebrate response variables included taxonomic richness, abundance, and proportional abundance of sensitive taxonomic groups. Results indicated that the effluent had a positive effect on macroinvertebrate communities by increasing the quantity of riffle habitat, but a negative effect on macroinvertebrate communities by reducing water quality. Results illustrated the need for careful consideration of habitat quality and water quality in restoration or remediation programs.
Kyle Wickings - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soil Macroinvertebrates alter the fate of root and rhizosphere carbon and nitrogen in a turfgrass lawn
Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Natalie Bray, Grant L Thompson, Timothy J Fahey, Jenny Kaokniffin, Kyle WickingsAbstract:Abstract Soil invertebrates, especially larger Macroinvertebrates, move soil, fragment organic matter and change resource accessibility for soil microorganisms. Macroinvertebrates also affect the formation and turnover of aggregates, which are important controls of soil organic matter dynamics because they physically protect organic matter from degradation and influence many belowground processes ranging from microbial activity to nutrient sorption and water flow. We still lack a complete understanding of how different soil invertebrate functional groups affect the incorporation of root derived carbon and nitrogen into belowground pools. We assessed the effects of Macroinvertebrates on soil aggregate abundance and composition and quantified the fate of organic matter derived from roots using a two-year macroinvertebrate exclusion-based field mesocosm study coupled with stable isotope labeling in a turfgrass lawn ecosystem. We hypothesized that Macroinvertebrates change soil aggregates dynamics by increasing macroaggregates and decreasing microaggregates and enhancing the incorporation of root-derived organic matter into macroaggregates. We found that within the turfgrass root zone, Macroinvertebrates increased the proportion of macroaggregates and decreased free microaggregates. In addition, Macroinvertebrates increased carbon and nitrogen incorporation into macroaggregates, microaggregates and coarse particulate organic matter, detected via isotopic enrichment of those soil fractions. We found that Macroinvertebrates affect the fate of recently fixed root- and rhizodeposit-derived organic matter in a turfgrass lawn ecosystem, and particularly its incorporation into soil aggregates, similar to findings in forest and agricultural systems.
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Soil Macroinvertebrate Presence Alters Microbial Community Composition and Activity in the Rhizosphere
Frontiers Media S.A., 2019Co-Authors: Natalie Bray, Jenny Kao-kniffin, Serita D. Frey, Timothy Fahey, Kyle WickingsAbstract:Despite decades of research, our understanding of the importance of invertebrates for soil biogeochemical processes remains incomplete. This is especially true when considering soil invertebrate effects mediated through their interactions with soil microbes. The aim of this study was to elucidate how soil Macroinvertebrates affect soil microbial community composition and function within the root zone of a managed grass system. We conducted a 2-year field mesocosm study in which soil macroinvertebrate communities were manipulated through size-based exclusion and tracked changes in microbial community composition, diversity, biomass and activity to quantify macroinvertebrate-driven effects on microbial communities and their functions within the rhizosphere. The presence of soil Macroinvertebrates created distinct microbial communities and altered both microbial biomass and function. Soil Macroinvertebrates increased bacterial diversity and fungal biomass, as well as increased phenol oxidase and glucosidase activities, which are important in the degradation of organic matter. Macroinvertebrates also caused distinct shifts in the relative abundance of different bacterial phyla. Our findings indicate that within the rhizosphere, Macroinvertebrates have a stimulatory effect on microbial communities and processes, possibly due to low-intensity microbial grazing or through the dispersal of microbial cells and spores by mobile invertebrates. Our results suggest that macroinvertebrate activity can be an important control on microbially-mediated processes in the rhizosphere such as nitrogen mineralization and soil organic matter formation
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Table_1_Soil Macroinvertebrate Presence Alters Microbial Community Composition and Activity in the Rhizosphere.docx
2019Co-Authors: Natalie Bray, Jenny Kao-kniffin, Serita D. Frey, Timothy Fahey, Kyle WickingsAbstract:Despite decades of research, our understanding of the importance of invertebrates for soil biogeochemical processes remains incomplete. This is especially true when considering soil invertebrate effects mediated through their interactions with soil microbes. The aim of this study was to elucidate how soil Macroinvertebrates affect soil microbial community composition and function within the root zone of a managed grass system. We conducted a 2-year field mesocosm study in which soil macroinvertebrate communities were manipulated through size-based exclusion and tracked changes in microbial community composition, diversity, biomass and activity to quantify macroinvertebrate-driven effects on microbial communities and their functions within the rhizosphere. The presence of soil Macroinvertebrates created distinct microbial communities and altered both microbial biomass and function. Soil Macroinvertebrates increased bacterial diversity and fungal biomass, as well as increased phenol oxidase and glucosidase activities, which are important in the degradation of organic matter. Macroinvertebrates also caused distinct shifts in the relative abundance of different bacterial phyla. Our findings indicate that within the rhizosphere, Macroinvertebrates have a stimulatory effect on microbial communities and processes, possibly due to low-intensity microbial grazing or through the dispersal of microbial cells and spores by mobile invertebrates. Our results suggest that macroinvertebrate activity can be an important control on microbially-mediated processes in the rhizosphere such as nitrogen mineralization and soil organic matter formation.
