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Rob Harding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Taro vein chlorosis Virus: characterization and variability of a new nucleorhabdoVirus.
The Journal of general virology, 2005Co-Authors: Peter Revill, Xuan Trinh, James Dale, Rob HardingAbstract:Sequencing of the monopartite RNA genome of a Fijian isolate of Taro vein chlorosis Virus (TaVCV) confirmed that it is a definitive rhabdoVirus with most similarity to members of the genus NucleorhabdoVirus. The TaVCV 12 020 nt negative-sense RNA genome contained six ORFs in the antigenomic sequence, equivalent to the N, P, 3, M, G and L genes that have been identified in other rhabdoViruses. The putative gene products had highest similarity to those of the nucleorhabdoVirus Maize Mosaic Virus. A characteristic 3'-AAUUCUUUUUGGGUUGU/A-5' sequence was identified in each of the intergenic regions and the TaVCV leader and trailer sequences comprised 140 and 61 nt, respectively. Assignment of TaVCV to the genus NucleorhabdoVirus was supported by thin-section electron microscopy of TaVCV-infected taro leaves, which identified virions budding from nuclear membranes into the perinuclear space. Variability studies identified high levels of TaVCV sequence diversity. Within the L gene of 20 TaVCV isolates from Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, maximum variability at the nucleotide level was 27.4 %. Within the N gene, maximum variability among 15 isolates at the nucleotide level was 19.3 %. The high level of TaVCV variability observed suggested that the introduction of TaVCV to the Pacific Islands was not a recent occurrence.
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Correspondence
2004Co-Authors: Peter Revill, Xuan Trinh, James Dale, Rob HardingAbstract:Sequencing of the monopartite RNA genome of a Fijian isolate of Taro vein chlorosis Virus (TaVCV) confirmed that it is a definitive rhabdoVirus with most similarity to members of the genus NucleorhabdoVirus. The TaVCV 12020 nt negative-sense RNA genome contained six ORFs in the antigenomic sequence, equivalent to the N, P, 3, M, G and L genes that have been identified in other rhabdoViruses. The putative gene products had highest similarity to those of the nucleorhabdoVirus Maize Mosaic Virus. A characteristic 39-AAUUCUUUUUGGGUUGU/A-59 sequence was identified in each of the intergenic regions and the TaVCV leader and trailer sequences comprised 140 and 61 nt, respectively. Assignment of TaVCV to the genus NucleorhabdoVirus was supported by thin-section electron microscopy of TaVCV-infected taro leaves, which identified virions budding from nuclear membranes into the perinuclear space. Variability studies identified high levels of TaVCV sequence diversity. Within the L gene of 2
Anna E. Whitfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Combining multiplex PCR and high-resolution melting for the detection and discrimination of arthropod transmitted Viruses of cereals.
Journal of virological methods, 2020Co-Authors: Patrick Rydzak, Anna E. Whitfield, Francisco M. Ochoa Corona, Astri WayadandeAbstract:The Great Plains of the United States is a region comprised of approximately 45 million hectares of grasslands where several economically important cereal crops are grown. Arthropod-transmitted, cereal-infecting Viruses vary in incidence from year-to-year and are often difficult to detect in large acreages. To facilitate the detection of economically important Viruses of cereals that often exist in co-infections, a multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) platform assay was developed. This method can be used in combination with high resolution melting (HRM) to detect and allow for discrimination between three arthropod-transmitted plant Viruses; Wheat streak Mosaic Virus (WSMV), Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) and Barley yellow dwarf Virus (BYDV). Multiplex PCR in combination with HRM allowed for successful detection of WSMV, MMV, and BYDV, as well as discrimination between three BYDV species, BYDV-PAS, BYDV-PAV and BYDV-MAV. All primer pairs amplified products of the predicted size. The BYDV-RT-PCR primers amplified products of identical length for all three species of BYDV. HRM was then used to discriminate between these products by determining significant differences between the melting rates for each (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates the flexibility of combining multiplex PCR with HRM to increase the specificity of plant Virus diagnostics based on the needs of the diagnostician performing the assay.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Maize Mosaic NucleorhabdoVirus
Microbiology Resource Announcements, 2019Co-Authors: Kathleen M. Martin, Anna E. WhitfieldAbstract:ABSTRACT The complete genome sequence of Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) was obtained using next-generation sequencing from infected Peregrinus maidis and rapid amplification of cDNA ends from infected Zea mays. The genome of MMV is 12,170 bases, and this project completed the 5′ and 3′ ends and amended the polymerase sequence.
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Delivery of Maize Mosaic Virus to planthopper vectors by microinjection increases infection efficiency and facilitates functional genomics experiments in the vector.
Journal of virological methods, 2019Co-Authors: Jianxiu Yao, Dorith Rotenberg, Anna E. WhitfieldAbstract:The corn planthopper, Peregrinus maidis, not only causes direct damage to plants by feeding, but also transmits Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) to the plant hosts. The Virus is transmitted in a propagative manner but the acquisition of MMV by the vector feeding on infected plants can result in low acquisition and inoculation efficiency. Here, we increased the acquisition efficiency by delivering the Virus directly into the hemocoel through microinjection, which resulted in efficient Virus infection of the insect and transmission to Maize. We found that delivery of Virus by injection of 10 ng MMV (50 nl, 200 μg/ml virions) into P. maidis resulted in 93% transmission efficiency. In dose-response experiments, MMV abundance in insects and transmission efficiency decreased as the amount of Virus inoculum delivered into the hemocoel was reduced. Examination of Virus distribution in the vector using immunolabeling and confocal microscopy revealed similar tissue distributions in the injected insects when compared to those of previous studies using feeding on plants for Virus acquisition. The utility of Virus inoculation by microinjection for functional analysis in Virus-vector interaction was explored. Co-microinjection of MMV virions and the dsRNA of PI3Kδ (a transcript that is less abundant in MMV-infected insects), resulted in a reduction in PI3Kδ expression and higher Virus titers in P. maidis. These findings demonstrated that Virus microinjection is a robust method for obtaining large numbers of infected planthoppers that are competent in transmitting MMV and, in combination with RNAi, could significantly facilitate the functional analysis of P. maidis-MMV interactions.
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Cellular localization and interactions of nucleorhabdoVirus proteins are conserved between insect and plant cells.
Virology, 2018Co-Authors: Kathleen M. Martin, Anna E. WhitfieldAbstract:Abstract Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV), similar to other nucleorhabdoViruses, replicates in divergent hosts: plants and insects. To compare MMV protein localization and interactions, we visualized autofluorescent protein fusions in both cell types. Nucleoprotein (N) and glycoprotein (G) localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm, phosphoprotein (P) was only found in the nucleus, and 3 (movement) and matrix (M) were present in the cytoplasm. This localization pattern is consistent with the model of nucleorhabdoviral replication of N, P, L and viral RNA forming a complex in the nucleus and the subvirion associating with M and then G during budding into perinuclear space. The comparable localization patterns in both organisms indicates a similar replication cycle. Changes in localization when proteins were co-expressed suggested viral proteins interact thus altering organelle targeting. We documented a limited number of direct protein interactions indicating host factors play a role in the Virus protein interactions during the infection cycle.
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transcriptomic response of the insect vector peregrinus maidis to Maize Mosaic rhabdoVirus and identification of conserved responses to propagative Viruses in hopper vectors
Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Kathleen M. Martin, Dorith Rotenberg, Karen Barandocalviar, Derek J Schneweis, Catherine L Stewart, Anna E. WhitfieldAbstract:Abstract Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) is a plant-pathogenic rhabdoVirus that is transmitted by the corn planthopper, Peregrinus maidis , in a propagative manner. P. maidis supports long-term MMV infections with no negative effects on insect performance. To elucidate whole-body transcriptome responses to Virus infection, RNA-Seq was used to examine differential gene expression of Virus-infected adult insects, and libraries were prepared from replicated groups of Virus-exposed insects and non-exposed insects. From the 68,003 de novo -assembled transcripts, 144 were differentially-expressed (DE) during viral infection with comparable numbers up- and down-regulated. DE transcripts with similarity to genes associated with transposable elements (i.e., RNA-directed DNA polymerases) were enriched and may represent a mechanisim for modulating Virus infection. Comparison of the P. maidis DE transcripts to published propagative Virus-responsive transcript databases for two other hopper vectors revealed that 16% of the DE transcripts were shared across the three systems and may represent conserved responses to propagative Viruses.