Anjali Kumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the management of typha domingensis typhaceae affects macroinvertebrate assemblages in the palo verde wetland guanacaste costa rica
Ecological Restoration, 2017Co-Authors: Florencia A Trama, Federico Luis Sebastian Rizo Patron Viale, Anjali Kumar, Jennifer L Stynoski, Michael Mccoy B Colton, Monika C SpringerAbstract:The Palo Verde wetland, one of the most important places for aquatic organisms in Costa Rica, is currently recovering from an invasive expansion of Typha domingensis (cattail). A monitoring program was designed to understand the potential impacts of different management plans on aquatic fauna and flora. Macroinvertebrates were sampled monthly for one year (Aug 2003–Aug 2004) using an artificial substrate method in three plots: Plot A, T. domingensis has been managed since 1987 by manual and mechanical underwater cutting and posterior grazing; Plot B, T. domingensis has been mechanically crushed since 2002; and Plot C, a homogeneous T. domingensis stand without active management. We identified 112 macroinvertebrate taxa from 53 families and 18 orders. Typha domingensis removal in plots under active management did not increase family or taxa richness. Instead, a greater number of rare taxa persisted in the unmanaged plot, and macroinvertebrate communities differed among plots with less than 60% of taxa shared among them. Furthermore, mean taxa richness was higher in T. domingensis cover (X = 8.56) than in the other vegetation covers (X = 4.6 to 5.54). Macroinvertebrate richness was affected by vegetation cover, sampling date, and depth while abundance was affected by depth and dissolved oxygen. Typha domingensis management is necessary to open areas that allow the development of other vegetation types, a variety of communities of Macroinvertebrates, and habitat for birds. However, in order to promote a high Macroinvertebrates biodiversity and ensure food sources for waterfowl, the Palo Verde wetland should retain some patches of T. domingensis distributed throughout.
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macroinvertebrate communities as bioindicators of water quality in conventional and organic irrigated rice fields in guanacaste costa rica
Ecological Indicators, 2013Co-Authors: Federico V Rizopatron, Michael Mccoy B Colton, Anjali Kumar, Monika Springer, Florencia A TramaAbstract:Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare how aquatic Macroinvertebrates are affected by certain management practices and agrochemicals in organic and conventional rice cultivations (treatments) in northwestern of Costa Rica. We sampled Macroinvertebrates in both treatments, at the water entrances (irrigation) and exits (drainage) during two cycles (8 months total) of rice field cultivation. We employed a water quality index using Macroinvertebrates (BMWP/CR) as bioindicators in both management treatments. Insect family mean (P = 0.0019) and species mean richness (P = 0.0340) were greater in the organic vs. the conventional treatments as well as at the entrances rather than their exits. Both Macroinvertebrates mean abundance (P = 0.0281) and insects mean abundances (P = 0.0065) were greater at the organic vs. the conventional treatments. The water quality index (BMWP/CR) was greater in the organic treatment at the entrance (124) comparing with the exit (72), and also at the conventional entrance (92) vs. the exit (66), thus showing that the management practices affected the macroinvertebrate community. The organic treatment showed the settlement of a greater number of families and species of Macroinvertebrates both in general and in those considered sensitive to pollution than in the conventional treatment. This sensitive group of Macroinvertebrates (Baetis sp., Fallceon sp., Leptohyphes sp., Tricorythodes sp., Farrodes sp., Phyllogomphoides sp., Hydroptila sp., Mayatrichia sp., Neotrichia sp., Oxyethira sp., Nectopsyche sp.1, Nectopsyche sp.2, Oecetis sp.) can be used as a bioindicators of water quality in these agroecosystems. On the contrary, more Macroinvertebrates resistant to pollution were found in the conventional compared to the organic treatment, showing that aquatic Macroinvertebrates respond to the type of management/products that are applied to the rice field.