Peter Revill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Taro vein chlorosis Virus: characterization and variability of a new nucleorhabdoVirus.
The Journal of general virology, 2005Co-Authors: Peter Revill, Xuan Trinh, James Dale, Rob HardingAbstract:Sequencing of the monopartite RNA genome of a Fijian isolate of Taro vein chlorosis Virus (TaVCV) confirmed that it is a definitive rhabdoVirus with most similarity to members of the genus NucleorhabdoVirus. The TaVCV 12 020 nt negative-sense RNA genome contained six ORFs in the antigenomic sequence, equivalent to the N, P, 3, M, G and L genes that have been identified in other rhabdoViruses. The putative gene products had highest similarity to those of the nucleorhabdoVirus Maize Mosaic Virus. A characteristic 3'-AAUUCUUUUUGGGUUGU/A-5' sequence was identified in each of the intergenic regions and the TaVCV leader and trailer sequences comprised 140 and 61 nt, respectively. Assignment of TaVCV to the genus NucleorhabdoVirus was supported by thin-section electron microscopy of TaVCV-infected taro leaves, which identified virions budding from nuclear membranes into the perinuclear space. Variability studies identified high levels of TaVCV sequence diversity. Within the L gene of 20 TaVCV isolates from Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, maximum variability at the nucleotide level was 27.4 %. Within the N gene, maximum variability among 15 isolates at the nucleotide level was 19.3 %. The high level of TaVCV variability observed suggested that the introduction of TaVCV to the Pacific Islands was not a recent occurrence.
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Correspondence
2004Co-Authors: Peter Revill, Xuan Trinh, James Dale, Rob HardingAbstract:Sequencing of the monopartite RNA genome of a Fijian isolate of Taro vein chlorosis Virus (TaVCV) confirmed that it is a definitive rhabdoVirus with most similarity to members of the genus NucleorhabdoVirus. The TaVCV 12020 nt negative-sense RNA genome contained six ORFs in the antigenomic sequence, equivalent to the N, P, 3, M, G and L genes that have been identified in other rhabdoViruses. The putative gene products had highest similarity to those of the nucleorhabdoVirus Maize Mosaic Virus. A characteristic 39-AAUUCUUUUUGGGUUGU/A-59 sequence was identified in each of the intergenic regions and the TaVCV leader and trailer sequences comprised 140 and 61 nt, respectively. Assignment of TaVCV to the genus NucleorhabdoVirus was supported by thin-section electron microscopy of TaVCV-infected taro leaves, which identified virions budding from nuclear membranes into the perinuclear space. Variability studies identified high levels of TaVCV sequence diversity. Within the L gene of 2
Saskia A. Hogenhout - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Subcellular Localization and Nuclear Import of Maize Fine Streak Virus and Maize Mosaic Virus Proteins
2015Co-Authors: Chi-wei Tsai, Valdir R. Correa, Margaret G. Redinbaugh, Michael M. Goodin, Saskia A. HogenhoutAbstract:Maize fine streak Virus (MFSV) and Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) are members of the genus NucleorhabdoVirus in the family Rhabdoviridae. Plant rhabdoViruses are divided into two genera, NucleorhabdoVirus and CytorhabdoVirus. NucleorhabdoViruses assemble at inner nuclear envelopes, whereas cytorhabdoViruses assemble at cytoplasmic membranes. The MFSV genome encodes seven proteins in the gene order 3’-N-P-3-4-M-G-L-5’, and the MMV genome encodes six proteins in the order 3’-N-P-3-M-G-L-5 ’ (Fig. 1). NucleorhabdoViruses assemble in the nuclei of their plant and insect hosts, and therefore nuclear import of viral proteins is critical to complete morphogenesis. Nuclear import of nuclear localization signal (NLS)-containing proteins is mediated by Importin a and b. Importin a binds NLS-containing protein, and this heterodimer subsequently binds Importin b. The tripartite complex then docks to the nuclear pore followed by translocation into the nucleus. We show that the MFSV N and P complex colocalizes to the nucleolus and is dependent on Importin a for nuclear import. This is the first demonstration that Importin a is involved in nuclear import of rhabdoviral proteins in plant cells
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A neurotropic route for Maize Mosaic Virus (Rhabdoviridae) in its planthopper vector Peregrinus maidis.
Virus research, 2007Co-Authors: El-desouky Ammar, Saskia A. HogenhoutAbstract:To investigate the dissemination route of Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV, Rhabdoviridae) in its planthopper vector Peregrinus maidis (Delphacidae, Hemiptera), temporal and spatial distribution of MMV was studied by immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy following 1-week acquisition feeding of planthoppers on infected plants. MMV was detected 1-week post first access to diseased plants (padp) in the midgut and anterior diverticulum, 2-week padp in the esophagus, nerves, nerve ganglia and visceral muscles, and 3-week padp in hemocytes, tracheae, salivary glands and other tissues. MMV is neurotropic in P. maidis; infection was more extensive in the nervous system compared to other tissues. A significantly higher proportion of planthoppers had infected midguts (28.1%) compared to those with infected salivary glands (20.4%) or to those that transmitted MMV (15.7%), suggesting the occurrence of midgut and salivary gland barriers to MMV transmission in P. maidis. In this planthopper, the esophagus and anterior diverticulum are located between the compound ganglionic mass and the salivary glands. We postulate that MMV may overcome transmission barriers in P. maidis by proceeding from the midgut to the anterior diverticulum and esophagus, and from these to the salivary glands via the nervous system: a neurotropic route similar to that of some vertebrate-infecting rhabdoViruses.
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Characterization of Maize Iranian Mosaic Virus and comparison with Hawaiian and other isolates of Maize Mosaic Virus (Rhabdoviridae).
Journal of Phytopathology, 2005Co-Authors: El-desouky Ammar, R. G. Gomez‐luengo, D. T. Gordon, Saskia A. HogenhoutAbstract:Maize Iranian Mosaic Virus (MIMV) was characterized and compared with isolates of Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV, genus NucleorhabdoVirus, family Rhabdoviridae) in insect transmission, cytopathology and ultrastructure of infected Maize cells, virion proteins and serologically. MIMV is naturally transmitted by Ribautodelphax notabilis, a delphacid planthopper, in Iran. In this study, another planthopper, Peregrinus maidis, vector of MMV, transmitted MIMV with an estimated efficiency of 0.4–1.6% following feeding on MIMVinfected Maize plants and 64% following injection of MIMV into the hemolymph, suggesting that P. maidis gut tissues largely blocked MIMV transmission. MIMV and MMV-HI (Hawaii) induced similar cytopathologies in cells of infected Maize leaves, with virions budding through inner nuclear and endoplasmic reticulum membranes. In thin sections, virions of MIMV were significantly shorter than those of MMV-HI. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of virions of MIMV, MMV-HI, MMV-CR (Costa Rica) and MMV-FL (Florida) yielded six proteins of which four were identified as the putative G, N, P and M proteins of plant rhabdoViruses. The N, P and M proteins of MIMV migrated faster in gels than those of the MMV isolates indicating a lower molecular weight, whereas the bands corresponding to the G proteins migrated similarly for both Viruses. Polyclonal antibodies to MMV-HI failed to react with virions of MIMV in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and with MIMV proteins in Western blots. In contrast, these antibodies reacted strongly with MMV-HI and MMV-FL virions in ELISA and with MMV-HI, MMV-CR and MMV-FL proteins in Western blots. Further, in ELISA, polyclonal antibodies to MMV-MR (Mauritius) reacted weakly with MIMV virions but strongly with MMV-HI and MMV-FL virions. Thus, it is concluded that MIMV is a new Virus of the NucleorhabdoVirus genus that may be distantly related to MMV.
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Shotgun sequencing of the negative-sense RNA genome of the rhabdoVirus Maize Mosaic Virus.