Michael Mccoy B Colton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the management of typha domingensis typhaceae affects macroinvertebrate assemblages in the palo verde wetland guanacaste costa rica
Ecological Restoration, 2017Co-Authors: Florencia A Trama, Federico Luis Sebastian Rizo Patron Viale, Anjali Kumar, Jennifer L Stynoski, Michael Mccoy B Colton, Monika C SpringerAbstract:The Palo Verde wetland, one of the most important places for aquatic organisms in Costa Rica, is currently recovering from an invasive expansion of Typha domingensis (cattail). A monitoring program was designed to understand the potential impacts of different management plans on aquatic fauna and flora. Macroinvertebrates were sampled monthly for one year (Aug 2003–Aug 2004) using an artificial substrate method in three plots: Plot A, T. domingensis has been managed since 1987 by manual and mechanical underwater cutting and posterior grazing; Plot B, T. domingensis has been mechanically crushed since 2002; and Plot C, a homogeneous T. domingensis stand without active management. We identified 112 macroinvertebrate taxa from 53 families and 18 orders. Typha domingensis removal in plots under active management did not increase family or taxa richness. Instead, a greater number of rare taxa persisted in the unmanaged plot, and macroinvertebrate communities differed among plots with less than 60% of taxa shared among them. Furthermore, mean taxa richness was higher in T. domingensis cover (X = 8.56) than in the other vegetation covers (X = 4.6 to 5.54). Macroinvertebrate richness was affected by vegetation cover, sampling date, and depth while abundance was affected by depth and dissolved oxygen. Typha domingensis management is necessary to open areas that allow the development of other vegetation types, a variety of communities of Macroinvertebrates, and habitat for birds. However, in order to promote a high Macroinvertebrates biodiversity and ensure food sources for waterfowl, the Palo Verde wetland should retain some patches of T. domingensis distributed throughout.
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macroinvertebrate communities as bioindicators of water quality in conventional and organic irrigated rice fields in guanacaste costa rica
Ecological Indicators, 2013Co-Authors: Federico V Rizopatron, Michael Mccoy B Colton, Anjali Kumar, Monika Springer, Florencia A TramaAbstract:Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare how aquatic Macroinvertebrates are affected by certain management practices and agrochemicals in organic and conventional rice cultivations (treatments) in northwestern of Costa Rica. We sampled Macroinvertebrates in both treatments, at the water entrances (irrigation) and exits (drainage) during two cycles (8 months total) of rice field cultivation. We employed a water quality index using Macroinvertebrates (BMWP/CR) as bioindicators in both management treatments. Insect family mean (P = 0.0019) and species mean richness (P = 0.0340) were greater in the organic vs. the conventional treatments as well as at the entrances rather than their exits. Both Macroinvertebrates mean abundance (P = 0.0281) and insects mean abundances (P = 0.0065) were greater at the organic vs. the conventional treatments. The water quality index (BMWP/CR) was greater in the organic treatment at the entrance (124) comparing with the exit (72), and also at the conventional entrance (92) vs. the exit (66), thus showing that the management practices affected the macroinvertebrate community. The organic treatment showed the settlement of a greater number of families and species of Macroinvertebrates both in general and in those considered sensitive to pollution than in the conventional treatment. This sensitive group of Macroinvertebrates (Baetis sp., Fallceon sp., Leptohyphes sp., Tricorythodes sp., Farrodes sp., Phyllogomphoides sp., Hydroptila sp., Mayatrichia sp., Neotrichia sp., Oxyethira sp., Nectopsyche sp.1, Nectopsyche sp.2, Oecetis sp.) can be used as a bioindicators of water quality in these agroecosystems. On the contrary, more Macroinvertebrates resistant to pollution were found in the conventional compared to the organic treatment, showing that aquatic Macroinvertebrates respond to the type of management/products that are applied to the rice field.