Journal of Virological Methods, 2005Co-Authors: Sharon E. Reed, Chi-wei Tsai, Margaret G. Redinbaugh, Kristen J. Willie, Saskia A. HogenhoutAbstract:The Maize-infecting nucleorhabdoVirus, Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV), was sequenced to near completion using the random shotgun approach. Sequences of 102 clones from a cDNA library constructed from randomly-primed viral RNA were compiled into a 12,133 nucleotide (nt) contig containing six open reading frames. The contig consisted of 97 sequences averaging 660 bp in length. The average sequence coverage was six-fold, and 93% of the contig had sequence reads covering both strands. The remaining sequence was derived from single (5%) or multiple (2%) reads on the same strand. Three of the six ORFs showed significant similarities to the deduced protein sequences of the nucleocapsid, glycoprotein and polymerase sequences of other rhabdoViruses. The predicted gene order of the MMV genome was 3 � -N-P-3-M-G-L-5 � . Shotgun sequencing of the MMV genome took approximately 127 h and cost $ 0.38 per nt (including labor), whereas the primer walking approach for sequencing the 13,782-nt MFSV genome [Tsai, C.-W., Redinbaugh, M.G., Willie, K.J., Reed, S., Goodin, M., Hogenhout, S. A., 2005. Complete genome gequence and in planta subcellular localization of Maize fine streak Virus proteins. J. Virol. 79, 5304–5314] took about 217 h and cost $ 0.50 per nt. Thus, the shotgun approach gave good depth of coverage for the viral genome sequence while being significantly faster and less expensive than the primer walking method. This technique will facilitate the sequencing of multiple rhabdoVirus genomes.
Bernard Reynaud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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QTL mapping of a partial resistance to the corn delphacid-transmitted Viruses in Lepidopteran-resistant Maize line Mp705
Plant Breeding, 2013Co-Authors: Jacques Dintinger, Sylvia Salgon, Bernard ReynaudAbstract:A partial resistance to Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) and Maize stripe Virus (MStV) was mapped in a RILs population derived from a cross between lines MP705 (resistant) and B73 (susceptible). A genetic map constructed from 131 SSR markers spanned 1399 cM with an average distance of 9.6 cM. A total of 10 QTL were detected for resistance to MMV and MStV, using composite interval mapping. A major QTL explaining 34–41% of the phenotypic variance for early resistance to MMV was detected on chromosome 1. Another major QTL explaining up to 30% of the phenotypic variation for all traits of resistance to MStV was detected in the centromeric region of chromosome 3 (3.05 bin). After adding supplementary SSR markers, this region was found to correspond well to the one where a QTL of resistance to MStV already was located in a previous mapping study using an F2 population derived from a cross between Rev81 and B73. These results suggested that these QTL of resistance to MStV detected on chromosome 3 could be allelic in Maize genome.
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Effects of temperature increase on the epidemiology of three major vector-borne Viruses
European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2009Co-Authors: Bernard Reynaud, Helene Delatte, Michel Peterschmitt, Denis FargetteAbstract:The epidemiologies of Maize streak Virus (MSV), Maize stripe Virus (MSpV), and Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) were compared in La Réunion over a three year-period. Disease incidence caused by each Virus was assessed, and the leaf and planthopper vector populations ( Cicadulina mbila and Peregrinus maidis) were estimated in weekly sowings of the temperate, Virus-susceptible Maize hybrid INRA 508 and of the composite resistant cv. IRAT 297. MSV caused the most prevalent disease and MMV the least, with lower incidences in cv. IRAT 297 than in INRA 508. For each plant–Virus–vector combination, (a) disease incidence was positively correlated to vector abundance, often with 1 month of time lag; (b) annual periodicity of disease incidence and of vector numbers was consistent with highest autocorrelations and a time lag of 12 months, (c) vector numbers and disease incidence were closely associated with temperature fluctuations, both remaining relatively constant below 24°C and increasing rapidly above this threshold temperature. By contrast, relationships with rainfall and relative humidity (RH) were less consistent. Overall, 63 to 80% of the variance of disease incidence was explained through stepwise regression with vector number, temperature, and sometimes also rainfall or RH. The simple epidemiological model proposed underlines the close link between increased temperature and possible (re-) emergence of these three diseases in a Maize cropping area.
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Effects of temperature increase on the epidemiology of three major vector-borne Viruses
European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2008Co-Authors: Bernard Reynaud, Helene Delatte, Michel Peterschmitt, Denis FargetteAbstract:The epidemiologies of Maize streak Virus (MSV), Maize stripe Virus (MSpV), and Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV) were compared in La Reunion over a three year-period. Disease incidence caused by each Virus was assessed, and the leaf and planthopper vector populations (Cicadulina mbila and Peregrinus maidis) were estimated in weekly sowings of the temperate, Virus-susceptible Maize hybrid INRA 508 and of the composite resistant cv. IRAT 297. MSV caused the most prevalent disease and MMV the least, with lower incidences in cv. IRAT 297 than in INRA 508. For each plant–Virus–vector combination, (a) disease incidence was positively correlated to vector abundance, often with 1 month of time lag; (b) annual periodicity of disease incidence and of vector numbers was consistent with highest autocorrelations and a time lag of 12 months, (c) vector numbers and disease incidence were closely associated with temperature fluctuations, both remaining relatively constant below 24°C and increasing rapidly above this threshold temperature. By contrast, relationships with rainfall and relative humidity (RH) were less consistent. Overall, 63 to 80% of the variance of disease incidence was explained through stepwise regression with vector number, temperature, and sometimes also rainfall or RH. The simple epidemiological model proposed underlines the close link between increased temperature and possible (re-) emergence of these three diseases in a Maize cropping area.
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evaluation of Maize inbreds for Maize stripe Virus and Maize Mosaic Virus resistance disease progress in relation to time and the cumulative number of planthoppers
Phytopathology, 2005Co-Authors: Jacques Dintinger, Frédéric Chiroleu, Nathalie Boissot, Perla Hamon, Bernard ReynaudAbstract:Dintinger, J., Boissot, N., Chiroleu, F., Hamon, P., and Reynaud, B. 2005. Evaluation of Maize inbreds for Maize stripe Virus and Maize Mosaic Virus resistance: Disease progress in relation to time and the cumulative number of planthoppers. Phytopathology 95:600-607. Five tropical Maize lines were tested and compared with the susceptible control line B73 for resistance to Maize stripe Virus (MStV) and Maize Mosaic Virus (MMV), both propagatively transmitted by the planthopper Peregrinus maidis (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Resistance to each Virus was evaluated separately by artificial inoculations with planthoppers viruliferous for either one Virus or the other. Disease incidence and symptom severity progression were quantified in relation to time and the cumulative number of planthoppers. Line Hi40 was found to be susceptible to MStV and highly resistant to MMV. Generally, no MMV symptoms developed on Hi40, even under intense inoculation pressure by a large number of viruliferous planthoppers. Line Rev81 showed a partial but strong resistance to MStV, which mainly reduced disease incidence. Nevertheless, this resistance to MStV was the highest ever reported and held up, even when challenged by large numbers of planthoppers. The percentage of infected plants in line Rev81 never exceeded 30 to 40% in our experiments. Moderate levels of resistance to MStV, and to a lesser extent MMV, were found in lines 37-2, A211, and Mp705. However, resistance in these lines was completely overcome using a large number of insects transmitting either of the two Viruses. These results suggest that different types of resistance to MMV and MStV are available in Maize lines from Caribbean and Mascarene germ plasm. The expression of Virus-specific resistance identified in Hi40 and Rev81 lines was not affected by intense inoculation pressure. In contrast, the moderate resistance in 37-2, A211, and Mp705 was partially effective against both Viruses but not at high inoculation pressure. These different types of resistance, when present in the same genotype, could provide protection against both Viruses.
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Feeding behaviour of the planthopper Peregrinus maidis on Maize analysed by digital signal processing of EPG and MET structure of stylet pathway
2004Co-Authors: Bernard Reynaud, Daniel Gargani, Julien Lecoq, Patrick Turpin, Martial Grondin, Michel PeterschmittAbstract:Peregrinus maidis (AsmeadXHemiptera. Delphacidae) is the only known vector of Maize Mosaic Virus and Matze stripe Virus, two circulative and propagative Viruses. The feeding behaviour of P. maidis was investigated with electrical penetration graph technique (DC-EPG). Five different waveforms were characterised. Based on the correlation between waveforms and the fine structure of stylet pathways observed by transmission electron microscopy, active ingestion was restricted to xylem vessels, whereas passive ingestion and watery salivation occurred intermittently in sieve tubes. Spectral and time frequencies analysis of digital data obtained with the "'EPG-Soft" software improved the distinction between ingestion and salivation activities in sieve tubes. Ingestion and watery salivation are essential phases of the feeding behaviour of piercing sucking insects, in relation to acquisition and inoculation of circulative Viruses. (Resume d'auteur)
